CN106896047A - A kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the experimental rig and method for permeating linearity curve - Google Patents
A kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the experimental rig and method for permeating linearity curve Download PDFInfo
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- CN106896047A CN106896047A CN201710155057.2A CN201710155057A CN106896047A CN 106896047 A CN106896047 A CN 106896047A CN 201710155057 A CN201710155057 A CN 201710155057A CN 106896047 A CN106896047 A CN 106896047A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- HPNSNYBUADCFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromafenozide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C(=O)N(NC(=O)C=2C(=C3CCCOC3=CC=2)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 HPNSNYBUADCFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 84
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the experimental rig and method that permeate linearity curve, device includes ring tool rest bracket, cutting ring frame is fixedly connected with ring tool rest bracket, cutting ring frame inner side is provided with the identical and vertically stacked cutting ring containing soil sample of some sizes, and measurement matric suction filter paper is provided between cutting ring.The cutting ring of the superiors is embedded permeable stone cutting ring, and embedded permeable stone cutting ring is arranged above water system, and water system includes mariotte bottles and water supply graduated cylinder, and water supply graduated cylinder bottom is the pottery clay plates of known infiltration coefficient.Being capable of the complete soil-water characteristic curve of simultaneous determination and infiltration linearity curve using the device；And only less soil sample need to be taken with cutting ring, simple and fast is sampled, and be easy to protection to transport；The disturbance that conventional method middle probe insertion soil sample causes is avoided simultaneously, and because probe main body is external, measurement result is easily disturbed, the big problem of data discrete.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to unsaturated soil soil water characteristic test technical field, it is related to a kind of simultaneous determination unsaturated soil Tu Shuite
Levy the experimental rig and method of curve and infiltration linearity curve.
Background technology
The soil body more than level of ground water is in unsaturated state, and its native water characteristic directly affects its engineering properties.Thus, it is right
The soil-water characteristic curve and infiltration linearity curve of unsaturated soil are quickly and accurately determined, with important engineering significance.
Currently used for simultaneous determination unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve (Soil water characteristic curve,
SWCC) and infiltration linearity curve test method be transient state section soil-column test method.The method is that whole section of earth pillar is embedded in into glass infuser
Interior, one end gives to stablize head, is popped one's head in by equally spacedly inserting one group of moisture meter and suction on earth pillar, determines not in the same time
Moisture content and matric suction can simultaneously try to achieve the native water feature song of the soil body according to the two suite lines for obtaining along the distribution curve of earth pillar
Line and unsaturation infiltration linearity curve.
Existing transient state section soil-column test method has the following disadvantages：The tensometer used in experiment be using atmospheric pressure as
Pneumatic supply, the matric suction scope of measurement is no more than 100kPa, thus is difficult to obtain complete soil-water characteristic curve SWCC and oozes
Permeability curve；Probe insertion process has disturbance to soil sample, and probe body is external, and disturbing factor is more, and reliability is low, the number of measure
It is big according to discreteness；The general a diameter of 30-40cm of the big earth pillar of original state, sampling has difficulties, and transport inconvenience.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, filled with the experiment of infiltration linearity curve the invention provides a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature
Put and test method, solve that prior art determines that curve is imperfect, data discrete is high and experiment soil sample obtains difficult
Problem.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature of the present invention and the experimental rig for permeating linearity curve,
Including ring tool rest bracket, the first cutting ring frame is fixedly connected with the ring tool rest bracket, the first cutting ring frame is semicircular cylinder, institute
State the first cutting ring frame inner side be provided with the identical and stacked cutting ring of some sizes, be provided between each two cutting ring two it is general
Logical filter paper, is provided with measurement matric suction filter paper between two ordinary filter papers, the cutting ring of the superiors is to embed permeable stone ring
Knife, the embedded permeable stone cutting ring is arranged above water system.
First cutting ring frame outside is fixedly connected with the second cutting ring frame, and the second cutting ring frame is semicircular cylinder, and described the
Two cutting ring framves are used to temporarily place weighed cutting ring containing soil sample.
The lateral surface of the first cutting ring frame and the second cutting ring frame is provided with some hooks to for fixing rubber band,
A pair of hooks of each cutting ring correspondence on the first cutting ring frame, the rubber band is used for the ring formed to vertically stacked cutting ring
Tool post is fixed.
The water system includes mariotte bottles and water supply graduated cylinder, and the water supply graduated cylinder is being placed in embedded permeable stone cutting ring just
On top, the mariotte bottles of outer wall indicates scale, is suspended in directly over water supply graduated cylinder, and described mariotte bottles is used to survey
Stabilization head is provided during amount, water supply graduated cylinder bottom is the pottery clay plates of known permeability.
The measurement matric suction filter paper is Whatman No.42 filter paper.
A kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the test method of infiltration linearity curve, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, takes cutting ring sample：The undisturbed soil sample shape of same depth is taken in same sample point with some size identical cutting rings
Into cutting ring containing soil sample, then it is covered each by each upper and lower two face containing soil sample cutting ring a piece of identical with cutting ring bottom surface size
Ordinary filter paper, in order to avoid soil sample measuring contamination matric suction filter paper, cause measurement matric suction filter paper quality to be forbidden；Step 2, dries
Dry and weighing：By the measurement matric suction filter paper of all cutting rings containing soil sample with ordinary filter paper and known calibration curve at 105 DEG C
Dried in~110 DEG C of baking oven, for different classes of native different, fine grained soil drying time is 8h~10h to drying time,
To sandy soil drying time be 6h~8h, by drying after cutting ring containing soil sample and measurement matric suction filter paper be put into it is cold in drier
But 0.5h~1h, then weighs the quality of the cutting ring containing soil sample after cooling and measurement matric suction filter paper, each cutting ring containing soil sample
Or measurement matric suction filter paper weighs time control within 5s；
Step 3, places cutting ring and filter paper：Soil sample cutting ring will be contained successively it will be close to the first cutting ring frame inwall and will be stacked, each two band
The measurement matric suction filter paper of a piece of known calibration curve, all band ordinary filter papers are placed between the cutting ring containing soil sample of ordinary filter paper
Cutting ring containing soil sample and measurement matric suction filter paper is stacked forms earth pillar, topmost one layer of top of cutting ring containing soil sample place it is same greatly
Small embedded permeable stone cutting ring, the permeable stone shifts to an earlier date saturation, to ensure that water is uniformly infiltrated from soil sample surface, then uses rubber band
Fixed earth pillar；
Step 4, seeps water to earth pillar：After earth pillar is fixed, water system is placed, water system is graduated by marking
Mariotte bottles constitutes with water supply graduated cylinder, and mariotte bottles provides stabilization head, and water supply graduated cylinder bottom is the pottery of known permeability
, during experiment, be placed in water supply graduated cylinder on embedded permeable stone cutting ring first, then by the mariotte bottles of water of the amount of reordering, be suspended from by native plate
Water supply graduated cylinder top, the height of mariotte bottles of regulation after head stabilization, starts to be supplied water to earth pillar；
Step 5, weighs：After water supply start, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of mariotte bottles of observation, when often infiltrating 50ml, mariotte
Bottle water level decreasing certain altitude, now pause supply water, by with ordinary filter paper cutting ring containing soil sample with determine matric suction filter paper from
Quality is quickly removed and weighed under up to, during the weighing of each cutting ring containing soil sample with ordinary filter paper or measure matric suction filter paper
Between control within 5s, weighing quickly puts back to original position after finishing, and continues to supply water, until when wetted front reaches earth pillar bottom, experiment
Stop；
Step 6, data processing：Due to each cutting ring quality, it is known that according to it is measured with ordinary filter paper containing soil sample
The quality of cutting ring or measure matric suction filter paper calculates Water Content Tests in Soil Samples and filter paper moisture content, and earth pillar is drawn according to Water Content Tests in Soil Samples
In porous media curve not in the same time, corresponding matric suction is checked according to filter paper moisture content, draw earth pillar when different
The matric suction distribution curve at quarter, earth pillar diverse location moisture content and corresponding base not in the same time is obtained according to the two curves
Matter suction, so as to draw soil-water characteristic curve；
Determine that soil sample permeates linearity curve by transient state profile method, when moisture content and matric suction according to soil sample obtain different
The moisture content section at quarter and head section, the flow of intervals can be calculated according to moisture content section, so as to draw certain
The flow velocity at one moment, hydraulic gradient can be obtained according to head section, and further according to Darcy's law, the ratio between flow velocity and hydraulic gradient are i.e.
