CN106898817B - Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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CN106898817B
CN106898817B CN201510964708.3A CN201510964708A CN106898817B CN 106898817 B CN106898817 B CN 106898817B CN 201510964708 A CN201510964708 A CN 201510964708A CN 106898817 B CN106898817 B CN 106898817B
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ion battery
lithium ion
electrolyte
organic solvent
lithium
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CN106898817A (en
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胡翼飞
梅乔迪
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
    • H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery, wherein the lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent and a film forming additive, the organic solvent contains tert-butylphenol, the film forming additive contains silicon-containing sulfate with a structure shown in a structural formula I and/or silicon-containing phosphate with a structure shown in a structural formula II, the lithium ion battery electrolyte can effectively improve the low-temperature cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery simultaneously by adding the tert-butylphenol, the silicon-containing sulfate with a structure shown in the structural formula I or the silicon-containing phosphate with a structure shown in the structural formula II into the lithium battery electrolyte,

Description

Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery preparation, in particular to a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery containing the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have high voltage, high specific energy, long cycle life, no environmental pollution, and are widely used in the range from civilian power supplies such as mobile phones and notebook computers to vehicle-mounted power supplies for driving automobiles. In order to adapt to the application of lithium ion batteries, the battery characteristics of lithium ion batteries are required to be continuously improved.
Although the existing lithium ion batteries can generally meet the use requirements at normal temperature, once the use temperature is higher than a normal temperature range (high temperature condition), the high-temperature storage performance of the batteries is often poor, and once the use temperature is lower than the normal temperature range (low temperature condition), the low-temperature cycle performance of the batteries is also often poor. Although attempts have been made to improve the high-temperature storage performance and the low-temperature cycle performance of the battery in the prior art, the low-temperature cycle performance of the battery is not good when the high-temperature storage performance of the battery is improved, and the high-temperature storage performance of the battery is not good when the low-temperature cycle performance of the battery is improved, which are difficult to be improved simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery, so as to improve both the low-temperature cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lithium ion battery electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, an organic solvent and a film-forming additive, wherein the organic solvent contains tert-butylphenol, and the film-forming additive comprises a silicon-containing sulfate having a structure represented by structural formula i and/or a silicon-containing phosphate having a structure represented by structural formula ii, and the structural formulae i and ii are as follows:
In the formula I, R1And R2Each independently selected from H, alkyl and trialkylsilyl, and R1And R2At least one of them is a trialkylsilyl group:
In the formula II, R3、R4And R5Each independently selected from H, alkyl and trialkylsilyl, and R3、R4And R5At least one of which is a trialkylsilyl group.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
According to the lithium ion battery electrolyte and the lithium ion battery provided by the invention, the lithium ion battery electrolyte is added with the silicon-containing sulfate containing tert-butyl phenol and having a structure shown in a structural formula I or the silicon-containing phosphate having a structure shown in a structural formula II, so that the low-temperature cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery can be effectively improved at the same time.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The technical problem pointed out in the background section of the present application that "the high-temperature storage performance and the low-temperature cycle performance of the battery in the prior art are difficult to be simultaneously improved" is solved. The lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent and a film forming additive, wherein the organic solvent contains tert-butylphenol, the film forming additive comprises (is) silicon-containing sulfate with a structure shown in a structural formula I and/or silicon-containing phosphate with a structure shown in a structural formula II, and the structural formula I and the structural formula II are shown as follows:
In the formula I, R1and R2Each independently selected from H, alkyl and trialkylsilyl, and R1And R2At least one of them is a trialkylsilyl group:
In the formula II, R3、R4And R5Each independently selected from H, alkyl and trialkylsilyl, and R3、R4And R5At least one of which is a trialkylsilyl group.
According to the electrolyte for the lithium battery and the lithium ion battery provided by the invention, the electrolyte containing tert-butyl phenol, the silicon-containing sulfate with the structure shown in the structural formula I and/or the silicon-containing phosphate with the structure shown in the structural formula II is/are added into the electrolyte for the lithium battery, so that the low-temperature cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery can be effectively improved at the same time.
The lithium ion battery electrolyte is characterized in that the silicon-containing sulfate with the structure shown in the structural formula I and/or the silicon-containing phosphate with the structure shown in the structural formula II are/is used as a film forming additive to be combined with tert-butyl phenol so as to achieve the purpose of improving the low-temperature cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery. In the present invention, the organic solvent preferably contains 0.01 to 0.2 wt% of tert-butyl phenol, preferably 0.01 to 0.1 wt% of tert-butyl phenol, based on 100 wt% of the organic solvent, and the lithium ion battery electrolyte contains 0.5 to 2 wt% of silicon-containing sulfate having a structure represented by structural formula i and/or silicon-containing phosphate having a structure represented by structural formula ii, preferably 1 to 2 wt% of silicon-containing sulfate having a structure represented by structural formula i and/or silicon-containing phosphate having a structure represented by structural formula ii. More preferably, the weight ratio of the tertiary butyl phenol-containing to the silicon-containing sulfate with the structure shown in the structural formula I and/or the silicon-containing phosphate with the structure shown in the structural formula II is 0.01-0.2: 1.
The lithium ion battery electrolyte is preferably selected from silicon-containing sulfate with a structure shown in a structural formula I1And R2Are all trialkylsilyl groups, more preferably all three C groups1-C4Alkylsilyl group, wherein C1-C4The alkyl refers to alkyl with 1-4 carbon atoms; more preferably trimethylsilyl and triethylsilyl, and particularly preferably the siliceous sulfate having the structure shown in formula I is bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate.
in the lithium ion battery electrolyte, R in the silicon-containing phosphate with the structure shown in the structural formula II is preferably selected3、R4And R5Are all trialkylsilyl groups, more preferably all three C groups1-C4Alkylsilyl group, wherein C1-C4The alkyl refers to alkyl with 1-4 carbon atoms; more preferably a trimethylsilyl group or a triethylsilyl group, and particularly preferably the silicon-containing phosphate having the structure represented by formula II is tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
According to the lithium ion battery electrolyte, the selected tert-butylphenol can be any organic matter containing a tert-butylphenol mother ring, and the structure of the organic matter can be p-tert-butylphenol, o-tert-butylphenol or m-tert-butylphenol. The tertiary butyl-containing phenol that may be used in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, one or more of 2, 6 di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, tertiary butyl hydroquinone, and 2, 3, 5 trimethylphenol.
According to the lithium ion battery electrolyte, the organic solvent contains other organic solvents besides tert-butyl phenol. The other organic solvent may be arbitrarily selected from various high boiling point solvents and low boiling point solvents, for example, including but not limited to one or more of γ -butyrolactone (GBL), Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), Vinylene Carbonate (VC), Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC), Methyl Propyl Carbonate (MPC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), acid anhydride, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, acetonitrile, N-dimethylformamide, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl sulfite or other cyclic organic esters containing fluorine, sulfur or unsaturated bonds; preferably the further organic solvent is selected from one or more of GBL, EC, PC, EMC, DEC and DMC. Preferably, the other organic solvent is at least two solvents.
The lithium ion battery electrolyte according to the present invention, wherein the content of lithium salt in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is not particularly required, and it can refer to the conventional amount in the art, for example, the content of lithium salt in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.1-2mol/L, preferably 0.7-1.6 mol/L.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises the steps of adding lithium salt and a film-forming additive into an organic solvent, and then stirring to fully dissolve and uniformly disperse the lithium salt and the film-forming additive to obtain the electrolyte provided by the invention. The lithium salt and the film-forming additive are added in sequence, and can be added separately or simultaneously. The amount of lithium salt, organic solvent and film-forming additive is such that the concentration of lithium salt is 0.1-2.0mol/L, preferably 0.7-1.6 mol/L.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is the lithium ion battery electrolyte. The lithium ion battery according to the present invention includes a lithium ion battery using various conventional materials as an active material. The lithium ion battery provided by the invention comprises an electrode group and the lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention, wherein the electrode group comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Since the present invention relates only to the improvement of the electrolyte of the prior art lithium ion battery, there is no particular limitation on other compositions and structures of the lithium ion battery.
For example, the positive electrode may be any of various positive electrodes known to those skilled in the art, and generally includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material coated and/or filled on the current collector. The current collector may be any current collector known to those skilled in the art, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, and nickel-plated steel strip. The cathode material may be any of various cathode materials known to those skilled in the art, and generally includes a cathode active material, a cathode binder, and a cathode conductive agent, and the cathode active material may be selected from conventional cathode active materials of lithium ion batteries, such as LiFe1-x-yMnxMyPO4(wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and M is one or more of Co, Ni, Mg, Zn, V and Ti).
The positive electrode binder in the positive electrode is not particularly limited, and all positive electrode binders known in the art to be used in lithium ion batteries may be used. Preferably, the positive electrode binder is a mixture of a hydrophobic binder and a hydrophilic binder. The ratio of the hydrophobic binder to the hydrophilic binder is not particularly limited and may be determined according to actual needs, for example, the weight ratio of the hydrophilic binder to the hydrophobic binder may be 0.3:1 to 1:1. The positive electrode binder may be used in the form of an aqueous solution or an emulsion, or may be used in the form of a solid, preferably an aqueous solution or an emulsion, and in this case, the concentration of the hydrophilic binder solution and the concentration of the hydrophobic binder emulsion are not particularly limited, and the concentrations may be flexibly adjusted according to the viscosity and workability of the slip coating of the positive and negative electrode pastes to be prepared, and for example, the concentration of the hydrophilic binder solution may be 0.5 to 4 wt%, and the concentration of the hydrophobic binder emulsion may be 10 to 80 wt%. The hydrophobic binder may be polytetrafluoroethylene, styrene butadiene rubber or a mixture thereof. The hydrophilic binder may be hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof. The content of the positive electrode binder is 0.01 to 8 wt%, preferably 1 to 5 wt% of the positive electrode active material.
The content and kind of the positive electrode conductive agent are well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, the content of the positive electrode conductive agent is generally 0 to 15% by weight, preferably 0 to 10% by weight, based on the positive electrode material. The positive electrode conductive agent may be one or more selected from conductive carbon black, acetylene black, nickel powder, copper powder, and conductive graphite.
The composition of the negative electrode is well known to those skilled in the art, and generally, the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material coated and/or filled on the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector is well known to those skilled in the art, and may be selected from one or more of aluminum foil, copper foil, nickel-plated steel strip, and punched steel strip, for example, and preferably, the negative electrode current collector is copper foil. The negative electrode material is well known to those skilled in the art, and comprises a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode binder, and optionally a negative electrode conductive agent, wherein the negative electrode active material can be selected from one or more of conventional negative electrode active materials of lithium ion batteries, such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, petroleum coke, organic pyrolysis carbon, mesocarbon microbeads, carbon fibers, tin alloy and silicon alloy. The binder may be selected from one or more of conventional binders for lithium ion batteries, such as polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, hydroxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR). Generally, the content of the negative electrode binder is 0.5 to 8% by weight, preferably 2 to 5% by weight, of the negative electrode active material. The kind and content of the negative electrode conductive agent are well known to those skilled in the art, and the present application is not particularly limited.
The organic solvent used for preparing the positive electrode slurry and the negative electrode slurry according to the present invention may be selected from conventional solvents including, but not limited to, one or more of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), Dimethylformamide (DMF), Diethylformamide (DEF), Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), Tetrahydrofuran (THF), and water and alcohols. The solvent may be used in an amount such that the slurry can be applied to the current collector. Generally, the solvent is used in an amount such that the concentration of the positive electrode active material in the slurry is 40 to 90% by weight, preferably 50 to 85% by weight.
The separator layer has an electrical insulating property and a liquid retaining property, is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is sealed in a battery case together with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolytic solution. The membrane layer can be various membrane layers commonly used in the field, such as modified polyethylene felt, modified polypropylene felt, superfine glass fiber felt, vinylon felt or nylon felt of various production brands produced by various manufacturers known by the field, and a composite membrane formed by welding or bonding the wettable polyolefin microporous membrane and the membrane.
The preparation method of the secondary lithium ion battery provided by the invention comprises the steps of arranging a diaphragm layer between the prepared positive electrode and the prepared negative electrode to form an electrode group, accommodating the electrode group in a battery case, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the battery case to obtain the secondary lithium ion battery, wherein the electrolyte is the electrolyte provided by the invention.
The preparation method of the positive electrode comprises the steps of coating slurry containing a positive active material, a positive adhesive and a positive conductive agent on a positive current collector, drying, rolling and slicing to obtain the positive electrode. The drying is generally carried out at from 50 to 160 ℃ and preferably from 80 to 150 ℃.
The preparation method of the negative electrode and the preparation method of the positive electrode comprise the steps of coating slurry containing a negative electrode active substance, a negative electrode binder and a negative electrode conductive agent selectively contained on a negative electrode current collector, drying, rolling and slicing to obtain the negative electrode. Drying temperatures are well known to those skilled in the art.
The following will further illustrate the beneficial effects of the electrolyte for lithium battery and the lithium ion battery of the present invention with reference to specific examples.
The various solvents and reagents described in the following examples of the invention were all analytical grade.
Examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Preparing an electrolyte: in a glove box, Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and 2, 6 di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol (purity 99.8%) were mixed to obtain an organic solution system in which the weight contents of the respective raw materials are as shown in table 1; and relative to 100 weight percent of the organic solution system,1.1mol/L LiPF is added6The electrolyte and X weight percent of bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate (the purity is 99.5 percent) are stirred until all solid substances are dissolved, and the required electrolyte is obtained, wherein the contents of all components are shown in Table 1.
Table 1.
A positive electrode material: active material LiFePO4dissolving acetylene black and polyvinylidene fluoride (obtained from Qingfeng plastic raw material Co., Ltd., Dongguan) in N-methyl pyrrolidone in a weight ratio of 90:5:5 to form battery slurry with solid content of 50 wt%, coating the slurry obtained after uniform stirring on two sides of an aluminum foil with thickness of 16 mu m, baking at 110 +/-5 ℃, rolling, and vacuum drying to form a material layer with thickness of 140 mu m +/-5 mu m to obtain the anode material.
And (3) anode material: dispersing asphalt-coated natural graphite (the asphalt coating amount is 2 percent), conductive carbon black, styrene butadiene rubber and carboxymethyl cellulose in deionized water according to the weight ratio of 95:1:1.7:2.3 to obtain negative electrode slurry, coating the uniformly stirred negative electrode slurry on two surfaces of a copper foil with the thickness of 10 mu m, baking at the temperature of 110 +/-5 ℃, rolling and drying in vacuum to form a material layer with the thickness of 100 +/-5 mu m, and obtaining the negative electrode material.
Preparing a battery: and (3) winding the positive and negative plates and a polypropylene diaphragm with the thickness of 20 microns into a square lithium ion battery pack, putting the square lithium ion battery pack into a battery case, welding, injecting the electrolyte prepared in the previous step into the battery case, and sealing to prepare 453450A type lithium ion batteries, wherein the prepared batteries are marked as S1-S6 and DS1-DS 2.
Example 7
Referring to the preparation methods of the electrolyte, the cathode material, the anode material and the battery in example 1, except that tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate was used in the same amount in place of bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate during the preparation of the electrolyte; the cell prepared according to this example was designated as S7.
Example 8
Referring to the preparation methods of the electrolyte, the cathode material, the anode material and the battery in example 2, except that tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate was used in the same amount in place of bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate during the preparation of the electrolyte; the cell prepared according to this example was designated as S8.
Example 9
Referring to the preparation methods of the electrolyte, the cathode material, the anode material and the battery in example 3, except that tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate was used in the same amount in place of bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate during the preparation of the electrolyte; the cell prepared according to this example was designated as S9.
Examples 10 to 11
Referring to the preparation methods of the electrolyte, the cathode material, the anode material and the battery in example 1, the difference is that in the preparation process of the electrolyte, the same amount of tert-butyl hydroquinone and 2, 3, 5 trimethylphenol are respectively used to replace 2, 6 di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol; the cells prepared according to this example were designated S10-S11.
Comparative example 3
Referring to the electrolyte, the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material, and the battery manufacturing method of example 1, except that in the electrolyte manufacturing process, Vinylene Carbonate (VC) (commercially available from shandongshi showplace chemical group) was used in the same amount in place of bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate; the cell prepared according to this example was designated as D3.
Performance testing
The lithium ion batteries prepared according to the above examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the following tests:
Normal temperature cycle performance: the battery is arranged on a battery performance tester BS-9300, and is cycled for 200 times at room temperature of 25 ℃ under the conditions of 1C current, 3.6V of upper limit voltage and 2.0V of lower limit voltage, and the ratio of the 200-time discharge capacity to the 1-time discharge capacity is the normal-temperature cycling capacity conservation rate of the battery for 200 times;
Low temperature cycle performance: the battery is placed on a battery performance tester BS-9300, and is cycled for 150 times at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ under the conditions of 0.2C current, 3.6V upper limit voltage and 2.0V lower limit voltage, and the ratio of the 150-time discharge capacity to the 1-time discharge capacity is the low-temperature cycling capacity conservation rate of the battery for 150 times.
High temperature cycle performance: in a 60 ℃ oven, the battery is placed on a battery performance tester BS-9300, the battery is cycled for 200 times under the conditions of 1C current, 3.6V upper limit voltage and 2.0V lower limit voltage, and the ratio of the 200-time discharge capacity to the 1-time discharge capacity is the high-temperature cycling capacity conservation rate of the battery for 200 times.
And (3) testing results: as shown in table 2.
Table 2.
Capacity retention rate at room temperature of 200 times Capacity retention rate at low temperature of 150 times Capacity retention ratio at high temperature of 200 times
S1 99％ 99％ 97％
S2 99％ 99％ 97％
S3 99％ 98％ 96％
S4 99％ 96％ 97％
S5 99％ 95％ 94％
S6 99％ 99％ 89％
S7 98％ 97％ 97％
S8 99％ 98％ 97％
S9 99％ 97％ 97％
S10 99％ 97％ 96％
S11 99％ 97％ 97％
D1 99％ 28％ 92％
D2 99％ 99％ 86％
D3 99％ 23％ 85％
As can be seen from the data in table 2, the batteries S1 to S11 prepared in examples 1 to 11 according to the present invention are improved in both high-temperature capacity retention rate and low-temperature capacity retention rate compared to the comparative examples, and thus it can be seen that the electrolyte for lithium batteries and the lithium ion battery provided by the present invention can improve both low-temperature cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
it should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (19)

1. the lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent and a film-forming additive, and is characterized in that the organic solvent contains tert-butylphenol, the film-forming additive contains a silicon-containing sulfate with a structure shown in a structural formula I, and the structural formula I is as follows:
In the formula I, R1And R2Each independently selected from H, alkyl and trialkylsilyl, and R1And R2At least one of which is a trialkylsilyl group.
2. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the amount of the tert-butylphenol contained in the organic solvent is 0.01 to 0.2% by weight based on 100% by weight of the organic solvent, and the content of the silicon-containing sulfate having the structure represented by formula i in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.5 to 2% by weight.
3. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 2, wherein the amount of the tert-butylphenol contained in the organic solvent is 0.01 to 0.1% by weight based on 100% by weight of the organic solvent, and the content of the silicon-containing sulfate having the structure represented by formula i in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 1 to 2% by weight.
4. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 2 or 3 wherein the weight ratio of the tertiary butyl phenol-containing compound to the silicon-containing sulfate compound having the structure of formula I is 0.01-0.2: 1.
5. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of any of claims 1-3 wherein R in formula I1And R2All are trialkylsilyl groups.
6. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 5 wherein R in formula I1And R2Are all three C1-C4An alkylsilyl group.
7. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 4 wherein R in formula I1And R2All are trialkylsilyl groups.
8. the lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 7 wherein R in formula I1And R2Are all three C1-C4An alkylsilyl group.
9. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 5, wherein the silicon-containing sulfate having the structure shown in formula I is bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate.
10. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of any of claims 6-8, wherein the silicon-containing sulfate having the structure of formula i is bis (trimethylsilyl) sulfate.
11. The lithium-ion battery electrolyte of any of claims 1-3 wherein the tertiary butyl-containing phenol is selected from 2, 6 di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and/or tertiary butyl hydroquinone.
12. The lithium-ion battery electrolyte of claim 4 wherein the tertiary butyl-containing phenol is selected from 2, 6 di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and/or tertiary butyl hydroquinone.
13. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of any of claims 1-3 wherein the organic solvent further comprises an organic solvent other than t-butylphenol, the organic solvent being selected from one or more of γ -butyrolactone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, anhydride, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, acetonitrile, N-dimethylformamide, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl sulfite or other cyclic organic esters containing fluorine, sulfur or unsaturated bonds.
14. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 4 wherein the organic solvent further comprises an organic solvent other than t-butylphenol, the organic solvent being selected from one or more of γ -butyrolactone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, acid anhydride, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, acetonitrile, N-dimethylformamide, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl sulfite, or other cyclic organic esters containing fluorine, sulfur or unsaturated bonds.
15. The electrolyte for a lithium battery according to claim 13, wherein the other organic solvent is at least two solvents.
16. the electrolyte for a lithium battery according to claim 14, wherein the other organic solvent is at least two solvents.
17. The electrolyte for a lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of lithium salt in the electrolyte for a lithium battery is 0.1 to 2 mol/L.
18. The electrolyte for a lithium battery according to claim 4, wherein a content of the lithium salt in the electrolyte for a lithium battery is 0.1 to 2 mol/L.
19. A lithium ion battery comprising an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is the lithium ion battery electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
CN201510964708.3A 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery Active CN106898817B (en)

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