CN106866278A - A kind of method that utilization charcoal prepares efficient organic fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization charcoal prepares efficient organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106866278A CN106866278A CN201710213519.1A CN201710213519A CN106866278A CN 106866278 A CN106866278 A CN 106866278A CN 201710213519 A CN201710213519 A CN 201710213519A CN 106866278 A CN106866278 A CN 106866278A
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- organic fertilizer
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- earthworm
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that utilization charcoal prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer is for raw material is prepared from by agricultural crop straw, livestock and poultry animal excrement, earthworm and other nutriments.The preparing raw material of wherein described organic fertilizer by weight, 60 80 parts of stalk, 5 15 parts of earthworm, 10 20 parts of biogas slurry, 5 10 parts of mineral matter.Efficient organic fertilizer of the invention is prepared according to anaerobic digestion techniques, charcoal high-temperature calcination and earthworm high-efficiency breeding method.The efficient organic fertilizer for obtaining can be utilized with direct returning to farmland, without topdressing, the characteristics of with low cost, high benefit, secondary pollution, the growth of reduction mosquitos and flies and soil hardening that biogas residue direct returning to farmland may bring can be effectively solved the problems, such as, the Production Time of organic fertilizer can be shortened again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of biological fertilizer, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of efficient biologic-organic fertilizer.
Background technology
Since after the vestige for finding a large amount of charcoals in the black earth earth of Amazon River basin, current charcoal has obtained the country
The extensive concern of outer many scientific research institutions, government and enterprise etc..The old Wenzhou-Fuzhou academician of China takes the lead in proposing " agriculture and forestry organic waste material for 2006
The theory of carbonization also field technology " simultaneously carries out related science research work, and charcoal is increasingly becoming one kind and can be applied to agricultural, environment
The excellent material in field.Due to the advantage of the porous, bigger serface and high charge density of charcoal so that charcoal is to water
Divide and the confinement capabilities of nutrient strengthen, soil texture can not only be optimized, moreover it is possible to promote the existence of Soil Microorganism group
And procreation, while playing positive facilitation to soil productivity and plant growth.The experimental results show that charcoal is straight
Charing also field is connect all to play an important role plant growth, soil water storage fertilizer conservation, raising utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing yield and improving quality aspect.But
Due to charcoal itself nutrient content seldom, the nutrient content that can directly feed crop is less, is pursuing increases in grain production and raising
Under the reality of benefit drives, acquired a certain degree of difficulty instead of organic fertilizer with charcoal merely.To solve the above problems, by coming for charcoal
Source mode and application further expansion, with agricultural crop straw, livestock and poultry animal excrement and earthworm as raw material, produce a kind of new bio
Organic fertilizer, it is advantageous that：The global advantage of material can be played；Using charcoal as compost from earthworm carrier material, sticking fertilizer
Material nutrient, delays the nutrients release of water-soluble chemical fertilizer, improves fertilizer nutrient utilization；Reduce the work of fertilizer drip washing loss
With the problem of environmental pollution that mitigation is produced by fertilizer loss；Charcoal after compound, is difficult to be flown away, and dust is greatly reduced
Loss；Contain a certain amount of mineral nutrient in charcoal, mineral nutrient content in soil, such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and nitrogen can be increased
Element；Charcoal has that quantity is big, renewable, low production cost advantage, the artificial less investment that the chemical fertilizer of compounding needs.
The content of the invention
One kind is provided with agricultural crop straw, livestock and poultry animal it is an object of the invention to be directed to the above-mentioned technical problem to be solved
Excrement and earthworm matrix are raw material, and a kind of method of efficient organic fertilizer is produced using biomass solid waste.Meanwhile, the Fertilizer nutrient is filled
Foot, can meet crop growth demand, be not required to topdress, and can improve lean soil environment, partly or entirely substitute chemical fertilizer, real
The efficient organic fertilizer of the organic plantation of existing crops.
The method foundation anaerobic digestion techniques, charcoal high-temperature calcination and earthworm high-efficiency breeding method, using charcoal
Porous, adsorptivity as the carrier material of compost from earthworm, coordinate the nutritional ingredient of mineral matter to prepare efficient organic fertilizer, realize life
The green of material solid waste, efficiently circulation, utilization, and obtain considerable economic benefit.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is comprised the following steps：
1）By crops stalk crushing to 1-2cm, according to formula（C1+C2+...+Cn）/（N1+N2 ...+Cn）=25/1-30/1, with poultry
Poultry manure adjusts C/N values.Then anaerobic digestion gas production is carried out under the conditions of 35 DEG C, postdigestive biogas residue is dried, crushed, and crosses 20 mesh
Screen cloth（Take the lower rate of sieve）, in 105 DEG C of dry for standby；
2）Biogas residue prepares charcoal, is heated under high temperature process furnances, nitrogen atmosphere, and pyrolysis heating rate is 25 DEG C/min, pyrolysis
Temperature be 600 DEG C of states under be pyrolyzed 3h.Cooling, drying, grinding, 80 eye mesh screens screening, kept dry is stand-by；
3）Crushed stalk presses C/N ratios for 15-35 to 1-2cm with feces of livestock and poultry:1 ratio mixes and stirs, Ran Houyong
Concentration be the urea or salt acid for adjusting pH of 2 w% in 6.2-8.0, humidity 65-75%, at a temperature of 50-70 DEG C react 5-10 days, obtain
To earthworm cultivation substratum；
4）Charcoal and earthworm matrix are pressed 3：It is used for vermiculture after 7 ratio mixing, after after earthworm amount reproduction, strikes off foster
Matrix is grown, 20 mesh sieves are crossed after being crushed with pulverizer（Take the lower rate of sieve）；
5）Mineral matter is uniformly sprayed in proportion in organic fertilizer after being pulverized and constantly stirred, control the humidity of organic fertilizer
30% or so, organic fertilizer product is obtained.
Wherein, the vermiculture, its earthworm is 500-600 bars/m with the ratio of cultivation matrix2。
Wherein, the mineral matter is by weight：Ground phosphate rock 10-15%, guanite 2.5%, humic acid 5%, potassium feldspar 5%,
Charcoal 0.5%.
The advantages of the present invention are：
The method process is simple, easy to operate, family is used or commercial cost of manufacture is cheap, with significant social effect and economic valency
Value；The nutritional deficiency of existing lean soil can be improved, crops are met and grown demand substantially；Single fertilization, without topdressing；It is raw
Thing charcoal sticking fertilizer nutrient, delays the nutrients release of water-soluble chemical fertilizer, improves fertilizer nutrient utilization；Reduce fertilizer drip washing
The effect of loss, the problem of environmental pollution that mitigation is produced by fertilizer loss.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples, but the technology contents that are described of the present embodiment be it is illustrative,
Rather than limited, protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to according to this.
Embodiment 1：
1）Corn stalk powder is broken to 2cm, C/N values are adjusted 25 with cow dung:1.Anaerobic digestion gas production is carried out under the conditions of 35 DEG C, is disappeared
Biogas residue after change is crushed, and crosses 20 eye mesh screens（Take the lower rate of sieve）, in 105 DEG C of dry for standby；
2）Biogas residue prepares charcoal, is heated under high temperature process furnances, nitrogen atmosphere, and pyrolysis heating rate is 25 DEG C/min, pyrolysis
Temperature be 600 DEG C of states under be pyrolyzed 3h.Cooling, drying, grinding, 80 eye mesh screens screening is stored in stand-by in drier；
3）Corn stalk powder is broken to 2cm, and it is 20 to press C/N ratios with cow dung:1 ratio mixes and stirs, and then uses concentration
Be the urea or salt acid for adjusting pH of 2 w% 6.2, humidity 65% is reacted 8 days at a temperature of 50 DEG C, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
4）Charcoal and earthworm matrix are pressed 3：It is used for vermiculture after 7 ratio mixing, earthworm inoculum concentration is 500 Tiao/㎡, is treated
After earthworm amount reproduction, cultivation matrix is struck off, 20 mesh sieves are crossed after being crushed with pulverizer（Take the lower rate of sieve）；
5）By mineral matter ground phosphate rock 10% by weight proportion, guanite 2.5%, humic acid 5%, potassium feldspar 5%, charcoal 0.5%,
Stir in even sprinkling organic fertilizer after being pulverized and constantly, control the humidity of organic fertilizer 30% or so, organic fertilizer is obtained and produces
Product.
Embodiment 2：
1）Rice straw, straw are crushed to 1cm, C/N values are adjusted 25 with chicken manure:1.Anaerobic digestion gas production is carried out under the conditions of 35 DEG C,
Postdigestive biogas residue is crushed, and crosses 20 eye mesh screens（Take the lower rate of sieve）, in 105 DEG C of dry for standby；
2）Biogas residue prepares charcoal, is heated under high temperature process furnances, nitrogen atmosphere, and pyrolysis heating rate is 25 DEG C/min, pyrolysis
Temperature be 600 DEG C of states under be pyrolyzed 3h.Cooling, drying, grinding, 80 eye mesh screens screening is stored in stand-by in drier；
3）Rice straw, straw are crushed to 1cm, and it is 30 to press C/N ratios with cow dung:1 ratio mixes and stirs, and then uses concentration
Be the urea or salt acid for adjusting pH of 2 w% 7.3, humidity 70% is reacted 6 days at a temperature of 65 DEG C, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
4）Charcoal and earthworm matrix are pressed 3：It is used for vermiculture after 7 ratio mixing, earthworm inoculum concentration is 500 Tiao/㎡, is treated
After earthworm amount reproduction, cultivation matrix is struck off, 20 mesh sieves are crossed after being crushed with pulverizer（Take the lower rate of sieve）；
5）By mineral matter ground phosphate rock 10% by weight proportion, guanite 2.5%, humic acid 5%, potassium feldspar 5%, charcoal 0.5%,
Stir in even sprinkling organic fertilizer after being pulverized and constantly, control the humidity of organic fertilizer 30% or so, organic fertilizer is obtained and produces
Product.
Embodiment 3：
1）Corncob, husk are crushed to 1cm, C/N values are adjusted 25 with chicken manure:1.Anaerobic digestion product is carried out under the conditions of 35 DEG C
Gas, postdigestive biogas residue is crushed, and crosses 20 eye mesh screens（Take the lower rate of sieve）, in 105 DEG C of dry for standby；
2）Biogas residue prepares charcoal, is heated under high temperature process furnances, nitrogen atmosphere, and pyrolysis heating rate is 25 DEG C/min, pyrolysis
Temperature be 600 DEG C of states under be pyrolyzed 3h.Cooling, drying, grinding, 80 eye mesh screens screening is stored in stand-by in drier；
3）Corncob, husk are crushed to 1cm, and it is 35 to press C/N ratios with cow dung:1 ratio mixes and stirs, then with dense
Urea or salt acid for adjusting pH for 2 w% are spent 7.8, and humidity 65% is reacted 5 days at a temperature of 65 DEG C, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
4）Charcoal and earthworm matrix are pressed 3：It is used for vermiculture after 7 ratio mixing, earthworm inoculum concentration is 600 Tiao/㎡, is treated
After earthworm amount reproduction, cultivation matrix is struck off, 20 mesh sieves are crossed after being crushed with pulverizer（Take the lower rate of sieve）；
5）By mineral matter ground phosphate rock 15% by weight proportion, guanite 2.5%, humic acid 5%, potassium feldspar 5%, charcoal 0.5%,
Stir in even sprinkling organic fertilizer after being pulverized and constantly, control the humidity of organic fertilizer 30% or so, organic fertilizer is obtained and produces
Product.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that utilization charcoal prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that by agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry, earthworm
Earthworm matrix and mineral matter are prepared from for raw material, and its step is as follows：
（1）Agricultural crop straw is pre-processed with the biogas residue after livestock and poultry animal excrement anaerobic digestion；
（2）Biogas residue high-temperature calcination prepares charcoal；
（3）Charcoal and earthworm matrix are pressed 3：It is used for vermiculture after 7 ratio mixing；
（4）After after earthworm amount reproduction, cultivation matrix is struck off, 20 mesh sieves are crossed after being crushed with pulverizer（Take the lower rate of sieve）；
（5）Mineral matter is uniformly sprayed in proportion in organic fertilizer after being pulverized and constantly stirred, control organic fertilizer it is wet
Degree is obtained efficient organic fertilizer product 30% or so.
2. the method that a kind of utilization charcoal according to claim 1 prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that anaerobism disappears
Before change, according to formula（C1+C2+...+Cn）/（N1+N2 ...+Cn）=25/1-30/1, C/N values are adjusted with feces of livestock and poultry；Then 35
Anaerobic digestion gas production is carried out under the conditions of DEG C, postdigestive biogas residue is crushed, and crosses 20 eye mesh screens（Take the lower rate of sieve）, it is standby in 105 DEG C of drying
With.
3. the method that a kind of utilization charcoal according to claim 1 prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that biogas residue is
One or more agricultural crop straws and feces of livestock and poultry are the mixture after raw material anaerobic digestion；Wherein, agricultural crop straw bag
Maize straw, straw, rice straw, sweet sorghum stalk etc. are included, feces of livestock and poultry is including cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, horsehit etc..
4. the method that a kind of utilization charcoal according to claim 1 prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that the life
Thing charcoal is that biogas residue is obtained through high-temperature calcination, and calcination condition is：High temperature process furnances, heat under nitrogen atmosphere, and pyrolysis heating rate is
25 DEG C/min, pyrolysis temperature be 600 DEG C of states under be pyrolyzed 3h.Cooling, drying, grinding, 80 eye mesh screens screening is stored in drier
In it is stand-by.
5. the method that a kind of utilization charcoal according to claim 1 prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that described
It with feces of livestock and poultry by C/N ratios is 15-35 that vermiculture base-material is after crushed stalk:1 ratio mixes and stirs, then
With the urea or salt acid for adjusting pH that concentration is 2 w% in 6.2-8.0, humidity 65-75%, reacted 5-10 days at a temperature of 50-70 DEG C.
6. the method that a kind of utilization charcoal according to claim 1 prepares efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that described
The percentage by weight of mineral matter each component is：Ground phosphate rock 10-15%, guanite 2.5%, humic acid 5%, potassium feldspar 5%, charcoal
0.5%。
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| CN201710213519.1A CN106866278A (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | A kind of method that utilization charcoal prepares efficient organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107466725A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | One kind is used for artemisia annua sowing and Seedling Stage special nutrient soil |
| CN111440013A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-07-24 | 天津大学 | Potassium-rich slow-release biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114736934A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-12 | 东北师范大学 | Method for promoting anaerobic co-fermentation of animal manure and straw to prepare biogas by adding biochar |
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| CN102134070A (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-27 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Method for preparing activated carbon by utilizing biogas residues |
| CN104193432A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-10 | 华南理工大学 | Method for realizing recycling of water hyacinths and livestock-poultry excrements by virtue of earthworms |
| CN106365714A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 滁州朝昱农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of novel compost |
-
2017
- 2017-04-01 CN CN201710213519.1A patent/CN106866278A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102134070A (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-27 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Method for preparing activated carbon by utilizing biogas residues |
| CN104193432A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-10 | 华南理工大学 | Method for realizing recycling of water hyacinths and livestock-poultry excrements by virtue of earthworms |
| CN106365714A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 滁州朝昱农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of novel compost |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107466725A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | One kind is used for artemisia annua sowing and Seedling Stage special nutrient soil |
| CN111440013A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-07-24 | 天津大学 | Potassium-rich slow-release biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114736934A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-12 | 东北师范大学 | Method for promoting anaerobic co-fermentation of animal manure and straw to prepare biogas by adding biochar |
| CN114736934B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2024-03-26 | 东北师范大学 | Method for preparing biogas by promoting anaerobic co-fermentation of livestock manure straw by adding biochar |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |