CN106872798B - Array signal filtering and amplitude detection method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for filtering and detecting array signals, which comprises the steps of sampling data of each electromagnetic induction subunit in a passive array magnetic induction antenna device through a high-frequency analog-to-digital converter, integrating a plurality of data into a data frame, judging whether the data frame conforms to the extreme value or the data of the zero point through judging the extreme value and the zero point of the data frame, if the data frame does not conform to the extreme value or the data of the zero point is continuously judged for the next data frame, otherwise, extracting the amplitude of the current data frame, sequentially extracting the amplitudes of the rest electromagnetic induction subunits after the amplitudes are stored, shortening the integral scanning period, and greatly improving the amplitude extraction precision through the data collected near the extreme value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic inspection of line patrol of aircrafts in the power transmission and distribution industry of a power system, in particular to a method for filtering and detecting amplitude of an array signal.
Background
At present, the maintenance, detection, first-aid repair and other operations of a power transmission line by a power company basically divide tasks according to sections and inspect the line patrol condition by depending on a manual site. The timeliness and accuracy of the line defect discovery depend on the service capability of the patrol officer, the responsibility center and the supervision and inspection implementation of the team management personnel, and various accidents caused by the fact that the patrol is not in place can not be avoided. Meanwhile, some power transmission lines are erected in deep forests, wetlands and mountain areas, personnel can slowly and difficultly arrive at the power transmission lines with low efficiency, regular inspection and maintenance cannot be achieved, and inspection difficulty is higher under severe natural conditions such as ice and snow, earthquakes and flood disasters. At present, the main method for replacing manual line inspection is to adopt unmanned aerial vehicle inspection operation, including two operation modes of remote control inspection flight and autonomous obstacle avoidance tracking inspection flight, wherein the two operation modes both need the aircraft to keep reasonable distance and relative position with the power transmission line, and the line tracking and obstacle avoidance technology is convenient. Therefore, the aerial tracking sensing device is designed and provided, which is carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle, can automatically identify the spatial position of the power transmission line, further provides navigation, tracking and control signals for the aerial vehicle, realizes the functions of obstacle avoidance and automatic tracking and line patrol flight of the aerial vehicle, has very wide market prospect, and does not have a response technology for monitoring the signal filtering and amplitude of the aerial tracking sensing device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for filtering and detecting an array signal, which aims to quickly and efficiently filter and monitor an array signal acquired when a line needs to be identified in the line inspection process of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an array signal filtering and amplitude detection method comprises the following steps:
step A: the passive array magnetic induction antenna device which is arranged by a plurality of electromagnetic induction subunit arrays is controlled and collected by an array scanning and collecting controller: during collection, selecting an electromagnetic induction subunit as a sampling start, continuously sampling the passive array magnetic induction antenna device by the array scanning and collection controller by controlling the high-speed analog-to-digital converter at a sampling rate with the frequency of U, forming a data frame by N collected data, and sequentially sending the obtained data frame to the array scanning and collection controller;
and B: the array scanning and acquisition controller sequentially performs digital filtering and threshold comparison on the N data in the acquired current data frame and judges whether the N data is an extreme point or a zero point;
and C: if the condition of the current data frame does not meet the extreme point or zero point condition, sampling judgment of the next data frame is carried out; otherwise, the current data frame meets the extreme point or zero point condition, and the next data frame is stopped to be received;
step D: carrying out amplitude extraction processing on the average value of the data frames meeting the extreme point or zero point condition, storing the amplitude, and finishing the scanning acquisition of the current sampling unit;
step E: and repeating the steps A-D to scan and collect other sampling units according to the sampling sequence until all scanning of the set time period is completed.
In the step D, since the sampling is performed continuously, a certain amount of nearby point data is obtained or simultaneously with the extremum data, and theoretically, the signal amplitude parameter can be obtained from the extremum point data and any nearby point data, but the final amplitude parameter error can be corrected by the participation of a plurality of nearby point data in the calculation, so as to improve the accuracy, and the correction process of the accuracy error includes the following steps:
step D1: measured curve expression
Extreme value of the measured curve is
Step D2: if Y ispIs the maximum value, then Yp＝Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
if Y ispIs the minimum value, then Yp＝-Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
step D3: if Y ispIs zero, then there is
Combining any of the proximity data
Set up a system of equations to solve, where only AmAnd
two unknowns, and thus the amplitude can also be obtained.
The passive array magnetic induction antenna device comprises a substrate, wherein a driving circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a resonance sampling circuit and a plurality of magnetic induction sub-units are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of electromagnetic induction sub-unit arrays are uniformly arranged and are marked as M × N column matrixes, the driving circuit comprises a row main driving circuit, M row driving circuits, N column driving circuits and M × N AND gate circuits, and the magnetic induction sub-units correspond to the AND gate circuits one by one; the line main driving circuit, the M line driving circuits and the N line driving circuits are all NPN triodes, the electromagnetic induction subunit in which each line is located corresponds to one line NPN triode for driving, the electromagnetic induction subunit in which each column is located corresponds to one column NPN triode for driving, and the line main driving circuit is one line main driving NPN triode;
the electromagnetic induction subunit comprises a pair of inductance coils, a first low on-resistance switching tube and a second low on-resistance switching tube, wherein the pair of inductance coils are formed by connecting two inductors which are distributed orthogonally in series, one end of each inductance coil is connected with a collector electrode of the second low on-resistance switching tube, and an emitter electrode of the first low on-resistance switching tube is simultaneously connected with an emitter electrode of the second low on-resistance switching tube;
the emitter of the second low on-resistance switching tube in any one of the electromagnetic inductor units in the same row is connected with the collector of the NPN triode in the row corresponding to the emitter; emitting electrodes of the M-1 line NPN triodes are connected with collecting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes, emitting electrodes of the remaining line NPN triodes are connected with emitting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes, the emitting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes are grounded, and base electrodes of the M line NPN triodes and the line main driving NPN triodes are input ends of a driving circuit;
the collector of the first low-on-resistance switching tube in any one row of electromagnetic induction subunits is connected with the emitter of the corresponding NPN triode in the row, meanwhile, from bottom to top, the other end of a pair of inductance coils in the lower electromagnetic induction subunit is connected with the emitter of the second low-on-resistance switching tube in the upper electromagnetic induction subunit adjacent to the other end of the pair of inductance coils in the uppermost electromagnetic induction subunit in the same row, and the other end of the pair of inductance coils in the uppermost electromagnetic induction subunit in the same row is connected with the emitter of the corresponding NPN triode in the row;
the base electrode of any one of the NPN triodes in the row is simultaneously connected with the base electrode of the first low-on-resistance switching tube in any one of the electromagnetic inductor units in the row and the first input end of any one of the AND circuits in the row; the base electrode of any column NPN triode is respectively connected with the second input end of any AND gate circuit in the column, and the output end of any AND gate circuit is connected with the base electrode of the second low-on-resistance switching tube in the corresponding electromagnetic inductor unit;
and collectors of the N column NPN triodes are connected with each other and then are respectively connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit and the input end of the sampling circuit.
The resonant sampling circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors and low-resistance switches, wherein one end of a first capacitor is connected with the output end of the stabilized voltage power supply, the other end of the first capacitor is grounded, one ends of the rest capacitors are also connected with the output end of the stabilized voltage power supply, and the other ends of the rest capacitors are grounded through the low-resistance switches.
The low-resistance switch adopts a two-way low-on resistance analog switch device MAX 4608.
And the capacitor in the resonance sampling circuit is a monolithic capacitor.
The inductance coil adopts a spiral tube inductance coil.
The resonant sampling circuit is characterized by further comprising a socket, wherein the socket is arranged on one side of the substrate, and each connection wire of the resonant sampling circuit is connected with the socket.
The invention samples data of each electromagnetic induction subunit in the passive array magnetic induction antenna device through the high-frequency analog-to-digital converter, integrates a plurality of data into one data frame, judges the extreme value and the zero point of the data frame to determine whether the data frame accords with the extreme value or the zero point data, if not, continuously judges the data of the next data frame, otherwise, extracts the amplitude of the current data frame, and extracts the amplitudes of the rest electromagnetic induction subunits in sequence after storing the amplitudes, the integral scanning period is short, and the amplitude extraction precision can be greatly improved through the data collected near the extreme value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a passive array magnetic induction antenna apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial wiring of the single electromagnetic induction subunit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a resonant sampling circuit and an equivalent circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of the extreme value of the sinusoidal signal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention comprises the steps of:
step A: the passive array magnetic induction antenna device which is arranged by a plurality of electromagnetic induction subunit arrays is controlled and collected by an array scanning and collecting controller: selecting an electromagnetic induction subunit as a sampling start, controlling a high-speed analog-to-digital converter by an array scanning and acquisition controller to continuously sample the passive array magnetic induction antenna device at a sampling rate (the period is 1/U) with the frequency of U, forming a data frame by N acquired data, and sequentially sending the obtained data frame to the array scanning and acquisition controller; the array magnetic induction antenna device comprises a substrate, wherein a driving circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a resonance sampling circuit and a plurality of magnetic induction sub-units are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of electromagnetic induction sub-units are uniformly arranged in an array and are marked as an M x N array matrix, the driving circuit comprises a row main driving circuit, M row driving circuits, N row driving circuits and M x N AND gate circuits, and the magnetic induction sub-units correspond to the AND gate circuits one by one; the line main driving circuit, the M line driving circuits and the N line driving circuits are all NPN triodes, the electromagnetic induction subunit in which each line is located corresponds to one line NPN triode for driving, the electromagnetic induction subunit in which each column is located corresponds to one column NPN triode for driving, and the line main driving circuit is one line main driving NPN triode;
the electromagnetic induction subunit comprises a pair of inductance coils, a first low on-resistance switching tube and a second low on-resistance switching tube, wherein the pair of inductance coils are formed by connecting two inductors which are distributed orthogonally in series, one end of each inductance coil is connected with a collector electrode of the second low on-resistance switching tube, and an emitter electrode of the first low on-resistance switching tube is simultaneously connected with an emitter electrode of the second low on-resistance switching tube; the inductance coil adopts a spiral tube inductance coil.
The emitter of the second low on-resistance switching tube in any one of the electromagnetic inductor units in the same row is connected with the collector of the NPN triode in the row corresponding to the emitter; emitting electrodes of the M-1 line NPN triodes are connected with collecting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes, emitting electrodes of the remaining line NPN triodes are connected with emitting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes, the emitting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes are grounded, and base electrodes of the M line NPN triodes and the line main driving NPN triodes are input ends of a driving circuit;
the collector of the first low-on-resistance switching tube in any one row of electromagnetic induction subunits is connected with the emitter of the corresponding NPN triode in the row, meanwhile, from bottom to top, the other end of a pair of inductance coils in the lower electromagnetic induction subunit is connected with the emitter of the second low-on-resistance switching tube in the upper electromagnetic induction subunit adjacent to the other end of the pair of inductance coils in the uppermost electromagnetic induction subunit in the same row, and the other end of the pair of inductance coils in the uppermost electromagnetic induction subunit in the same row is connected with the emitter of the corresponding NPN triode in the row;
the base electrode of any one of the NPN triodes in the row is simultaneously connected with the base electrode of the first low-on-resistance switching tube in any one of the electromagnetic inductor units in the row and the first input end of any one of the AND circuits in the row; the base electrode of any column NPN triode is respectively connected with the second input end of any AND gate circuit in the column, and the output end of any AND gate circuit is connected with the base electrode of the second low-on-resistance switching tube in the corresponding electromagnetic inductor unit;
the collectors of the N column NPN triodes are connected with each other and then are respectively connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit and the input end of the sampling circuit; the resonant sampling circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors and low-resistance switches, wherein the first end of each capacitor is connected with the output end of the stabilized voltage power supply, the other end of each capacitor is grounded, one ends of the rest capacitors are also connected with the output end of the stabilized voltage power supply, and the other ends of the rest capacitors are grounded through the low-resistance switches. And the capacitor in the resonance sampling circuit is a monolithic capacitor. The resonance sampling circuit is composed of a plurality of parallel capacitors which are connected controllably, and the capacitance values corresponding to the resonance sampling equivalent capacitors are different in different scanning acquisition working modes so as to match different resonance equivalent inductors. As shown in FIG. 4, in the embodiment of the invention, the resonant sampling circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors and low-resistance switches, wherein the capacitor C3One end connected to the output of the voltage-stabilized source and the other end connected to ground, C4And C5One end of the capacitor is also connected with the output end of the voltage-stabilized power supply, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded through the low-resistance switch. The data group acquired by the resonant sampling circuit is subjected to amplitude discrimination processing and storage according to a designed algorithm through an array scanning and acquisition controller, so that 50H can be obtainedZThe amplitude sampling time of each single period of the alternating current signal is shortened to be less than 5 ms. After gating, sampling, amplitude discrimination processing and storing of a certain unit (or a certain column or a certain row), repeating operation of the next unit (the next column or the next row) is carried out in sequence until the operation of all units is completed, and the operation is a complete scanning sampling period. The sensing array component continuously works in a cyclic reciprocating mode according to the process under the control of the array scanning and acquisition controller. A further equivalent circuit in which the equivalent capacitance C is dependent onAt the resonant capacitor selection control D12And D13，D12And D13Corresponds to the array scan mode of operation, as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The low-resistance switch adopts a two-way low-on resistance analog switch device MAX 4608; c3，C4，C5The capacitor adopts a monolithic capacitor.
For 50HZThe power frequency signal of (1) can be obtained from a calculation formula of the resonant frequency
Wherein f is0＝50HZThen there is
In the application example, if L is 100MH, the above formula is substituted to calculate
C＝101.32pF
Taking C as 100pF, according to different scanning working modes, corresponding to the upper table and circuit diagram, the C can be calculated3，C4And C5。
The sensing array device is used as a link for detecting and detecting magnetic field information around the power transmission line, is controlled by a scanning acquisition control link to realize acquisition of magnetic field distribution state and strength information, and then is used for solving information such as the position, the distance and the like of a detected target (a high-voltage power transmission line) by a subsequent data signal processing link.
And B: the array scanning and acquisition controller sequentially performs digital filtering and threshold comparison on the N data in the acquired current data frame and judges whether the N data is an extreme point or a zero point;
and C: if the condition of the current data frame does not meet the extreme point or zero point condition, sampling judgment of the next data frame is carried out; otherwise, the current data frame meets the extreme point or zero point condition, and the next data frame is stopped to be received;
step D: carrying out amplitude extraction processing on the average value of the data frames meeting the extreme point or zero point condition, storing the amplitude, and finishing the scanning acquisition of the current sampling unit;
step E: and repeating the steps A-D to scan and collect other sampling units according to the sampling sequence until all scanning of the set time period is completed.
In the step D, since the sampling is performed continuously, a certain amount of nearby point data is obtained or simultaneously with the extremum data, and theoretically, the signal amplitude parameter can be obtained from the extremum point data and any nearby point data, but the final amplitude parameter error can be corrected by the participation of a plurality of nearby point data in the calculation, so as to improve the accuracy, and the correction process of the accuracy error includes the following steps:
step D1: measured curve expression
Extreme value of the measured curve is
Step D2: if Y ispIs the maximum value, then Yp＝Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
if Y ispIs the minimum value, then Yp＝-Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
step D3: if Y ispIs zero, then there is
Bonding ofAny neighbor data
Set up a system of equations to solve, where only AmAnd
two unknowns, and thus the amplitude can also be obtained.
The socket is arranged on one side of the substrate, and each connection wire of the resonance sampling circuit is connected with the socket. The socket is 24 lines, and is connected with 10 lines of the column driving circuit, 11 lines of the row driving circuit, 1 path of ground wire, 1 path of power line and 1 path of signal output line.
The invention can set and convert various scanning and sampling working modes through the array scanning and sampling controller so as to adapt to different application requirements. The high-precision voltage stabilizing circuit provides a high-stability direct-current power supply for the antenna device, the array scanning and acquisition controller controls the column driving circuit and the row driving circuit, the units of the n x m matrix can be sequentially gated according to a set sequence, or the units are arranged in a row by row, or all the units are arranged in a row by row, the gated electromagnetic induction coils and the resonant sampling equivalent capacitors form a resonant signal collector, and the collected electromagnetic induction signals are processed by the filter conditioning circuit and then are subjected to high-speed sampling by the high-speed analog-to-digital converter.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below; it should be understood that the preferred embodiments are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The 10 x 10 matrix type electromagnetic field sensing array has 100 magnetic induction units distributed in 10 rows and 10 columns,
in the magnetic induction units, each magnetic induction unit consists of 2 inductance coils and 2 low-on-resistance switching tubes, and two inductance values L1＝L2The coils with the external shape of 9 multiplied by 12mm which is 50mH are respectively arranged on the front and the back of the circuit board and are distributed orthogonally. When the column drive and row drive are active (high level), the inductance of the corresponding cell is gated (L)1And L2) And a resonant capacitorC forms a parallel resonance sampling circuit, the scanning and sampling working modes are different under the control of a low-on-resistance switching tube, the values of corresponding C are different, and the parallel resonance sampling circuit works in a line-by-line scanning and collecting mode C-C3The point-by-point scanning acquisition mode C is C3And C4Is in parallel, progressive scan acquisition mode C3And C4And C5The three are connected in parallel, and the resonant sampling circuit collects magnetic induction signals. At the same time, Q3In the off state, Q when the column drive is active and the row drive is inactive3And the current source is in a conducting state to short out the inductance of the unit, and is in the sampling period of other units in the same column and other rows (not the current row). The unit circuits in the ith row and the jth column are shown in fig. 3. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the description of the characteristics and operation principle of the unit circuit, the circuits around the unit are simplified or equivalently processed. In summary, the unit circuit of the present invention has nine places of six types of connection signals with the outside:
point A, connected to column control signal LjHigh level active, QLjConducting to gate the column; otherwise QLjAnd (6) cutting off.
B. And C, connecting the column driving tube corresponding to the next column, and connecting the column driving tube corresponding to the column to the resonant sampling circuit, wherein the columns are in parallel relation. The BC channel is also referred to as a column select channel.
Point D, receiving row control signal HiHigh level active, QHiConducting, gating the row, through the row control tube QH10Grounding (in point-by-point and line-by-line scanning modes of operation, H10At a low level, the row control tube QH10On) or via Q)H9Grounding (in column-by-column and area scanning modes of operation, H10Is high level, QH10Cutting off; and then H10Is high level, QH9On, the series signal of each column is passed through QH9Ground).
E point, connected to the control tube QH10(except for the last row) back to ground. In the operating modes of point-by-point scanning and progressive scanning, QH10Conducting; in the column-by-column scanning and area scanning modes of operation, QH10And (6) cutting off.
And F, connecting the AND gate corresponding to the next row.
G point, the corresponding inductance of the next row.
K points are 0-9 signals, the number of the signals is reduced line by line, and each signal is connected with a short connecting pipe Q 'of each unit behind the line'ij。
S point, connected with row selection channel of previous column and driven by row driving tube QHiAnd controlling the on and off of the channel and the ground wire.
L, a unit inductor composed of two inductors L1And L2Are connected in series to form L1＝L2A 9X12-50MH inductor (custom) was used.
The system comprises a power transmission line, an array scanning and collecting control circuit and a sampling and attitude data processor, wherein the core part comprises a scanning and collecting control mode in the array scanning and collecting control circuit and an amplitude distinguishing and extracting method in the sampling and attitude data processor, and the application principle block diagram of the system is shown in figure 1. Array scanning and acquisition control circuit as a link for sensing and detecting the position and distance of a power transmission line, sensing the presence or absence of the power transmission line in real time? And sensing the distance information and the position angle information of the aircraft relative to the power transmission line, and providing a judgment basis for a subsequent signal processing circuit. The array scanning and acquisition control circuit controls the passive array magnetic induction antenna device according to a certain mode, so that fast scanning driving and signal acquisition are realized, and information is transmitted to a rear attitude and data processor.
The array scanning and acquisition control circuit is used as a scanning and sampling control link, column driving signals and row driving signals are output according to a set working mode (the selection can be carried out through a DIP switch dial code), a magnetic induction unit and a resonance equivalent capacitor are sequentially gated to form a resonance frequency selection circuit, sampling signals output by the resonance circuit are initially processed through a filter conditioning circuit, high-speed acquisition and conversion are carried out through a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, and the high-speed conversion frequency is far higher than 50H of alternating current of a power transmission lineZAnd a hardware foundation is laid for subsequent frequency multiplication data processing. The array scanning and collecting controller is responsible for outputting column and row driving selection signals in time sequence, and also needs to output column and row driving selection signals in the sampling time interval of each unitAnd carrying out numerical filtering, zero-crossing discrimination, amplitude extraction and storage operation on the sampled data, transmitting the data group to a posture and data processor through a high-speed data port after n multiplied by m units of all the units complete scanning and sampling, and repeating the scanning, sampling, processing and transmitting operation in the next period to endless.
The preferred method of carrying out the invention is further illustrated by way of non-limiting example. The high-voltage transmission line is usually laid in an overhead mode along the direction parallel to the ground, a certain fixed value (such as a slope and a hilly land) is determined according to the distance between the line and the ground with different voltage grades, the passive array magnetic induction antenna device adopts a 10 x 10 matrix array, an array scanning and acquisition control circuit array scanning and acquisition controller controls a column driving circuit and a row driving circuit, and all units of the 10 x 10 matrix can be sequentially gated according to a set sequence.
The electromagnetic induction coil of the gated unit and the resonant sampling circuit form a resonant signal sampling circuit, and the acquired electromagnetic induction signal is processed by the filtering conditioning circuit and then is converted by the high-speed analog-to-digital converter to be higher than 50HZAnd (3) sampling the frequency of more than one order of magnitude at high frequency, and transmitting the frequency to the array scanning and acquisition controller in real time.
The array scanning and collecting controller samples a group of data of each unit, compares the data one by one, searches the over-extreme point of the alternating current signal, judges and stores the amplitude according to the designed algorithm, and starts the next unit data group sampling by taking the extreme point as the mark, thereby being capable of sampling the 50H data groupZThe amplitude sampling time of each single period of the alternating current signal is shortened to be less than or equal to 5 ms.
After each unit is gated, sampled, amplitude is distinguished and processed and stored, the repeated operation of the next unit is carried out in sequence until the operation of all units is completed, and the cycle is a complete scanning sampling cycle. The sensing array component continuously works in a cyclic reciprocating mode according to the process under the control of the array scanning and acquisition control circuit.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below; it should be understood that the preferred embodiments are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The high-speed sampling link consists of a high-speed analog-to-digital converter AD9223 and an external reference circuit. The AD9223 is a 12-bit single-point source power supply converter, the sampling rates of 1.5MSPS, 3.0MSPS and 10MSPS are optional, and the period of the application is set to be 0.0015 ms. The array scanning and acquisition controller adopts STM32F104 and a main frequency of 72M, and the average execution speed of instructions is 1.25MIPS/Mhz (STM32 has a three-stage pipeline, the instruction period is variable, arm gives 1.25MIPS/Mhz, and one average execution speed), so that the execution period of one instruction is 1/(72 multiplied by 1.25M) ═ 0.011 mu s on average, and the requirement of high-speed data acquisition and processing is completely met. Since the operation speed of the STM32F104 is far higher than the sampling rate of the AD9223, the time T for sampling one group of data for each unit by the array scanning and acquisition controllerxMainly depending on the sampling rate of the AD 9223.
Taking the point-by-point scanning and collecting working mode as an example, the analysis and calculation are as follows:
an array scanning and collecting controller (hereinafter, referred to as a controller) sends an instruction, and starts the scanning driving and collecting of a certain circulating unit 1-unit 100 with a period of T;
the acquisition and processing time of each unit amplitude is recorded as Tx(x ═ 1,2,3, …,100), typically for 50HZThe amplitude sampling of the alternating current signal needs to be carried out at certain intervals in not less than one period (20ms) to obtain a group of sampling values, the sampling values are compared and the maximum value is screened out to be used as the amplitude signal, the time for obtaining the amplitude signal of one unit by the method is not less than 20ms, the time for completing the amplitude acquisition processing of 100 units is not less than 2s, the speed is too slow, and the application is limited.
The method adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: from the beginning of unit sampling, the controller controls the AD9223 to continuously sample and transmit data of 10 points according to a 1.5MSPS sampling rate (the period is 0.667 mu s), 10 data form a data frame, then the controller performs digital filtering, threshold comparison, extreme point and zero point (collectively: extreme value) judgment processing on the obtained 10 data, and if no extreme point or zero point is found, the sampling transmission of the next data frame is repeated; if not, then,stopping collecting and transmitting next data frame after condition confirmation, and executing 50HZAnd (4) amplitude calculation processing of the alternating current signals, namely adopting a table look-up calculation method for the fixed frequency signals according to extreme points or zero points until the scanning acquisition of the unit is finished, and then sequentially carrying out the scanning acquisition of the next unit. Because the sampling period of the AD9223 and the instruction period of the STM32F104 are far less than 50HZThe alternating current signal is 20ms, is 1-2 orders of magnitude lower, can collect more than 700 data frames within 5ms of the period of the alternating current signal 1/4, is sufficient to ensure the accuracy requirements of identification of a pole point and a zero point and amplitude calculation, namely, has
And (3) controlling the working mode:
and (3) extreme value judgment description:
the extremum includes a maximum value, a minimum value, and a zero point. For a measured signal with known frequency and waveform, the signal amplitude parameter can be solved according to the waveform function expression as long as the data (amplitude and time) of the extreme point and the data (amplitude and time) of a plurality of accessory points are obtained.
Taking a sinusoidal signal as an example, to ensure that one of the extreme values is acquired, the duration of continuous sampling is usually not longer than 1/4 signal periods except that the sampling interval is small enough to meet the measurement accuracy requirement, and in a special case, 1/4 signal periods may be needed, t in fig. 51→t2A time period, when either the maximum (or minimum) value is obtained, or the zero point is obtained, or both values are obtained. Because of continuous sampling, when obtaining extreme value data, a certain amount of nearby point data is obtained, theoretically, the signal amplitude parameter can be obtained from the extreme value point data and any nearby point data, but the final amplitude parameter error can be corrected and the accuracy is improved due to the participation of a plurality of nearby point data in calculation. The basic calculation is as follows:
measured curve expression
Extreme value of the measured curve is
If Y ispIs the maximum value, then Yp＝Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
if Y ispIs the minimum value, then Yp＝-Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
if Y ispIs zero, then there is
Combining any of the proximity data
Set up a system of equations to solve, where only AmAnd
two unknowns, and thus the amplitude can also be obtained. The array scanning and acquisition controller sequentially performs digital filtering and threshold comparison on the N data in the acquired current data frame and judges whether the N data is an extreme point or a zero point.
Claims (7)
1. An array signal filtering and amplitude detection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step A: the passive array magnetic induction antenna device which is arranged by a plurality of electromagnetic induction subunit arrays is controlled and collected by an array scanning and collecting controller: during collection, selecting an electromagnetic induction subunit as a sampling start, continuously sampling the passive array magnetic induction antenna device by the array scanning and collection controller by controlling the high-speed analog-to-digital converter at a sampling rate with the frequency of U, forming a data frame by N collected data, and sequentially sending the obtained data frame to the array scanning and collection controller; the passive array magnetic induction antenna device comprises a substrate, wherein a driving circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a resonance sampling circuit and a plurality of electromagnetic induction sub-units are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of electromagnetic induction sub-units are uniformly arranged and are marked as M-N column matrixes, the driving circuit comprises a row main driving circuit, M-way row driving circuits, N-way column driving circuits and M-N AND gate circuits, and the electromagnetic induction sub-units correspond to the AND gate circuits one by one; the line main driving circuit, the M line driving circuits and the N line driving circuits are all NPN triodes, the electromagnetic induction subunit in which each line is located corresponds to one line NPN triode for driving, the electromagnetic induction subunit in which each column is located corresponds to one column NPN triode for driving, and the line main driving circuit is one line main driving NPN triode;
the electromagnetic induction subunit comprises a pair of inductance coils, a first low on-resistance switching tube and a second low on-resistance switching tube, wherein the pair of inductance coils are formed by connecting two inductors which are distributed orthogonally in series, one end of each inductance coil is connected with a collector electrode of the second low on-resistance switching tube, and an emitter electrode of the first low on-resistance switching tube is simultaneously connected with an emitter electrode of the second low on-resistance switching tube;
the emitter of the second low on-resistance switching tube in any one of the electromagnetic inductor units in the same row is connected with the collector of the NPN triode in the row corresponding to the emitter; emitting electrodes of the M-1 line NPN triodes are connected with collecting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes, emitting electrodes of the remaining line NPN triodes are connected with emitting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes, the emitting electrodes of the line main driving NPN triodes are grounded, and base electrodes of the M line NPN triodes and the line main driving NPN triodes are input ends of a driving circuit;
the collector electrode of the first low-on-resistance switching tube in any one row of electromagnetic induction subunits is connected with the emitter electrode of the NPN triode in the corresponding row, meanwhile, from bottom to top, the other end of a pair of inductance coils in the lower electromagnetic induction subunit is connected with the emitter electrode of the second low-on-resistance switching tube in the upper electromagnetic induction subunit adjacent to the other end of the pair of inductance coils in the uppermost electromagnetic induction subunit in the same row, and the other end of the pair of inductance coils in the uppermost electromagnetic induction subunit in the same row is connected with the emitter electrode of the NPN triode in the corresponding row;
the base electrode of any one of the NPN triodes in the row is simultaneously connected with the base electrode of the first low-on-resistance switching tube in any one of the electromagnetic inductor units in the row and the first input end of any one of the AND circuits in the row; the base electrode of any column NPN triode is respectively connected with the second input end of any AND gate circuit in the column, and the output end of any AND gate circuit is connected with the base electrode of the second low-on-resistance switching tube in the corresponding electromagnetic inductor unit;
the collectors of the N column NPN triodes are connected with each other and then are respectively connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit and the input end of the sampling circuit;
and B: the array scanning and acquisition controller sequentially performs digital filtering and threshold comparison on the N data in the acquired current data frame and judges whether the N data is an extreme point or a zero point;
and C: if the condition of the current data frame does not meet the extreme point or zero point condition, sampling judgment of the next data frame is carried out; otherwise, the current data frame meets the extreme point or zero point condition, and the next data frame is stopped to be received;
step D: carrying out amplitude extraction processing on the average value of the data frames meeting the extreme point or zero point condition, storing the amplitude, and finishing the scanning acquisition of the current sampling unit;
step E: and repeating the steps A-D to scan and collect other sampling units according to the sampling sequence until all scanning of the set time period is completed.
2. The array signal filtering and amplitude detecting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step D, since the sampling is performed continuously, a certain amount of nearby point data is obtained or simultaneously with the extremum data, and theoretically, the signal amplitude parameter can be obtained from the extremum point data and any nearby point data, but the final amplitude parameter error can be corrected by the participation of a plurality of nearby point data in the calculation, so as to improve the accuracy, and the correction process of the accuracy error includes the following steps:
step D1: measured curve expression
Extreme value of the measured curve is
Step D2: if Y ispIs the maximum value, then Yp＝Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
if Y ispIs the minimum value, then Yp＝-Am，YpIf the measured value is the actual value, obtaining the amplitude value;
step D3: if Y ispIs zero, then there is
Combining any of the proximity data
Set up a system of equations to solve, where only AmAnd
two unknowns, and thus the amplitude can also be obtained.
3. The array signal filtering and amplitude detecting method according to claim 2, wherein: the resonant sampling circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors and low-resistance switches, wherein one end of a first capacitor is connected with the output end of the stabilized voltage power supply, the other end of the first capacitor is grounded, one ends of the rest capacitors are also connected with the output end of the stabilized voltage power supply, and the other ends of the rest capacitors are grounded through the low-resistance switches.
4. The array signal filtering amplitude detection method according to claim 3, wherein: the low-resistance switch adopts a two-way low-on resistance analog switch device MAX 4608.
5. The array signal filtering and amplitude detecting method according to claim 4, wherein: and the capacitor in the resonance sampling circuit is a monolithic capacitor.
6. The array signal filtering and amplitude detecting method according to claim 5, wherein: the inductance coil adopts a spiral tube inductance coil.
7. The array signal filtering and amplitude detecting method according to claim 6, wherein: the resonant sampling circuit is characterized by further comprising a socket, wherein the socket is arranged on one side of the substrate, and each connection wire of the resonant sampling circuit is connected with the socket.
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