CN106880996A - The method of dust and discharged nitrous oxides and the device of the method is realized in a kind of control tail gas - Google Patents
The method of dust and discharged nitrous oxides and the device of the method is realized in a kind of control tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN106880996A CN106880996A CN201710193375.8A CN201710193375A CN106880996A CN 106880996 A CN106880996 A CN 106880996A CN 201710193375 A CN201710193375 A CN 201710193375A CN 106880996 A CN106880996 A CN 106880996A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for controlling dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas, comprise the following steps：(1) tail gas after fuel gas buring is passed through cyclone dust collectors, with the dust of alkali metal containing that the particle diameter removed in tail gas is more than 5 μm；(2) electric cleaner will be passed through by the tail gas of cyclone dust collectors, to remove the dust of remaining a part of alkali metal containing in tail gas；(3) by the tail gas after step (2) treatment by SCR reactors, to reduce the content of nitrogen oxide in tail gas, and the dust of remaining alkali metal containing will be removed, will make tail gas qualified discharge.The present invention installs high-efficiency dust remover to remove the high basic metal dust in tail gas, using plasma activation NH in combustion tail gas downstream3To improve its catalysis selective reduction NOxActivity, and using the denitration performance of existing business SCR catalyst, NO is realized while high-effective dust-removingxQualified discharge.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, and in particular to a kind of method of dust and discharged nitrous oxides in control tail gas
And realize the device of the method.
Background technology：
Gasification of biomass is available with H2, CO etc. be the thick combustion gas of main component, with the increasingly depleted of fossil fuel with
And the rising year by year of mankind's demand for energy, substituting conventional fossil fuel with thick combustion gas of gasifying carries out heat supply just by energy field
Concern.
Biomass leaded wastewater is 0.1%~0.5% (wt), less than coal N content (1.5%, wt), but contains N with unit calorific value
Amount is calculated, and biomass thermal can not be ignored using emission problem of the process containing N pollutants.Biomass component containing N is with amino acid and miscellaneous
Based on ring aromatics, they are converted into gas phase N such as NH after pyrolytic gasification3、HCN、N2, and be in a liquid state under normal temperature
Tar N (being referred to as nitroxide precursors thing).These precursors containing N are present in the thick combustion gas of high temperature, can be fired in follow-up combustion gas
Be further oxided during burning is NOx(x=1 or 2).After testing, gasified by raw material of maize straw, the thick combustion for obtaining
After being burnt through kiln in gas, NO in tail gasxConcentration is 400mg/m3, it is newly-built higher than what national standard (GB13271-2014) specified
Concentration limit (the 200mg/m of gas fired-boiler discharge3), it is therefore desirable to further treatment is with qualified discharge.
But, especially herbaceous biomass contains more alkali metal to biomass, alkali metal based on K, also including a small amount of
Na, K, Na content of such as maize straw is respectively 2.69%wt, 0.03%wt；K, Na content such as wood chip is respectively 0.07%
Wt, 0.01%wt.Typically alkali metal has high activity and high volatile, therefore can be melted in biomass gasification process
Melt, evaporate, generation chloride, hydroxide, sulfate, and leave gasification furnace in the form of aerosol or steam and be mixed into thick combustion
Gas, corrodible, clog downstream combustion gas utilizes equipment and pipeline.
Therefore the combustion process of fossil fuel is different from, the combustion tail gas of biomass rough gas usually contain more alkali gold
Category dust, its concentration of emission is several to hundreds of g/ (kg biomass), far above coal burning tail gas.Particular, it is important that due to
Its high activity and high volatile, these alkali metal dust can cause downstream catalyst (such as denitrating catalyst) quick, permanent
Inactivation (Kling A etc., Appl Catal B:Environ,2007,69(3-4):240-251), one kind is this document propose to add
Plus the method that sulfate suppresses the poisoning of SCR catalyst K, Na, but poor effect, the research of Kling etc. shows, at least needs tail gas
In alkali metal content be down to several mg/ (kg biomass), be only safe enough.After testing, carried out by raw material of maize straw
Gasification, in the thick combustion gas for obtaining through kiln burning and cyclone dust collectors dedusting after, in tail gas dust concentration be 250mg/m3, wherein
K, Na content are respectively 51.97mg/ (g dust), 8.88mg/ (g dust), and the environment protectment protection of current China is increasingly strict,
Therefore while with biomass resource fuel as an alternative, it is necessary to which exploiting economy, efficiently gasify thick fuel gas buring tail gas
NOxAnd alkali metal containing Dust Control Technology.
ZL201080057682.X discloses a kind of SCR for using ammonia as reducing agent containing alkali
NO in the flue gas of metalxCatalyst, including the surface with catalysis activity position, wherein the surface at least partially with
Coating coating comprising at least one metal oxide, to improve the alkaline-resisting Poisoning of denitrating catalyst.
ZL201180041446.3 discloses a kind of mordenite SCR catalyst with iron or copper, finds Cu/ modenites
Catalyst is for using NH3The SCR of NO be high activity and alkalosis shown resistance.It is different from vanadium catalyst,
After potassium intoxication, the redox of Cu/ modenites and acidic nature are preserved well.Fe- mordenite catalysts
Than the NO currently used for fixation meansxThe business V of elimination2O5/WO3-TiO2(VWT) SCR catalyst shows much higher alkaline-resisting
Property.
Above-mentioned patent is by catalyst modification, to improve the alkali resistant poisoning capability of SCR catalyst, so as to reduce nitrogen oxygen
The method of compound discharge, therefore prior art has much room for improvement and develops.
The content of the invention：
Control the method for dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas and realize the party it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
The device of method, it installs high-efficiency dust remover to remove the high basic metal dust in tail gas in combustion tail gas downstream, using plasma
Body activates NH3To improve its catalysis selective reduction NOxActivity, and using the denitration performance of existing business SCR catalyst, efficient
NO is realized while dedustingxQualified discharge.
First purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of method for controlling dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas, including such as
Lower step：
(1) tail gas after fuel gas buring is passed through cyclone dust collectors, is more than 5 μm containing alkali with the particle diameter removed in tail gas
The dust of metal；
(2), by electric cleaner, alkali gold is contained with a remaining part in removing tail gas by by the tail gas of cyclone dust collectors
The dust of category；
(3) SCR reactors will be passed through by the tail gas after step (2) treatment, to reduce the content of nitrogen oxide in tail gas,
And remove tail gas in remaining alkali metal containing dust, make tail gas qualified discharge.
Dust is arranged with nitrogen oxides during the present invention is directed to the thick fuel gas buring tail gas of gasification of biomass, the control of the proposition tail gas
The method put is to reduce alkali metal content in tail gas in advance to tail gas after biomass raw fuel gas buring, and utilizes existing business SCR
Denitrating catalyst, removing alkali metal containing dust and control NOxDischarge.High-efficiency dust remover is installed to remove in combustion tail gas downstream
High basic metal dust in tail gas, using plasma activation NH3To improve its catalysis selective reduction NOxActivity, and using existing
The denitration performance of business SCR catalyst, NO is realized while high-effective dust-removingxQualified discharge.
Preferably, the described electric cleaner in step (2) includes one-level electric cleaner and two grades of electric cleaners.One-level electricity
Deduster is horizontal type electric dust collector, and one-level electric cleaner operating temperature is 120 DEG C~300 DEG C, and one-level electric cleaner is divided into two
Part, i.e. dust charged moieties and dust coalescence dust removal part, it is negative with band that dust charged moieties are designed to positively charged respectively
2 gas channels of equal diameters of electric field, middle setting insulation barrier, when tail gas by when to be divided into 2 bursts of volumes equal
Air-flow, the aerosol of dust/alkali metal containing therein respectively by positive and negative electric charge on lotus after, into dust coalescence dust removal part,
It is mutual due to positive and negative electric charge by the dust of positive and negative electric charge on lotus/alkali metal containing aerosol respectively in dust coalescence dust removal part
Attraction is collided and increases particle diameter, under gravity, realize dust/alkali metal containing aerosol and flue gas main body preliminary point
From.The separative efficiency of one-level electric cleaner dust/alkali metal containing aerosol is not less than 60%.
Two grades of electric cleaners are a vertical electrostatic precipitator, are made up of 4~8 groups of structure identical electrostatic precipitator,
Operation temperature is 50 DEG C~120 DEG C, wherein its separating effect is optimal at 80 DEG C, due to exhaust temperature reduction, more than 90% contains
In dust surface, remainder is still present in tail gas gas phase to alkali chloride aerosol condensation adsorption in the form of an aerosol.From one-level
Electric cleaner combustion tail gas out by charged again, and are transported in high-strength electrostatic field in two grades of electric cleaners to dust collector pole
Dynamic, tail gas is able to further deep purifying, to remove alkali metal containing dust therein.Two grades of electric cleaners are to alkali metal containing dust
Separative efficiency be not less than 99%.
Preferably, ammonia activation gas passage is first passed through by the tail gas after step (2) treatment in step (3), then is passed through
In SCR reactors, ammonia activation gas passage while the tail gas after being passed through step (2) treatment, it is passed through through ammonia activation device
Ammonia or liquefied ammonia after activation as nitrogen oxides reducing agent.The present invention is using streamer corona plasma activation NH3For N,
NH、NH2Free radical, to obtain comparing NH3The radical reduction agent higher of reduction reaction activity；By active N, NH, NH2Free radical
In SCR reactors and NOxHighly effective reaction generates N2, the NO in removing tail gasx, realize the thick fuel gas buring tail gas of gasification of biomass
Middle alkali metal containing dust and NOxDeep removal, purified tail gas.
Further, the NO after described liquefied ammonia or ammonia and burning in tail gasxMol ratio be 1.0~2.0, i.e. NH3/
NOxMol ratio is 1.0~2.0.
Preferably, described one-level electric cleaner operating temperature is 120 DEG C~300 DEG C, the work of described secondary ash collector
Make temperature for 50 DEG C~120 DEG C, load SCR catalyst in described SCR reactors, the operating temperature of described SCR catalyst
It is 200 DEG C~400 DEG C.
Further, described one-level electric cleaner operating temperature is 200 DEG C, the operating temperature of described secondary ash collector
It it is 80 DEG C, the operating temperature of described SCR catalyst is 300 DEG C.
The present invention with coagulation and makes in one-level electric cleaner to the dust in combustion tail gas/alkali metal containing aerosol is charged
It increases particle diameter, and realizes preliminary removing alkali metal containing dedusting；Using tail gas in two grades of temperature drop effects of electric cleaner, make containing alkali
The further condensation adsorption of metal aerosol is made containing alkali gold in dust, and by the high intensity electrostatic field inside electric cleaner
Category dust it is charged and in the presence of electric field force to the polar motion that gathers dust, the further alkali metal and dust in removing combustion tail gas,
Obtain dustless alkali metal-free tail gas；NH is activated using streamer corona plasma3It is N, NH, NH2Free radical, to obtain comparing NH3Also
The radical reduction agent higher of former reactivity；By active N, NH, NH2Free radical is in SCR reactors and NOxHighly effective reaction
Generation N2, the NO in removing tail gasx.Realize alkali metal containing dust and NO in the thick fuel gas buring tail gas of gasification of biomassxDepth take off
Remove, purified tail gas.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for realizing controlling dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas
Device, including one-level electric cleaner, one end of described one-level electric cleaner connect with cyclone dust collectors, the other end and two grades of electricity
Deduster is connected, and the entrance of the tail gas after being passed through fuel gas buring is provided with described cyclone dust collectors, and two grades of described electricity are removed
Dirt device top is provided with ammonia activation gas passage, and described ammonia activation gas passage top is provided with SCR reactors, described
One-level electric cleaner include dust charged moieties and dust coalescence dust removal part, described dust charged moieties include positively charged
Gas channel, the gas channel of negatively charged field and be arranged at described positively charged gas channel and described band it is negative
Insulation barrier between the gas channel of electric field.
One-level electric cleaner is divided into two parts, i.e. dust charged moieties and dust coalescence dust removal part, the charged portion of dust
2 gas channels of equal diameters for being designed to positively charged and negatively charged field respectively, middle setting insulation barrier are divided to work as tail
Gas by when be divided into 2 strands of equal air-flows of volume, the aerosol of dust/alkali metal containing therein is respectively by positive and negative on lotus
After electric charge, into dust coalescence dust removal part, in dust coalescence dust removal part respectively by the dust of positive and negative electric charge on lotus/contain alkali
Metal aerosol is collided and increases particle diameter due to attracting each other for positive and negative electric charge, under gravity, realizes dust/contain
The initial gross separation of alkali chloride aerosol and flue gas main body.One-level electric cleaner operation temperature is 120 DEG C~300 DEG C, wherein 200 DEG C
When its separating effect it is optimal, the separative efficiency of its dust/alkali metal containing aerosol is not less than 60%.
Two grades of electric cleaners are a vertical electrostatic precipitator, and operation temperature is 50 DEG C~120 DEG C, wherein at 80 DEG C its
Separating effect is optimal, due to exhaust temperature reduction, more than 90% alkali metal containing aerosol condensation adsorption in dust surface, remaining
Part is still present in tail gas gas phase in the form of an aerosol.From one-level electric cleaner combustion tail gas out in two grades of electric cleaners
Interior and to the polar motion that gathers dust in high-strength electrostatic field, tail gas is able to further deep purifying by charged again, therein to remove
Alkali metal containing dust.Two grades of electric cleaners are not less than 99% to the separative efficiency of alkali metal containing dust.
Two grades of electric cleaners are designed to about one entirety being connected, middle setting ammonia activation gas with SCR reactors
Body passage, realizes dustless tail gas and NH in ammonia activation gas passage3The uniform mixing of activated gas.
SCR reactors load business SCR catalyst, and its operation temperature is 200 DEG C~400 DEG C.Heating SCR reactors extremely refer to
The mode of constant temperature degree is selected from the one kind in combustion tail gas UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN or external Electric heating.
Preferably, divided on described SCR reactors, the ammonia activation gas passage and two grades of described electric cleaners
Count into an entirety.
Preferably, described ammonia activation gas passage outside is provided with the ammonia activation device for activating ammonia or liquefied ammonia
Entrance.Ammonia (NH3) activator is a streamer corona plasma device, streamer corona generating device is DC corona, arteries and veins
It is a kind of in punching-DC corona, alternating current-direct current superposition corona, liquefied ammonia or ammonia in ammonia activation device by streamer corona activation be with
NH, NH of high reaction activity2, N free radicals, and SCR is entered by the gas channel in the middle of SCR reactors and two grades of electric cleaners
Reactor.Liquefied ammonia or ammonia flow regard combustion tail gas NOxContent, controls NH3/NOxMol ratio is 1.0~2.0.
Preferably, two grades of described electric cleaners are composed in series by several identical vertical electro static precipitators.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, by the effect of two-stage electric cleaner, alkali metal containing powder in the thick fuel gas buring tail gas of deep removal gasification of biomass
Dirt；
2nd, by plasma-activated liquefied ammonia or ammonia, the NO of high activity is obtainedxReducing agent；
3rd, the radical reaction containing N using existing SCR catalyst and high activity, realizes the NO of combustion tail gasxHigh selectivity
Catalysis reduction；
4th, can avoid using alkali resistant poisoning SCR catalyst, by electrostatic precipitation+NH3Base is plasma-activated+SCR denitration
The combination of technique, improves SCR catalyst reactivity, extends catalyst service life, it is only necessary to which existing SCR denitration technique is carried out
Simple transformation, to reduce investment and operating cost of the biomass gasification burning burning using overall process.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the schematic device of the method that the present invention realizes dust and discharged nitrous oxides in control tail gas；
Description of reference numerals：1st, cyclone dust collectors；2nd, one-level electric cleaner；21st, dust charged moieties；22nd, dust coalescence
Dust removal part；23rd, insulation barrier；3rd, two grades of electric cleaners；4th, ammonia activation device；5th, SCR reactors.
Specific embodiment：
Following examples are further illustrated to of the invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Except special instruction, experiment material and reagent in the present invention are the art routine commercial products.
In embodiment, business SCR catalyst is purchased from Chengdu east Kytril environmental protection catalyst Co., Ltd, model honeycomb fashion
16*16mm；Cyclone separator can be realized the powder of the alkali metal containing that particle diameter in tail gas is more than 5 μm with those skilled in the art
The separator that dirt is got rid of.
Dust and the method for discharged nitrous oxides, comprise the following steps in a kind of control tail gas：
(1) tail gas after fuel gas buring is passed through cyclone dust collectors 1, being more than 5 μm with the particle diameter removed in tail gas contains
The dust of alkali metal；
(2) one-level electric cleaner 2 and two grades of electric cleaners 3 will be passed sequentially through by the tail gas of cyclone dust collectors 1, to remove
The dust of remaining a part of alkali metal containing in tail gas, the operating temperature of one-level electric cleaner 2 is 120 DEG C~300 DEG C, and two grades are removed
The operating temperature of dirt device 3 is 50 DEG C~120 DEG C；
(3) ammonia activation gas passage will be first passed through by the tail gas after step (2) treatment, then by SCR reactors 5,
In ammonia activation gas passage while the tail gas after being passed through step (2) treatment, the ammonia after being activated through ammonia activation device 4 is passed through
Gas or liquefied ammonia as nitrogen oxides reducing agent, to reduce the content of nitrogen oxide in tail gas, and remaining alkali metal containing of going out
Dust, make tail gas qualified discharge.
Wherein：NO after the flow of liquefied ammonia or ammonia and burning in tail gasxRelation between content, controls NH3/NOxMole
Than being 1.0~2.0；SCR catalyst is loaded in SCR reactors, the operating temperature of SCR catalyst is 200 DEG C~400 DEG C.
Realize it is above-mentioned control tail gas in dust be with the apparatus structure of the method for discharged nitrous oxides：Including for coagulation simultaneously
The horizontal one-level electric cleaner 2 of just dedusting afterwards, for vertical two grades of electric cleaners 3 of refined dedusting, for liquefied ammonia or ammonia etc. from
Ammonia (the NH of daughter activation3) activator 4, for NOxThe SCR reactors 5 of removing, the tail gas after fuel gas buring passes sequentially through one
After level 2, two grades of electric cleaners 3 of electric cleaner and SCR reactors 5, the clean tail gas for obtaining can be emptied directly.
2 points of one-level electric cleaner is two parts, i.e. dust charged moieties 21 and dust coalescence dust removal part 22, dust charge
Electric part 21 is designed to 2 gas channels of equal diameters of difference positively charged and negatively charged field, middle setting insulation stop
Plate 23, when tail gas by when be divided into 2 strands of equal air-flows of volume, the aerosol of dust/alkali metal containing therein respectively by
On lotus after positive and negative electric charge, into dust coalescence dust removal part 22, herein respectively by the dust of positive and negative electric charge on lotus/containing alkali gold
Category aerosol is collided and increases particle diameter due to attracting each other for positive and negative electric charge, under gravity, realizes dust/containing alkali
The initial gross separation of metal aerosol and flue gas main body.
Two grades of electric cleaners 3 are a vertical electrostatic precipitator, are provided with several identical electrostatic precipitator, electrostatic
How many of the number of deduster and final effect without influence, only with the amount of the tail gas of actual treatment number it is relevant, at this
It is provided with 4~8 groups of structure identical electrostatic precipitator in embodiment, what the number of electrostatic precipitator can be processed according to actual needs
The number of the amount of tail gas determines.Due to the operating temperature reduction of secondary ash collector, exhaust temperature is caused to reduce, more than 90%
In dust surface, remainder is still present in tail gas gas phase to alkali metal containing aerosol condensation adsorption in the form of an aerosol.From one
Level electric cleaner 2 combustion tail gas out in two grades of electric cleaners 3 by charged again, and to dust collector pole in high-strength electrostatic field
Motion, tail gas is able to further deep purifying, to remove alkali metal containing dust therein.Two grades of electric cleaners 3 are to alkali metal containing
The separative efficiency of dust is not less than 99.99%.
Ammonia activation device 4 is a streamer corona plasma device, and streamer corona generating device is DC corona, arteries and veins
A kind of in punching-DC corona, alternating current-direct current superposition corona, liquefied ammonia or ammonia are tool by streamer corona activation in ammonia activation device 4
There are NH, NH of high reaction activity2, N free radicals, and entered with the gas channel in the middle of two grades of electric cleaners 3 by SCR reactors 5
Enter SCR reactors 5.Liquefied ammonia or ammonia flow regard combustion tail gas NOxContent, controls NH3/NOxMol ratio is 1.0~2.0, preferably
It is 1.2.
Two grades of electric cleaners 3 are designed to about one entirety being connected, middle setting NH with SCR reactors 53Activation gas
Body passage, realizes dustless tail gas and NH in passage3The uniform mixing of activated gas.
SCR reactors 5 load business SCR catalyst, and its operating temperature is 200 DEG C~400 DEG C, heating SCR reactors 5 to
The mode of assigned temperature is one kind in combustion tail gas UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN or external Electric heating.
Embodiment 1
Using device as shown in Figure 1, (N content is 0.83%wt to maize straw, and ash content is 10.06%wt, K, Na point
Other content is 2.69%wt, 0.03%wt) the thick combustion gas after gasification burns through kiln, and tail gas removes big portion through cyclone dust collectors 1
After dividing more than the 5 μm dust of particle diameter, into one-level electric cleaner 2, one-level electric cleaner operating temperature is 200 DEG C, gas flow rate
It is 5cm/s, in one-level electric cleaner 2, dust/alkali metal containing aerosol in combustion tail gas with coagulation and increases it by charged
Plus particle diameter, and realize preliminary removing alkali metal containing dedusting；The tail gas of first dedusting enters by 4 groups of structure identical electrostatic precipitator groups
Into two grades of electric cleaners 3 in, two grades of operating temperatures of electric cleaner 3 are 80 DEG C, and gas flow rate is 10cm/s, is existed using tail gas
Two grades of temperature drop effects of electric cleaner 3, make the further condensation adsorption of alkali metal containing aerosol in dust, and by electric cleaner
The high intensity electrostatic field in portion, makes alkali metal containing dust charged and in the presence of electric field force to the polar motion that gathers dust, further
Alkali metal and dust in removing combustion tail gas, obtain dustless alkali metal-free tail gas.Above-mentioned tail gas entrance is filled with business SCR and urges
The Benitration reactor of agent, SCR catalyst is ceramic honey comb V2O5/TiO2Denitrating catalyst, NO usedxReducing agent is NH3, control
NH3/NOxMol ratio is 1.2, and operation temperature is 300 DEG C, and tail gas flow velocity is 3.9m/s, and operation air speed is 150000h-1, experience
100h, 500h, 720h are run, and the tail gas for obtaining is emptied through flue.
Comparative example 1
Reference implementation example 1, difference is to dispense one-level electric cleaner and two grades of electric cleaners, i.e., tail gas is through whirlwind
After deduster dedusting, the Benitration reactor for being filled with business SCR catalyst is directly entered, SCR catalyst is ceramic honey comb V2O5/
TiO2Denitrating catalyst, operation temperature is 300 DEG C, and tail gas flow velocity is 3.9m/s, and operation air speed is 150000h-1, experience 100h,
500h, 720h are run, and the tail gas for obtaining is emptied through flue.
Respectively in the one-level electric cleaner entrance of embodiment 1 and outlet, two grades of electric cleaner outlets, SCR reactor outlets
Sampled point is set, NO, NO of sampled point, embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 are set in the SCR reactor inlets of comparative example 1 and outlet2
Determined using the flue gas analyzers of testo 350, dust sampling by small cyclones separator and low pressure impact sampler (DLPI,
Dekati, purchased from the grand auspicious purification Science and Technology Ltd. in Suzhou) complete, particle diameter is gathered respectively>2 μm, 0.03~2 μm of dust, powder
Dirt quality is weighed by assay balance, and K, Na ion concentration therein is analyzed by ICP (inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph)
Determine.The dust testing result of embodiment 1 referring to table 1, NO, NO of embodiment 1 and comparative example 12Concentration is shown in Table 2.
Table 1
From table 1, after carrying out dedusting using the device in the embodiment of the present invention 1, dust content in clean tail gas compared with
K, Na removal efficiency are respectively 99.7%, 99.8% during protocercal tail gas dust content have dropped 99.1%, and tail gas, with preferable
Alkali metal containing dust removal effect.
Table 2
From table 2, after carrying out denitration using apparatus of the present invention, the operation of 100h, 500h, 720h, nitrogen oxides are experienced
Removal efficiency is always maintained at constant, maintains 89%~90%；And traditional denitration mode is used, due to being provided without effectively except alkali gold
Category dust measure, SCR catalyst inactivation is rapid, and after using 720h, removal of nitrogen oxide rate is only 50%.Therefore, using this
Invention device can maintain commercial catalysts activity higher, and extend its service life, it is to avoid frequently change, and reduction runs into
This, and using the present invention meet national newly-built gas fired-boiler nitrogen oxides (<200mg/m3), dust (<20mg/m3) discharge standard
GB 13271-2014, can qualified discharge.
Embodiment 2
Reference implementation example 1, difference is：
NO usedxReducing agent NH3Through etc. streamer corona ion body activate, streamer corona generating device be DC corona, arteries and veins
A kind of in punching-DC corona, alternating current-direct current superposition corona, the operating temperature of SCR reactors is 200 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Reference implementation example 1, difference is：
The operating temperature of one-level electric cleaner is 120 DEG C, and the operating temperature of secondary ash collector is 50 DEG C, in SCR reactors
SCR catalyst is loaded, the operating temperature of SCR catalyst is 200 DEG C, NO usedxReducing agent is NH3, NH3/NOxMol ratio is
1.0, through etc. streamer corona ion body activate, streamer corona generating device be DC corona, pulse-DC corona, alternating current-direct current fold
A kind of, NO, NO during power-up is dizzy2Determination method with embodiment 1, NO, NO of embodiment 1 and comparative example 12Concentration Testing knot
Fruit is as shown in table 3.
Embodiment 4
Reference implementation example 1, difference is：
The operating temperature of one-level electric cleaner is 300 DEG C, and the operating temperature of secondary ash collector is 120 DEG C, in SCR reactors
SCR catalyst is loaded, the operating temperature of SCR catalyst is 400 DEG C, NO usedxReducing agent is liquefied ammonia, NH3/NOxMol ratio is
2.0, through etc. streamer corona ion body activate, streamer corona generating device be DC corona, pulse-DC corona, alternating current-direct current fold
A kind of, NO, NO during power-up is dizzy2Determination method with embodiment 1, NO, NO of embodiment 1 and comparative example 12Concentration Testing knot
Fruit is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
From table 3, due to using NH3Plasma activation, embodiment 2 is improved than the removal of nitrogen oxide rate of embodiment 1
5%~6%, and using remaining to after 720h to keep activity stabilized.The difference of embodiment 3 and embodiment 2 is NH3/NOxMole
Than being reduced to 1.0 from 1.2, the removal efficiency of nitrogen oxides slightly has reduction, illustrates to improve NH3/NOxMol ratio can by a small margin improve NOx
Removal efficiency.But improve SCR temperature of reactor and be unfavorable for that NOx removal reacts, risen from 200 DEG C from table 3, but SCR reaction temperatures
To 400 DEG C, NOx removal rate reduction about 2%~3% can be made, illustrate the optimal use temperature of the commercial catalysts no more than 300
DEG C, wherein in embodiment 2, NH3/NOxMol ratio be 1.2, SCR temperature in use be 200 DEG C when, the removal effect of NOx is best.
The method of dust and discharged nitrous oxides and the dress of the method is realized in the control tail gas for providing the present invention above
Put and be described in detail, the explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands that technical scheme and its core are thought
Think, it is noted that to those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also be right
The present invention carries out some improvement and modification, and these are improved and modification is also fallen into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for controlling dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) tail gas after fuel gas buring is passed through cyclone dust collectors, with the alkali metal containing that the particle diameter removed in tail gas is more than 5 μm
Dust；
(2) will be by the tail gas of cyclone dust collectors by electric cleaner, to remove remaining a part of alkali metal containing in tail gas
Dust；
(3) SCR reactors will be passed through by the tail gas after step (2) treatment, to reduce the content of nitrogen oxide in tail gas, and
The dust of remaining alkali metal containing in tail gas is removed, makes tail gas qualified discharge.
2. in control tail gas according to claim 1 dust and discharged nitrous oxides method, it is characterised in that：Step
(2) electric cleaner described in includes one-level electric cleaner and two grades of electric cleaners.
3. in control tail gas according to claim 1 and 2 dust and discharged nitrous oxides method, it is characterised in that：Step
Suddenly ammonia activation gas passage is first passed through by the tail gas after step (2) treatment in (3), then by SCR reactors, ammonia activation
In gas passage while the tail gas after being passed through step (2) treatment, ammonia or liquefied ammonia after being activated through ammonia activation device are passed through
As the reducing agent of nitrogen oxide in tail gas.
4. in control tail gas according to claim 3 dust and discharged nitrous oxides method, it is characterised in that：Described
NO after liquefied ammonia or ammonia and burning in tail gasxMol ratio be 1.0~2.0.
5. in control tail gas according to claim 2 dust and discharged nitrous oxides method, it is characterised in that：Described
One-level electric cleaner operating temperature is 120 DEG C~300 DEG C, and the operating temperature of described secondary ash collector is 50 DEG C~120 DEG C, institute
SCR catalyst is loaded in the SCR reactors stated, the operating temperature of described SCR catalyst is 200 DEG C~400 DEG C.
6. in control tail gas according to claim 5 dust and discharged nitrous oxides method, it is characterised in that：Described
One-level electric cleaner operating temperature is 200 DEG C, and the operating temperature of described secondary ash collector is 80 DEG C, described SCR catalyst
Operating temperature be 300 DEG C.
7. in a kind of control tail gas realized described in claim 1 method of dust and discharged nitrous oxides device, its feature
It is：Including one-level electric cleaner, one end of described one-level electric cleaner connects with cyclone dust collectors, the other end and two grades of electricity
Deduster is connected, and the entrance of the tail gas after being passed through fuel gas buring is provided with described cyclone dust collectors, and two grades of described electricity are removed
Dirt device top is provided with ammonia activation gas passage, and described ammonia activation gas passage top is provided with SCR reactors, described
One-level electric cleaner include dust charged moieties and dust coalescence dust removal part, described dust charged moieties include positively charged
Gas channel, the gas channel of negatively charged field and be arranged at described positively charged gas channel and described band it is negative
Insulation barrier between the gas channel of electric field.
8. realization according to claim 7 controls the device of the method for dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas, its feature
It is：Described SCR reactors, described ammonia activation gas passage and two grades of described electric cleaners are designed to one up and down
It is overall.
9. realization according to claim 8 controls the device of the method for dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas, its feature
It is：Described ammonia activation gas passage outside is provided with the ammonia activation device entrance for activating ammonia or liquefied ammonia.
10. realization according to claim 7 controls the device of the method for dust and discharged nitrous oxides in tail gas, its feature
It is：Two grades of described electric cleaners are composed in series by several identical vertical electro static precipitators.
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| CN106880996B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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