CN106866254A - A kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof, it is mixed by following percent by volume component raw material：Charring rice husk 10 ~ 65, turf 25 ~ 60, vermiculite 10 ~ 60, strong seedling agent 1 ~ 5, attapulgite powder 5 ~ 20, above-mentioned raw materials are fully mixed evenly, and are crossing 8 10 mm aperture sieves, obtain finished product matrix.Compound nutritional matrix of the invention, matrix water conservation capacity of water supply is good, nutrition-allocated proportion is reasonable, nutrients ratio needed for meeting season semilate rice seedling growth development, educate paddy rice with this matrix, rice paddy seed emerge soon, emergence rate is high, well developed root system, rice shoot cycocel matter is high, the survival rate of transplanted by machine is high, missing seedling rate is low, and final rice yield is high；The freight of outsourcing matrix is saved simultaneously, matrix cost and seedling cost is reduced, peasant economy income is increased, labor productivity is improve, and is particularly well-suited to southern Yangze river and Huai river hilly region raising rice seedlings specific complex nutrient matrix.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to capital goods in the agricultural sector, cultural solid reclaiming organic waste and its applied technical field, specifically
It is related to a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Paddy rice is China's staple food crop, and between 60 years after founding of New, the annual total cultivated area of China paddy rice is put down
Up to 3.094 × 107hm2, account for the 27% of China's cereal crops sowing gross area；Gross annual output amount average out to 1.333 × 108T, accounts for
The 42% of total grain output, occupies cereal crops the first.China's Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area is only second to India, but the total output Que Ju worlds
One, it is to produce the most country of rice in the world.China's Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area is 3.031 × 10 within 20147hm2, total output is up to
2.065×108t.Therefore development Rice Production plays an important roll to ensureing China's grain security.
Rice Production generally includes the preventing and treating of nursery (seedling), site preparation, transplanting (rice transplanting), water and fertilizer management and disease pest and weed and harvests
Etc. key link, wherein seedling is basis, can nurturing staff be rice high yield key point.It is water to be transplanted in good time after nursery
The basic guarantee of rice high yield.Traditional Rice Cropping be all artificial field nursery and rice transplantation by hand, it is necessary to substantial amounts of labour
Can complete, particularly this process of rice transplanting, the work of consuming is most.
In recent years as the development of China's modern industry, agricultural and urbanization, Farmer Labors in City are worked and increased, rural laborer is tight
Weight is not enough, and paddy rice manually transplants rice transplanting becomes that Yu's hair is difficult, and rice transplanting expense progressively increases, and allows peasant household and the paddy rice for lacking labour
Large plantation family is gradually difficult to bear, and both increased production cost, and rice shoot can not be transplanted in time, and the later stage paddy rice underproduction, shadow are caused again
The enthusiasm of peasant's production is rung.National departments concerned is it is also noted that this situation, puts into a large amount of manpower and materials and financial resources research and development
Novel rice transplanter tool.
With continuing to develop for mechanization of agriculture, rice transplanting machinery constantly improve and maturation in recent years, instead of rice transplantation by hand
Reality is had become, is that the agrotechnical department in this various regions starts to widely popularize and replaces rice transplantation by hand using paddy machinery rice transplanting, use rice transplanting
The peasant household and big farming household of machine rice transplantation progressively increase, area constantly expands, proportion is steadily improved, and revolutionize over
The mode of production of " loess being faced, facing away from day ", makes kind of a grain farmer family be freed from the manual labor of high intensity, and machine rice transplantation is fast
Speed is received by vast farmerses.Rice shoot is planted with rice transplanter replaces rice transplantation by hand rice cultivation to be also China paddy rice life from now on
Produce the direction of development.
Paddy machinery rice transplanting is essentially different, it is necessary to artificial culture is high-quality short with rice transplantation by hand traditional in the past
Strong rice shoot, this needs to set up seedling factory, implements industrial sprout cultivation production.Industrial sprout cultivation is totally different from traditional crop field and educates
Seedling is, it is necessary to prepare special raising rice seedlings nutrient matrix seeding and seedling raising in seedling factory.
At present it has been reported that the seedling medium of many species, but nursery material is summed up and can be divided into 2 major classes, and one is
The organic resources of biomass such as turf, stalk, barnyard manure, mushroom slag etc., as nursery master after the treatment such as rotten of fermented, expanded, heap
Body material；Two is inorganic mineral matter resource, such as perlite, vermiculite, rock wool, river sand and topsoil.Different materials
Expect the physicochemical character differences such as its water holding, water guide, porosity status, density, water flowing permeability, retain water and nutrients and nutrient content very
Greatly, respectively there are advantage and weak point：The mineral material water guide venting capability such as vermiculite is stronger, but nutrient content is low, and river sand is protected
Water fertilizer-preserving ability is weaker；The organic materials retain water and nutrients such as barnyard manure, mushroom slag ability is strong, can on the spot take village, turn waste into wealth, but water guide is saturating
Gas ability is low；Turf fiber content enriches, loose porous, and ventilating permeable is good, and specific surface area is big, adsorbs and sequestering power
By force, there is stronger ion exchange and salt balance control ability, the routed energy of plant drought, disease-resistant, low-temperature resistance, salt resistance can be strengthened again
Power, is widely used as seedling matrix material, but turf is distributed mainly on the Northeast of China, needs long-distance transport, and resource and quantity are equal
It is very limited, it is again in a short time non-renewable resources, long-term a large amount of uses will cause resource exhaustion, it is impossible to continue, it is necessary to find
Other materials are replaced.In addition, no matter this different materials is single use or arranges in pairs or groups mixed, nutrient not comprehensive and injustice
Weighing apparatus could meet requirement of the paddy rice normal growth development to nutrient, it is necessary to add extra nutriment, so as to increased nursery
The technical difficulty and cost of work.
In recent years with the development of seedling-raising technique, quality of seedlings requirement is improved constantly, to the quality requirements of seedling medium
Gradually step up, but due to each side such as economy and human cost, current seedling medium is all intended to broad spectrum type,
It is special according to rice nutrition characteristic and rice shoot regulation of fertilizer requirement without different regions soil nutrient status and specific weather conditions are directed to
The seedling medium of door design is relatively fewer, especially in terms of rice mechanization industrial seedling rearing matrix.Therefore it is badly in need of research and development new
The paddy rice specific complex seedling raising ground substance of the high efficiency nutritious over-all peace weighing apparatus of type.
Anhui is China paddy rice main producing region, and the long-term cultivated area of the whole province paddy rice is in 2,000,000 hm2More than, wherein kind in 2014
Plant area and be up to 221.7 ten thousand hm2, up to 13,940,000 t, sown area and total output account for 7.32% He in the whole nation to total output respectively
6.75%, the province such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Heilungkiang and Jiangsu is only second to, cultivated area occupies the 5th, the whole nation, and total output occupies the whole nation the 7th
Position.Rice growing area accounts for the 33.5% of Anhui the whole province plant of grain crops area, and total output accounts for the whole province's cereal crops total output
42.4%, Rice Production occupies critical role in Anhui Province.
Anhui Province's Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area is although larger, but yield per unit area is relatively low, 2013 annual 6153kg/hm2, it is low
In national average product 7104kg/hm2, the 22nd is arranged in the whole nation, there is very big difference with the high yield province such as Jiangsu and high-yield culturing
Away from.In addition to weather conditions, the link such as culturing and transplanting seedlings cultivation technique backwardness is also the major reason of low yield.Investigation shows, Nong Minchuan
Using crop field watery ricenursery method, the seedling stage overcast and rainy disease pests such as chilling injury and damping-off that are easily subjected to of chance to cause harm system seedling, dead seedling more
Phenomenon is serious, and the quality of seedlings is low, turns green slow after transplanting, is short of seedling many, and Basic Seedling is not enough, finally have impact on rice grain yield
Improve.Drought educates-and water educates two sections of seedling raising methods being combined cannot bring out the machine transplanting of rice rice shoot of short and small stalwartness, it is necessary to set up seedling factory reality
Apply seedbed seedling.
The seedling factory that current Anhui peasant sets up generally using soil addition nutritional agents as seedling bed earth, mainly
The table soil of curing is taken from field, is fetched earth difficult, big with soil amount, general every mu needs 100kg seedlings soil, is to promote 100,000 mu of machine transplanting of rice rice
Example, ripe about 10,000 tons of requirement of table soil；Simultaneously taken table soil before seedling must through air dry, crushings, sieve after can use,
Labour intensity is big during operation, and the seedling quality not only cultivated is poor, and soil carries the germs of a disease worm's ovum grass-seed, to soil plough horizon destruction
Seriously, also there is destructiveness to environment, this is unsustainable.Small part seedling factory buys commodity seedling raising ground substance from other places, this
A little matrix are more with residue, muck and stalk after the discarded object such as edible fungus culturing of local agricultural production as primary raw material, from other places
Long-distance transport, not only increases hundreds of yuan/ton of cost of transportation, can not make full use of local agricultural wastes resource, while
Nonlocal matrix formulations are single, and without Anhui paddy rice producing region soil nutrient status and natural conditions are directed to, adaptability is poor, cultivation
The quality of seedlings is not also high.The various rice seedling raising ground substances of invention, more or less there is also these problems at present.
Jianghuai Region, Anhui agricultural biomass aboundresources, agriculture waste species are various, enormous amount.Yangze river and Huai river various regions have
Many large-scale Rice producing factories, processing paddy rice generates substantial amounts of discarded object-rice husk.Past rice husk be mainly used for make
It is the bedding and padding of livestock and poultry farm, partly as factory or life fuel.But in recent years with the development that China's industrial or agricultural is modernized,
Rural area or factory are substantially all and are changed to gas or electricity consumption, and the rice husk quantity as fuel is few, cause a large amount of rice husks go out of use in
Wilderness, both pollutes environment, wastes resource.Relevant research shows that the charring rice husk that will be formed after charred rice husk is loose more
Hole, mineral matter is complete, nutritious.Replaced with charring rice husk or part is used to prepare raising rice seedlings base instead of turf and vermiculite
Matter, can reduce the consumption of the non-renewable resources such as turf and vermiculite, and can be turned waste into wealth using agricultural wastes resource, protection
Environment.
It is thoroughly to solve the problems, such as raising rice seedlings bed soil and the strong seedling of the machine transplanting of rice for above-mentioned situation, is badly in need of research and development and is adapted to locality
New and effective compound nutritional seedling raising ground substance, Nutrition Soil seedling raising ground substance seedling is substituted with rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance, uses high-efficiency rice
Specific complex nutrient-raising rice seedlings matrix replaces universal seedling raising ground substance, to cultivate paddy rice strong sprout, improves machine rice transplantation quality and rice shoot
Survival rate, reduces missing seedling rate, finally improves rice yield, realizes that machine rice transplantation replaces rice transplantation by hand, mitigates peasant's labour intensity,
Realize that rice mechanization is efficiently produced, improve production efficiency.
The content of the invention
It is applied to Anhui Province yangtse-huaihe region paddy rice special efficient compound nutritional seedling base it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
Matter formula and preparation method thereof, is the nutritive peculiarity and rice shoot regulation of fertilizer requirement according to one season of Anhui semilate rice, specifically designed for Yangze river and Huai river ground
Area's soil nutrient status and climatic characteristic, are primary raw material with the discarded rice husk for carbonizing, and are aided with turf and vermiculite, then appropriate with applying
Nutrient and growth regulator, by the nutrients ratio required for season semilate rice seedling growth development with being combined into finished product matrix,
The problems such as solving unstable existing seedling medium property, nutritional imbalance, nutrient need to be supplemented with, so as to promote rice seedling to give birth to
Development long, cultivates sturdy rice shoot, improves the survival rate of rice shoot transplanted by machine, reduces missing seedling rate, final to improve rice grain yield；
Taking full advantage of local agricultural wastes resource again turns waste into wealth, and is conducive to environmental protection；Also the long-distance fortune of outsourcing matrix is eliminated
Defeated problem, can save amount transport expense, reduce matrix cost and seedling cost, improve production efficiency, increase peasant's warp
Ji income.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that system is mixed by the component raw material of following percent by volume
Into：Charring rice husk 5-35, turf 8-20, vermiculite 4-18, strong seedling agent 1-3, attapulgite powder 3-6, above-mentioned raw materials are fully mixed
Uniformly, 8-10mm aperture sieves are being crossed, is obtaining finished product matrix.
