CN106885533A - Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method - Google Patents

Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method Download PDF

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CN106885533A
CN106885533A CN201710123479.1A CN201710123479A CN106885533A CN 106885533 A CN106885533 A CN 106885533A CN 201710123479 A CN201710123479 A CN 201710123479A CN 106885533 A CN106885533 A CN 106885533A
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phase
dimensional
frequency
fourier transform
chest
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吴海滨
于晓洋
孟晓亮
赵烟桥
孙晓明
陈德运
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0077—Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/113—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/725—Details of waveform analysis using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7253—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7253—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms
    • A61B5/7257—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms using Fourier transforms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
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  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
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  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method belongs to structural light three-dimensional field of measuring technique；The method to just three stripe patterns of different frequency, and use camera collection stripe pattern is projected on respirometric chest and abdomen surface, then carries out three-dimensional Fourier transform to three spoke print images respectively first；After carrying out three-dimensional Gaussian filtering to transformation results, inverse Fourier transform is carried out, extract wrapped phase；Phase unwrapping is carried out again, obtains absolute phase；Trigonometry principle is finally used, absolute phase is converted into elevation information；The chest and abdomen striated surface pattern sequence that the present invention will be changed over time regards an entirety as, spatial image is combined with time series, 2D FFA methods are expanded into 3D FFA methods by increasing time dimension, so as to filter time dimension interference signal frequency content, to improve the accuracy of wrapped phase extraction；In conjunction with three frequency phase developing methods, to improve the reliability of wrapped phase expansion, the antijamming capability of three-dimensional surface measurement is further improved.

Description

Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method
Technical field
Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method belongs to structural light three-dimensional field of measuring technique.
Background technology
The three-dimensional motion measurement on human body chest and abdomen surface has important application prospect in field of medical analysis, such as passes through chest and abdomen table Face respiratory movement is to infer tumor motion, for accurate radiotherapy provides foundation etc..At present, measuring method is acknowledged as most The solution of practicality and development potentiality.Wherein, Fourier transform profilometry only needs to an amplitude variation shape candy strip can just obtain To the elevation information on testee surface, the dynamic measurement for this kind of simple flat surfaces in human body chest and abdomen surface is best suitable for.But Due to there is spectral leakage and aliasing, and environment, measured object, measuring system etc. interference signal, cause wrapped phase to extract There is error with expansion, and then cause the error of three-dimensional measurement, this is the subject matter that Fourier transform profilometry needs to solve.
One-dimensional Fourier's fringe analysis (1D-FFA) method by selecting suitable frequency domain filter, by useful signal frequency Composition is separated along one-dimensional square, but cannot filter the interference signal of other dimensions being aliasing in useful signal frequency content. Using the two-dimensional nature of stripe pattern, by Fourier's fringe analysis method from One-Dimensional Extended to two dimension after, two-dimentional Fourier's striped The signal that analysis (2D-FFA) method will can be isolated in 1D-FFA is further separated on two-dimensional directional, mixed so as to filter The second dimension interference signal frequency content in useful signal is stacked in, the degree of accuracy of Fourier transform profilometry can be significantly improved.Together When, many scholars also propose various methods to reduce the influence of spectral leakage and interference signal, mainly become including Gabor wavelet Change, adding window Fourier transformation, discrete cosine transform, Hilbert transform etc., achieve different degrees of effect.It can be seen that, how Preferably filtering interference signals are the important research directions of this area.
The content of the invention
For the human body chest and abdomen three-dimensional surface shape measurement with respiratory movement feature, the invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional Fu In leaf transformation chest and abdomen surface measurement method, the chest and abdomen striated surface pattern sequence that will be changed over time regards an entirety as, by sky Between image combined with time series, 2D-FFA methods are expanded into three-dimensional Fourier's fringe analysis (3D- by increasing time dimension FFA) method, so as to filter the time dimension interference signal frequency content being aliasing in after two-dimensional Fourier transform in useful signal, with Improve the accuracy that wrapped phase is extracted；On this basis, with reference to three frequency phase developing methods, to improve wrapped phase expansion Reliability, and then form a kind of three-dimensional Fourier transform surface measurement method with more preferable antijamming capability.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method, comprises the following steps：
Step a, to just the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 is respectively in respirometric chest and abdomen surface projection frequency, and make Stripe pattern is gathered with camera, the stripe pattern includes x direction variables, y direction variables and time t variable；
Step b, the three spoke print images for being obtained to step a respectively carry out three-dimensional Fourier transform；
Step c, the three three-dimensional Fourier transform results for being obtained to step b respectively carry out three-dimensional Gaussian filtering；
Step d, the three three-dimensional Gaussian filter results for being obtained to step c respectively carry out inverse Fourier transform, extract parcel Phase；
Step e, three results obtained to step d carry out phase unwrapping, obtain absolute phase；
Step f, using trigonometry principle, absolute phase is converted into elevation information.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method, three-dimensional Gaussian wave filter is
Wherein, fxIt is frequency domain components corresponding with space two-dimensional variable x directions, fx0For in space two-dimensional variable x directions Frequency of heart, σxIt is the filter width in x directions；fyIt is frequency domain components corresponding with space two-dimensional variable y directions, fy0It is space two The centre frequency in dimension variable y directions, σyIt is the filter width in y directions；ftIt is frequency domain components corresponding with time dimension variable t, ft0It is the centre frequency of time dimension variable t, σtIt is the filter width in t directions.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method, the phase developing method described in step e is as follows：
Step e1, it is respectively in the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 from frequency, arbitrarily two stripe patterns of selection enter line phase Launch, obtain the stripe pattern that frequency is f4；
Step e2, it is respectively in the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 from frequency, selects two bar graphs different from step e1 As carrying out phase unwrapping, the stripe pattern that frequency is f5 is obtained；
Step e3, the frequency for obtaining step e1 are the bar graph of f5 for the frequency that the stripe pattern and step e2 of f4 are obtained As carrying out phase unwrapping.
The method that two stripe patterns with different frequency are carried out into phase unwrapping is as follows：
The cycle of piece image is T1, and the cycle of the second width image is T2；Certain o'clock is located at N1 in piece image In the individual cycle, be P1 in the phase in the cycle；The N2 cycle is located in the second width image, is P2 in the phase in the cycle；Then Cycle and phase of this in unfolded image are calculated according to below equation：
(T1 × (N1-1)+P1)/(least common multiple of T1 and T2)
Or
(T2 × (N2-1)+P2)/(least common multiple of T1 and T2)
Cycle of this in unfolded image is above formula rounding operation, and the phase in unfolded image is above formula Take the remainder computing.
Beneficial effect：
Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method of the present invention, the chest and abdomen striated surface pattern sequence that will be changed over time Row regard an entirety as, and spatial image is combined with time series, and 2D-FFA methods are expanded into three-dimensional by increasing time dimension Fourier's fringe analysis (3D-FFA) method, does so as to filter the time dimension being aliasing in useful signal after two-dimensional Fourier transform Signal frequency composition is disturbed, to improve the accuracy of wrapped phase extraction；On this basis, with reference to three frequency phase developing methods, with The reliability that wrapped phase launches is improved, the antijamming capability of three-dimensional Fourier transform surface measurement method is further improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is tested chest model.
The measurement result of 1D-FFA methods when Fig. 3 is non-plus noise.
The measurement result of 2D-FFA methods when Fig. 4 is non-plus noise.
The measurement result of 3D-FFA methods of the present invention when Fig. 5 is non-plus noise.
Fig. 6 is the measurement result of 1D-FFA methods when adding plus noise.
Fig. 7 is the measurement result of 2D-FFA methods when adding plus noise.
Fig. 8 is the measurement result of 3D-FFA methods of the present invention when adding plus noise.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiment one
The three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method of the present embodiment, flow chart as shown in figure 1, the method include with Lower step：
Step a, to just the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 is respectively in respirometric chest and abdomen surface projection frequency, and make Stripe pattern is gathered with camera, the stripe pattern includes x direction variables, y direction variables and time t variable；
Step b, the three spoke print images for being obtained to step a respectively carry out three-dimensional Fourier transform；
Step c, the three three-dimensional Fourier transform results for being obtained to step b respectively carry out three-dimensional Gaussian filtering；
Step d, the three three-dimensional Gaussian filter results for being obtained to step c respectively carry out inverse Fourier transform, extract parcel Phase；
Step e, three results obtained to step d carry out phase unwrapping, obtain absolute phase；
Step f, using trigonometry principle, absolute phase is converted into elevation information.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method, three-dimensional Gaussian wave filter is
Wherein, fxIt is frequency domain components corresponding with space two-dimensional variable x directions, fx0For in space two-dimensional variable x directions Frequency of heart, σxIt is the filter width in x directions；fyIt is frequency domain components corresponding with space two-dimensional variable y directions, fy0It is space two The centre frequency in dimension variable y directions, σyIt is the filter width in y directions；ftIt is frequency domain components corresponding with time dimension variable t, ft0It is the centre frequency of time dimension variable t, σtIt is the filter width in t directions.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method, the phase developing method described in step e is as follows：
Step e1, it is respectively in the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 from frequency, arbitrarily two stripe patterns of selection enter line phase Launch, obtain the stripe pattern that frequency is f4；
Step e2, it is respectively in the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 from frequency, selects two bar graphs different from step e1 As carrying out phase unwrapping, the stripe pattern that frequency is f5 is obtained；
Step e3, the frequency for obtaining step e1 are the bar graph of f5 for the frequency that the stripe pattern and step e2 of f4 are obtained As carrying out phase unwrapping.
The method that two stripe patterns with different frequency are carried out into phase unwrapping is as follows：
The cycle of piece image is T1, and the cycle of the second width image is T2；Certain o'clock is located at N1 in piece image In the individual cycle, be P1 in the phase in the cycle；The N2 cycle is located in the second width image, is P2 in the phase in the cycle；Then Cycle and phase of this in unfolded image are calculated according to below equation：
(T1 × (N1-1)+P1)/(least common multiple of T1 and T2)
Or
(T2 × (N2-1)+P2)/(least common multiple of T1 and T2)
Cycle of this in unfolded image is above formula rounding operation, and the phase in unfolded image is above formula Take the remainder computing.
Specific embodiment two
In order to verify three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method of the present invention, following EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE is completed.
In order to simulate the cycle movement on chest and abdomen surface, tested chest model as shown in Figure 2 (bar graph is transmitted into Picture) it is placed on guide rail, allow its each movement to be spaced 2mm, amplitude is 20mm, is carried out back and forth along guide rail direction simulating respiratory movement It is mobile.
Without (weak) noise vs experiment
Step a is carried out first, under dark room conditions, is projected frequency using projecting apparatus (model InFocus IN82) and is distinguished It is 1/25,1/30 and 1/35, tonal range is 150, resolution ratio is 1024 × 768 candy strip, and uses industrial camera (type Number be DH-HV3151UC, resolution ratio be 2048 × 1536) gather stripe pattern.
Then carry out step b to step f successively, and by the measurement result of 3D-FFA methods of the present invention and 2D-FFA methods and The measurement result of 1D-FFA methods is compared, and obtains three kinds of measurement results of method respectively as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.It is right Can be seen that three kinds of methods than Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 can preferably reconstruct measured surface, measurement result difference simultaneously less, this It is to be carried out in darkroom due to measuring, and tested chest model surface is than more uniform, therefore three kinds of methods are in noiseless or interference Its measurement error is suitable when smaller.
Addition noise vs' experiment
Step a is carried out first, under non-dark room conditions, that is, in the case of having veiling glare as interference, uses projecting apparatus (type Number be InFocus IN82) projection frequency be respectively 1/25,1/30 and 1/35, tonal range is 150, resolution ratio be 1024 × 768 candy strip, and using industrial camera (model DH-HV3151UC, resolution ratio be 2048 × 1536) gather bar graph Picture.
Then carry out step b to step f successively, and by the measurement result of 3D-FFA methods of the present invention and 2D-FFA methods and The measurement result of 1D-FFA methods is compared, and obtains three kinds of measurement results of method respectively as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.It is right The influence due to disturbing is can be seen that than Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8,1D-FFA methods can not realize measurement, though 2D-FFA methods Measurement can be so realized substantially, but all multizones in surface can not be realized measuring, and 3D-FFA methods have few zonule Measurement can not be realized, measurement result is had substantially no effect on, its measurement error is minimum, reconstructing surface is the most complete.Result above shows The antijamming capability of the inventive method is most strong, it was demonstrated that the validity of context of methods.

