CN106869911A - A kind of evaluation method for describing shale reservoir compressibility - Google Patents

A kind of evaluation method for describing shale reservoir compressibility Download PDF

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CN106869911A
CN106869911A CN201710104111.0A CN201710104111A CN106869911A CN 106869911 A CN106869911 A CN 106869911A CN 201710104111 A CN201710104111 A CN 201710104111A CN 106869911 A CN106869911 A CN 106869911A
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shale
reservoir
shale reservoir
well
gas
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CN106869911B (en
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杨国圣
胡德高
潘军
王振兴
廖勇
叶应贵
***
廖如刚
冯爱国
石文睿
赵红燕
饶海涛
石元会
季运景
龚然
程国良
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Jianghan logging branch of Sinopec Jingwei Co.,Ltd.
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Jianghan Petroleum Engineering Co Ltd
Sinopec Chongqing Fuling Shale Gas Exploration and Development Co Ltd
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Sinopec Jianghan Petroleum Engineering Co Ltd
Sinopec Chongqing Fuling Shale Gas Exploration and Development Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of evaluation method for describing shale reservoir compressibility, step is to collect well data content to be evaluated to include well well location design report book to be evaluated, log data, well-log information, determine shale reservoir and its middle part vertical depth H according to data collection, determine the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, obtain shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN, according to FPG, DEN, shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin is calculated;Shale gas reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki are calculated again and evaluates shale reservoir compressibility, export evaluation result.The present invention calculates shale reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki by parameters such as FPG, DEN, and shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated according to △ Ki.The present invention applies the mouth well of shale gas well more than 300 in the area such as Middle Yangtze region gas field in Jiannan, and staged fracturing compliance test result coincidence rate is 97.1%.

Description

A kind of evaluation method for describing shale reservoir compressibility
Technical field
The invention belongs to unconventionaloil pool exploration and development shale evaluating reservoir field, and in particular to one kind description shale storage The evaluation method of layer compressibility.
Background technology
Shale oil gas is that a kind of novel energy, particularly shale gas are a kind of extraordinary new cleaning fuels, its exploitation Had important practical significance using being administered to national economy sustainable development and current haze.
Shale oil gas is, from storage is conigenous, have very big difference with the conventional gas and oil to be formed is assembled by buoyancy rich in organic shale Not.Permeability is extremely low in itself for shale, and shale Oil/gas Well usually not natural production capacity pierces high-quality page, it is necessary to pass through horizontal well form Shale oil gas-bearing formation section, and staged fracturing method is taken shale oil air water horizontal well horizontal segment oil-gas Layer, link up in shale oil-gas Layer section Hole, microcrack, prolific oil and gas field is cultivated, so as to realize shale oil gas Efficient Development.
Horizontal well horizontal segment shale oil-gas Layer staged fracturing may be rich in the shale oil gas of oil gas, it is necessary to be grasped before operation The formation fracture pressure of interval (present invention is referred to as shale reservoir), carries out the evaluation of shale reservoir compressibility.Selection compressibility Shale reservoir fracturing that is good, easily forming complex network crack, is to cultivate one of key rich in oil gas shale high-yield well.
Horizontal well horizontal segment shale reservoir staged fracturing, operating cost is high, risk is big.Therefore, to shale reservoir compressibility Evaluation require more and more higher, it is desirable to need scene mutually confirmation shale reservoir compressibility evaluation meanses it is also more and more.
CN104775810A discloses a kind of shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation method, comprises the following steps successively:(1) count Calculate shale brittleness index Brit;(2) shale fracture toughness index K is calculatedn;(3) calculate natural plane of weakness and open difficulty or ease indices Pn;(4) Calculate natural plane of weakness and be through index Cn;(5) complicated seam net probability index F is introducedcfWith transformation volume probability index Fsrv, it is determined that Reservoir compressibility coefficient FI;(6) according to the size of reservoir compressibility coefficient FI, the compressibility of block shale formation is evaluated. CN104775810B discloses a kind of shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation method, comprises the following steps successively:(1) shale is calculated crisp Sex index Brit;(2) shale fracture toughness index K is calculatedn;(3) calculate natural plane of weakness and open difficulty or ease indices Pn;(4) calculate natural Plane of weakness is through index Cn;(5) complicated seam net probability index F is introducedcfWith transformation volume probability index Fsrv, determine that reservoir can be pressed Property coefficient FI;(6) according to the size of reservoir compressibility coefficient FI, the compressibility of block shale formation is evaluated.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned state of the art, it is desirable to provide it is a kind of can be by the earth bore clearance flow of shale reservoir The parameters such as body barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN calculate shale reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki, shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated according to △ Ki, and horizontal well horizontal segment shale reservoir staged fracturing compliance test result coincidence rate is high Description shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method.
The implementation of the object of the invention is to describe the evaluation method of shale reservoir compressibility, is concretely comprised the following steps:
1) well data to be evaluated is collected
(1) collecting well data content to be evaluated includes well well location design report book to be evaluated, log data, well-log information,
The log data includes lithology, total hydrocarbon, methane, total content of organic carbon, formation pore fluid barometric gradient, stratum Fracture pressure;
The well-log information includes natural gamma, lithology and density logging, explanation results;
2) shale reservoir and its middle part vertical depth H are determined
According to shale oil gas well logging lithology, oil/gas show feature and comprehensive log interpretation result, shale reservoir, foundation are determined The shale oil gas well logging of shale reservoir, result of log interpretation determine shale reservoir middle part vertical depth H, and dimension is 100m or hm;
3) the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir is determined
According to shale oil gas well logging with prediction of formation pressure explanation results are bored, the stratum of the shale Reservoir Section rich in oil gas is taken Pore fluid pressure gradient, its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is denoted as the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, and dimension is MPa/ 100m or MPa/hm;
4) acquisition shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN
5) according to the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress is calculated Kimax;
6) shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN, calculates shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale storage Layer minimum level crustal stress Kimin;
7) shale is calculated by shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin Gas reservoir flatly stress difference coefficient △ Ki;
(1) by WELL LITHOLOGY density data, each depth point in the range of 10~60m of shale reservoir top is obtained WELL LITHOLOGY density data, dimension is g/cm3, its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is denoted as shale gas reservoir superstratum rock density DEN, its With the product of vertical depth H, shale gas reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax is denoted as, Kimax=DEN × H, dimension is MPa;
(2) according to step 3), step 4) determine shale reservoir formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir Superstratum rock density DEN and step 7) (1) vertical depth H parameters, calculate shale gas by formula Kimin=(DEN+FPG)/2 × H Reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin, dimension is MPa;
8) according to step 3), step 4) determine the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, on shale reservoir Cover stratigraphic rock density DE, shale gas reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax, shale gas reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin Press column count formula and ask for shale gas reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki, △ Ki dimensionless,
△ Ki=(Kimax-Kimin)/Kimin or
△ Ki=(DEN-FPG)/(DEN+FPG);
9) shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated,
10) evaluation result is exported.
Formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir superstratum rock density that the present invention passes through shale reservoir The parameters such as DEN calculate shale reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki, and shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated according to △ Ki, form A kind of evaluation method for describing shale reservoir compressibility.
The present invention is in Middle Yangtze region gas field in Jiannan, Fuling shale gas field, eastern Hunan application shale gas well more than 300 Mouth well, horizontal well horizontal segment shale reservoir staged fracturing compliance test result, coincidence rate is 97.1%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is workflow block diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Reference picture 1, specific implementation step of the invention is:
1) well data to be evaluated is collected
(1) collecting well data content to be evaluated includes well well location design report book to be evaluated, log data, well-log information Deng,
The log data includes lithology, total hydrocarbon, methane, total content of organic carbon, formation pore fluid barometric gradient, stratum Fracture pressure etc.;
The well-log information is including natural gamma, lithology and density logging, explanation results etc..
2) shale reservoir and its middle part vertical depth H are determined
According to shale oil gas well logging lithology, oil/gas show feature and comprehensive log interpretation result, shale reservoir is determined, especially It is to determine shale reservoir middle part vertical depth H rich in oil gas shale Reservoir Section, dimension is 100m or hm;
Especially selecting and be rich in oil gas shale Reservoir Section, being because rich in oil gas shale Reservoir Section there is total hydrocarbon in gas logging, methane to show Express friendship, rammell haircut is educated, natural gamma value, interval transit time value are high relatively high, total content of organic carbon more than 2%, total porosity The feature such as more than or equal to 2%.
3) the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir is determined
According to shale oil gas well logging with prediction of formation pressure explanation results are bored, by 1 point every meter of depth interval, acquisition is rich in The formation pore fluid pressure gradient data of each depth point of the shale Reservoir Section of oil gas, its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is denoted as shale The formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of reservoir, dimension is MPa/100m or MPa/hm.
4) acquisition shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN.
5) according to the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress is calculated Kimax。
6) shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN, calculates shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale storage Layer minimum level crustal stress Kimin.
7) shale is calculated by shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin Gas reservoir flatly stress difference coefficient △ Ki;
(1) by WELL LITHOLOGY density data, by 1 point every meter of depth interval, shale reservoir top 10~60m models are obtained The WELL LITHOLOGY density data of each depth point in enclosing, dimension is g/cm3, its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is denoted as on shale gas reservoir Stratigraphic rock density DEN is covered, its product with vertical depth H is denoted as shale gas reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax, Kimax= DEN × H, dimension is MPa;
(2) according to step 3), step 4) determine shale reservoir formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir Superstratum rock density DEN and step 7) (1) vertical depth H parameters, calculate shale gas by formula Kimin=(DEN+FPG)/2 × H Reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin, dimension is MPa;
8) according to step 3), step 4) determine the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, on shale reservoir Cover stratigraphic rock density DEN, shale gas reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax, shale gas reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin Press column count formula and ask for shale gas reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki, △ Ki dimensionless,
△ Ki=(Kimax-Kimin)/Kimin or
△ Ki=(DEN-FPG)/(DEN+FPG).
9) shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated, evaluation criterion is:
(1) △ Ki≤0.35, shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated preferably (I class), acts on the pressing crack construction on shale reservoir When pressure is more than formation fracture pressure, shale reservoir can be promoted to form the fracture network of complexity, be conducive to cultivating shale oil gas Horizontal well forms high yield;
(2) 0.35 < △ Ki≤0.6, shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated as medium (II class), acts on shale reservoir When Fracturing Pressure is much larger than formation fracture pressure, shale gas reservoir can be promoted to form more sufficient fracture network, favorably Certain production capacity is formed in shale oil air water horizontal well is cultivated;
(3) △ Ki > 0.6, shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated as poor (III class), acts on the pressing crack construction on shale reservoir When pressure is much larger than formation fracture pressure, shale reservoir often forms single crack, and influence shale oil gas horizontal productivity is abundant Lifting.
10) evaluation result is exported, shale reservoir fracturing improvement is instructed.
With specific embodiment in detail application effect of the present invention is described in detail below.
Example 1:Gas field in Jiannan J-1HF wells
The shale reservoir-level segment length 1000m of gas field in Jiannan J-1HF wells, well logging and well log interpretation rich in shale gas, middle part Vertical depth H=630m (6.3hm), well logging with bore formation pressure monitoring show, the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir =1.05MPa/hm, the superstratum rock density arithmetic mean of instantaneous value DEN=2.65g/ in the range of 10~60m of shale reservoir top cm3, shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax=2.65*6.3 (MPa), Kimin=(2.65+1.05)/2*6.3 (MPa) =1.85*6.3 (MPa), according to △ Ki=(Kimax-Kimin)/Kimin=(2.65-1.85)/1.85=0.43.According to △ Ki =(DEN-FPG)/(DEN+FPG) formula tries to achieve shale reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki=0.43, two formula meters Calculate result identical, show that shale reservoir compressibility evaluation result is medium (II class).
Micro-seismic monitoring shows that J-1HF wells hydraulic fracturing job forms many seams in well side, and opposite side is formed and stitches less, The initial stage day side of producing natural gas 1.2 ten thousand after the completion of the row of returning, gas well deliverability predicts the outcome close with pressure break.
Example 2:Fuling shale gas field JY-1HF wells
Shale reservoir (gas-bearing formation) the horizontal segment length of Fuling shale gas field JY1-HF wells, well logging and well log interpretation rich in shale gas 1008m, shale gas-bearing formation middle part vertical depth H=2380m (23.8hm), well logging with bore formation pressure monitoring show, the ground of shale reservoir Layer pore fluid pressure gradient FPG=1.45MPa/hm, the superstratum rock density in the range of 10~60m of shale reservoir top Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value DEN=2.70g/cm3, △ Ki=(2.70-1.45)/(2.70+1.45)=0.30, display shale reservoir can press Property evaluation result is preferably (I class).A well rock core test of leading for the shale gas horizontal well shows, shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax=63.5MPa, shale reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin=48.4MPa, shale reservoir-level crustal stress difference system △ Ki=0.31 are counted, it is basically identical with result of calculation of the present invention.
Micro-seismic monitoring shows that JY1-HF well MHF operations form complex network fracture, the row of returning Open flow, the initial stage day side of producing natural gas 20.3 ten thousand, gas well deliverability predicts the outcome close with pressure break.
Formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir superstratum rock density that the present invention passes through shale reservoir The parameters such as DEN calculate shale reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki, according to △ Ki descriptions and evaluation shale reservoir compressibility, Form it is a kind of describe shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method, horizontal well horizontal segment shale reservoir staged fracturing compliance test result, Coincidence rate is 97.1%.

Claims (5)

1. it is a kind of describe shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method, it is characterised in that:Concretely comprise the following steps:
1) well data to be evaluated is collected
(1) collecting well data content to be evaluated includes well well location design report book to be evaluated, log data, well-log information,
The log data includes lithology, total hydrocarbon, methane, total content of organic carbon, formation pore fluid barometric gradient, formation fracture Pressure,
The well-log information includes natural gamma, lithology and density logging, explanation results;
2) shale reservoir and its middle part vertical depth H are determined
According to shale oil gas well logging lithology, oil/gas show feature and comprehensive log interpretation result, shale reservoir is determined, according to shale The shale oil gas well logging of reservoir, result of log interpretation determine shale reservoir middle part vertical depth H, and dimension is 100m or hm;
3) the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir is determined
According to shale oil gas well logging with prediction of formation pressure explanation results are bored, the formation pore of the shale Reservoir Section rich in oil gas is taken FPG, its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is denoted as the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, and dimension is MPa/100m Or MPa/hm;
4) acquisition shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN
5) according to the formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG of shale reservoir, shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax is calculated;
6) shale reservoir superstratum rock density DEN, calculates shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale reservoir most Small horizontal crustal stress Kimin;
7) shale gas are calculated by shale reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax and shale reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin to store up Layer flatly stress difference coefficient △ Ki,
(1) by WELL LITHOLOGY density data, the well logging of each depth point in the range of 10~60m of shale reservoir top is obtained Lithology and density logging data, dimension is g/cm3, its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is denoted as shale gas reservoir superstratum rock density DEN, its with hang down The product of deep H, is denoted as shale gas reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax, and Kimax=DEN × H, dimension is MPa;
(2) according to step 3), step 4) determine shale reservoir formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir overlying Stratigraphic rock density DEN and step 7) (1) vertical depth H parameters, calculate shale gas reservoir by formula Kimin=(DEN+FPG)/2 × H Minimum level crustal stress Kimin, dimension is MPa;
8) according to step 3), step 4) determine shale reservoir formation pore fluid barometric gradient FPG, shale reservoir overlying ground Layer rock density DEN, shale gas reservoir maximum horizontal crustal stress Kimax, shale gas reservoir minimum level crustal stress Kimin presses Column count formula asks for shale gas reservoir-level crustal stress coefficient of variation △ Ki, △ Ki dimensionless,
△ Ki=(Kimax-Kimin)/Kimin or
△ Ki=(DEN-FPG)/(DEN+FPG);
9) shale reservoir compressibility is evaluated,
10) evaluation result is exported.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of describe shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method, it is characterised in that:Step 3) press 1 point every meter of depth interval, obtains the formation pore fluid pressure ladder of each depth point of the shale Reservoir Section rich in oil gas Degrees of data, takes its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of describe shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method, it is characterised in that:Step 7) (1) by WELL LITHOLOGY density data in, by 1 point every meter of depth interval, obtain in the range of 10~60m of shale reservoir top The WELL LITHOLOGY density data of each depth point.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of describe shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method, it is characterised in that:Shale reservoir It is rich in oil gas shale Reservoir Section;Total hydrocarbon in gas logging, methane rich in oil gas shale Reservoir Section show that rammell haircut is educated, oneself Right gamma value, interval transit time value are high relatively high, and total content of organic carbon is more than or equal to 2% more than or equal to 2%, total porosity.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of describe shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method, it is characterised in that:Step 9) comment The evaluation criterion of valency shale reservoir compressibility is:
(1) △ Ki≤0.35, shale gas reservoir compressibility is evaluated preferably,
(2) 0.35 < △ Ki≤0.6, shale gas reservoir compressibility be evaluated as it is medium,
(3) △ Ki > 0.6, it is poor that shale gas reservoir compressibility is evaluated as.
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CN107630679A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-26 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 The Forecasting Methodology of shale gas horizontal well highest at initial stage production capacity based on exponential model
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