A kind of described raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that：Described strong seedling agent is suitable by zeolite powder addition
The mineral nutrient element and growth regulator mixture of amount are formed.
A kind of described raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that：The particle diameter of described attapulgite powder is
0.25~0.40mm, described vermiculite particle diameter is 2~5mm；Described turf is processed to aqueous by commodity turf through spreading air dry out
Amount 30~40%, after removing stone cleaning, after the sieve gained in 8-10mm apertures.
A kind of described raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that：Charring rice husk is by pure rice husk in high temperature
It is prepared under environment, it is also possible to buy marketed best buy charring rice husk, it is also possible to voluntarily prepare in laboratory,
The described method for voluntarily preparing charring rice husk is as follows：
A loads in the cylindrical type steel or aluminium vessel of 2~3L of volume rice husk, and is pressed down against with mallet, as far as possible will
Rice husk compresses compacting, then tightens lid, keeps closed, prevents air from entering back into；
The container that b will install rice husk is put into the muffle furnace in laboratory, places steady, closes fire door；
C adjusts the Temperature controller button of muffle furnace, is set to 350 DEG C, switches on power, heat temperature raising；
D has vapor and a small amount of flue gas to discharge with the continuous rising of in-furnace temperature, and rice husk starts charing, notes observation,
In-furnace temperature is set to be maintained in the range of 330~350 DEG C；
E keeps the temperature of setting, continues 3~5 hours, the rice husk in container is gradually completed charing；
F cuts off the electricity supply when vapor or flue gas without white in stove are discharged, and takes out container, allows its Temperature fall；
G twists the lid off when the temperature of container is down near room temperature, and what is poured out is the charring rice husk of high-quality.
A kind of described raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that：Described zeolite is powdery clinoptilolite, grain
Footpath is 0.25~0.40mm.
A kind of described raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that：Described strong seedling agent is prepared by following method：
0.2~0.8kg of every 47 kilograms of zeolite powders addition ammonium sulfate, 0.5~1.0kg of urea, 0.4~1.2kg of ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride 0.5
~1.5kg, 10~30g of white vitriol, 10~20g of paclobutrazol.
Described a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that described strong seedling agent is prepared by following method
And obtain：
A, formula rate is weighed each component raw material, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and the potassium chloride that will be weighed up are small respectively
Type pulverizer is crushed, and crosses 1mm sieves standby；
B, by load weighted zinc sulfate and paclobutrazol add water respectively fully dissolving, be then sprayed on appropriate zeolite powder, fill
After dividing stirring, airing is standby；
C, the urea by after crushing, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, are separately added into appropriate zeolite powder, fully mix
With it is uniform；
D, all materials obtained by step a, b, c and remaining zeolite powder are mixed, it is uniform being sufficiently mixed, so
2mm sieves are crossed afterwards, and airing, packaging obtains strong seedling agent.
Compared with prior art, raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix of the invention, carbonizes local discarded rice husk as master
Raw material, instead of part turf and vermiculite, reduces the consumption of the non-renewable resources such as turf, and local agriculture waste is made full use of again
Goods and materials source is turned waste into wealth, environmental protection.Matrix particular for Anhui Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley climate characteristic and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of rice seedling,
With appropriate nutrient and growth regulator is applied, nutrient content is complete, nutrition-allocated proportion rationally, by one season semilate rice seedling growth send out
Nutrients ratio required for educating is formulated as finished product matrix, solves unstable existing seedling medium property, nutritional imbalance, needs to mend
Supplement nutrition problem of grading；Physiological acidic fertilizer is specifically added in matrix, substrate pH is adjusted to the suitable subacidity of seedling growth, subtracted
Lack the process of regulation matrix acidity, simplify matrix preparation procedure；Subacidity matrix can also mitigate rice seedling disease, promote
Seedling growth is developed, and cultivates short strong rice shoot, improves the survival rate of rice shoot transplanted by machine, reduces missing seedling rate, is finally improved paddy rice and is produced
Amount；The localization of base starting material also solve outsourcing matrix long-distance transport problem, save amount transport expense, reduce matrix into
Sheet and seedling cost, increased peasant economy income, improve labor productivity.
Raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix of the invention is applied to the periphery province such as Anhui Province and Jiangsu, Hubei Yangze river and Huai river stream
Domain.Verified by laboratory nursery, and the ground such as Tongcheng City demonstration and popularization and application, the quality of seedlings of cultivation is high, volume increase section
This effect of increasing income is obvious.Using the present invention-raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix seedling, seedling disk is light, and matrix water-holding capacity is high, water-retaining property
It is good；Rice paddy seed speed of emergence is fast, and emergence rate is high, and rice shoot well developed root system, packing are good, planting percent is high, and seedling cost is low, economical
High efficiency, it is high that machinery plants quality, and living fast.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with specific implementation example, the invention will be further described.Following examples is intended to the explanation present invention, and
It is not limitation of the invention further.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of charring rice husk：Byproduct-pure rice husk during water intaking rice processing factory processing rice, loads the circle of volume 2L
In column type aluminium box, and it is pressed down against with mallet, rice husk is compressed as far as possible is compacted, excludes air.Then lid is tightened, is kept close
Close.This filling process is repeated, 16 are filled altogether.8 aluminium boxes therein are put into muffle furnace, are heated, adjust temperature controller
In 335 DEG C, observation is noted, in-furnace temperature is maintained at 330~340 DEG C.Continue 3.5~4.5 hours, when the water without white in stove
When steam or flue gas are discharged, cut off the electricity supply, be naturally cooling to room temperature, pour out as charring rice husk.This process is repeated, charing is another
Outer 8 box rice husk is standby.
The pretreatment of attapulgite powder, vermiculite and turf：Commodity attapulgite, vermiculite and each 50L of turf are taken respectively, will be recessed
The sieve that convex rod stone and vermiculite cross 5mm apertures respectively is standby.Turf is spread out in concrete floor, air dry to water content 30~35%,
First cross 10mm apertures sieve remove stone cleaning after, it is standby after the sieve in 5mm apertures.
The preparation of strong seedling agent：Weigh ammonium sulfate 0.5kg, urea 0.8kg, ammonium phosphate 0.6kg, potassium chloride 1.2kg, seven water sulphur
Sour zinc 25g, paclobutrazol 20g.Urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride are crushed with micromill, 1mm sieves is crossed standby；Will
Zinc sulfate and paclobutrazol are respectively put into the beaker of 500ml and 200ml, and add water 250ml and 120ml respectively, is sufficiently stirred for making it
All after dissolving, pour into micro-sprayer, it is equably sprayed in the 2 heap zeolite powders of 6kg and 5kg respectively, and mix and stir
Uniformly, airing is standby.Load weighted urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride are separately added into the zeolite of 6,12,8 and 10kg
In powder, abundant uniform mixing is standby.Above-mentioned 6 kinds of zeolite powder-fertilizer (or growth regulator) mixture is admixed together again, is mixed
With it is uniform, cross 2mm sieves, airing is standby.
Measure respectively above-mentioned preparation or handle well charring rice husk, turf, vermiculite, attapulgite and strong seedling agent 16.5L,
13.0L, 15.5L, 3.5L and 1.5L mix, and abundant mix is mixed evenly, and cross 10mm apertures sieve, obtain finished product matrix 50L, are
No. 1 matrix prepared by the present invention.
Embodiment 2
In embodiment 2 and following example 3, the pretreatment of the preparation, turf and vermiculite of charring rice husk, and strong seedling agent preparation
Method and process, with above-described embodiment 1.
Measure respectively above-mentioned preparation or handle well charring rice husk, turf, vermiculite, attapulgite and strong seedling agent 8.0L,
18.5L, 17.0L, 4.5L and 2.0L, abundant mix are mixed evenly, and cross 10mm apertures sieve, obtain finished product matrix 50L, are this hair
No. 2 matrix of bright preparation.
Embodiment 3
Measure respectively above-mentioned preparation or handle well charring rice husk, turf, vermiculite, attapulgite and strong seedling agent 31.0L,
9.5L, 5.5L, 3.0L and 1.0L mix, and abundant mix is mixed evenly, and cross 10mm apertures sieve, obtain finished product matrix 50L, are this
Invent No. 3 matrix for preparing.
Appropriate above-mentioned 1,2, No. 3 matrix for preparing are weighed respectively, are published according to Bao Shidan chief editors, Chinese agriculture in 2000
Society《Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry》, water physics proterties, organic matter, nutrient content and the salinization index of matrix are determined, as a result it is listed in table 1
With table 2.
The test result explanation of table 1,3 kinds of raising rice seedlings specific complex nutrient matrixes prepared by the present invention are respectively provided with very well
Water conservation, supply water and ventilation capacity, unit weight is moderate, and salinity meets the requirements, and meets the water physics required by high-quality seedling medium
Proterties and salt index.
Table 2 shows, with commodity discrete phase ratio, 3 kinds of quick-acting nitrogen contents of compound nutritional matrix that the present invention is prepared are lower slightly, can
Prevent the prosperous length of rice shoot early stage；Rapid available phosphorus potassium content is higher, improves matrix phosphorus supply, vendor selection and resistance against diseases；PH is lower slightly, partially
In faintly acid, happiness acid characteristic, the preventing and treating rice shoot disease of rice shoot were both met, also eliminated the cumbersome procedure of matrix acid adjustment.
The salinity and water physics proterties of paddy rice specific complex nutrient matrix prepared by the present invention of table 1
The nutrient proterties of paddy rice specific complex nutrient matrix prepared by the present invention of table 2
It is seedling testing site with culturing room of Inst. of Soil Fertilizer, Anhui Prov. Agriculture Science Academy, paddy rice is made with commodity seedling-cultivation plate
Seedling indoor comparative test, is local main breed-emblem two excellent 6, Anhui rice 199 and Wandao 153 for examination paddy rice, is repeated 3 times.
Each experiment sets 3 treatment altogether：1. the vegetable soil of 2mm sieves is crossed；2. the raising rice seedlings commodity that matrix company in other provinces produces
Matrix (abbreviation commodity matrix)；Raising rice seedlings specific complex nutrient matrix 1 (referred to as No. 1 matrix) prepared by the present invention；This hair
The raising rice seedlings specific complex nutrient matrix 2 (referred to as No. 2 matrix) of bright preparation；Raising rice seedlings specific complex prepared by the present invention
Nutrient matrix 3 (referred to as No. 3 matrix).Seedling-cultivation plate specification 60cm long 10cm wide 3cm high, load the soil of same volume or educate
Seedling matrix, 2.5cm high pours permeable, stands 2h and excludes unnecessary moisture.Pass through according to same spacing sowing equal number afterwards
The selected rice paddy seed of vernalization, then the soil or matrix of 0.5cm thickness are covered, suitable quantity of water of spraying uses preservative film Moisture conservation.When
Rice paddy seed breaks ground when revealing point, opens film.Timing is observed, and is kept the skin wet, and controls temperature, increases artificial lighting.Regular count
Chitting piece quantity, calculates emergence rate；After planting 20 days, take representative 10 plants of rice shoots, measurement plant height, radical, root length, weight
The indexs such as amount, are as a result listed in table 3,4,5.
As can be seen from Table 3, the raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix for being prepared using the present invention, rice paddy seed is emerged soon, is emerged
Rate is high, No. 1, No. 2, No. 33 kinds of compound nutritional matrix, 3 kinds for examination rice paddy seeds, sowing 7 days after emergence rate up to more than 90%,
Relatively control vegetable soil is respectively increased 22.2~27.6,20.0~23.6 and 21.5~26.5 percentage points, compared with commodity matrix
It is higher by more than 20 percentage points；Emergence rate is further improved after sowing 10 days, 95% or so is basically reached, compared with vegetable soil and business
Product matrix is still high 10 to 15 percentage points.
The influence of the special seedling raising ground substance of paddy rice prepared by the present invention of table 3 to seeding ratio (%)
Table 4 result explanation, the present invention prepare 3 kinds of compound nutritional matrix, sowing paddy rice after main time rice shoot highly
Between commodity matrix and vegetable soil, higher than commodity matrix and less than vegetable soil, the increase trend of plant weights is then
Higher than control, show that the short strong, quality of rice shoot that compound nutritional matrix is cultivated is good.
The influence of the special seedling raising ground substance of paddy rice prepared by the present invention of table 4 to seedling quality
The data of table 5 are further illustrated, and during the compound nutritional matrix seedling prepared with the present invention, rice shoot root system is more, root system
More long, new root bar number is also more, and as commodity matrix, root of hair ability is stronger, the root of hair ability for possessing high-quality matrix.
The influence of the special seedling raising ground substance of paddy rice prepared by the present invention of table 5 to rice shoot root system
Claims (7)
1. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix, it is characterised in that be mixed by the component raw material of following volume ratio：Charcoal
Change rice husk 5-35, turf 8-20, vermiculite 4-18, strong seedling agent 1-3, attapulgite powder 3-6, above-mentioned raw materials be fully mixed evenly,
8-10 mm aperture sieves are being crossed, finished product matrix is being obtained.
2. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described strong seedling agent by
The appropriate mineral nutrient element of zeolite powder addition and growth regulator mixture are formed.
3. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described attapulgite powder
Particle diameter be 0.25 ~ 0.40 mm, described vermiculite particle diameter is 2 ~ 5 mm；Described turf is by commodity turf through spreading air dry out
Manage to water content 30 ~ 40%, after removing stone cleaning, after the sieve gained in 8-10 mm apertures.
4. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Charring rice husk is by pure rice husk
It is prepared under high temperature environment, it is also possible to buy marketed best buy charring rice husk, it is also possible in experiment
Room voluntarily prepares, and the described method for voluntarily preparing charring rice husk is as follows：
A loads in the cylindrical type steel or aluminium vessel of 2 ~ 3L of volume rice husk, and is pressed down against with mallet, as far as possible by rice husk
Compacting is compressed, lid is then tightened, keeps closed, prevent air from entering back into；
The container that b will install rice husk is put into the muffle furnace in laboratory, places steady, closes fire door；
C adjusts the Temperature controller button of muffle furnace, is set to 350 DEG C, switches on power, heat temperature raising；
D has vapor and a small amount of flue gas to discharge with the continuous rising of in-furnace temperature, and rice husk starts charing, notes observation, makes
In-furnace temperature is maintained in the range of 330 ~ 350 DEG C；
E keeps the temperature of setting, continues 3 ~ 5 hours, the rice husk in container is gradually completed charing；
F cuts off the electricity supply when vapor or flue gas without white in stove are discharged, and takes out container, allows its Temperature fall；
G twists the lid off when the temperature of container is down near room temperature, and what is poured out is the charring rice husk of high-quality.
5. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described zeolite is powdery
Clinoptilolite, particle diameter is 0.25 ~ 0.40 mm.
6. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix according to any one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described
Strong seedling agent is prepared by following method：Every 47 kilograms of zeolite powders addition ammonium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.8 kg, the kg of urea 0.5 ~ 1.0, ammonium phosphate
0.4 ~ 1.2 kg, the kg of potassium chloride 0.5 ~ 1.5, the g of white vitriol 10 ~ 30, the g of paclobutrazol 10 ~ 20.
7. a kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described strong seedling agent is under
Row method is prepared：
A, formula rate is weighed each component raw material, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and the potassium chloride that will be weighed up small-size powder respectively
Broken machine is crushed, and crosses 1 mm sieves standby；
B, by load weighted zinc sulfate and paclobutrazol add water respectively fully dissolving, be then sprayed on appropriate zeolite powder, fully stir
After mixing, airing is standby；
C, the urea by after crushing, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, are separately added into appropriate zeolite powder, fully mix and stir
It is even；
D, all materials obtained by step a, b, c and remaining zeolite powder are mixed, then mistake uniform being sufficiently mixed
2 mm are sieved, airing, packaging, obtain strong seedling agent.
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| CN111492932A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-08-07 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Rice seedling raising matrix taking iron tailings as raw materials and preparation method |
| CN114868620A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 江苏佳禾兴农业生物科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114885796A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-12 | 襄阳市襄州区鑫美农机械化种植专业合作社 | Automatic and rapid seedling raising and tray making method and assembly line thereof |
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