Claims (4)

1. three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step a, to just the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 is respectively in respirometric chest and abdomen surface projection frequency, and use phase Machine gathers stripe pattern, and the stripe pattern includes x direction variables, y direction variables and time t variable；
Step b, the three spoke print images for being obtained to step a respectively carry out three-dimensional Fourier transform；
Step c, the three three-dimensional Fourier transform results for being obtained to step b respectively carry out three-dimensional Gaussian filtering；
Step d, the three three-dimensional Gaussian filter results for being obtained to step c respectively carry out inverse Fourier transform, extract wrapped phase；
Step e, three results obtained to step d carry out phase unwrapping, obtain absolute phase；
Step f, using trigonometry principle, absolute phase is converted into elevation information.
2. three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three-dimensional Gaussian is filtered Ripple device is
H ( f x , f y , f t ) = e - [ ( f x - f x 0 ) 2 / 2 σ x 2 + ( f y - f y 0 ) 2 / 2 σ y 2 + ( f t - f t 0 ) 2 / 2 σ t 2 ]
Wherein, fxIt is frequency domain components corresponding with space two-dimensional variable x directions, fx0For space two-dimensional variable x directions center frequently Rate, σxIt is the filter width in x directions；fyIt is frequency domain components corresponding with space two-dimensional variable y directions, fy0For space two-dimensional becomes The centre frequency in amount y directions, σyIt is the filter width in y directions；ftIt is frequency domain components corresponding with time dimension variable t, ft0For The centre frequency of time dimension variable t, σtIt is the filter width in t directions.
3. three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step e Phase developing method it is as follows：
Step e1, it is respectively in the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 from frequency, arbitrarily two stripe patterns of selection enter line phase exhibition Open, obtain the stripe pattern that frequency is f4；
Step e2, it is respectively in the stripe pattern of f1, f2 and f3 from frequency, selects two stripe patterns different from step e1 to enter Line phase launches, and obtains the stripe pattern that frequency is f5；
Step e3, the frequency for obtaining step e1 are the frequency that the stripe pattern and step e2 of f4 are obtained for the stripe pattern of f5 enters Line phase launches.
4. three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that there are two The method that the stripe pattern of different frequency carries out phase unwrapping is as follows：
The cycle of piece image is T1, and the cycle of the second width image is T2；Certain o'clock is located at the N1 week in piece image Phase, is P1 in the phase in the cycle；The N2 cycle is located in the second width image, is P2 in the phase in the cycle；Then according to Below equation calculates cycle and phase of this in unfolded image：
(T1 × (N1-1)+P1)/(least common multiple of T1 and T2)
Or
(T2 × (N2-1)+P2)/(least common multiple of T1 and T2)
Cycle of this in unfolded image is above formula rounding operation, and the phase in unfolded image is above formula remainder Number computing.
CN201710123479.1A 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 Three-dimensional Fourier transform chest and abdomen surface measurement method Pending CN106885533A (en)

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CN107843863A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-27 清华大学 Magnetic resonance imaging antidote, device and equipment based on 3D topography measurements

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107550467A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-01-09 清华大学 Contactless neck breathing and detection method, device and the imaging device of pulse signal
CN107843863A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-27 清华大学 Magnetic resonance imaging antidote, device and equipment based on 3D topography measurements
WO2019085805A1 (en) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-09 清华大学 Non-contact neck-based respiratory and pulse signal detection method, device, and imaging apparatus

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Application publication date: 20170623