It is infiltration coefficient, the matric suction drawn not in the same time is bent with infiltration coefficient relation with infiltration coefficient relation curve or moisture content
The infiltration linearity curve of line, i.e. soil sample.
In step 2, each is weighed with ordinary filter paper cutting ring containing soil sample quality with electronic balance, is accurate to 0.01g, with point
Analysis balance weighs the every quality of measurement matric suction filter paper, is accurate to 0.0001g.
Whole process of the test is carried out under constant temperature, and indoor temperature change generated in case is no more than 2 DEG C, and experimental rig is placed in insulating box
Inside operated, temperature change is no more than 0.2 DEG C in insulating box.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has following beneficial technique effect, a kind of joint that the present invention is provided
Native water feature and the experimental rig of infiltration linearity curve are determined, the native water feature and permeability of soil sample can be simultaneously determined using the present apparatus
Curve, the present apparatus includes cutting ring frame and the water system being arranged on above earth pillar, and cutting ring frame madial wall is provided with some vertical folded
The cutting ring put, is provided with two ordinary filter papers between cutting ring, the filter paper of measurement matric suction is provided between two ordinary filter papers,
Core cutter method can accurately measure soil's water content, and the scope that filter paper method determines matric suction is unrestricted, is tried using the present apparatus
Testing can obtain complete soil-water characteristic curve SWCC and infiltration linearity curve, and the present apparatus is only needed using stacked cutting ring structure
Less soil sample is taken with cutting ring, the diameter of a diameter of cutting ring of soil sample samples simple and fast, and is easy to protection to transport, profit
Probe need not be used when being tested with the present apparatus, it is to avoid probe insertion process has disturbance, and probe to soil sample
Main body is external, and disturbing factor is more, and reliability is low, the big problem of the data discrete of measure.
Further, the first cutting ring frame outside is fixedly connected with the second cutting ring frame, and the second cutting ring frame is semicircular cylinder, the second ring
Knife rest is used to temporarily place weighed cutting ring containing soil sample, easy to operate, can effectively prevent in process of the test because containing soil
The cutting ring of sample is at will placed and causes soil sample to pollute, and then causes measurement result not accurate enough.
Further, the lateral surface of the first cutting ring frame and the second cutting ring frame is provided with some to for fixing rubber band
Hook, a pair of the hooks of each cutting ring correspondence on the first cutting ring frame, rubber band is used for the cutting ring formed to vertically stacked cutting ring
Post is fixed, and prevents process of the test middle ring tool post from collapsing.
Further, water system includes mariotte bottles and water supply graduated cylinder, and water supply graduated cylinder is placed in embedded permeable stone cutting ring
On surface, mariotte bottles of outer wall indicates scale, is suspended in directly over water supply graduated cylinder, and mariotte bottles is used in measurement process
Middle to provide stabilization head, water supply graduated cylinder bottom is the pottery clay plates of known permeability, and the pottery clay plates (3) penetrate into soil for controlling water
The speed of sample, head flow is convenient to be controlled, in order to avoid current are too fast being overflowed from soil sample top, can be obtained more continuous along earth pillar
Moisture content or suction change curve.
Further, measurement matric suction filter paper is Whatman No.42 filter paper, and filter paper demarcates accurate, and test result can
Lean on.
A kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the test method of infiltration linearity curve, stabilization and water are provided using mariotte bottles
Suitable head is measured, it is using some size identical cutting ring sample samples and general with standard cutting ring bottom surface formed objects with two panels
Logical upper and lower surfaces of the filter paper covering containing soil sample cutting ring, accompany measurement matric suction filter paper, using filter between two ordinary filter papers
Paper method determines the matric suction of various location soil sample, it is to avoid the soil sample that probe causes is inserted in existing method and is disturbed.
Further, in step 2, each quality containing soil sample cutting ring is weighed with electronic balance, is accurate to 0.01g.Due to
Filter paper quality is small, and mass change is also relatively small, therefore required precision is high.To improve the accuracy of experimental result, this experiment choosing
Select and weigh every filter paper quality with assay balance, be accurate to 0.0001g.
