CN106903307A - A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903307A CN106903307A CN201710114670.XA CN201710114670A CN106903307A CN 106903307 A CN106903307 A CN 106903307A CN 201710114670 A CN201710114670 A CN 201710114670A CN 106903307 A CN106903307 A CN 106903307A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/004—Filling molds with powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Belong to technical field of composite preparation.It is raw material specifically with the tungsten alloy powder with low-temperature sintering characteristic and powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shot, the coform of tungsten alloy/steel foreign material composite powder is realized using powder metallurgy pressing technique, then carries out co-sintering operation and obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material.The near-net-shape of the achievable tungsten alloy/steel composite material structure-function integration of the present invention, solves processing and assembling problem that the welding of tungsten alloy parts is present, is that tungsten alloy and steel dissimilar material joining provide new approach.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Belong to multiple
Condensation material preparing technical field.
Background technology
Tungsten and its alloy have high density, high rigidity, high intensity, high temperature resistant and the excellent specific property such as corrosion-resistant, extensively should
For fields such as Aero-Space, weaponry, the energy and electronics.Intrinsic fragility and the limitation of preparation method due to tungsten, it is difficult to
Obtain large scale and complex-shaped pure tungsten component, Developing Tungsten/steel composites structure come substitute full tungsten structure not only can increased portion
The ease of use of part, moreover it is possible to the comprehensive performance advantage for playing each connecting material.
Tungsten/steel system sandwich is prepared at present typically using methods such as mechanical connection, splicing, welding.Mechanically connect
Belong to physical connection with splicing, have that low intensity, architecture quality are big, easily loosen under varying load effect, poor reliability lacks
Point.And welding method is used, such as brazing and diffusion welding often needs certain on-load pressure to realize the phase mutual connection between tungsten and steel
Touch, while tungsten is had higher requirements with the surface smoothness of steel, joint dimension bad adaptability, Er Qieyou when causing tungsten to be welded with steel
In tungsten and its intrinsic hard fragility of alloy, cause tungsten to there is certain processing and assembling problem with steel welding, limit tungsten/steel system
The production application of composite.Accordingly, it would be desirable to research and develop a kind of preparation method of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material of simple economy.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：For the deficiency of existing method, there is provided a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of alloy/steel composite, efficiently solves processing and assembling hardly possible that tungsten alloy/steel connection is present
Topic, realizes the near-net-shape of tungsten alloy/steel composite material structure-function integration.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；Including following step
Suddenly：
The design and preparation of step one material powder
With W powder and/or W alloy powder as raw material, with metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder as auxiliary material；By quality
Than auxiliary material：Raw material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, are well mixed, and obtain mixture；The fusing point of the auxiliary material is low
In the fusing point of raw material；
The fusing point of standby comminuted steel shot is measured, the fusing point for defining standby comminuted steel shot is A；
Step 2 coform
One layer of standby comminuted steel shot is first laid in mould, one layer of mixture is then re-layed；Or
One layer of mixture is first laid in mould, one layer of standby comminuted steel shot is then re-layed；
It is compressing under 600MPa~1000MPa pressure after the completion of laying, obtain tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base；
Step 3
During tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, it is sintered under B degrees Celsius, obtains tungsten
Alloy/steel composite；
The B/A=0.5-0.9, preferably 0.6-0.9；
When being sintered under B degrees Celsius, step one the Degree of Liquefaction with the auxiliary material for taking be 75-100%.The present invention
In, when being sintered under B degrees Celsius, step one the Degree of Liquefaction with the auxiliary material for taking refer to for 75-100%：At B degrees Celsius
Under when being sintered, the 75-100% for matching somebody with somebody the auxiliary material gross mass for taking is liquefied.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step one, institute
State W alloy powder and be selected from W-La2O3Alloy, W-Y2O3Alloy, W-Y2O3Alloy, W-TiC alloys, W-ZrC alloys, W-Y alloys, W-Mo
Alloy, W-Re alloys, W-K alloys, at least one in W-CNT (CNT) alloy.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；The B is 1000
DEG C~1300 DEG C.It is preferred that 1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C.More preferably 1130 DEG C~1200 DEG C.Still more preferably it is 1150 DEG C
~1185 DEG C.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step one, institute
State at least one during metal powder with low melting point is selected from Ni powder, Fe powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Sn powder, Al powder.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step one, institute
State low-melting alloy powder and be selected from Ni-Fe alloyed powders, Fe-Cu alloyed powders, Ni-Cu alloyed powders, Ni-Mn alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Cu
Alloyed powder, Ni-Fe-Al alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Mn alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Sn alloyed powders, Fe-Cu-Sn alloyed powders, Ni-Cu-Sn are closed
At least one in bronze, Ni-Cu-Mn alloyed powders.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；The granularity of raw material
For the granularity of 30nm~5 μm, auxiliary material is 30nm~5 μm.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；It is standby in step one
It it is 50~200 μm with the granularity of comminuted steel shot.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；Standby comminuted steel shot is
Powder used in metallurgy steel alloy.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step one, with
W powder and/or W alloy powder are raw material, with metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder as auxiliary material；In mass ratio, auxiliary material：It is former
Material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, will be placed in ball mill with the auxiliary material and raw material that take, carry out mechanical ball mill, obtain
To the mixture；During the ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill is controlled to turn/min for 150-300, the time is 20-50 hours.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；In step 3, institute
It is, first with the heating rate of 10~20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 600~950 DEG C, to be incubated 0.5~2h, then to state sintering process
1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C are continuously heating to, 1~3h is incubated, room temperature is cooled to the furnace after terminating.
A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material of the present invention；By metal element
Powder W, Ni, Cu, Sn etc. are according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio is weighed, and being placed in carries out ball milling, ball milling in planetary ball mill
When control rotating speed for 200 turns/min, the time be 20h, obtained after ball milling powder size be 100nm mixture；With particle mean size
For 100 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots are standby comminuted steel shot；One layer of standby comminuted steel shot is first laid in mould, one layer of mixing is then re-layed
Thing, it is then compressing under 800MPa pressure, obtain the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base of a diameter of 40mm；Then exist
Under hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to 900 DEG C, 1h is incubated, continues thereafter with and be warming up to
1180 DEG C, 2h is incubated, room temperature is cooled to the furnace after terminating, obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material；Tungsten alloy/the steel is multiple
The interface bond strength of condensation material is 600MPa；Or
By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn etc. according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio is weighed, and is placed in planetary type ball-milling
Ball milling is carried out in machine, it is 30h for 250 turns/min, time that rotating speed is controlled during ball milling, and powder size mixing for 80nm is obtained after ball milling
Compound；It is 150 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots for standby comminuted steel shot with particle mean size；One layer of standby comminuted steel shot is first laid in mould, so
After re-lay one layer of mixture, then compressing under 600MPa pressure, the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped for obtaining a diameter of 50mm is answered
Synthesis shape base；Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 950 DEG C, 0.5h is incubated,
Continue thereafter with and be warming up to 1150 DEG C, be incubated 3h, obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material；The interface of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material
Bond strength is 540MPa.In the present invention, when carrying out ball milling using planetary ball mill, can realize part or all of powder
Mechanical alloying.
In the present invention, standby comminuted steel shot is preferably and prepares powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shot using water atomization or aerosolization technology.
The powdered alloy steel that GB/T 19743-2005 are limited in the present invention could be used for the present invention.
Preferably, in the present invention, one layer of standby comminuted steel shot is first laid in step 2 in mould, jolt ramming, then
Re-lay one layer of mixture；Jolt ramming, it is then re-compacted.
Preferably, in the present invention, one layer of mixture, jolt ramming, Ran Houzai are first laid in step 2 in mould
One layer of standby comminuted steel shot of laying；Jolt ramming, it is then re-compacted.Also standby comminuted steel shot first can be pressed into comminuted steel shot base substrate, then in comminuted steel shot base substrate
Upper laying mixture, re-compacted shaping or first by mixture is pressed into mixture base substrate, then comminuted steel shot is layed in into mixture base substrate
Upper re-compacted shaping.
The present invention can also first prepare comminuted steel shot base substrate and mixture base substrate simultaneously, then comminuted steel shot base substrate and mixture base substrate are united
One compacting.
Using method designed in the present invention, tungsten alloy/steel, tungsten alloy/steel/tungsten alloy, steel/tungsten can be prepared and closed
The composite of gold/steel or tungsten alloy/steel/tungsten alloy/steel ....
In industrial applications, first will be uniform by mechanical mixture with the raw material and auxiliary material for taking.When mechanical mixture is uniform,
Can make part or all of powder that mechanical alloying occurs.
Principle and advantage
The present invention devises the powder metallurgy process of " coform co-sintering ", and should by composition design and process optimization
Method is applied in the preparation of tungsten alloy/steel foreign material structural member, realizes the structure function one of tungsten alloy/steel composite material
The near-net-shape of body.The present invention makes tungsten alloy with steel same creatively by matching the sintering characteristic of tungsten alloy and steel
Collaboration consolidation densification is realized under sintering schedule.Change particular by addition active element (such as Al, Sn, Mn) and using powder
Property technology (such as powder micro-nanoization) realize the activated sintering of tungsten alloy, reduce its sintering temperature, coordinate tungsten alloy and low conjunction
The sintering process of Jin Gang is densified with realizing both co-sinterings.The present invention is excellent by matrix alloy powdered ingredients design and processes
Change, coordinated the process compatible of tungsten alloy and the powder metallurgy coform co-sintering of steel, realize tungsten alloy/steel composite material
It is prepared by powder metallurgy.
Compared to existing method, the advantage of the invention is that：
(1) powder metallurgy process that the present invention is provided makees raw material using dusty material, it is to avoid welding method needs to tungsten
The technical barrier that alloy is processed and is surface-treated.
(2) from mechanically connect, be glued, welding etc. method it is different, powder metallurgy process may advantageously facilitate interface atoms spread
Reaction, is conducive to long-range order diffusion of the xenogenesis powder body material in interface both sides to be oozed with molten, is conducive to acquisition bond strength high, boundary
Good tungsten alloy/the steel composite material of face stability.
(3) powder metallurgy process can realize the near-net-shape of tungsten alloy/steel composite material, and formation efficiency is high, material use
Rate is high, low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that the ESEM in tungsten alloy/steel composite material interface cohesion region prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 shines
Piece.
Accompanying drawing 2 is process chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is intended to further illustrate with reference to embodiments, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material of present embodiment is carried out as follows：
First, prepared by material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn etc. according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio claims
Weight, being placed in carries out mechanical alloying treatment in planetary ball mill, it is 20h for 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time to control rotating speed, is obtained
It is 100nm to obtain powder size, and sintering temperature is 1180 DEG C of 90W-Ni-Cu-Sn tungsten alloy powders；Prepared using aerosolization technology
About 100 μm of powder size, sintering temperature is 1180 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
2nd, coform：The tungsten alloy powder and comminuted steel shot lamination of preparation are placed in rigid die, are suppressed under 800MPa pressure
Shaping, obtains the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base of a diameter of 40mm；
3rd, sinter：Be sintered under tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, first with 10 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is incubated 1h from room temperature to 900 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1180 DEG C, 2h is incubated, after terminating
Cool to room temperature with the furnace, that is, tungsten alloy/steel composite material is obtained.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties use welding side up to 600MPa than conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener (ultimate tensile strength is 425MPa) prepared by method is high by 30%.
Present embodiment gained tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance is good, is prepared using welding method with conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener produce micro-crack to compare from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling undergoing 30 times, up to 800 can be undergone
DEG C cold cycling 100 times.
The interface fine structure microstructure of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material by being obtained after above-mentioned powder metallurgical technique is shone
Piece is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material of present embodiment is carried out as follows：
First, prepared by material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio is weighed,
Being placed in carries out mechanical alloying treatment in planetary ball mill, control rotating speed for 250 turns/min, and Ball-milling Time is 30h, obtains powder
Last granularity is 80nm, and sintering temperature is 1150 DEG C of 90W-Ni-Cu-Sn tungsten alloy powders；Powder is prepared using aerosolization technology
About 100 μm of granularity, sintering temperature is 1150 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
2nd, coform：The tungsten alloy powder and comminuted steel shot lamination of preparation are placed in rigid die, are suppressed under 600MPa pressure
Shaping, obtains the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base of a diameter of 50mm；
3rd, sinter：Be sintered under tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is incubated 0.5h from room temperature to 950 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1150 DEG C, is incubated 3h, that is, tungsten is obtained
Alloy/steel composite.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties up to 540MPa, than conventionally employed welding side
Tungsten/steel fastener (ultimate tensile strength is 425MPa) prepared by method is high by 20%.
Present embodiment gained tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance is good, is prepared using welding method with conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener produce micro-crack to compare from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling undergoing 30 times, up to 700 can be undergone
DEG C cold cycling 80 times.
Embodiment 3
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material of present embodiment is carried out as follows：
First, prepared by material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn according to 85:7:7:1 mass ratio is weighed, and is placed in
Mechanical alloying treatment is carried out in planetary ball mill, controls rotating speed for 300 turns/min, Ball-milling Time is 50h, obtain powder grain
It is 30nm to spend, and sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C of 85W-Ni-Cu-Sn tungsten alloy powders；Powder size is prepared using aerosolization technology
About 50 μm, sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
2nd, coform：The tungsten alloy powder and comminuted steel shot lamination of preparation are placed in rigid die, are pushed in 1000MPa pressure
Shape is made, the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base of a diameter of 15mm is obtained；
3rd, sinter：Be sintered under tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is incubated 2h from room temperature to 600 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 1h, that is, tungsten is obtained and closes
Gold/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties up to 515MPa, than conventionally employed welding side
Tungsten/steel fastener (ultimate tensile strength is 425MPa) prepared by method is high by 17%.
Present embodiment gained tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance is good, is prepared using welding method with conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener produce micro-crack to compare from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling undergoing 30 times, up to 700 can be undergone
DEG C cold cycling 60 times.
Embodiment 4
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material of present embodiment is carried out as follows：
First, prepared by material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Mn according to 85:9:6 mass ratio is weighed, and is placed in planet
Mechanical alloying treatment is carried out in formula ball mill, controls rotating speed for 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time is 20h, obtaining powder size is
120nm, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C of 85W-Ni-Mn tungsten alloy powders；The μ of powder size about 150 is prepared using atomization technology
M, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
2nd, coform：The tungsten alloy powder and comminuted steel shot lamination of preparation are placed in rigid die, are suppressed under 700MPa pressure
Shaping, obtains the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base of a diameter of 40mm；
3rd, sinter：Be sintered under tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is incubated 1h from room temperature to 900 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1200 DEG C, is incubated 2h, that is, tungsten is obtained and closes
Gold/steel composite material.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties use welding up to 450MPa higher than conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener prepared by method.
Present embodiment gained tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance is good, is prepared using welding method with conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener produce micro-crack to compare from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling undergoing 30 times, up to 700 can be undergone
DEG C cold cycling 50 times.
Embodiment 5
The method for preparing powder metallurgy of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material of present embodiment is carried out as follows：
First, prepared by material powder：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Mn according to 85:6:4:5 mass ratio is weighed, and is placed in
Mechanical alloying treatment is carried out in planetary ball mill, controls rotating speed for 150 turns/min, Ball-milling Time is 25h, obtain powder grain
It is 160nm to spend, and sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C of 85W-Ni-Cu-Mn tungsten alloy powders；Powder size is prepared using atomization technology
About 200 μm, sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots；
2nd, coform：The tungsten alloy powder and comminuted steel shot lamination of preparation are placed in rigid die, are suppressed under 900MPa pressure
Shaping, obtains the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped combined shaping base of a diameter of 30mm；
3rd, sinter：Be sintered under tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, first with 20 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is incubated 2h from room temperature to 950 DEG C, continues thereafter with and is warming up to 1300 DEG C, is incubated 1.5h, that is, tungsten is obtained
Alloy/steel composite.
The tungsten alloy of present embodiment/steel composite material mechanical properties use welding up to 480MPa higher than conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener prepared by method.
Present embodiment gained tungsten alloy/steel composite material thermal fatigue resistance is good, is prepared using welding method with conventional
Tungsten/steel fastener produce micro-crack to compare from room temperature to 700 DEG C of cold cycling undergoing 30 times, up to 750 can be undergone
DEG C cold cycling 60 times.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material；It is characterised in that it includes following
Step：
The design and preparation of step one material powder
With W powder and/or W alloy powder as raw material, with metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder as auxiliary material；In mass ratio,
Auxiliary material：Raw material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, are well mixed, and obtain mixture；The fusing point of the auxiliary material is less than original
The fusing point of material；
The fusing point of standby comminuted steel shot is measured, the fusing point for defining standby comminuted steel shot is A；
Step 2 coform
One layer of standby comminuted steel shot is first laid in mould, one layer of mixture is then re-layed；Or
One layer of mixture is first laid in mould, one layer of standby comminuted steel shot is then re-layed；
It is compressing under 600MPa~1000MPa pressure after the completion of laying, obtain tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base；
Step 3
During tungsten alloy/steel combined shaping base is placed in into hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere, be sintered under B degrees Celsius, obtain tungsten alloy/
Steel composite material；
The B/A=0.5-0.9；
When being sintered under B degrees Celsius, step one the Degree of Liquefaction with the auxiliary material for taking be 75-100%.
2. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step one, the W alloy powder is selected from W-La2O3Alloy, W-Y2O3Alloy, W-Y2O3Alloy, W-TiC alloys,
W-ZrC alloys, W-Y alloys, W-Mo alloys, W-Re alloys, W-K alloys, at least one in W-CNT alloys.
3. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step one, the metal powder with low melting point be selected from Ni powder, Fe powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Sn powder, Al powder in extremely
Few one kind.
4. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step one, the low-melting alloy powder is selected from Ni-Fe alloyed powders, Fe-Cu alloyed powders, Ni-Cu alloys
Powder, Ni-Mn alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Cu alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Al alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Mn alloyed powders, Ni-Fe-Sn alloyed powders,
At least one in Fe-Cu-Sn alloyed powders, Ni-Cu-Sn alloyed powders, Ni-Cu-Mn alloyed powders.
5. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：The granularity of raw material is 30nm~5 μm, the granularity of auxiliary material is 30nm~5 μm.
6. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：The granularity of standby comminuted steel shot is 50~200 μm in step one.
7. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：Standby comminuted steel shot is powder used in metallurgy steel alloy.
8. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step one, with W powder and/or W alloy powder as raw material, with metal powder with low melting point or low-melting alloy powder
It is auxiliary material；In mass ratio, auxiliary material：Raw material=5:95~20：80, with auxiliary material and raw material is taken, will be placed in ball with the auxiliary material and raw material that take
In grinding machine, mechanical ball mill is carried out, obtain the mixture；During the ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill is controlled to turn/min for 150-300, when
Between be 20-50 hours.
9. the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1；
It is characterized in that：In step 3, the sintering process be first with the heating rate of 10~20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 600~
950 DEG C, 0.5~2h is incubated, continues thereafter with and be warming up to 1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C, be incubated 1~3h, cooled to the furnace after terminating
Room temperature.
10. the powder metallurgy preparation side of a kind of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material according to claim 1
Method；It is characterized in that：By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn etc. according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio is weighed, and is placed in planet
Ball milling is carried out in formula ball mill, it is 20h for 200 turns/min, time that rotating speed is controlled during ball milling, and powder size is obtained after ball milling is
The mixture of 100nm；It is 100 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots for standby comminuted steel shot with particle mean size；First laid in mould one layer it is standby
With comminuted steel shot, then re-lay one layer of mixture, it is then compressing under 800MPa pressure, obtain the tungsten alloy of a diameter of 40mm/
Steel disc-shaped combined shaping base；Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to 900
DEG C, 1h is incubated, continue thereafter with and be warming up to 1180 DEG C, 2h is incubated, cool to room temperature with the furnace after terminating, obtain tungsten alloy/steel
Composite；The interface bond strength of the tungsten alloy/steel composite material is 600MPa；Or
By elemental metal powders W, Ni, Cu, Sn etc. according to 90:6.3:2.7:1 mass ratio is weighed, and is placed in planetary ball mill
Ball milling is carried out, it is 30h for 250 turns/min, time that rotating speed is controlled during ball milling, and the mixing that powder size is 80nm is obtained after ball milling
Thing；It is 100 μm of powder used in metallurgy comminuted steel shots for standby comminuted steel shot with particle mean size；One layer of standby comminuted steel shot is first laid in mould, then
One layer of mixture is re-layed, then compressing under 600MPa pressure, the tungsten alloy/steel disc-shaped for obtaining a diameter of 50mm is combined
Shaping base；Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, first with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min from room temperature to 950 DEG C, 0.5h is incubated, with
After be continuously heating to 1150 DEG C, and sinter 3h at 1150 DEG C, obtain tungsten alloy/steel composite material；The tungsten alloy/steel composite wood
The interface bond strength of material is 540MPa.
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