CN106886417A - A kind of universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification - Google Patents
A kind of universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification, the method includes：Pre-treatment step, canonical example generation step, canonical example verification step, result screening step.Wherein, pre-treatment step is realized carrying out journal file dividing processing, obtains the event sets occurred in daily record, and collect appearance positional information of these events in daily record；Canonical example generation step, using the specification masks of input, with reference to the event sets in daily record, generates specific linear temporal canonical example.Canonical example checking procedure, is responsible for utilizing pretreated event position information, calculates support, confidence level of the canonical example in daily record；Result screens step, is responsible for screening the results set for excavating, and removal support, confidence level do not meet the canonical example for excavating and requiring.The method for digging takes full advantage of multithreading and carries out parallel computation, can efficiently excavate any type of linear temporal specification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of specification of the linear temporal in field of computer technology, especially model inspection field
A kind of digging technology, and in particular to universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification.
Background technology
From unlike Other Engineering product, software product can constantly change evolution in its whole life cycle.And
During being safeguarded to software, being updated, to keep the correctness of system original function, attendant generally needs to pay
Significant effort.According to statistics, the maintenance cost of software occupies the 90% of software development cost.Therefore, how research reduces soft
Part maintenance cost has very real meaning.
And the overwhelming majority among software maintenance cost, all originate from understanding the cost produced by absorbing to leaving source code.
There are some researches show to understand that the cost that original code is paid has exceeded the 50% of total maintenance cost.Generally, developer can select
Ocr software specification document aids in the understanding of software program.However, in many enterprises, developer applies under the pressure of market
It is ageing, neglected specification document write with maintenance so that significant portion of software specifications document does not have with software
The evolution of program is timely updated.So, by Evolutionary Cycles several times, the software program of latest edition already with it is original
Specification document it is far from each other.Therefore, how software specifications are updated in time, become a problem for being worth exploring.
In addition, the correctness in order to ensure software systems, there has been proposed model inspection technology.Such as Application No.
201510395404.X, the Chinese invention patent of entitled secure exchange protocol model detection method, discloses a kind of peace
The step of total exchange protocol model detection method, the method, includes：1) secure exchange protocol model is built；2) security attribute is built
Model；3) the Attacker Model is built；4) state yojan and model inspection.
Model inspection technology mainly by the way that software systems are carried out with abstract modeling, and using a series of formalization property come
Whether whether checking model meets special properties, has certain property with Study system, or violate certain constraint.Linear Temporal is patrolled
Volume it is generally used for the formal definitions model property that possesses and constraint.However, the difficulty of construction formalization property hinders always
The extensive use of model inspection technology is hindered.
Therefore, it is necessary to find a kind of method, the property that software systems possess can be automatically obtained from software systems
Or constraint.Understand the natural law as people's observation of nature phenomenon, can be using the method for certain automation, according to software system
The running log of system, running orbit learns, excavates the property that software systems possess.
The content of the invention
It is main the invention discloses a kind of universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification to solve problem above
It is used for the linear temporal relation possessed between various events in excavation daily record from the journal file of software systems, for obtaining
The rule between event in daily record is taken, to deduce the Linear Temporal property that may possess in software program, so as to aid in journey
The understanding analysis of sequence, it can also be used to Protocol Analysis.
Specifically, the invention discloses a kind of universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification, including following step
Suddenly：
Pre-treatment step, splits to journal file, isolates the independent track in journal file, obtains journal file
In all events set and the position that occurs in independent track of each event；
Canonical example generation step, according to the specification masks set of input, by variable therein and log event set
Event bound successively, to obtain canonical example candidate collection；
Canonical example verification step, verifies to the canonical example in canonical example candidate collection successively, calculate its
Support, confidence level situation in daily record；
Result screens step, the excavation requirement according to input, and support, confidence level are removed from canonical example candidate collection
Undesirable canonical example.
Preferably, the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as described above, the pre-treatment step bag
Include following sub-step：
Track separating step, by text-processing, by the digital independent in daily record to internal memory, is divided according to separator
From the set that one element of acquisition is made up of wall scroll track；
Event sets obtaining step, scans every track respectively, and dividing processing is carried out to track with above-mentioned separator, obtains
Atomic event set；
Event position information obtaining step, scans every track, the positional information that record event occurs in track.
Preferably, the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as described above, the pre-treatment step
Implementation process is：Character string is sequentially read from journal file, when separator is run into, recognizes and judge that the separator is thing
Part separator or track separator, if track separator, then current track terminates and a newly-built track storage object；
If event separator, then new event position information is recorded, and the event is added among event sets.
