CN106868379A - A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C30/06—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal material and its preparation field.Material composition is：FeCoNi(AlGa)xMy, wherein x=0.1~1.5, y=0~0.05；Described Fe, Co are identical with the content of Ni, and M is Si, B, Nb, Cr, Sn, Zn, Cu, V, In, Ge, Tb, Dy, La, Ce, Pr, one or more in Nd.By the requirement of institute's invention material composition, alloy is prepared using vaccum sensitive stove or arc-melting furnace smelting, or by after smelting, then the alloy with preferred orientation is prepared using directional freeze method.FeCoNi (AlGa) of the inventionxMyHigh-entropy alloy has obvious magnetostrictive effect, and magnetostrictive strain is up to 580 × 10‑6More than, and with excellent mechanical property, compressive strength at room temperature is more than 25% more than 2200MPa with respect to compression ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material and its preparation field, be related to a kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
When ferromagnet is magnetized in external magnetic field, its length and volume change, and this phenomenon is referred to as mangneto and stretches
Contracting.Magnetostriction can be divided into line magnetostriction and volume magnetostriction.Practical magnetostriction materials are to refer to line mangneto
The material of expansion performance.The line Magnetostriction of material generally uses (3/2) λsRepresent, it characterizes a kind of intrinsic magnetic of material
Cause flexible strain value, it is believed that be accessible maximum magnetostriction strain value in materials theory.In practical application, line mangneto is stretched
Contracting coefficient generally represents that (L is material original length, the change that Δ L occurs for sample when magnetized state changes to λ=Δ L/L with λ
Change).λ>It is direct magnetostriction when 0, ferromagnet is extended along magnetic direction, and vertical magnetic field direction is shortened；Work as λ<When 0, to bear magnetic
Cause to stretch, ferromagnet shortens along magnetic direction, and vertical magnetic field direction extends.The material maximum mangneto produced when being magnetized
Coefficient of dilatation, referred to as saturation magnetostriction constant λs。
Although the traditional Fe base magnetic strictions material with Fe-Al and Fe-Co alloy/C as representative has Curie temperature high and power
The characteristics of performance is good, but its magnetostriction coefficient is relatively low, typically smaller than 100 × 10-6；And it is dilute as representative with Tb-Dy-Fe
Although native giant magnetostrictive material has magnetostriction coefficient big (~2000 × 10-6) etc. excellent performance, but due to its quality
More crisp, plasticity is very poor, poor in processability, and the cost of raw material is higher etc., limits the application of the material.2000, the U.S.
Guruswamy S et al. have found that Fe-Ga alloys (referred to as Galfenol) has magnetostriction value higher, up to 400 × 10-6,
And mechanical strength is higher and has certain plasticity, it is considered to be a kind of new magnetostriction materials with broad prospect of application,
Cause the extensive concern of domestic and international researcher.Research relate generally to the composition of material, microstructure crystal orientation, phase composition,
Preparation method, element addition and magnetic characteristic etc., Patents include：ZL02117462.8、ZL200510053908.X、
ZL200610089787.9、ZL200710079668.X、ZL200710062867.X、ZL200810135513.8、
ZL200910096357.3、ZL200910054915.X、ZL201110385765.8、ZL201310533010.7、
ZL201310063881.7, ZL201310495906.0, ZL201510146303.9 etc..Although Fe-Ga alloys have preferable
Magnetostriction and mechanical property, but because the resistivity of the material is relatively low, use in high frequency can be produced and damaged compared with maelstrom
Consumption.Therefore, it is desirable to be rolled into flake, to reduce the eddy-current loss under high frequency use condition, improving its high frequency
Characteristic.Research in this respect, is concentrated mainly on the improvement of Fe-G Alloy At Room Temperature plasticity, rolling mill practice and Technology for Heating Processing pair
The influence aspect of alloy sheet strip texture and Magnetostriction., U.S. Na S M and Flatau A B et al. reports in 2006
In Fe81.3Ga18.7Boron and sulphur are added in alloy, by hot rolling, warm-rolling, cold rolling and subsequent heat treatment technique, obtaining has closely
