CN106901244A - A kind of production method of deodorization, the health yeast dextran/minced fillet composite article of enhancing gel - Google Patents

A kind of production method of deodorization, the health yeast dextran/minced fillet composite article of enhancing gel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106901244A
CN106901244A CN201710065705.5A CN201710065705A CN106901244A CN 106901244 A CN106901244 A CN 106901244A CN 201710065705 A CN201710065705 A CN 201710065705A CN 106901244 A CN106901244 A CN 106901244A
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production method
yeast dextran
yeast
minced fillet
surimi product
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CN106901244B (en
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黄琪琳
熊怡婷
熊善柏
樊明聪
黄晶晶
马畅
张慧敏
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Fish Paste Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to food processing field, it is related to a kind of deodorization, the production method of the health yeast dextran/minced fillet composite article of enhancing gel.Comprise the following steps:Fresh Silver Carp is cleaned up rear " three go "(Decaptitate, scale, remove internal organ), rinsed after adopting meat.Flesh of fish centrifugation after rinsing is drained, and rotten shape is cut into food processor, through plus salt beat after bursting, in proportion in minced fillet addition compound gross mass 1% 5% yeast dextrans, be prepared into surimi product through overmolding, gelation.Compared with traditional surimi product, the surimi product that the preparation method of the surimi product provided using the present invention is made, delicate mouthfeel, gel strength are high, fishlike smell is low, special odor with yeast dextran, appetite can be significantly improved, but also the health-care effect having with yeast dextran, the added value of surimi product can be significantly improved.

Description

A kind of life of deodorization, the health yeast dextran/minced fillet composite article of enhancing gel Product method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing of aquatic products, more particularly to a kind of deodorization, enhancing gel health yeast dextran/ The production method of minced fillet composite article.
Background technology
Surimi product refers to burst, cut the gel food mixed, the process such as be molded and be made through beating after the flesh of fish plus a certain amount of salt Product.Such product is including breaded fish stick, fish ball, fish sausage, imitation crab meat etc. in the market.Surimi product is nutritious, with height The low-fat feature of albumen, and it is instant, tasty, therefore suffer from the popular welcome of consumer.In recent years, with consumption Person has been not limited to traditional surimi product to the increase year by year of aquatic products demand and the emphasis to health, and surimi product is carried The requirement for updating is gone out, feature surimi product is increasingly becoming new study hotspot, such as less salt minced fillet, low sugar minced fillet, meals high Fiber minced fillet etc..
In order to improve the gelation of minced fillet, mainly from the quality improver of the optimization of processing technology and addition excellent performance this Two aspects are had in mind.At present, conventional quality improver mainly has:Starch, edibility hydrophilic colloid, protein matter etc..Additionally, There is research to point out that some dietary fibers, aldehydes matter, vegetable oil etc. can also improve the gel strength of minced fillet.
China's aquatic resources enrich, and output of aquatic products increases year by year.Yet with moisture is high, in-vivo tissue enzyme activity jump Etc. reason, aquatic products are easily putrid and deteriorated, fishy smell weight, and because the reasons such as environmental pollution cause aquatic products marketing fresh price low, system The about development of aquatic products processing industry.In recent years, the control method on fish smell, is broadly divided into according to mechanism of action difference Physical, chemical method, bioanalysis, sense organ screen method and compound deodorant method etc..
Physical mainly includes:Absorption method, investment, extraction etc..Absorption method is mainly will be oppressed by suction-operated Fishy smell removal.At present, conventional adsorbent is mainly activated carbon, and other also include molecular sieve, silica gel, ion exchange resin Deng.The fishy smell material parcel of the flesh of fish is reached investment the purpose of deodorant by using embedding medium, is using most embedding mediums Cyclodextrine (β-cyclodextrin, β-CD), it has inner hydrophobic, a special cyclic structure of external hydrophilic, and it is nontoxic, can Edible, good stability.Extraction mainly uses organic solvent to the dissolution extraction of fishy smell composition, reaches the purpose of deodorant.Often With ethanol, ether as extractant.
Chemical method mainly includes:Acid/base facture, ozone facture, antioxidant facture etc..Acid/base facture master If being dissolved in acid/base liquid using protein, being launched so that fishy smell material and the protein combined with protein are separated.Together When, acid/base treatment additionally aids the dissolution of lipid and pigment, suppresses fat oxidation fishy smell.Conventional acid/base liquid mainly has vinegar Acid, citric acid, malic acid, NaOH and calcium chloride etc..Ozone facture is unstable in water using ozone, and can degrade product Raw monatomic state oxygen and hydroxyl radical free radical with strong oxidizing property, react with some organic matters, bring it about in various degree Degraded, some of fishy smell composition material is changed into the big material of fishy smell threshold value, make fishy smell concentration reduction.At antioxidant Logos is the purpose that deodorant is reached using the inoxidizability of antioxidant, such as Tea Polyphenols, flavones, terpenes and catechin chemical combination Thing etc..
Bioanalysis mainly uses microorganism that metabolic response occurs in the flesh of fish, and the fishy smell material in the flesh of fish is in microbial enzyme In the presence of structure change, be changed into the material without fishy smell.At present, the microorganism of selection mainly have saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, Acetobacter etc..Sense organ screen method be it is most traditional remove deodorization method, cover water using spice or some characteristic taste compounds The fishy smell of product, such as green onion, ginger, Chinese prickly ash, pepper, using extensive in food cooking.In order to reach preferably deodorization effect, Often various fishy-removing-methods are combined, using the complementation between each method and synergistic function, more preferably deodorization effect is reached.
Yeast dextran is a class by saccharomyces cerevisiae(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)Extraction purification obtain one Structural polysaccharide is planted, is the main component for constituting yeast cell wall positioned at the innermost layer of cell membrane, account for the 30%- of cell membrane dry weight 60%.Research finds that yeast dextran is made up of β-(1 → 3)-glucan and β-(1 → 6)-glucan, and both ratios are 85: 15.Its structure is different from the special cyclic structure of beta-schardinger dextrin, be by suitable β-(1 → 6)-glucan side chain and single β- The linear polysaccharide that (1 → 3)-dextran backbone is constituted.Because it has immunocompetence, antitumor activity, radiation resistance, reduction Various unique physiological activities such as cholesterol and blood fat, the growth for promoting intestinal beneficial bacterium and increasingly paid close attention to by people. Yeast dextran plays a role as dietary fiber in recent years, also serves as NMF, swelling agent, tissue generating agent and is applied to and bakes In food, flavoring, chewing gum, candy, preserved fruit etc..Additionally, because yeast dextran is difficult to be disappeared in human digestive organ Change and absorb, can simultaneously provide fat-like mouthfeel lipid is reduced in meat products as fat substitute.Also due to its have it is good Retentiveness well, emulsibility are widely used in pharmaceutical developments, animal feeding, health food industry.
The content of the invention
High it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of good, gel strength of elasticity, fishlike smell is low, can promote appetite and tool There is the compound surimi product of yeast dextran healthcare function.
To achieve these goals, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of production method of deodorization, the health yeast dextran/minced fillet composite article of enhancing gel, methods described includes:
1)Cut and mix:Fresh minced fillet adds salt after being cut through sky, cut mixing, and is subsequently adding yeast dextran and auxiliary material, cuts and mixes mixed Close uniform, obtain compound;
2)Gelation:Will be through step 1)Compound is molded, heating, obtains surimi product.
2nd, a kind of production method of surimi product as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 1)It is hollow to cut Time is 5-10min;The 2%-3% that the addition of the salt presses quality of fish filling is added, and salt cuts the time for 5-10min.
Preferably, the step 1)The addition of yeast dextran is by mass percentage the 1%-5% of compound gross mass. The step 1)Yeast dextran is dispersed in water first, is added in minced fillet after stirring.
Preferably, the step 1)In, auxiliary material is added by the percentage composition for accounting for compound gross mass:Salt 3%-5%, sugar 2%-5%, starch 5%-6%, gingerade 10%-22%, white pepper powder 0.2%-0.6%, monosodium glutamate 0.3%-0.5%.
Preferably, the step 1)The raw material of minced fillet be silver carp or grass carp or bighead or black carp or other.
Preferably, the step 2)In, described heating-up temperature is first 40-60 DEG C, and the heat time is 50-60min, then 80-90 DEG C is placed in, the heat time is 20-30min.
Preferably, refrigerated after methods described is also packed including surimi product, refrigerated storage temperature is 0-4 DEG C, cold preservation time It is 10-24h.The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
1st, by yeast dextran addition in surimi product, it is high to prepare a kind of good, gel strength of elasticity, with yeast for the present invention The surimi product of the healthcare function of glucan.Yeast dextran is to the enhancing effect of minced fish gel characteristic, dominant mechanism: (1)Yeast dextran is filled into the space of the network structure of protein formation as a kind of filler, makes structure finer and close, Enhance the intensity of minced fish gel.(2)Yeast dextran granularity is superfine, good dispersion, can uniformly fill to protein macromolecule In the network structure for being formed, interacted with the macromolecular chain for constituting network by non-covalent bond, do not hinder not only, destroy Network structure, has consolidated the network system on the contrary, has maintained the elasticity that network colloform texture enhances gelinite.(3)Gather yeast Portugal Though sugar is water insoluble, water imbibition is strong, and retention ability is high.Increase yeast glucose content and be equal to the water for reducing minced fillet combination, The concentration that increased albumen is equivalent to, strengthens system gelling properties.(4)Yeast dextran water swelling, to a certain extent The continuous matrix of minced fillet albumen formation is extruded, minced fish gel network structure is become fine and close, so as to improve gel strength.
2nd, surimi product prepared by the present invention, its retentiveness, gel strength are better than product prepared by traditional handicraft.
3rd, surimi product prepared by the present invention has the distinctive local flavor of yeast dextran, and fishlike smell is weak, and flesh of fish delicate flavour is strong.
4th, surimi product outward appearance prepared by the present invention can effectively facilitate appetite in faint yellow.
5th, surimi product prepared by the present invention has the healthcare function of yeast dextran.
6th, simple production process of the present invention, equipment requirement is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is influence of the different yeast dextran contents to minced fish gel retentiveness;
Fig. 2 is influence of the different yeast dextran contents to minced fish gel elastic modelling quantity;
Fig. 3 is influence of the different yeast dextran contents to minced fish gel rupture strength and cup depth;
Fig. 4 is influence of the different yeast dextran contents to minced fish gel stress relaxation ability;
Fig. 5 is principal component analysis (PCA) figure of different yeast dextrans/minced fillet compound Electronic Nose determination data;
Fig. 6 is the total ion peak figure of yeast dextran/minced fillet compound volatile ingredient;
Fig. 7 is the total ion peak figure of minced fillet compound volatile ingredient;
Fig. 8 is the total ion peak figure of yeast dextran volatile ingredient.
Specific embodiment
With reference to subordinate list and specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Fresh Silver Carp is cleaned up rear " three go "(Decaptitate, scale, remove internal organ), adopted with flesh separator after must oppressing at 0-10 DEG C Rinsed under water temperature.Flesh of fish rinsing 3 times, wherein, tap water rinse 2 times, 0.5%NaCl solution is rinsed 1 time.After rinsing The flesh of fish is placed in a centrifuge centrifugation and drains, and rotten shape is cut into food processor, and stirring is allowed to pour into casing after fully mixing, And sealed two ends with clipping machine.Using two sections of heatings, 1h is heated under the conditions of 40 DEG C, 30min is heated under the conditions of 90 DEG C, be obtained Rapid flowing water is cooled down after minced fish gel, refrigerated overnight under the conditions of being placed in 0-4 DEG C.With the texture characteristic of instrumental test sample simultaneously The difference of sample volatile flavor component is detected using Electronic Nose, HS-SPME-GC-MS methods.
Embodiment 2:
Fresh Silver Carp is cleaned up rear " three go "(Decaptitate, scale, remove internal organ), adopted with flesh separator after must oppressing at 0-10 DEG C Rinsed under water temperature.Flesh of fish rinsing 3 times, wherein, tap water rinse 2 times, 0.5%NaCl solution is rinsed 1 time.After rinsing The flesh of fish is placed in a centrifuge centrifugation and drains, and rotten shape is cut into food processor.Yeast dextran is pre-dispersed in frozen water In, more than 30min is stirred, its addition is the 1% of sample composites gross mass.Stirring is allowed to pour into casing after fully mixing, and Two ends are sealed with clipping machine.Using two sections of heatings, 1h is heated under the conditions of 40 DEG C, 30min is heated under the conditions of 90 DEG C, fish is obtained Rapid flowing water is cooled down after rotten gel, refrigerated overnight under the conditions of being placed in 0-4 DEG C.With the texture characteristic and profit of instrumental test sample The difference of sample volatile flavor component is detected with Electronic Nose, HS-SPME-GC-MS methods.
Embodiment 3:
Fresh Silver Carp is cleaned up rear " three go "(Decaptitate, scale, remove internal organ), adopted with flesh separator and rinsed after must oppressing. Flesh of fish rinsing 3 times, wherein, tap water rinse 2 times, 0.5%NaCl solution is rinsed 1 time.During rinsing, 5min is first slowly stirred, then 10min is stood, the flesh of fish is 1 with the ratio of water:5, water temperature is 10 DEG C or so.The flesh of fish after rinsing is placed in a centrifuge centrifugation drip It is dry, and rotten shape is cut into food processor.3%-5% salt, 2%-5% sugar, 5%-6% starch, 10%-22% gingers are added respectively Water, 0.2%-0.6% pepper powders and 0.3%-0.5% monosodium glutamates, cut the ferment of the 1%-5% for adding sample composites gross mass after mixing uniformly again Female glucan.Shaping, is made fish ball manually.After heating shortening, sensory evaluation is carried out.
The surimi product that the following method being discussed in detail to being provided using the present invention is made carries out gelling value characteristic test, sense organ Evaluation test, the detection of Electronic Nose prison, the detection of HS-SPME-GC-MS methods volatile ingredient.
1st, texture analysis
Sample is cut into 20mm cylinders long, in carrying out full texture analysis under room temperature condition with TA-XTPlus texture analysers (TPA), puncture resistance and stress relaxation ability measure.
2nd, sensory evaluation
Evaluation group is constituted by 5 Majors of Food university students to make the aspects such as the color and luster of sample, smell, structural state and flavour Evaluation is given a mark respectively, and full marks are 100 points.
3rd, detection by electronic nose
2.0g samples are taken in sample bottle, analysis of volatile components is carried out using Fox4000 electric nasus systems.
4th, HS-SPME-GC-MS methods detection volatile ingredient
3.0 g samples are taken in the headspace extraction bottle of 20 mL, 7ml saturated nacl aqueous solutions are added, envelope is sealed rapidly, and It is placed in magnetic force heating stirrer.With PDMS/DVB/CAR extracting head headspace absorptions.Extracting head is inserted into GC injection ports, is desorbed, Then identification is analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer.
Fig. 1 shows influence of the yeast dextran of different content to minced fish gel retentiveness.Yeast dextran can be significantly The retentiveness of minced fish gel is improved, when the addition of yeast dextran is 2%, the retentiveness of minced fish gel has maximum.
Fig. 2 shows influence of the different yeast dextran contents to elasticity of minced fish modulus.Yeast dextran has synergy to G ' Effect, and the yeast dextran of addition 5% is maximum to minced fillet rheological behavior humidification.
Table 1 shows influence of the yeast dextran to minced fish gel TPA performances.The addition of yeast dextran is solidifying to minced fillet The texture characteristic of glue has considerable influence, and appropriate addition yeast dextran can significantly improve the texture characteristic of minced fish gel.Its In, when 2% yeast dextran is added, improve the texture characteristic best results of plural gel.
Fig. 3 shows influence of the yeast dextran to minced fish gel rupture strength and cup depth.As can be seen that yeast Portugal Glycan can strengthen the rupture strength and cup depth of Silver Carp Surimi gel.When the addition of yeast dextran is 2%, minced fillet is coagulated The rupture strength and cup depth of glue reach maximum.
Fig. 4, table 2 show influence of the yeast dextran to minced fish gel stress relaxation ability.As yeast dextran adds The increase of dosage, the equilibrium stress of plural gel gradually increases, and when addition is 2%, the equilibrium stress of plural gel is maximum, Show that hardness is maximum.The minced fish gel of different yeast dextran additions, its stress relaxation parameter has larger otherness, addition The minced fish gel E of 2% yeast dextran0、E1Maximum is, shows that the plural gel hardness, elasticity are maximum.
Table 3 shows the sensory evaluation scores of yeast dextran fish ball.The sensory evaluation scores numerical value of each sample is with yeast dextran The increase of addition and have different degrees of rising, comprehensive color and luster, smell, structural state and flavour this four aspects work as yeast When the addition of glucan is 2%, sensory evaluation scores highest.
Table 4 shows the response of different yeast dextrans/minced fillet compound Electronic Nose probe, it can be seen that Most sensors effectively can be changed by response distinguishes this 4 kinds of samples, and with the addition of the compound system of the minced fillet of yeast dextran The response of product is more than blank control group.The difference of response, may be relevant with Cucumber change.
Fig. 5 shows principal component analysis (PCA) figure of different yeast dextrans/minced fillet compound Electronic Nose determination data. As can be seen that the smell change of the different flesh of fish samples of electronics nose energy effective district point.Add the flesh of fish and blank group of yeast dextran The flesh of fish it is in larger distance, illustrate add yeast dextran minced fillet odour component it is different with blank minced fillet, significant difference.
Fig. 6 is the total ion peak figure of different yeast dextrans/minced fillet compound volatile ingredient.Good total quasi-molecular ions chart Show that HS-SPME methods can preferably adsorb the volatile ingredient oppressed in sample, it is possible to volatile ingredient is entered by GC-MS Row analysis detection.Confirm that Silver Carp Surimi identifies 24 kinds of volatile materials, yeast altogether through the retrieval of NIST picture libraries and bibliographic reference Glucan/minced fillet composite article identifies 28 kinds of volatile materials, yeast dextrans and identifies 62 kinds of volatile materials altogether altogether.
Table 5 shows that yeast dextran oppresses part silver carp the influence of volatile ingredient.It can be seen that some are relatively low The aldehyde compound of molecular mass is contributed to the characteristic chicken flavor of fish, the linear chain aldehyde for having document report saturation, such as aldehyde C-9, octanal, Hexanal, enanthaldehyde etc. would generally produce some penetrating odors beastly such as fishlike smell, terramycin slage.Yeast Portugal is with the addition of to gather In the volatile ingredient of the sugar flesh of fish, fishlike smell, the hexanal of terramycin slage, octanal, aldehyde C-9,1-OCOL and 2- 11 can be produced Ketone equal size has declined or can't detect compared with blank group, shows that adding yeast dextran can be effectively improved the volatility of the flesh of fish Composition.
Fig. 7 is the total ion peak figure of minced fillet compound volatile ingredient, and Fig. 8 is the total quasi-molecular ions of yeast dextran volatile ingredient Figure.
The volatile ingredient that yeast dextran can be detected, it is relatively low with respect to smell activity value, shows the component to entirety Local flavor contribution is little.The flesh of fish of yeast dextran is with the addition of, the aldehydes, alcohols material in its volatile ingredient are reduced, compared with blank The additional material of group is mainly ketone and esters, but this two class is little to the contribution of overall local flavor.Therefore, yeast dextran can subtract Aldehydes, the alcohols of penetrating odor are produced less, so as to reduce the fishy smell of the flesh of fish, its unique smell is assigned, and reach the mesh of deodorization 's.
In sum, the present invention adds yeast dextran in minced fillet, mixes, is molded, has been made yeast after gelation through cutting Glucan/minced fillet composite article.Compound surimi product prepared by the present invention, the not only healthcare function with yeast dextran, and And than traditional minced fillet, elasticity and gel strength are high, and fishlike smell is weak, with the distinctive local flavor of yeast dextran, outward appearance is in yellowish Color, can effectively lift appetite.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as limitation of the invention, this Shen Please in embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the case where not conflicting, can mutually be combined.Protection model of the invention Enclose the equivalent side of technical characteristic in the technical scheme that should be recorded with claim, including the technical scheme of claim record Case is protection domain.Equivalent i.e. within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of deodorization, enhancing gel health yeast dextran/minced fillet composite article production method, it is characterised in that Methods described includes:
1)Cut and mix:Fresh minced fillet adds salt after being cut through sky, cut mixing, and is subsequently adding yeast dextran and auxiliary material, cuts and mixes mixed Close uniform, obtain compound;
2)Gelation:Will be through step 1)Compound is molded, heating, obtains surimi product.
2. production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 1)It is hollow to cut the time for 5-10min;It is described The 2%-3% that the addition of salt presses quality of fish filling is added, and salt cuts the time for 5-10min.
3. production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 1)The addition of yeast dextran is by compound The percentage composition addition of thing gross mass:1%-5%.
4. production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1)In, described auxiliary material presses compound gross mass Percentage composition is added:Salt 3%-5%, sugar 2%-5%, starch 5%-6%, gingerade 10%-22%, white pepper powder 0.2%-0.6%, monosodium glutamate 0.3%-0.5%。
5. production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1)The raw material of minced fillet is silver carp or grass carp or bighead Black carp or other.
6. production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)In, described heating-up temperature is 40-60 first DEG C, the heat time is 50-70min, then is placed in 80-95 DEG C, and the heat time is 20-40min.
7. production method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step 2)In, described heating-up temperature is 40 DEG C first, Heat time is 60min, then is placed in 90 DEG C, and the heat time is 30min.
8. production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Methods described also packs rear cold including surimi product Hide, refrigerated storage temperature is 0-4 DEG C, and cold preservation time is 10-24h.
CN201710065705.5A 2017-02-06 2017-02-06 Production method of health-care yeast glucan/minced fillet composite product with fishy smell removal and gel enhancement functions Active CN106901244B (en)

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CN113068808A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-07-06 福建农林大学 Processing method for improving quality of fried fish cake

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CN107581527A (en) * 2017-08-04 2018-01-16 舟山佳竹水产有限公司 A kind of preparation method of minced fillet typical local food
CN111887403A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-06 华中农业大学 Preparation method of minced fillet gel product and application of yeast extract in preparation of minced fillet gel product
CN113068808A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-07-06 福建农林大学 Processing method for improving quality of fried fish cake

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