Preferably, the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as described above, the canonical example generation
Step includes following three sub-step：
Specification masks analytical procedure, the specification masks to being input into carry out syntactic analysis, obtain the variable in specification masks；
Variable-Bindings step, with the event in event sets, is replaced to the variable in specification masks, will specification mould
Variable-Bindings in plate are specific event；
Example generation step, after the variable all binding events in specification masks, then as a specific canonical example, no
With the different event of specification masks Variable-Bindings, to generate different canonical examples.
Preferably, the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as described above, the canonical example checking
Step includes following three sub-step：
Initialization step, is one validator thread instance of every Track Pick-up；
Parallel proof step, is performed in parallel each thread instance, according to the semanteme of linear temporal, checks that each is advised
Whether model example meets on each track；
Statistical summaries step, the result of parallel computation is collected, and counts each canonical example on all tracks
Meet situation, obtain a statistics mapping table with the key-value pair of canonical example and statistics as element.
Preferably, the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as described above, the result set screening step
Suddenly traveled through by the statistics mapping table that the statistical summaries step is produced, it is undesirable to remove statistics
Canonical example.
It is an advantage of the current invention that compared with prior art, a kind of linear temporal specification disclosed by the invention is general
P mining method, has the advantages that：The method constructs linear temporal according to linear temporal specification masks
Canonical example, then parallel proof is carried out by multithreading, can extremely efficiently obtain correct linear temporal rule
Model.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of hereafter preferred embodiment, various other advantages and benefit is common for this area
Technical staff will be clear understanding.Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And in whole accompanying drawing, identical part is denoted by the same reference numerals.In the accompanying drawings：
Accompanying drawing 1 shows linear temporal specification universal parallel method for digging flow chart element according to embodiments of the present invention
Figure；
Accompanying drawing 2 shows the pre- place in linear temporal specification universal parallel method for digging according to embodiments of the present invention
Manage the FB(flow block) of step；
Accompanying drawing 3 shows specification reality in linear temporal specification universal parallel method for digging according to embodiments of the present invention
The FB(flow block) of example generation step；
Accompanying drawing 4 shows the specification reality of linear temporal specification universal parallel method for digging according to embodiments of the present invention
The FB(flow block) of example verification step.
Specific embodiment
The illustrative embodiments of the disclosure are more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing this public affairs in accompanying drawing
The illustrative embodiments opened, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without the reality that should be illustrated here
The mode of applying is limited.Conversely, there is provided these implementation methods are able to be best understood from the disclosure, and can be by this public affairs
The scope opened it is complete convey to those skilled in the art.
As shown in figure 1, including step with the linear temporal specification universal parallel method for digging that said system is realized：
S110, pre-treatment step：Journal file is split, (track is for the independent track for isolating in journal file
Event arranges constituted sequence sequentially in time), obtain journal file in all events set (EVENT) and each
Position (the MAP that event occurs in independent track<Event,Position>).Journal file is to operate thing for record system
The log file or file set of part, operating system have operating system journal file, and Database Systems have Database Systems daily record
File, etc..
S120, canonical example generation step：According to the specification masks set of input, by variable therein and log event collection
Event in conjunction is bound successively, to obtain canonical example candidate collection SIC (Specification Instance
Candidates)。
S130, canonical example verification step:The canonical example in canonical example candidate collection is verified successively, is calculated
Its support, confidence level situation in daily record.
The formula of support (Support) is：Support(A->B)=P (A ∪ B).Support discloses A and B while going out
Existing probability.If the probability that A and B occurs is small simultaneously, illustrate that the relation of A and B is little；If the very frequency that A and B occurs simultaneously
It is numerous, then illustrate that A is always related to B.
The formula of confidence level (Confidence) is：Confidence(A->B)=P (A | B).Confidence level discloses A appearance
When, whether B also occurs or has many maximum probabilities to occur.If confidence level can be with bundle sale for 100%, A and B.If
Confidence level is too low, then illustrating the appearance of A, whether relation occur with B little.
Example：In the market of certain sale mobile phone, the sale comprising charger in 70% mobile phone sale, and in All Activity
In 56% sale simultaneously include mobile phone and charger.Then in this instance, support is 56%, and confidence level is 70%.
Support:The probability that P (A ∪ B), i.e. A and B the two item collections occur simultaneously in transaction set D.
Confidence level:P (B | A), i.e., in the transaction set D for item collection A occur, the probability that item collection B also occurs simultaneously.
S140, result set screening step：Excavation requirement according to input, removes from canonical example candidate collection and supports
Degree, the undesirable canonical example of confidence level.
A minimum support threshold value and minimal confidence threshold can be set generally in excavation, while meeting the two branch
The rule of degree of holding is referred to as strong rule.Confidence level represents the intensity of rule, and support represents the frequency occurred in rule.Given one
Individual transaction set D, Mining Association Rules problem is exactly the minimum support for producing support and confidence level respectively greater than user to give
With the correlation rule of Minimum support4, that is, the problem for producing strong rule.
As shown in Fig. 2 the pre-treatment step S110 includes following three sub-step：
S111, track separating step:One journal file is made up of many bar tracks, by certain text-processing,
By in the digital independent in daily record to internal memory, separated according to specific separator, it to obtain by wall scroll track an element
The set of composition；The separator includes event separator or track separator, if being separated to the data of daily record,
Often use event separator.
S112, event sets obtaining step：Every track is scanned respectively, and segmentation portion is carried out to track with specific separator
Reason, obtains atomic event set；The separator includes event separator or track separator, if being divided track
Cut, often use track separator.Closely the program module of processing generation terminating data is referred to as atomic event.Daily record is by flow
In each task processed as an atomic event.
S113, event position information obtaining step：Every track of scanning, the position letter that record event occurs in track
Breath.
Wherein, the above three sub-step of the pre-treatment step S110 can be carried out simultaneously, i.e., sequentially from daily record text
Character string is read in part, when separator is run into, recognizes and judge that the separator is event separator or track separator,
If track separator, then current track terminates and a newly-built track storage object；If event separator, then record new
Event position information, and the event is added among event sets.In this manner it is possible to be completed by the single pass to daily record
The pretreatment of input data, is greatly enhanced operational efficiency.
As shown in figure 3, the canonical example generation step S120 includes following three sub-step：
S121, specification masks analytical procedure：Specification masks to being input into carry out syntactic analysis, obtain the change in specification masks
Amount.
S122, Variable-Bindings step：With the event in event sets, the variable in template is replaced, will template
In Variable-Bindings be specific event.
S123, example generation step：After variable all binding events in specification masks, then as a specific specification reality
Example.Different specification template variable binds different events, you can to generate different canonical examples.If becoming in a specification masks
The number of amount is N, and the size of event sets is M in journal file, by permutation and combination, will generate the Nth power kind specification reality of M
Example.
As shown in figure 4, the canonical example verification step S130 includes following three sub-step：
S131, initialization step：Because verification process of the canonical example on every track is separate, therefore it is every
One validator thread instance of Track Pick-up.
S132, parallel proof step：Each thread is performed in parallel, according to the semanteme of linear temporal, each is checked
Whether canonical example meets on each track.
S133, statistical summaries step：The result of parallel computation is collected, each canonical example is counted in all tracks
On meet situation, obtain one with (canonical example, statistics) key-value pair (Key-Value Pair) for element mapping
Table M.
Key-value pair can obtain a corresponding value according to a key assignments.For example, in general object-oriented editor, often
Form.Enable=True or False can be used, is exactly to an encapsulation for value with a series of api functions.
Finally, in the result set screening step S140, by the statistical number produced to canonical example verification step S130
Traveled through according to mapping table M, whether the statistics for investigating each canonical example one by one meets the requirements, removal statistics is not inconsistent
Close desired canonical example.So, remaining canonical example is all the canonical example for meeting excavation condition.
By means of the invention it is also possible to obtain the linear temporal relation of event from software systems running log.
Can be used for aid in software systems analysis and understanding, and communication protocol analysis.
It should be noted that：
Algorithm and display be not inherently related to any certain computer, virtual bench or miscellaneous equipment provided herein.
Various fexible units can also be used together with based on teaching in this.As described above, construct required by this kind of device
Structure be obvious.Additionally, the present invention is not also directed to any certain programmed language.It is understood that, it is possible to use it is various
Programming language realizes the content of invention described herein, and the description done to language-specific above is to disclose this hair
Bright preferred forms.
In specification mentioned herein, numerous specific details are set forth.It is to be appreciated, however, that implementation of the invention
Example can be put into practice in the case of without these details.In some instances, known method, structure is not been shown in detail
And technology, so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.
Similarly, it will be appreciated that in order to simplify that the disclosure and helping understands in each inventive aspect one or more,
Above to the description of exemplary embodiment of the invention in, each feature of the invention is grouped together into single implementation sometimes
In example, figure or descriptions thereof.However, the method for the disclosure should be construed to reflect following intention：I.e. required guarantor
The application claims of shield features more more than the feature being expressly recited in each claim.More precisely, such as following
Claims reflect as, inventive aspect is all features less than single embodiment disclosed above.Therefore,
Thus the claims for following specific embodiment are expressly incorporated in the specific embodiment, and wherein each claim is in itself
All as separate embodiments of the invention.
Those skilled in the art are appreciated that can be carried out adaptively to the module in the equipment in embodiment
Change and they are arranged in one or more equipment different from the embodiment.Can be the module or list in embodiment
Unit or component be combined into a module or unit or component, and can be divided into addition multiple submodule or subelement or
Sub-component.In addition at least some in such feature and/or process or unit exclude each other, can use any
Combine to all features disclosed in this specification (including adjoint claim, summary and accompanying drawing) and so disclosed appoint
Where all processes or unit of method or equipment are combined.Unless expressly stated otherwise, this specification (including adjoint power
Profit is required, summary and accompanying drawing) disclosed in each feature can the alternative features of or similar purpose identical, equivalent by offer carry out generation
Replace.
Although additionally, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that some embodiments described herein include other embodiments
In included some features rather than further feature, but the combination of the feature of different embodiments means in of the invention
Within the scope of and form different embodiments.For example, in the following claims, embodiment required for protection is appointed
One of meaning mode can be used in any combination.
All parts embodiment of the invention can be realized with hardware, or be run with one or more processor
Software module realize, or with combinations thereof realize.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that can use in practice
Microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) are come in the creating device for realizing virtual machine according to embodiments of the present invention
The some or all functions of a little or whole parts.The present invention is also implemented as performing method as described herein
Some or all equipment or program of device (for example, computer program and computer program product).Such realization
Program of the invention can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can have the form of one or more signal.This
The signal of sample can be downloaded from internet website and obtained, or be provided on carrier signal, or be carried in any other form
For.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment the present invention will be described rather than limiting the invention, and ability
Field technique personnel can design alternative embodiment without departing from the scope of the appended claims.In the claims,
Any reference symbol being located between bracket should not be configured to limitations on claims.Word "comprising" is not excluded the presence of not
Element listed in the claims or step.Word "a" or "an" before element is not excluded the presence of as multiple
Element.The present invention can come real by means of the hardware for including some different elements and by means of properly programmed computer
It is existing.If in the unit claim for listing equipment for drying, several in these devices can be by same hardware branch
To embody.The use of word first, second, and third does not indicate that any order.These words can be explained and run after fame
Claim.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of the claim
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification, comprises the following steps：
Pre-treatment step, splits to journal file, isolates the independent track in journal file, obtains institute in journal file
The position that the set and each event for having event occur in independent track；
Canonical example generation step, according to the specification masks set of input, by the thing in variable therein and log event set
Part is bound successively, to obtain canonical example candidate collection；
Canonical example verification step, verifies to the canonical example in canonical example candidate collection successively, calculates it in daily record
In support, confidence level situation；
Result screens step, the excavation requirement according to input, and removing support, confidence level from canonical example candidate collection is not inconsistent
Close desired canonical example.
2. the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pre- place
Reason step includes following three sub-step：
Track separating step, by text-processing, by the digital independent in daily record to internal memory, is separated according to separator,
Obtain the set that an element is made up of wall scroll track；
Event sets obtaining step, scans every track respectively, and dividing processing is carried out to track using above-mentioned separator, obtains former
Gather subevent；
Event position information obtaining step, scans every track, the positional information that record event occurs in track.
3. the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that its feature exists
In：
The implementation process of the pre-treatment step is：Character string is sequentially read from journal file, when separator is run into, is known
Not and judge the separator for event separator or track separator, if track separator, then current track termination simultaneously
A newly-built track storage object；If event separator, then new event position information is recorded, and the event is added to thing
Among part set.
4. the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the specification
Example generation step includes following three sub-step：
Specification masks analytical procedure, the specification masks to being input into carry out syntactic analysis, obtain the variable in specification masks；
Variable-Bindings step, is replaced with the event in event sets to the variable in specification masks, will be in specification masks
Variable-Bindings be specific event；
Example generation step, the variable in specification masks after binding event, as specific a canonical example, different specification
Template variable binds different events, to generate different canonical examples.
5. the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the specification
Case verification step includes following three sub-step：
Initialization step, is one validator thread instance of every Track Pick-up；
Parallel proof step, is performed in parallel each thread instance, according to the semanteme of linear temporal, checks each specification reality
Whether example meets on each track；
Statistical summaries step, the result of parallel computation is collected, and counts satisfaction of each canonical example on all tracks
Situation, obtains a statistics mapping table with the key-value pair of canonical example and statistics as element.
6. the universal parallel method for digging of linear temporal specification as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：
The result set screening step is traveled through by the statistics mapping table that the statistical summaries step is produced, to go
Except the undesirable canonical example of statistics.
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| CN106970791A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-21 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of universal parallel digging system of linear temporal specification |
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| CN112925560A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-08 | 云南大学 | Declarative EFSA inference algorithm and method for declaring kTails and Synoptic |
| CN113726821A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-30 | 华东交通大学 | Verification method and system for security protocol formalization |
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| CN106970791A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-21 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of universal parallel digging system of linear temporal specification |
| CN110263082A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-20 | 东软集团股份有限公司 | The data distribution analysis method of database, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN113778381A (en) * | 2021-08-14 | 2021-12-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | PPTL (Power Point Label) standard mining system and method |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |