CN106903552A - Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state - Google Patents
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903552A CN106903552A CN201710233768.7A CN201710233768A CN106903552A CN 106903552 A CN106903552 A CN 106903552A CN 201710233768 A CN201710233768 A CN 201710233768A CN 106903552 A CN106903552 A CN 106903552A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
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Abstract
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, the system includes support frame, fixed mechanism on support frame, translating bracket, translational drive mechanism, runing rest, rotary drive mechanism, displacement transducer and control device, displacement transducer is preferably LVDT displacement transducers, control device and translational drive mechanism, rotary drive mechanism, displacement transducer passes through connection, fixed mechanism is used to for monitoring system to be fixedly mounted on lathe, preferably, fixed mechanism also isolates lathe bed vibration, translational drive mechanism drives translating bracket to make translational motion, runing rest is arranged on translating bracket, displacement transducer is arranged on runing rest, rotary drive mechanism drives runing rest to rotate.The present invention can realize the accurate measurement to Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under machine tool chief axis actual cut state, so as to help to effectively improve machine finish, improve production process intellectuality and level of security.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state.
Background technology
Digit Control Machine Tool is the important foundation of industry manufacture, and machine finish is one of key technology of lathe.In numerical control
During machine tooling, the thermal deformation that the unbalanced temperature rise of each part of lathe causes is so that the relative position between cutter and workpiece is sent out
Change is given birth to；There is force deformation in cutting force effect lower main axis, cause to allow knife.According to statistics, numerical control machining tool heat error accounts for overall error
50%~70%, power error accounts for the 10%~15% of overall error.To the Thermal-mechanical Coupling under machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Error is studied accurate, the safety monitoring especially realized to Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under machine tool chief axis actual cut state, energy
Machine finish is enough effectively improved, larger economic benefit is produced.
Achievement in research at present to machine tool chief axis mismachining tolerance is a lot, but has the following disadvantages：1. most of error researchs
Carried out under machine tool chief axis dry run condition, only considered the influence of main shaft thermal deformation, do not account for the influence of cutting force,
Achievement in research is difficult to apply in actual production；2. it is directed in the mismachining tolerance research under machine tool chief axis actual cut state, often
Method using error decoupling is carried out based on processing workpiece error measurement, this method calculates complicated, and reliability is low.Therefore
Need badly and design and develop Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, effectively improve industrial production water
It is flat.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method, solution do not account for main shaft cutting force deformation, actual cut shape in the prior art
The difficult problem of state lower main axis Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation measurement.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, including it is support frame, fixed mechanism, flat
Move support, translational drive mechanism, runing rest, rotary drive mechanism, displacement transducer and control device, the displacement sensing
Device is preferably LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer, linear variable difference transformer) displacement
Sensor, the fixed mechanism, the translating bracket, the translational drive mechanism, the runing rest and the rotation driving
Mechanism is arranged on support frame as described above, the control device and the translational drive mechanism, the rotary drive mechanism, institute's rheme
By connection, the fixed mechanism is used to for the monitoring system to be fixedly mounted on lathe displacement sensor, it is preferable that institute
State fixed mechanism and also isolate lathe bed vibration, the translational drive mechanism is coupled to the translating bracket to drive the translating bracket
Make translational motion, the runing rest is arranged on the translating bracket, and institute's displacement sensors are arranged on the runing rest
On, the rotary drive mechanism is coupled to the runing rest to drive the runing rest to rotate.
Further：
Support frame as described above includes main beam and the branch arm extended out from main beam, the branch arm and the main horizontal stroke
Beam forms angle, it is preferable that support frame as described above is made up of carbon fiber bar.
The fixed mechanism includes the first magnet base being arranged in the branch arm, the first vibration isolator and is arranged on institute
State the second magnet base on main beam, the second vibration isolator and the 3rd magnet base, the 3rd vibration isolator, it is first magnet base, described
Second magnet base and the 3rd magnet base are used to adsorbing bed piece, first vibration isolator, second vibration isolator, described
3rd vibration isolator is used to isolate lathe bed vibration.
The translational drive mechanism is led including the first steering wheel, pinion and rack, first straight line guide rail and second straight line
Rail, the pinion and rack includes gear and the tooth bar engaged with the tooth bar, rotating shaft and the tooth of first steering wheel
Coaxial line interference fit is taken turns to drive the pinion rotation, the tooth bar to be arranged on the translating bracket, the translating bracket
It is arranged on the first straight line guide rail and the second straight line guide rail by sliding block, the first steering wheel wheel passes through the gear
Rackwork drives the translating bracket to make translational motion along the first straight line guide rail and the second straight line guide rail.
The rotary drive mechanism includes the second steering wheel and rotating shaft, and second steering wheel is connected with the rotating shaft by shaft coupling
Connect, the rotating shaft is connected with the runing rest, second steering wheel drives the runing rest to rotate by the rotating shaft
Motion.
The control device includes the master control borad on support frame as described above, and the master control borad controls the driven in translation
The position of mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism displacement sensors to adjust and attitude, receive the survey of institute's displacement sensors
Amount data, and early warning is carried out to lathe unusual condition.
The master control borad stores on the master control borad in the SD card of grafting measurement data.
The position of institute's displacement sensors and attitude are through controlling so that measurement direction is just pair and perpendicular to machine in monitoring process
Bed spindle axis line.
Support frame as described above is the modular construction of adjustable assembling mode, and preferably each several part is bolted, by difference
Assembling mode realize under machine tool chief axis actual cut state three directions of x, y, z Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation measurement, preferably
Ground, support frame as described above is provided with multiple reinforcements.
Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation monitoring method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, using the monitoring system to lathe
Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation is monitored under main shaft actual cut state.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM uses electromechanical integration mode under machine tool chief axis actual cut state of the invention,
By the measurement data of the control device preferred LVDT displacement transducers of such as master control borad real-time reception displacement transducer, and control accordingly
Translational drive mechanism and rotary drive mechanism, attitude and position to LVDT displacement transducers are accurately adjusted, and make surveyed number
According to accurate reliability；It is preferred that lathe bed isolating technique is improve into the stability of a system and certainty of measurement by vibration isolator；It is preferred that adjusting
LVDT displacement transducers make measurement direction just pair and perpendicular to machine tool chief axis axial line, and data accuracy and reliability are surveyed in raising
Property；Monitoring system of the invention can improve production process intellectuality and level of security to the timely early warning of lathe unusual condition；Deposit
Storage measurement data, is that machine tool chief axis thermo-mechanical Coupled closes Study on Error Compensation accumulation experimental data preferably by measurement data storage in master control
On plate in the SD card of grafting.Thermal-mechanical Coupling deforms the difficulty for being difficult to measure under the present invention solves machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Topic, moving towards industrial production to machine tool error compensation technique has practical significance.
A preferred scheme of the invention has the following advantages that：The attitude to LVDT displacement transducers and position using master control borad
Put and be controlled, the response such as early warning, storage is carried out to measurement data, improve Automation of Manufacturing Process, intelligent level；Using
LVDT displacement transducers are measured to the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under actual cut state, in the severe ring for having chip and cutting fluid
Normal work still is able in border.
Another preferred scheme of the invention further has following advantage：Support frame each composition parts by carbon fiber
Bar is constituted, and because the thermal coefficient of expansion of carbon fiber bar is small, density is small, and intensity is high, therefore support frame thermal deformation and force deformation are very
It is small；It is bolted, installs, dismantles flexibly and easily；Can respectively be realized to machine tool chief axis by different assembling modes
The accurate measurement of the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z, economical and efficient under actual cut state.
The present invention can realize the essence to the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state
Really measurement, is Thermal-mechanical Coupling Study on Error Compensation accumulation experimental data, and to the timely early warning of unusual condition in process, from
And help to effectively improve machine finish, improve production process intellectuality and level of security.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of monitoring system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is scheme of installation of the monitoring system embodiment of the present invention on lathe；
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of monitoring system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the measuring principle figure of monitoring system embodiment of the present invention.
Label declaration in accompanying drawing：The magnet bases of 1- first, the vibration isolators of 2- first, the magnet bases of 3- second, the vibration isolators of 4- second, 5-
3rd magnet base, the vibration isolators of 6- the 3rd, 7- support frames, the steering wheels of 8- first, 9- rotating shafts, 10- runing rests, 11- fixtures, 12-
LVDT displacement transducers, 13- first straight lines guide rail, 14- second straight lines guide rail, 15- translating brackets, the steering wheels of 16- second, 17- teeth
Wheel rackwork, 18- master control borads, 19- monitoring systems, 20- platens, 21- machine tool chief axis.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are elaborated below.It is emphasized that what the description below was merely exemplary,
Rather than in order to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.
As shown in figure 1, Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, including the first magnetic force
The 1, first vibration isolator 2 of seat, the second magnet base 3, the second vibration isolator 4, the 3rd magnet base 5, the 3rd vibration isolator 6, support frame 7, first
Steering wheel 8, rotating shaft 9, runing rest 10, fixture 11, LVDT displacement transducers 12, first straight line guide rail 13, second straight line guide rail 14,
Translating bracket 15, the second steering wheel 16, pinion and rack 17, master control borad 18.The all parts of monitoring system are installed in support
On frame 7；Magnet base 1,3,5 is used to adsorb bed piece, and monitoring system is fixedly attached on lathe into (such as lathe bed column fixation
In structure)；Vibration isolator 2,4,6 is separately positioned between magnet base 1,3,5 and support frame 7, for isolating lathe bed vibration；Master control borad
18 and first steering wheel 8, the second steering wheel 16, LVDT displacement transducers 12 pass through connection；The rotating shaft of second steering wheel 16 and gear teeth
The gear coaxial line interference fit of bar mechanism 17, the motion of drive gear tooth bar；The tooth bar of pinion and rack 17 is arranged on translation
On support 15, translating bracket 15 is driven to do translational motion；Translating bracket 15 is arranged on line slideway 13,14 by sliding block；Rotation
Turn support 10 on translating bracket 15, be connected with rotating shaft 9；LVDT displacement transducers 12 are arranged on rotation branch by fixture 11
On frame 10；First steering wheel 8 is connected with rotating shaft 9 by shaft coupling, drives runing rest 10 to rotate.
Master control borad can use ARM920T, the measurement data for receiving LVDT displacement transducers, control the first steering wheel,
Second steering wheel is moved, and attitude and position to LVDT displacement transducers accurately adjusted, make measurement direction just pair and perpendicular to
Machine tool chief axis axial line, to the timely early warning of lathe unusual condition, and by measurement data storage on the master control borad in the SD card of grafting.
Vibration isolator can use spring vibration-isolator.
First steering wheel, the second steering wheel can use M0300 steering wheels.
LVDT displacement transducers can be using the 851ST301F displacement transducers of PETER HIRT GmbH companies.
In a preferred embodiment, each carbon that composition parts are small by thermal coefficient of expansion, density is small, intensity is high of support frame is fine
Dimension bar composition, support frame thermal deformation and the equal very little of force deformation；It is bolted, installs, dismantles flexibly and easily；Can pass through
Different assembling modes, realizes to the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state respectively
Accurate measurement；Preferably, with multiple reinforcements, for improving support frame structure strength and stiffness.
Before work, first the support frame 7 to monitoring system is assembled.By different assembling modes, can be real respectively
Now to the measurement of the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under machine tool chief axis actual cut state.
In one embodiment, the assembling mode of use is used to measure the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in machine tool chief axis y directions, such as schemes
Shown in 2.
Flow during work is as shown in Figure 3.The first step is the preparatory stage, to electricity on main control computer 18, receives LVDT displacements and passes
The feedback signal of sensor 12, drives the first steering wheel 8, the second steering wheel 16 to rotate according to feedback signal.LVDT displacement sensings when initial
Device measurement direction is pose P1, as shown in Figure 4.Now measurement direction is not alignd with spindle axis line A, also not perpendicular to spindle shaft
Heart line A.Main control computer 18 drives the second steering wheel 16 to rotate first, and the second steering wheel 16 drives translating bracket by pinion and rack 17
15 do translational motion on first straight line guide rail 13, second straight line guide rail 14 along x-axis, until the measurement data fed back is minimum, this
When LVDT displacement sensors direction just to machine tool chief axis axial line A, as shown in pose P2 in Fig. 4；Then main control computer 18 drives
Dynamic first steering wheel 8 is rotated, and the first steering wheel 8 is rotated support 10 and rotates by rotating shaft 9, until the measurement data fed back
Minimum, now LVDT displacement sensors direction is just pair and perpendicular to machine tool chief axis axial line A, as shown in pose P3 in Fig. 4.
The first vibration isolator 2, the second vibration isolator 4, the 3rd vibration isolator 6 use spring vibration-isolator in the present embodiment, can be effectively isolated lathe bed
Dither；First steering wheel 8, the second steering wheel 16 use M0300 steering wheels, and light structure is easy for installation, and position resolution reaches
0.09 °, control accuracy is high；LVDT displacement transducers can be using the 851ST301F displacement sensings of PETER HIRT GmbH companies
Device, measurement stroke is ± 2.0mm, and resolution ratio is 0.06 μm, and repeatability is 0.01 μm, can have the severe of chip and cutting fluid
Normal work in environment.Second step is working stage, and procedure is copied into Control System of NC Machine, starts lathe after lathe
Workbench 20 is acted according to procedure, and machine tool chief axis 21 are only rotated, and cutting test is carried out to test specimen.LVDT displacements are passed
Measurement signal is fed back to main control computer 18 by sensor 12 in real time, when machine tool chief axis thermo-mechanical Coupled fastening deformation exceedes certain danger threshold,
Main control computer 18 will send alarm, notify experimenter to the timely treatment of unusual service condition.When measurement signal is in safe range,
Main control computer 18 is the Thermal-mechanical Coupling under machine tool chief axis actual cut state by the SD card of surveyed data storage to institute's grafting thereon
Study on Error Compensation accumulates experimental data.
The embodiment of the present invention passes through strict test and checking, and function is all realized, with dependable performance, accurately
The characteristics of degree height, low cost.
Above content is to combine specific/preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to recognized
Fixed specific implementation of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, its implementation method that can also have been described to these makes some replacements or modification,
And these are substituted or variant should all be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, it is characterised in that including support frame, solid
Determine mechanism, translating bracket, translational drive mechanism, runing rest, rotary drive mechanism, displacement transducer and control device, institute
Displacement sensors are preferably LVDT displacement transducers, the fixed mechanism, the translating bracket, the translational drive mechanism,
The runing rest and the rotary drive mechanism are arranged on support frame as described above, the control device and the driven in translation machine
Structure, the rotary drive mechanism, institute's displacement sensors are used for the monitoring system by connection, the fixed mechanism
It is fixedly mounted on lathe, it is preferable that the fixed mechanism also isolates lathe bed vibration, the translational drive mechanism is coupled to described
To drive the translating bracket to make translational motion, the runing rest is arranged on the translating bracket translating bracket, institute's rheme
Displacement sensor is arranged on the runing rest, and the rotary drive mechanism is coupled to the runing rest to drive the rotation
Support rotates.
2. monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that support frame as described above includes main beam and prolongs from main beam
The branch arm stretched, the branch arm forms angle with the main beam, it is preferable that support frame as described above is by carbon fiber bar group
Into.
3. such as the monitoring system of claim 1 to 2, it is characterised in that the fixed mechanism includes being arranged in the branch arm
The first magnet base, the first vibration isolator and the second magnet base being arranged on the main beam, the second vibration isolator and the 3rd magnetic
Power seat, the 3rd vibration isolator, first magnet base, second magnet base and the 3rd magnet base are used to adsorb machine tool
Body, first vibration isolator, second vibration isolator, the 3rd vibration isolator are used to isolate lathe bed vibration.
4. the monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the translational drive mechanism includes first
Steering wheel, pinion and rack, first straight line guide rail and second straight line guide rail, the pinion and rack include gear and with institute
The tooth bar of tooth bar engagement is stated, the rotating shaft of first steering wheel and the gear coaxial line interference fit turn to drive the gear
Dynamic, the tooth bar is arranged on the translating bracket, the translating bracket by sliding block be arranged on the first straight line guide rail and
On the second straight line guide rail, the first steering wheel wheel drives the translating bracket along described the by the pinion and rack
One line slideway and the second straight line guide rail make translational motion.
5. the monitoring system as described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the rotary drive mechanism includes second
Steering wheel and rotating shaft, second steering wheel are connected with the rotating shaft by shaft coupling, and the rotating shaft is connected with the runing rest, institute
State the second steering wheel drives the runing rest to rotate by the rotating shaft.
6. the monitoring system as described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the control device includes being arranged on institute
The master control borad on support frame is stated, it is described to adjust that the master control borad controls the translational drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism
The position of displacement transducer and attitude, receive the measurement data of institute's displacement sensors, and carry out early warning to lathe unusual condition.
7. the as claimed in claim 6 monitoring system, it is characterised in that the master control borad stores in the master control measurement data
On plate in the SD card of grafting.
8. the monitoring system as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the position of institute's displacement sensors and appearance
State is through controlling so that measurement direction is just pair and perpendicular to machine tool chief axis axial line in monitoring process.
9. the monitoring system as described in any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that support frame as described above is adjustable assembling mode
Modular construction, preferably each several part is bolted, and is realized to machine tool chief axis actual cut by different assembling modes
The measurement of the Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation in three directions of x, y, z under state, it is preferable that support frame as described above is provided with multiple reinforcements.
10. Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation monitoring method under a kind of machine tool chief axis actual cut state, it is characterised in that will using such as right
Monitoring system described in 1 to 9 any one is asked to be monitored Thermal-mechanical Coupling deformation under machine tool chief axis actual cut state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710233768.7A CN106903552B (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710233768.7A CN106903552B (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106903552A true CN106903552A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CN106903552B CN106903552B (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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ID=59196106
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| CN201710233768.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106903552B (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Thermal-mechanical Coupling DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method under machine tool chief axis actual cut state |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109000610A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-14 | 厦门百霖净水科技有限公司 | A kind of detection device and measurement method measuring contraction distortion |
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| CN105300681A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric spindle temperature and thermal deformation testing device |
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| EP0199705A2 (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1986-10-29 | Maschinenfabrik Heid Aktiengesellschaft | Measuring device for a machine tool |
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