Further, whole process of the test should be carried out under constant temperature, and indoor temperature change generated in case is no more than 2 DEG C, experiment dress
It is placed in insulating box and is operated, temperature change is no more than 0.2 DEG C in insulating box, prevents due to the filter paper that temperature change causes
The change of water absorption, and then improve result of the test card accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is experimental rig general structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is experimental rig top view (being free of water system)；
Fig. 3 is the folder filter paper schematic diagram of cutting ring containing soil sample；
Fig. 4 a are the soil-water characteristic curve SWCC that this experimental rig and method are determined；
Fig. 4 b are the unsaturation infiltration linearity curve that this experimental rig and method are determined；
Fig. 5 a are the soil-water characteristic curve SWCC that traditional transient state section soil-column test method is determined；
Fig. 5 b are the unsaturation infiltration linearity curve that traditional transient state section soil-column test method is determined；
In accompanying drawing：Ith, water system, II, cutting ring post, 1, mariotte bottles, 2, water supply graduated cylinder, 3, pottery clay plates, 4, embedded saturating
Water stone ring knife, 5, cutting ring containing soil sample, 7, ring tool rest bracket, 8, cutting ring frame, the 81, first cutting ring frame, the 82, second cutting ring frame, 9, hang
Hook, 10, cutting ring, 11, soil sample, 12, ordinary filter paper, 13, measurement matric suction filter paper.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Reference picture 1, a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the experimental rig for permeating linearity curve, including ring tool rest bracket 7, ring
Cutting ring frame 8 is fixedly connected with tool rest bracket 7, base is all lucite and is made with cutting ring frame, and cutting ring frame 8 connects including the back of the body and forms
The first cutting ring frame 81 and the second cutting ring frame 82, the first cutting ring frame 81 and the second cutting ring frame 82 be contour and be semi-circular cylindrical,
The inner side of one cutting ring frame 81 is provided with the identical and vertically stacked cutting ring 10 of some sizes, the first cutting ring frame 81 and the second cutting ring frame 82
External diameter matched with the external diameter of cutting ring 10, vertically stacked to form cutting ring post II containing cutting ring 10, the cutting ring of the superiors is embedded saturating
Water stone ring knife 4, is used to ensure that water is uniformly infiltrated from soil sample surface, and cutting ring post II is arranged above water system I, cutting ring 10 it
Between be in close contact, the second cutting ring frame 82 is used to place weighed cutting ring containing soil sample 5.
Water system I is used to be provided to soil sample in process of the test the head of stabilization, and water system I includes that mark is graduated
Mariotte bottles 1 and water supply graduated cylinder 2, water supply graduated cylinder 2 are placed in directly over embedded permeable stone cutting ring 4, and mariotte bottles 1 is suspended from water supply
Directly over graduated cylinder 2, mariotte bottles 1 provides stabilization head in measurement process, and the bottom of water supply graduated cylinder 2 is the pottery of known permeability
Native plate 3, for controlling water to penetrate into the speed of soil sample, in order to avoid current are too fast overflowed from earth pillar top.
Reference picture 2, cutting ring frame 8 is " x " shape from terms of top view, and the lateral surface of the first cutting ring frame 81 and the second cutting ring frame 82 is equal
Some hooks 9 to for fixing rubber band are provided with, a pair of the hooks 9 of each cutting ring 10 correspondence on the first cutting ring frame 81, rubber
Rubber band is used to be fixed whole cutting ring post II, and earth pillar collapses in preventing experimentation.
Reference picture 3, is provided with two ordinary filter papers 12, between two ordinary filter papers 12 between each two cutting ring containing soil sample 5
The filter paper 13 of measurement matric suction is provided with, the cutting ring lower section of whole earth pillar bottommost only sets one layer of ordinary filter paper 12, in order to avoid
Soil sample 11 contacts soil sample 11 of making dirty with ring tool rest bracket 7.
Cutting ring 10 can use existing common cutting ring, diameter 79.8mm, height 20mm in this experiment.
A kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and the test method of infiltration linearity curve, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, takes cutting ring sample：The undisturbed soil of same depth is taken in same sample point using some an equal amount of cutting rings 10
Sample is some, and after the soil sampling of cutting ring 10, soil sample 11 is stayed in cutting ring 10, is formed cutting ring containing soil sample 5, then contains soil sample at each
Upper and lower two faces of cutting ring 5 are covered each by the ordinary filter paper 12 with the bottom surface formed objects of cutting ring 10, in order to avoid soil sample measuring contamination base
Matter suction filter paper 13, causes the mass of measurement matric suction filter paper 13 to be forbidden.
Step 2, drying and weighing：By the measurement of all cutting rings containing soil sample with ordinary filter paper 12 5 and known calibration curve
Matric suction filter paper 13 is dried in 105~110 DEG C of baking oven, and drying time is directed to different classes of native different, particulate
Native drying time is 8h~10h, and sandy soil drying time is 6h~8h.Cutting ring containing soil sample 5 and measurement matrix after by drying are inhaled
Power filter paper 13 is put into cooling 0.5h~1h in drier, rapid weighing after cooling, each cutting ring containing soil sample 5 or measurement matric suction
Filter paper 13 weighs time control within 5s, and the matter of each cutting ring containing soil sample with ordinary filter paper 12 5 is weighed with electronic balance
Amount, is accurate to 0.01g, and the every quality of measurement matric suction filter paper 13 is weighed with assay balance, is accurate to 0.0001g, this examination
Test middle measurement matric suction filter paper 13 and select Whatman No.42 filter paper produced in USA, demarcate accurate, reliable test result,
General in the world, its calibration curve uses the calibration result of Leong (2011).
Step 3, places cutting ring and filter paper：Soil sample cutting ring 5 will be contained successively it will be close to the inwall of the first cutting ring frame 81 and will be stacked, each two
Place the measurement matric suction filter paper 13 of a piece of known calibration curve between cutting ring 5 containing soil sample, all cutting rings 5 with soil sample and
Measurement matric suction filter paper 13 is stacked to form earth pillar, and topmost onesize embedded permeable stone cutting ring 4 is placed in one layer of cutting ring top
(permeable stone shifts to an earlier date saturation, to ensure that water is uniformly infiltrated from the surface of soil sample 11), then fixes earth pillar with rubber band.
Step 4, seeps water to earth pillar：After earth pillar is fixed, you can place water system I.Water system is graduated by marking
Constituted with water supply graduated cylinder 2 for mariotte bottles 1, mariotte bottles 1 provides stabilization head, and the bottom of water supply graduated cylinder 2 is known permeability
Pottery clay plates 3, for controlling water to penetrate into the speed of soil sample, in order to avoid current are too fast overflowed from soil sample top, during experiment, first will be for
Water cylinder 2 is placed on embedded permeable stone cutting ring 4, then by the mariotte bottles of water of 1 amount of reordering, is suspended from the top of graduated cylinder 2, regulation
Mariotte bottles 1 of height, after head stabilization, starts to be supplied water to earth pillar.
Step 5, weighs：After water supply start, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION that mariotte bottles 1 of observation, when often infiltrating 50ml, mariotte
1 water level decreasing certain altitude of bottle, now pause is supplied water, by the cutting ring containing soil sample with ordinary filter paper 12 5 and measure matric suction filter
Paper 13 is quickly removed and weighs quality from top to bottom, and each cutting ring containing soil sample with ordinary filter paper 12 5 or measure matric suction are filtered
The weighing time control of paper 13 is within 5s.Original position is quickly put back in weighing after finishing, continue to supply water, until wetted front reaches earth pillar
During bottom, stop experiment.Note：Whole process of the test should be carried out under constant temperature, and indoor temperature change generated in case is no more than 2 DEG C；Examination
Experiment device need to be placed in operation in insulating box, and temperature change is no more than 0.2 DEG C in insulating box.
Step 6, data processing：Because the quality of each cutting ring 10 is, it is known that according to measured containing with ordinary filter paper 12
The quality of soil sample cutting ring 5 or measure matric suction filter paper 13 can calculate Water Content Tests in Soil Samples and the moisture content of filter paper 13, according to soil
Sample moisture content draws earth pillar in porous media curve not in the same time.Obtained checking in corresponding matrix suction according to filter paper moisture content
Power, can equally draw earth pillar in matric suction distribution curve not in the same time.Earth pillar diverse location is obtained according to the two curves
Moisture content and corresponding matric suction not in the same time, so as to draw soil-water characteristic curve；
Can determine that soil sample permeates linearity curve by transient state profile method, moisture content and matric suction according to soil sample can be obtained
To moisture content section not in the same time and head section.The flow of intervals can be calculated according to moisture content section, from
And the flow velocity at a certain moment is drawn, and hydraulic gradient can be obtained according to head section, further according to Darcy's law, flow velocity and hydraulic gradient
The ratio between degree is infiltration coefficient.Draw matric suction and infiltration coefficient relation curve or moisture content and infiltration coefficient not in the same time
The infiltration linearity curve of relation curve, i.e. soil sample.
Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) are respectively soil-water characteristic curve and the Shan of the Inner Mongol Wulate Middle Banner sand of present invention measure
The unsaturation infiltration linearity curve of western Jingyang loess, as seen from the figure, the matric suction scope that this method is determined is 1~1 ×
105KPa, has obtained more complete soil-water characteristic curve SWCC and infiltration coefficient curve.Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) is Wang Hong etc.
(2014) soil-water characteristic curve and infiltration coefficient curve determined using traditional transient state section soil-column test method, it can be seen that
Limited by tensometer measurement range, its abscissa matric suction is up to 100kPa, it is impossible to represent complete native water feature bent
Line and infiltration coefficient curve.The method itself is also received when Qin little Hua etc. (2017) is using traditional one-dimensional earth pillar permeability intensity method
The restriction of defect, it is impossible to represent complete native water feature and infiltration coefficient curve.
Claims (8)
1. the experimental rig of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and infiltration linearity curve, it is characterised in that including ring tool rest bracket
(7) the first cutting ring frame (81), is fixedly connected with the ring tool rest bracket (7), the first cutting ring frame (81) is semicircular cylinder, institute
State the first cutting ring frame (81) inner side and be provided with the identical and stacked cutting ring of some sizes (10), between each two cutting ring (10)
Two ordinary filter papers (12) are provided with, measurement matric suction filter paper (13) are provided between two ordinary filter papers (12), most
The cutting ring on upper strata is embedded permeable stone cutting ring (4), and the embedded permeable stone cutting ring (4) is arranged above water system (I).
2. the experimental rig of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature according to claim 1 and infiltration linearity curve, its feature exists
In, the first cutting ring frame (81) outside is fixedly connected with the second cutting ring frame (82), and the second cutting ring frame (82) is semicircular cylinder,
The second cutting ring frame (82) is for temporarily placing weighed cutting ring containing soil sample (5).
3. the experimental rig of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature according to claim 2 and infiltration linearity curve, its feature exists
In the lateral surface of the first cutting ring frame (81) and the second cutting ring frame (82) is provided with some extensions to for fixing rubber band
Hook (9), a pair of the hooks (9) of each cutting ring (10) correspondence on the first cutting ring frame (81), the rubber band is used for vertical
The cutting ring post (II) that stacked cutting ring (10) is formed is fixed.
4. the experimental rig of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature according to claim 1 and infiltration linearity curve, its feature exists
In the water system (I) includes mariotte bottles (1) and water supply graduated cylinder (2), and the water supply graduated cylinder (2) is placed in embedded permeable
On stone ring knife (4) surface, described mariotte bottles (1) outer wall indicates scale, is suspended in directly over water supply graduated cylinder (2), described
Mariotte bottles (1), for providing stabilization head in measurement process, water supply graduated cylinder (2) bottom is the pottery clay plates of known permeability
(3), the pottery clay plates (3) are for controlling water to penetrate into the speed of soil sample.
5. the experimental rig of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature according to claim 1 and infiltration linearity curve, its feature exists
In measurement matric suction filter paper (13) is Whatman No.42 filter paper.
6. the test method of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature and infiltration linearity curve, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, takes cutting ring sample：The undisturbed soil sample shape of same depth is taken in same sample point with some size identical cutting rings (10)
Into cutting ring containing soil sample (5), then a piece of and cutting ring (10) bottom is covered each by upper and lower two faces of each cutting ring containing soil sample (5)
Face size identical ordinary filter paper (12)；
Step 2, drying and weighing：By the measurement of all cutting rings containing soil sample (5) with ordinary filter paper (12) and known calibration curve
Matric suction filter paper (13) is dried in 105 DEG C~110 DEG C of baking oven, drying time for different classes of native different,
Fine grained soil drying time be 8h~10h, to sandy soil drying time be 6h~8h, by drying after cutting ring containing soil sample (5) and survey
Amount matric suction filter paper (13) is put into cooling 0.5h~1h in drier, then weighs the cutting ring containing soil sample (5) after cooling and surveys
The time control of weighing of the quality of amount matric suction filter paper (13), each cutting ring containing soil sample (5) or measurement matric suction filter paper (13)
System is within 5s；
Step 3, places cutting ring and filter paper：To contain soil sample cutting ring (5) be successively close to first cutting ring frame (81) inwall be stacked, each two
Measurement matric suction filter paper (13) of a piece of known calibration curve is placed between cutting ring containing soil sample (5) with ordinary filter paper (12),
All cutting rings containing soil sample (5) with ordinary filter paper (12) and measurement matric suction filter paper (13) are stacked and form earth pillar, the top one
Onesize and embedded permeable stone cutting ring (4) is placed in layer cutting ring containing soil sample (5) top, and the permeable stone shifts to an earlier date saturation, Ran Houyong
Rubber band fixes earth pillar；
Step 4, seeps water to earth pillar：After earth pillar is fixed, water system (I) is placed, the water system (I) is graduated by marking
Mariotte bottles (1) constitutes with water supply graduated cylinder (2), and mariotte bottles (1) provides stabilization head, and water supply graduated cylinder (2) bottom is for
Know the pottery clay plates (3) of permeability, during experiment, water supply graduated cylinder (2) is placed on embedded permeable stone cutting ring (4) first, then will
The mariotte bottles of water of (1) amount of reordering, is suspended from water supply graduated cylinder (2) top, adjusts the mariotte bottles of height of (1), head stabilization
Afterwards, start to be supplied water to earth pillar；
Step 5, weighs：After water supply start, the mariotte bottles of SEA LEVEL VARIATION of (1), when often infiltrating 50ml, mariotte bottles are observed
(1) water level decreasing certain altitude, now pause is supplied water, and cutting ring containing soil sample (5) that will be with ordinary filter paper (12) is inhaled with matrix is determined
Power filter paper (13) is quickly removed and weighs quality from top to bottom, each cutting ring containing soil sample (5) with ordinary filter paper (12) or determine
Within 5s, original position is quickly put back in weighing to the weighing time control of matric suction filter paper (13) after finishing, and continues to supply water, until wet
When profit peak reaches earth pillar bottom, experiment stops；
Step 6, data processing：Due to the quality of each cutting ring (10), it is known that containing according to measured band ordinary filter paper (12)
The quality of soil sample cutting ring (5) or measure matric suction filter paper (13) calculates Water Content Tests in Soil Samples and filter paper (13) moisture content, according to soil
Sample moisture content draws earth pillar in porous media curve not in the same time, checks in corresponding matrix according to filter paper (13) moisture content and inhales
Power, draws earth pillar in matric suction distribution curve not in the same time, when obtaining earth pillar diverse location difference according to the two curves
The moisture content at quarter and corresponding matric suction, so as to draw soil-water characteristic curve；
Determine that soil sample permeates linearity curve by transient state profile method, moisture content and matric suction according to soil sample are obtained not in the same time
Moisture content section and head section, the flow of intervals can be calculated according to moisture content section, so as to draw certain for the moment
The flow velocity at quarter, hydraulic gradient can be obtained according to head section, and further according to Darcy's law, the ratio between flow velocity and hydraulic gradient are oozes
Saturating coefficient, draws matric suction and infiltration coefficient relation curve or moisture content and infiltration coefficient relation curve not in the same time, i.e.,
The infiltration linearity curve of soil sample.
7. the test method of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature according to claim 6 and infiltration linearity curve, its feature exists
In, in step 2, each cutting ring containing soil sample (5) quality with ordinary filter paper (12) is weighed with electronic balance, 0.01g is accurate to, use
Assay balance weighs the every quality of measurement matric suction filter paper (13), is accurate to 0.0001g.
8. the test method of a kind of simultaneous determination soil water feature according to claim 6 and infiltration linearity curve, its feature exists
In whole process of the test is carried out under constant temperature, and indoor temperature change generated in case is no more than 2 DEG C, and experimental rig is placed in insulating box
Row operation, temperature change is no more than 0.2 DEG C in insulating box.
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