Like cubic texture or the sheeting of approximate Gaussian texture, highest magnetostriction value (3/2) λ s are up to 220 × 10-6.(Na S M,
Flatau A B.Magnetostriction and crystallographic texture in rolled and
Annealed Fe-Ga based alloys.Mater.Res.Soc.Symp.Proc, 2006,888：335).United States Patent (USP) WO
2006/094251 discloses NbC or Be or Al or compound additions is added in Fe-Ga based alloys, alloy outside involucrum with
Anti- oxidation and when preventing rolling alloy surface thermal loss, at hot rolling, two sections of 400 DEG C of warm-rollings and follow-up heat
Reason, obtains the Fe-Ga based magnetic deformation slice materials with mixing texture or approximate cubic texture.In recent years, this research was small
Group prepares Fe-Ga base sheetings by optimized alloy composition using relatively simple rolling mill practice, and by subsequent spy
Different Technology for Heating Processing (magnetic-field annealing, high vacuum high temperature secondary recrystallization annealing etc.) obtains Magnetostriction higher, obtains
The mandate patent of invention for obtaining has ZL200910076722.4, ZL201210574427.3, ZL201310533010.7.But, it is existing
The deficiency for having technology of preparing of the technology on Fe-Ga base rolled sheets common is manufacturing process complicated, including need hot rolling,
Warm-rolling and cold rolling, insulation annealing between rolling pass, final high annealing etc., this and the poor close phase of Fe-Ga Alloy At Room Temperature plasticity
Close.As can be seen here, above-mentioned existing magnetostriction materials cannot all solve what big magnetostriction coefficient and excellent mechanical performances coexisted
Problem.
High-entropy alloy is the novel alloy for occurring in recent years, is by atomic ratios such as at least 4 kinds elements or near waits atomic ratio conjunction
Alloy material obtained by aurification.The characteristics of there are high-entropy alloy conventional alloys not have, such as entropic effect high, serious distortion of lattice
With sluggish diffusion effect etc..These features cause that high-entropy alloy has high intensity, compression ratio high relative, good corrosion-resistant and resistance to
The advantages of mill property.In recent years, researcher reports a series of high-entropy alloys with fine magnetic property, such as FeCoNi successively
(AlSi) alloy【Yong Zhang, TingTing Zuo, YongQiang Cheng＆Peter K.Liaw, High-entropy
Alloys with High Saturation Magnetization,Electrical Resistivity,and
Malleability, Scientific Reports, 2013,3：1455】With FeCoNi (CuAl) alloy【Q.Zhang,H.Xu,
X.H.Tan, X.L.Hou, S.W.Wu, G.S.Tan, L.Y.Yu, The effects of phase constitution on
magnetic and mechanicalproperties of FeCoNi(CuAl)x(x=0-1.2) high-entropy
Alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017,693：1061-1067】, it is strong with high-saturation magnetic induction
The fine magnetic properties such as degree, low-coercivity.Based on high-entropy alloy principle, exploitation not only has excellent mechanical property, and with excellent
The feature high entropy alloy material of good magnetic characteristic causes the great interest of researcher.
The content of the invention
It is poor in order to overcome big magnetostriction coefficient present in existing magnetostriction materials to be combined with excellent mechanical performances
And, the present invention propose a kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient and preparation method thereof.
A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient proposed by the present invention, its alloying component is：FeCoNi
(AlGa)xMy, wherein, x=0.1~1.5, y=0~0.05；M is Si, B, Nb, Cr, Sn, Zn, Cu, V, In, Ge, Tb, Dy, La,
One or more in Ce, Pr, Nd.
A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient proposed by the present invention, its alloying component, it is preferable that x=0.2
~0.5, y=0.01~0.03.
A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient proposed by the present invention and preparation method thereof, its preparation technology bag
Include following steps:
(1) according to the ratio dispensing of the material composition, and the Ga scaling loss amounts of 2%~4% (mass percent) are added；
(2) dispensing is carried out into melting, melting mode is, using vaccum sensitive stove or arc-melting furnace melting, to be poured after melting
Cast alloy material；
(3) alloy material is heat-treated, technique is：Insulation is air cooled to for 0.5~3 hour at a temperature of 200~600 DEG C
Room temperature, with high-purity argon gas as protective gas.
A kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient proposed by the present invention and preparation method thereof, its preparation technology,
Preferably, after by dispensing and vacuum induction melting, then solidification operation is oriented to prepare the alloy with preferred orientation
Ingot.Directional solidification uses high-temperature gradient directional solidification stove, and thermograde is 50~500K/cm, and drawing velocity is 2~20mm/
min。
A kind of high-entropy alloy FeCoNi (AlGa) with big magnetostriction coefficient proposed by the present inventionxMyMaterial, with big
Magnetostriction coefficient and excellent mechanical property, Magnetostriction are more than -580 × 10-6, compressive strength at room temperature exceedes
2200MPa, room temperature is more than 25% with respect to compression ratio.
Recent studies have indicated that, (Fe-Ga and Fe-Co alloy/C), the knot of big magnetostriction in Fe base magnetic striction materials
Structure origin is probably that the tetragonal distortion produced by A2 matrix phases (BCC structures) lattice causes, i.e., uneven solid solution structure pair
The Magnetostriction of Fe base magnetic striction materials plays a crucial role.Further increase the lattice tetragonal distortion degree of alloy substrate
It is hopeful further to improve its Magnetostriction.With reference to the entropic effect high and serious distortion of lattice characteristic of high-entropy alloy, this
Invention proposes FeCoNi (AlGa)xMyHigh-entropy alloy composition, obtains big magnetostriction coefficient.Additionally, Si, B, Nb, Cr, Sn,
The addition of the trace element such as Zn, Cu, V, In, Ge, Tb, Dy, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, one side Partial Elements can be solid-solution in matrix
In alloy, further increase distortion of lattice degree, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of matrix alloy can be changed again so as to influence magnetic property,
Another aspect Partial Elements can form tiny precipitation precipitated phase and play the effect of precipitation strength, improve the mechanical property of alloy
Energy.The main strengthening mechanism of high-entropy alloy is to cause serious distortion of lattice in dissolving in matrix alloy by large radius atom, from
And solution strengthening.In addition, FeCoNi (AlGa) of the inventionxMyThe matrix phase composition of high-entropy alloy in addition to BCC phases, also
The formation of FCC phases, FCC matrixes cause that alloy has good plasticity.
It is an advantage of the invention that the structure origin and the knot of the excellent mechanical property of high-entropy alloy of Fe base magnetic striction materials
Structure feature is combined, it is proposed that while the alloying component of specific big magnetostriction coefficient and excellent mechanical property, with reference to preparing
The organizational controls of journey, finally realizes FeCoNi (AlGa)xMyThe excellent comprehensive performance of high-entropy alloy：Magnetostriction is up to-
655×10-6, compressive strength at room temperature 2315MPa, with respect to compression ratio 34%, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is FeNiCo (AlGa)0.35The Magnetostriction curve of alloy；
Fig. 2 is FeNiCo (AlGa)0.35The room temperature compression stress strain curve of alloy；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1：Preparing has big magnetostriction coefficient FeNiCo (AlGa)0.35Alloy
The raw material of design is weighed with electronic balance, wherein simple substance Fe, Ni and the Co using purity more than 99.9%, pure
Simple substance Ga and Al of the degree more than 99.99%, and add 3% Ga scaling loss amounts, it is described to be weight percentage.Using vacuum induction
Smelting furnace master alloy melting, suction to 3 × 10-2High-purity argon gas are passed through after Pa, melting is heated, 3 points are refined after melting sources
Clock, to ensure the uniform of alloying component, the alloy after refining is poured intoAlloy bar；After removal surface scale,
Epitaxis are carried out to foundry alloy rod using ultra high temperature gradient directional solidification furnace, thermograde is 200K/cm, pull speed
It is 12mm/min to spend；Then, the alloy bar after directional solidification is heat-treated, is first evacuated to 5 × 10-2Pa, is filled with high-purity
Argon gas is air cooled to room temperature as protective atmosphere after being incubated 2 hours at 400 DEG C.
