CN106890407A - A kind of comprehensive processing method of utilization solid waste coal ash prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and a dirt - Google Patents
A kind of comprehensive processing method of utilization solid waste coal ash prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and a dirt Download PDFInfo
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- CN106890407A CN106890407A CN201710037961.3A CN201710037961A CN106890407A CN 106890407 A CN106890407 A CN 106890407A CN 201710037961 A CN201710037961 A CN 201710037961A CN 106890407 A CN106890407 A CN 106890407A
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- flyash
- hillock
- gangue
- coal ash
- solid waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/04—Removing or cutting-off the supply of inflammable material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
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- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of utilization solid waste coal ash prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and plays the comprehensive processing method of dirt, including：（1）By Fine Coal Ash Dumping on hillock, slot of the flyash between gangue is set to pour into hillock, untill filling；（2）The flyash on top layer is solidified using hardening agent.The method of spontaneous combus tion of waste heap is prevented compared to other, the present invention is using the solid waste coal ash of steam power plant coal-burning boiler generation as main material, make in its discharge hillock air between gangue, the flyash on hillock surface and gangue are formed into cured layer with hardening agent, separate the entrance of air, prevent the erosion of wind and rain.Do so is not only effectively utilized solid waste flyash, solves stacking, the storage problem of flyash, also effectively prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue hill, plays dirt, the zonal solid waste comprehensive regulation is realized, with great dissemination.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environmental improvement, and in particular to one kind prevents spontaneous combus tion of waste heap using solid waste coal ash
With the comprehensive processing method for playing dirt.
Background technology
Gangue is coal association barren rock, is the solid waste discharged during driving, exploitation and coal washing, and hillock is
Piled up by this kind of solid waste and formed.Gangue is the mixture of carbonaceous, shale and arenaceous shale, with low heating value, its
Chemical composition is more complicated, comprising element can up to tens of kinds, typically with carbon, silicon, aluminium, iron as main component, differently
The spoil in area is by variety classes mineral composition, and its content difference is also very greatly different.Gangue yield account for coal production 10%~
15%, and the expansion with China's scale of economic development and the continuous growth to energy demand, and coal reserves subtracts year by year
The continuous improvement of few and yield, gangue accounts for the ratio of coal production in continuous ascendant trend, the discharge of the annual gangue of China
Amount up to 1.5 × 108T, takes up an area 4.8 × 105m2, thousands of hillocks of size have been formed, add up volume of cargo in storage up to 5.0 × 109T,
Take up an area nearly 2.0 × 108m2, the hillock in the existing whole nation about 1/3 burns.
The spontaneous combustion of hillock is mainly the spontaneous combustion for being mixed in spoil inside coal, and wherein oxidizer is the oxygen in air, mainly
Aggregation and the supplement of outside air from air when toppling over material.British Plolt and Berzelius propose yellow iron at first
Ore deposit inducement theory, spontaneous combustion mechanism is the pyrite in coal（FeS2）Interacted with moisture content and oxygen in air, hair
Give birth to exothermic reaction and cause, it is as follows：
2FeS2+2H2O+7O2→2FeSO4+2H2SO4+Q1 ①
12FeSO4+6H2O+3O2→4Fe2(SO4)3+4Fe(OH)3+Q2 ②
Fe2(SO4)3+FeS2+2H2O+3O2→3FeSO4+2H2SO4+Q3 ③
3. 2. 1. reaction be exothermic reaction, and thermal accumlation is generated by initial low temperature, and temperature is increased, the active group of coal
Group and free radical can chemically react under relatively low temperature, produce substantial amounts of heat, then with the macromolecular substances of composition coal
Reaction produces more living radicals, cracks out more activity organic molecules, such as：CO、CH4、C2H4、C2H6、C3H8Deng,
These small-molecule substances have activity higher.Pyrite（FeS2）Oxidation have spalling and fluffing action to coal body, cause cash
Stone body crack expands, increases, the crushing that bulk gradually becomes, and causes specific surface area to increase, and air contact area is bigger, so cash
The spontaneous combustion of stone is caused by the coal in system.Additionally, also bacterium inducement theory, phenolic group inducement theory, coal oxidation it is theoretical,
The Free Radical theory of coal spontaneous combustion, hydrogen original work theory, coal hole group effect theory, microstructure of coal and group component matter are poor
Different theory of spontaneous combustion etc., it is above-mentioned no matter which kind of theory or theory, the participation of oxygen is required in the spontaneous combustion process of coal, thus reduce
Contact of the air with coal, prevents hillock inner air from occurring frequently replacing, and is the deciding factor for preventing gangue spontaneous combustion.
Mine both at home and abroad at present and washing process in the spoil discharged throw aside mostly in gully, the band of level land one, mostly for a long time
Stack, gangue in lifting, transport, in stacking process, gangue by the natural conditions such as rain, wind erosion, gradually efflorescence, carefully
Little particle dust to form airborne dust under certain wind speed by blowing afloat.Contain many harmful heavy metal units in gangue dust
Plain compound and fine coal, if being suspended in air with the wind, have not only broken up the greenhouse effects of air, weather occur abnormal, and
And largely disperse, the dust that is suspended in air is sucked by human body, and greatly harm will be brought to health.Gangue from
Combustion not only discharges the pernicious gases such as substantial amounts of CO, CO2, SO2, H2S, NOX, CMHN, while adjoint in the presence of vapours
Substantial amounts of smoke emission in atmosphere, the severe contamination atmospheric environment in mining area and surrounding area.Usual hillock gangue
The concentration of emission that region SO2, CO, H2S, NOX of spontaneous combustion occur is average daily exceeded up to more than 10 times.Therefore mining area atmospheric environment is caused
Even there is workman's breathing poisoning and go into a coma or even dead in quality severe exacerbation, breathing problem prevalence, the serious mining area of partial contamination
The accident died.Gangue penetrates into underground through the acid water containing harmful heavy metal ion that rain leaching is formed, can be serious
Pollute surface water, underground water and the soil of mining area and surrounding enviroment.Additionally, also resulting in mining area, nearby trees are withered, crops
The underproduction, ecological environment is seriously damaged.
For the coal gangue hill of in heaps but non-spontaneous combustion, most conventional way is just turned off the air led to inside hillock
Passage.In hillock, bottom covering loess and be compacted, or with the cementation solidifying that is in the milk.Mortar gunite method can whitewash with discharge refuse, use
After lime slurry sprays layer by layer, in the surface earthing of coal gangue hill, afforestation after compacting so can thoroughly eliminate gangue
The possibility of the spontaneous combustion on mountain.Realize that above-mentioned Normal practice is not easy thing, first loess as resource, it is necessary to put into
Substantial contribution is bought from mining area periphery, transport；Other lime is also valuable source, using lime white as main raw material(s) to spoil
It is all than larger that mountain is whitewashed from the point of view of the usage amount or operation difficulty of fund；In general, although can be to cash
Certain inhibitory action is played in the spontaneous combustion of tor, but from the point of view of the human and material resources and financial resources of input, the solution exists all
Many unfavorable factors.
Flyash, is catching is got off from the flue gas after coal combustion fine ash, and flyash is the main of coal-burning power plant's discharge
Solid waste.The oxide composition of power plants flyash is SiO2、Al2O3And a small amount of FeO, Fe2O3, CaO etc., flyash
One of larger industrial residue of the current discharge capacity of China, with the development of power industry, the flyash discharge capacity of coal-burning power plant by
Year increases.Nineteen ninety-five flyash discharge capacity is about 1.5 hundred million tons in 2000 up to 1.25 hundred million tons, and 300,000,000 tons, 2013 were reached by 2010
Year, China's discharge fine coal ash quantity reaches 5.2 hundred million tons.Often storing up 10,000 tons of flyash needs to take 1 mu of ground, often processes 1 ton of flyash
The expense of needs is about 15~20 yuan.This nonproductive land occupation directly results in great land resource and wastes and pass through
Ji loss.Substantial amounts of flyash is untreated, will produce airborne dust, the problems such as pollution air.
The patented technology of the spontaneous combustion of existing preventing and treating coal gangue hill mainly has following several：
Patented technology 1：《A kind of sustained release combined oxidation inhibitor and amount of application for preventing gangue spontaneous combustion》Publication number：CN
104027912
Patented technology 2：《Anti- autoignition composition and application thereof and preparation method and the method for suppressing coal and gangue spontaneous combustion》
Publication number：CN 105419516；
Patented technology 3：《A kind of method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue hill》Publication number：CN 104492004
Patented technology 4：《A kind of combined oxidation inhibitor and amount of application for preventing gangue spontaneous combustion》Publication number：CN 104027913
Above-mentioned several patented technologies are mainly from the stacking mode of fire retardant mechanism and spoil to describe the problem in the process implemented
, theoretically or in practical application all have some limitations；It is for example simple to spraying crust class on spoil
Retardant, because spoil is block, it is impossible to form insulating course well, can only form thin layer, not on spoil surface
Spontaneous combustion can well be suppressed.
Flyash and gangue are that two big solid pollutant discharge capacities are big, it is wide, seriously polluted to take up an area, administer difficult, if respectively
Administering needs a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome existing defect, there is provided one kind utilizes solid waste coal ash
The comprehensive processing method of prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and a dirt.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of comprehensive processing method of utilization solid waste coal ash prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and a dirt, including：
（1）By Fine Coal Ash Dumping on hillock, slot of the flyash between gangue is poured into hillock, fill for
Only；
（2）The flyash on top layer is solidified using hardening agent.
Preferably, the hardening agent be Aqueous Polyurethane Adhesives, propyl benzene emulsion, Sodium Polyacrylate, cross linked polyacrylate-
Styrene, quick lime, calcium hydroxide and/or gypsum.
Step（2）Can be by the mode that the flyash on top layer solidifies using hardening agent：By by the aqueous solution of hardening agent
Fine coal gray surface is sprayed at, or hardening agent is mixed in the flyash on top layer and then is sprinkled water.
The consumption of hardening agent can make the hardened solidification of top layer flyash, general consumption can in more than 0.3wt%, according to
Hardened solidification effect can suitably increase usage amount, such as more than 3%.
Conventional gangue is bulk, and flyash is superfine powdery and with preferable mobility, and flyash is fallen
Using flyash itself there is good fluidity it is poured into hillock on hillock, to be expelled from hillock internal interstices
In the air that is mixed into and occupy the useful space, prevent being again introduced into for air, superficial layer hardening agent makes flyash and gangue
Unified rigid shell is formed, do so not only prevents inner air and outer air alternately and repeatedly, also prevents the natural climates pair such as wind, rain
The erosion of spoil, so as to effectively suppress spontaneous combus tion of waste heap, play a series of environmental issues such as dirt.
The method of spontaneous combus tion of waste heap is prevented compared to other, coal field typically can all set up large-scale thermal power machine group, this
Invention can gather materials on the spot, and so not only effectively administer solid waste flyash, also administered gangue spontaneous combustion, played dirt.The present invention " with
Useless system is useless ", using an expense for solid waste is administered, two kinds of Industrial Solid Wastes is obtained the comprehensive regulation, not only realize that " two expenses are returned
One ", and the land resource shared by flyash is saved, realizes the comprehensive regulation of solid waste.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
For existing hillock, first by Fine Coal Ash Dumping on hillock, fill slot of the flyash between gangue
Enter hillock, untill filling, then topple over and be mixed with 1% or so quick lime and the flyash of calcium hydroxide as superficial layer, superficial layer
Spray water operation is carried out, water is effectively impregnated with the flyash for being mixed with hardening agent, spontaneous curing.
Embodiment 2
For existing hillock, first by Fine Coal Ash Dumping on hillock, fill slot of the flyash between gangue
Enter hillock, untill filling, spraying operation then is carried out to top layer flyash with Aqueous Polyurethane Adhesives solution, to flyash
Moistening, spontaneous curing.
Embodiment 3
For existing heap hillock, gangue is first toppled over, after bastard coal clitter to certain altitude, then by Fine Coal Ash Dumping in hillock
On, slot of the flyash between gangue is poured into hillock, untill filling, with sodium polyacrylate solution to top layer fine coal
Ash carries out spraying operation, to flyash moistening, spontaneous curing.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention,
Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for a person skilled in the art, it still may be used
Modified with to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic.
All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made etc., should be included in of the invention
Within protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of utilization solid waste coal ash is prevented spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and plays the comprehensive processing method of dirt, including：
（1）By Fine Coal Ash Dumping on hillock, slot of the flyash between gangue is poured into hillock, fill for
Only；
（2）The flyash on top layer is solidified using hardening agent.
2. comprehensive processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hardening agent is aqueous polyurethane gluing
Agent, propyl benzene emulsion, Sodium Polyacrylate, cross linked polyacrylate-styrene, quick lime, calcium hydroxide and/or gypsum.
3. comprehensive processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Using hardening agent by the powder on top layer
Coal ash solidification mode be：Fine coal gray surface is sprayed at by by the aqueous solution of hardening agent, or is mixed in the flyash on top layer
Enter hardening agent and then sprinkle water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710037961.3A CN106890407A (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | A kind of comprehensive processing method of utilization solid waste coal ash prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and a dirt |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710037961.3A CN106890407A (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | A kind of comprehensive processing method of utilization solid waste coal ash prevention spontaneous combus tion of waste heap and a dirt |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111715662A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Spontaneous combustion preventing treatment method for gangue |
| CN112604202A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-06 | 中煤地质集团有限公司 | Spontaneous combustion waste rock hill comprehensive treatment method |
| CN113756866A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-07 | 中北大学 | Construction parameter determination method for independently adopting coal ash as coal gangue dump covering layer |
| CN114588579A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-07 | 西安科技大学 | Method for passivating metals in heavy metal abnormal coal gangue by using solid passivator |
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| CN1907518A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-02-07 | 西安森兰科贸有限责任公司 | Thickening colloid for coal bed fire hazard treating |
| CN1931397A (en) * | 2006-10-09 | 2007-03-21 | 西安森兰科贸有限责任公司 | Compound colloid for treating coal bed fire |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111715662A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Spontaneous combustion preventing treatment method for gangue |
| CN112604202A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-06 | 中煤地质集团有限公司 | Spontaneous combustion waste rock hill comprehensive treatment method |
| CN113756866A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-07 | 中北大学 | Construction parameter determination method for independently adopting coal ash as coal gangue dump covering layer |
| CN114588579A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-07 | 西安科技大学 | Method for passivating metals in heavy metal abnormal coal gangue by using solid passivator |
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Application publication date: 20170627 |