CN106876702B - A kind of preparation method and application of sodium-ion battery cathode - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and application of sodium-ion battery cathode Download PDF

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CN106876702B
CN106876702B CN201710069960.7A CN201710069960A CN106876702B CN 106876702 B CN106876702 B CN 106876702B CN 201710069960 A CN201710069960 A CN 201710069960A CN 106876702 B CN106876702 B CN 106876702B
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sodium chloride
coal tar
tar pitch
sodium
ion battery
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CN106876702A (en
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邱介山
肖南
王玉伟
郝明远
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/581Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
    • H01M4/5815Sulfides
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to nano material production technical field, a kind of sodium-ion battery cathode coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon coats the preparation method and application of few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.Preparation method includes following procedure: saturated aqueous sodium chloride is added dropwise in dehydrated alcohol, sodium chloride template is made in dry cake after suction filtration, coal tar pitch resin, four thio ammonium molybdate, pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate and sodium chloride template are added to by a certain percentage in N-methyl pyrrolidones, agitating and heating solvent evaporated carries out carbonization treatment, it is cooled to room temperature taking-up, it adopts and sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, obtain target material after dry and be applied particularly in sodium-ion battery.The invention has the advantages that: the carbon source and pore creating material used is from a wealth of sources, cheap;Sodium chloride template and N-methyl pyrrolidinone solvent can be recycled, at low cost;Target material shows higher reversible storage sodium capacity and preferable high rate performance as anode material of lithium-ion battery.

Description

A kind of preparation method and application of sodium-ion battery cathode
Technical field
Wataru of the present invention and a kind of sodium-ion battery cathode coat few layer molybdenum disulfide with coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon and receive The preparation method and application of rice box, belongs to nano material production technical field.
Background technique
Electric energy is the critical energy for maintaining human society operation and development, and needs largely to store up during the utilization of electric energy It can device.Lithium ion battery has the excellent properties such as high voltage, high-energy density and long circulation life, obtains in daily life It is widely applied.But lithium resource content in the earth's crust is limited and is unevenly distributed, and in the case where not considering recycling, has verified lithium Resource reserve is only able to satisfy the demand of human future decades.Thus make using lithium ion battery as extensive energy storage device With, however it remains it is some to be difficult to overcome the problems, such as.In view of sodium and lithium have similar physicochemical properties and similar storage Mechanism, and rich reserves, the cost of raw material are cheap in nature, sodium-ion battery has huge for large-scale energy storage system Potentiality.
Electrode material is the critical issue in sodium-ion battery technology, for negative electrode material, novel sodium-ion battery master It will be using amorphous carbon, metal sulfide, tin, antimony etc..Wherein the conductive good, structure of amorphous carbon is easy to regulation, cost The advantages that low, good cycling stability, but its to store up sodium specific capacity limited.Laminated metal sulfide specific capacity with higher, still Poorly conductive, and volume change is obvious in cyclic process, capacity attenuation is rapid.Xie X [Xie X, Makaryan T, Zhao M, et al. MoS2 Nanosheets Vertically Aligned on Carbon Paper: A Freestanding Electrode for Highly Reversible Sodium‐Ion Batteries [J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2015, DOI:10.1002/aenm.201502161] by molybdenum disulfide nano sheet vertical-growth on carbon paper It is prepared for carbon/molybdenum disulfide composite material, but since molybdenum disulfide nano sheet is not coated by carbon base body, and nanometer sheet is multilayer The reasons such as structure, the specific capacity and high rate performance of material are still not ideal enough.Carbon coating is lacked layer molybdenum disulfide structure and can obviously be pressed down Volume change in charge and discharge process processed, while carbon substrate ensure that the good electric conductivity of composite material, be expected to obtain specific capacity High, good cycling stability anode material of lithium-ion battery.
The microscopic appearance and structure of C-base composte material will affect material and electrolyte contacts area, sodium ion diffusion path Deng finally influencing material electrochemical performance.Nanometer box is the nanostructure assembled by two-dimensional nano piece, is had and electrolysis The advantages that liquid contact area is big, and sodium ion transmission path is short is expected to prepare high performance electrode material.Traditional carbon-based nano box with Di-iron trioxide nano particle etc. is template, needs pickling to remove removing template, preparation process complexity and environment easy to pollute after carbonization, no Conducive to large-scale production.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of sodium-ion battery cathode to be dripped with coal Green resin base amorphous carbon coats the preparation method and application of few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.The preparation method preparation process letter Single, raw material sources are abundant, and prepared composite material, which is used as sodium-ion battery cathode, has that specific capacity is high, good rate capability and follow The advantages that ring is had excellent performance.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, in the presence of solving the problems, such as prior art, technical solution that the present invention takes Be: a kind of sodium-ion battery cathode coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon coats the preparation side of few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, at room temperature, saturated aqueous sodium chloride is added dropwise in dehydrated alcohol, and dry cake is made after suction filtration Sodium chloride template, the saturated aqueous sodium chloride and dehydrated alcohol mass ratio are 1:5-30, and filtration cakes torrefaction temperature is controlled in 80- 120 oC, drying time control in 2-10 h;
Coal tar pitch resin is dissolved in N-methyl pyrrolidones by step 2, and four thio ammonium molybdate and the poly- first of pore creating material is added The sodium chloride template as made from step 1 is added in base methyl acrylate thereto after being completely dissolved, stir lower solvent evaporated, described Solvent vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled in 150-210oThe mass ratio of C, coal tar pitch resin and N-methyl pyrrolidones is 1:5-50, coal drip The mass ratio of green resin and pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate is 1:0.1-2, the matter of coal tar pitch resin and four thio ammonium molybdate Ratio is measured as 1:0.5-5, the mass ratio of coal tar pitch resin and sodium chloride template is 1:1-20;
Step 3, the mixture for obtaining step 2 carry out carbonization treatment under inert gas protection, and temperature is with 2 ~ 10oC/ Min heating rate rises to 600-900oC, constant temperature 1-3 h, the inert gas are selected from one of nitrogen or argon gas;
Sample after step 3 carbonization treatment is cooled to room temperature by step 4, adopts and sodium chloride template is washed with deionized simultaneously It is dried, temperature is controlled in 90-120oC, time control in 3-10 h, and it is amorphous to obtain target material coal tar pitch resin base Carbon coating lacks layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.
The preparation method prepares coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box in sodium ion Application in battery.
The medicine have the advantages that a kind of sodium-ion battery cathode coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon coats few two sulphur of layer Change the preparation method and application of molybdenum nanometer box, wherein preparation method is the following steps are included: (1) at room temperature, sodium chloride is saturated Aqueous solution is added dropwise in dehydrated alcohol, and sodium chloride template is made in dry cake after suction filtration, and coal tar pitch resin is dissolved in nitrogen by (2) In methyl pyrrolidone, four thio ammonium molybdate and pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate is added, is added thereto after being completely dissolved The sodium chloride template as made from step 1 stirs lower solvent evaporated, and the mixture that (3) obtain step 2 is under inert gas protection Carbonization treatment is carried out, the sample after step 3 carbonization treatment is cooled to room temperature, adopts and sodium chloride template is washed with deionized by (4) And be dried, it obtains target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.With existing skill Art is compared, the invention has the following advantages that first is that, carbon source used in the present invention and pore creating material are from a wealth of sources, cheap;Two It is that preparation method is simple, it is environmentally protective using water-soluble sodium chloride template;Third is that sodium chloride template and N-methyl pyrroles Alkanone solvent can be recycled, lower production costs, it is easy to accomplish large-scale production;Fourth is that molybdenum disulfide is dispersed with few layer In carbon substrate, be conducive to sufficiently inhibit volume change in charge and discharge process;Fifth is that coal tar pitch resin base prepared by the present invention without Setting carbon coating lacks layer molybdenum disulfide nano box as anode material of lithium-ion battery and shows higher reversible storage sodium capacity, Preferable high rate performance and excellent cycle performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box Stereoscan photograph figure.
Fig. 2 is that coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box Transmission electron microscope photo figure.
Fig. 3 is that coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box X ray diffracting spectrum.
Fig. 4 is that coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box Charge-discharge performance curve graph in sodium ion half-cell under different current densities.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
At room temperature, 100 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 500 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 100 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 2 h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 60 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto 3 g four thio ammonium molybdates, 1 g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate are added, 20 g sodium chloride templates are added after being completely dissolved, 205 oAgitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones in C oil bath;Obtained mixture is carbonized, in tube furnace under argon gas protection With 5oC/min is warming up to 700oC, 2 h of constant temperature, takes out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 90 oC dries 8 h, and target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon is made and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.It is scanned Electromicroscopic photograph figure as shown in Figure 1, transmission electron microscope photo figure as shown in Fig. 2, X ray diffracting spectrum is as shown in Figure 3.By target material With acetylene black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, in glove box Middle assembling sodium-ion battery.Battery performance, charging/discharging voltage are tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system Range is 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 552.9 mAh g-1, Its charge-discharge performance curve graph is as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 2
At room temperature, 150 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 1000 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 100 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 2 h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 40 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto 3 g four thio ammonium molybdates, 2 g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylates are added, 20 g sodium chloride templates are added after being completely dissolved, 200 oAgitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones in C oil bath;Obtained mixture is carbonized, in tube furnace under argon gas protection With 5oC/min is warming up to 800oC, 1 h of constant temperature, takes out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 90 oC dries 10h, and target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon is made and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.By target Material and acetylene black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, in hand Sodium-ion battery is assembled in casing.Battery performance, charge and discharge are tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system Voltage range is 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 514.3 mAh g-1
Embodiment 3
At room temperature, 130 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 700 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 80 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 10 h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 80 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto 2 g four thio ammonium molybdates, 1g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate are added, are added 20 g sodium chloride templates after being completely dissolved, 200oAgitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones in C oil bath;Obtained mixture is carbonized, with 5 under argon gas protection in tube furnaceoC/min is warming up to 700oC, 2 h of constant temperature, takes out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 90oC Dry 8h is made target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.By target material with Acetylene black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, in glove box Assemble sodium-ion battery.Battery performance, charging/discharging voltage model are tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system It encloses for 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 473.1 mAh g-1
Embodiment 4
At room temperature, 90 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 500 g dehydrated alcohols, are filtered and by filter cake 90oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 2h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 60 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, are added thereto 4g four thio ammonium molybdate, 1g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate, are added 20 g sodium chloride templates after being completely dissolved, and 200oC oil Agitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones in bath;Obtained mixture is carbonized, with 5 under argon gas protection in tube furnaceoC/ Min is warming up to 700oC, constant temperature 3h take out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 100oC is dry 4h is made target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.By target material and acetylene Black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, is assembled in glove box Sodium-ion battery.Battery performance is tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system, charging/discharging voltage range is 0.01-3 V measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 546.8 mAh g-1
Embodiment 5
At room temperature, 100 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 500 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 100 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 5h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 60 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto 3g four thio ammonium molybdate, 2g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate is added, 20 g sodium chloride templates are added after being completely dissolved, 205oAgitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones in C oil bath;Obtained mixture is carbonized, in tube furnace under argon gas protection with 5 oC/min is warming up to 900oC, constant temperature 1h take out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 100oC dries 5h, and target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon is made and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.By target material With acetylene black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, in glove box Middle assembling sodium-ion battery.Battery performance, charging/discharging voltage are tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system Range is 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 533.7 mAh g-1
Embodiment 6
At room temperature, 130 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 700 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 90 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 5h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 50 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto plus Enter 3g four thio ammonium molybdate, 1g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate, is added 10 g sodium chloride templates after being completely dissolved, 200oC Agitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones in oil bath;Obtained mixture is carbonized, with 5 under argon gas protection in tube furnaceoC/ Min is warming up to 800oC, constant temperature 2h take out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 90oC is dry 10h is made target material coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon and coats few layer molybdenum disulfide nano box.By target material and acetylene Black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, is assembled in glove box Sodium-ion battery.Battery performance is tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system, charging/discharging voltage range is 0.01-3 V measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 548.2 mAh g-1
Comparative example 1
At room temperature, 100 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 500 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 100 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 2h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 60 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto 1g pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate is added, addition 20g sodium chloride template after being completely dissolved, 200oAgitating and heating in C oil bath It is evaporated N-methyl pyrrolidones;Obtained mixture is carbonized, with 5 under argon gas protection in tube furnaceoC/min is warming up to 700oC, Constant temperature 2h takes out after being cooled to room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 100oC dries 5h, and composite wood is made Material.By composite material and acetylene black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is Copper foil assembles sodium-ion battery in glove box.Battery electrochemical is tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system Can, charging/discharging voltage range is 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity reach 276.4 mAh g-1
Comparative example 2
At room temperature, 90 g saturated aqueous sodium chlorides are added dropwise in 500 g dehydrated alcohols, filter and filter cake exists 100 oC is dry, and sodium chloride template is made in 2h;2 g coal tar pitch resins are dissolved in 60 g N-methyl pyrrolidones, thereto 3 g four thio ammonium molybdates are added, addition 20g sodium chloride template after being completely dissolved, 200oAgitating and heating is evaporated N-methyl in C oil bath Pyrrolidones;Obtained mixture is carbonized, with 5 under argon gas protection in tube furnaceoC/min is warming up to 700oC, constant temperature 2h are cold But to taking out after room temperature, then sodium chloride template is washed with deionized, 100oC dries 5h, and composite material is made.It will be compound Material and acetylene black, PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) according to 7:2:1 mass ratio preparation negative electrode material, collector is copper foil, in hand Sodium-ion battery is assembled in casing.Battery performance, charge and discharge are tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system Voltage range is 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible capacity up to 432.7 mAh g-1
Four thio ammonium molybdate is added without from comparative example 1(), comparative example 2(is added without pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate) system The composite material obtained is found out compared with embodiment 1 to 6, and battery electrification is tested on Land CT2001A type battery test system Performance is learned, charging/discharging voltage range is 0.01-3 V, measures the material in 0.1 A g of charge-discharge velocity-1Under conditions of reversible appearance Amount significantly reduces.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of sodium-ion battery cathode coats the preparation method of molybdenum disulfide nano box with coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon, Characterized by the following steps:
Step 1, at room temperature, saturated aqueous sodium chloride is added dropwise in dehydrated alcohol, and chlorination is made in dry cake after suction filtration Sodium template, the saturated aqueous sodium chloride and dehydrated alcohol mass ratio are 1:5-30, and filtration cakes torrefaction temperature is controlled in 80-120oC, drying time control in 2-10 h;
Coal tar pitch resin is dissolved in N-methyl pyrrolidones by step 2, and four thio ammonium molybdate and the poly- methyl-prop of pore creating material is added The sodium chloride template as made from step 1 is added in e pioic acid methyl ester thereto after being completely dissolved, stir lower solvent evaporated, the solvent Vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled in 150-210oThe mass ratio of C, coal tar pitch resin and N-methyl pyrrolidones is 1:5-50, coal tar pitch tree The mass ratio of rouge and pore creating material polymethyl methacrylate is 1:0.1-2, the mass ratio of coal tar pitch resin and four thio ammonium molybdate For 1:0.5-5, the mass ratio of coal tar pitch resin and sodium chloride template is 1:1-20;
Step 3, the mixture for obtaining step 2 carry out carbonization treatment under nitrogen or argon, and temperature is with 2 ~ 10oC/min Heating rate rises to 600-900oC, constant temperature 1-3 h;
Sample after step 3 carbonization treatment is cooled to room temperature by step 4, adopts and sodium chloride template is washed with deionized and carries out Dry, temperature is controlled in 90-120oC, time control in 3-10 h, obtain target material coal tar pitch resin Ji Wudingxingtanbao Cover molybdenum disulfide nano box.
2. the coal tar pitch resin base amorphous carbon of preparation method preparation coats molybdenum disulfide nano box according to claim 1 Application in sodium-ion battery.
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