Fig. 1 is FeNiCo (AlGa)0.35The Magnetostriction curve of alloy, Fig. 2 is FeNiCo (AlGa)0.35Alloy
Room temperature compression performance curve.Magnetostriction shows with mechanical experimental results, FeNiCo (AlGa)0.35The magnetostriction of alloy
Performance reaches -655 × 10-6, compressive strength at room temperature reaches 2315MPa, with respect to compression ratio up to 34%.
Embodiment 2：Preparing has big magnetostriction coefficient FeNiCo (AlGa)0.5Tb0.03Alloy
The raw material of design is weighed with electronic balance, wherein simple substance Fe, Ni and the Co using purity more than 99.9%, pure
Simple substance Ga, Al and the Tb of degree more than 99.99%, and add 4% Ga scaling loss amounts, it is described to be weight percentage.Using electric arc
Stove molten alloy.Electric arc furnaces working chamber vacuum is first evacuated to 3~5 × 10-3Pa, then high-purity argon gas are passed through as protective gas；It is first
The Ti ingots melting first having in stove 3 times, the oxygen content in vacuum chamber is reduced by the burning of titanium.Then simple substance described in melting again
The mixture of raw material.During melting, electromagnetic agitation is opened.After after simple substance raw mixture all fusing, refining stops molten after 1 minute
Refining, natural cooling is into solid-state in stove.After manipulator overturns, then melting second time in the same way.So repeat melting 3
Stop melting after secondary, aluminium alloy is cast in the mould in copper mould casting system, after cooling, obtainAlloy
Rod.Finally, alloy bar is heat-treated, is first evacuated to 5 × 10-2Pa, is filled with high-purity argon gas as protective atmosphere, 450
DEG C insulation 1.5 hours after be air cooled to room temperature.
Magnetostriction shows with mechanical experimental results, FeNiCo (AlGa)0.5Tb0.03The Magnetostriction of alloy
It is -583 × 10-6, compressive strength at room temperature is 2206MPa, is 26% with respect to compression ratio.
Embodiment 3：Preparing has big magnetostriction coefficient FeNiCo (AlGa)0.4Ce0.02B0.02Alloy
The raw material of design is weighed with electronic balance, wherein simple substance Fe, Ni and the Co using purity more than 99.9%, pure
Degree more than 99.99% simple substance Ga, Al and Ce, use B content for 26.4% Fe-B intermediate alloys, and add 3% Ga burn
Damage amount, it is described to be weight percentage.Foundry alloy, suction to 3 × 10 are refined using vacuum induction melting-2Pa, is passed through argon
Gas keeps vacuum to 5 × 10-1Heated after Pa, refined 3 minutes after melting sources, to ensure the uniform of alloying component, will refined
Alloy afterwards is poured intoAlloy bar；After removal surface scale, using ultra high temperature gradient directional solidification furnace to casting
State alloy bar carries out epitaxis, and thermograde is 180K/cm, and drawing velocity is 10mm/min；Then, to directional solidification
Alloy bar be heat-treated, be first evacuated to 5 × 10-2Pa, is filled with argon gas as protective atmosphere, after being incubated 3 hours at 360 DEG C
It is air cooled to room temperature.
Magnetostriction shows with mechanical experimental results, FeNiCo (AlGa)0.4Ce0.02B0.02The magnetostriction of alloy
Can be -623 × 10-6, compressive strength at room temperature is 2300MPa, and 32% is reached with respect to compression ratio.
Embodiment 4：Preparing has big magnetostriction coefficient FeNiCo (AlGa)0.3Ge0.01Dy0.02Alloy
The raw material of design is weighed with electronic balance, wherein simple substance Fe, Ni and the Co using purity more than 99.9%, pure
Simple substance Ga, Al, Ge and the Dy of degree more than 99.99%, and add 4% Ga scaling loss amounts, it is described to be weight percentage.Using electricity
Arc stove alloy smelting.Electric arc furnaces working chamber vacuum is first evacuated to 3~5 × 10-3Pa, then it is passed through the high-purity argon that purity is 99.99%
Gas is used as protective gas；The Ti ingots melting having in stove first 3 times, the oxygen content in vacuum chamber is reduced by the burning of titanium.
Then the mixture of simple substance raw material described in melting again.During melting, electromagnetic agitation is opened.Treat that simple substance raw mixture all melts
Afterwards, melting is stopped after refining 1 minute, natural cooling is into solid-state in stove.After manipulator overturns, then melting in the same way
Second time.Stop melting after so repeating melting 3 times, aluminium alloy is cast in the mould in copper mould casting system, it is to be cooled
Afterwards, obtainAlloy bar.Finally, alloy bar is heat-treated, is first evacuated to 5 × 10-2Pa, is filled with high-purity argon
Gas is air cooled to room temperature as protective atmosphere after being incubated 0.5 hour at 500 DEG C.
Magnetostriction shows with mechanical experimental results, FeNiCo (AlGa)0.3Ge0.01Dy0.02The magnetostriction of alloy
Performance reachable -603 × 10-6, compressive strength at room temperature is 2278MPa, and room temperature is with respect to compression ratio 27%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient, it is characterised in that material composition is：
FeCoNi(AlGa)xMy,
Wherein, x=0.1~1.5, y=0~0.05；M is Si, B, Nb, Cr, Sn, Zn, Cu, V, In, Ge, Tb, Dy, La, Ce,
One or more in Pr, Nd.
2. a kind of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient according to claim 1, it is characterised in that x=0.2~
0.5, y=0.01~0.03.
3. a kind of preparation method of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient according to claim 1 and 2, its feature
It is that preparation technology is comprised the following steps:
(1) according to the ratio dispensing of the material composition, and the Ga scaling loss amounts of 2%~4wt% are added；
(2) dispensing is carried out into melting, melting mode is, using vaccum sensitive stove or arc-melting furnace melting, to be cast into after melting
Alloy material；
(3) alloy material is heat-treated, technique is：Insulation is air cooled to room in 0.5~3 hour at a temperature of 200~600 DEG C
Temperature, with high-purity argon gas as protective gas.
4. a kind of preparation method of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient according to claim 3, its feature exists
In by after dispensing and vacuum induction melting, then solidification being oriented, to prepare the alloy material with preferred orientation.
5. a kind of preparation method of high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient according to claim 4, its feature exists
In directional solidification uses high-temperature gradient directional solidification stove, and thermograde is 50~500K/cm, and drawing velocity is 2~20mm/
min。
6. using a kind of preparation method of the high-entropy alloy with big magnetostriction coefficient described in claim 3-5, acquisition
FeCoNi(AlGa)xMyAlloy material, Magnetostriction reachable -655 × 10-6, compressive strength at room temperature is up to 2315MPa, phase
To compression ratio up to 34%.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108118194A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-05 | 包头稀土研究院 | The preparation method of Fe-Co base magnetic strictions alloy and its B alloy wire |
| CN109576607A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州大学 | A kind of FeCoNi base soft magnetism high-entropy alloy and application |
| CN109972066A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-05 | 西北工业大学 | The method for improving AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy power magnetic property using magnetic field |
| CN110273078A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of magnetism (FeCoNi1.5CuBmREn)P/ Al composite material and preparation method |
| CN110310793A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-08 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Hard Magnetic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110358959A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-22 | 有研稀土新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of magnetostrictive thin film composite material and preparation method |
| CN111690863A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-22 | 江苏理工学院 | High-hardness Cr-Cu-Fe-Ni-V high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112267057A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Soft magnetic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116586590A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-15 | 西安工业大学 | High-gradient directional solidification-based heterogeneous eutectic high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN108118194A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-05 | 包头稀土研究院 | The preparation method of Fe-Co base magnetic strictions alloy and its B alloy wire |
| CN110358959A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-22 | 有研稀土新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of magnetostrictive thin film composite material and preparation method |
| CN109576607A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州大学 | A kind of FeCoNi base soft magnetism high-entropy alloy and application |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |