CN106856999A - A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high - Google Patents
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high Download PDFInfo
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- CN106856999A CN106856999A CN201710111508.2A CN201710111508A CN106856999A CN 106856999 A CN106856999 A CN 106856999A CN 201710111508 A CN201710111508 A CN 201710111508A CN 106856999 A CN106856999 A CN 106856999A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, specific steps are managed after including rootstock seedling cultivation, scion preparation, grafting, field planting and field planting, the rootstock seedling is cultivated includes that Walnut Seed is collected and sowed, and seed used by rootstock seedling selects J. sigillata or Chinese walnut veteran fruit；Scion prepares to include scion collection and seals with wax；Grafting includes preparation, grafting and wrapping before grafting, and grafting is started in 8 12d before the beginning of spring.Present invention reduces growing-seedling period, garden is gone out to grafting to stock from cultivating, only need one-year age；Manpower is saved, invention significantly improves survival rate, using lifting to grafting to outdoor field planting, influence of the bleeding to grafting wound healing is efficiently solved.With survival rate of the present invention up to more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grafting field planting technical field, specifically a kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high.
Background technology
Walnut, in the international market it be listed as the big nut in the world four together with almond, cashew nut, fibert.Its footprint is several
Various regions all over the world.Walnut is referred to as " strong man's food ", " nutritious nut ", " intelligent promoting fruit "；" ten thousand are enjoyed at home
Year son ", " Longevity ", the laudatory title of the treasured of people " support ".Because its Bioclimatic analysis is wider, strong stress resistance pest and disease damage waits good characteristic less,
It is the key link for accelerating improved variety of walnut development to solve walnut fine provenance and clonal reproduction technique.It is good to walnut in recent years
Planting graft technology has carried out more comprehensive research, for walnut characteristic and working condition, sums up suitable grafting period and transfers
Method is connect, graft survival rate and seedling quality is improve, grafting cost is reduced, for improved variety of walnut vegetative propagation provides skill
Art foundation.
Grafting is the walnut propagation method commonly used in production at present, but graft survival rate is unstable, easily affected by environment.Core
Peach graft survival rate, because walnut spring bleeding is vigorous；Contain more tannin, fractography liquid during grafting in walnut tissue liquid
Ingress of air, rapid oxidation blackening makes the reduction of section cytoactive, causes anvil fringe to heal slack-off；When temperature is less than 20 DEG C, core
Peach non-healing wounds.In addition to the influence of internal factor and outside environmental elements, its engrafting method is even more influence grafting survival in itself
The key factor of rate.The engrafting method of prior art, growing-seedling period is long, cost human cost is high, survival rate is low.
The content of the invention
The short survival rate of manpower, growing-seedling period Juglans grafting side high is saved it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Method, to solve the problems, such as to be proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, comprises the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects J. sigillata or Chinese walnut veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Go
Except the fruit for having disease, thering is worm hole, shape not to rectify；
B, sowing：Sowing is that with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed is wide
It is standby that 1.6-2m shifts to an earlier date whole good seedbed, is first ditched on seedbed during sowing, and organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are sprinkled in ditch, by Walnut Seed with
The spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm is neatly put into ditch, then earthing, and thickness of earth covering is 10-20cm；Juglans grow ground after 8-12d
Face, pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole, and the 3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, and makes sprout root morning
Day reaches grafting rugosity, sprays once many mattresses spirits to nursery stock every 10-15d, sprays 3-4 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：The branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, and dewatering is to put indoor 44-48h or under the sun
Shine 4-5h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that the paraffin of 75-85% converts upper 15-25% is placed in iron pan or metal basin, is carried out on fire
Dissolving, is sealed with wax during by wax temperature rise to 75-85 DEG C, and scion one end is pinched with hand, the other end is put in wax liquor and is quickly marked,
Same method dips in the other end again, two ends is all irrigated wax liquor, and two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 8-12d before the beginning of spring；
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 45-55cm high；Using
Shrub and hedge trimmer and grafting knife, are tied up and apply plastic strip used, are cut into scroll by knife, and segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 1-2 full buds to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, separately
1/3 angle is simultaneously whittled into, will be cut at stock root upward 12-16cm, all are vertically cut at cross section edge inside 2/3
Mouthful, incision length is 8-12cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock otch, makes the both sides forming layer pair of scion and stock
Together；
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up
Good seal；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, will graft
Nursery stock connect the distance of 20cm × 20cm × 40cm and be colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, field planting are completed
After irrigate root water；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month will bag
The plastic film strip of bundle is released, and the whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 2-3 times, and blade face is sprayed 3-4 cypermethrin, carbendazim and killed
Worm, sterilization, timely weeding.
As further scheme of the invention：Collect in the step (1) time of Walnut Seed annual late August extremely
Late October.
As further scheme of the invention：Plastic strip used is the thin of specification 0.008mm in the step (3)
Film.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. present invention reduces growing-seedling period, garden is gone out to grafting to stock from cultivating, only need one-year age, and its other party
Method needs at least two years；
2. present invention saves manpower, common engrafting method needed for two years can emerge, manpower needed for management nursery
It is that this Cultivating techniques uses more than a times of manpower；
3., invention significantly improves survival rate, using lifting to grafting to outdoor field planting, in the process, have
Effect solves influence of the bleeding to grafting wound healing.And common method is high due to stock water content, bleeding causes greatly grafting
Mouth ponding is serious, and the survival rate having a strong impact on.With survival rate of the present invention up to more than 90%, and confirmed into by testing for many years
Motility rate is relatively stablized.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme of this patent is described in more detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, comprises the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects J. sigillata veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Removal is ill
Fruit that is harmful, thering is worm hole, shape not to rectify；Seed time is collected in annual late August to late October, depending on fruit maturity
It is fixed, can be harvested when the natural breach of walnut Chinese olive more than 2/3 and reserved seed for planting；
B, sowing：Sowing is that with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed is wide
1.6m, it is long depending on nursery lot width；Seedbed requires that the soil is porous, and the content of organic matter is high, and good seedbed whole in advance is standby, during sowing
First ditched on seedbed, organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer sprinkled in ditch, Walnut Seed is neatly put into ditch with the spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm,
Then earthing, thickness of earth covering is 10cm；Juglans grow ground after 8d, and pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole,
3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, sprout root is reached grafting rugosity early, spray once many to nursery stock every 10d
Mattress spirit, sprays 3 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：Grafting scion must adopt branch stalwartness, and bud is full, and bud spacing is moderate, and branch is medium, medulla
Small, the branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, due to walnut branch moisture weight, is sealed with wax without dehydration, easily causes wine
Poor branch (i.e. branch anoxic is corrupt and the vinasse taste that gives out, so referred to as vinasse branch) and have a strong impact on and survive, dewatering is
Put indoor 44h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that 75% paraffin converts upper 15% is placed in iron pan, is dissolved on fire, by wax temperature rise to 75
DEG C when sealed with wax, pinch scion one end with hand, the other end is put in wax liquor and is quickly marked, same method dips in another again
End, makes two ends all irrigate wax liquor, and two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；Wax temperature will be always held at 75
DEG C, wax Wen Taigao easily scorches scion, and temperature is too low, seals with wax insecure, easy to fall off.
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 8d before the beginning of spring；Now walnut stock is close to sprouting, and scion is not germinateed temporarily, to be grafted good
Nursery stock just starts to sprout after field planting, just produces callus, and survival rate is to be remarkably improved.
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 45cm high；Width is regarded
Depending on grafting personnel and stacking scion are how many.Outfit：Using shrub and hedge trimmer and grafting knife, tie up and apply plastic strip used, it is used
Plastic strip for specification 0.008mm film, be cut into scroll by knife, segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 1 full bud to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, it is another
Face is whittled into 1/3 angle, will be cut at stock root upward 12cm, and cross section requires flat smooth, inside in cross section edge
A kerf is vertically cut at 2/3, incision length is more slightly shorter than scion bevel length, is 8cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock and cuts
Mouthful, scion and the both sides forming layer of stock is alignd；The scion with the same thickness of stock clip is selected in grafting as far as possible, is done as far as possible
Match somebody with somebody thick stock, the thin scion of thin stock to thick scion.
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up
Good seal；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, will graft
Nursery stock connect the distance of 20cm × 20cm × 40cm and be colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, field planting are completed
After irrigate root water, poured according to soil moisture content later；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month will bag
The plastic film strip of bundle is released, and prevents from hindering trunk.The whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 2 times, and 3 cypermethrins, many bacterium are sprayed in blade face
Spirit carries out desinsection, sterilization, timely weeding.
Embodiment 2
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, comprises the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects Chinese walnut veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Removal is ill
Fruit that is harmful, thering is worm hole, shape not to rectify；Seed time is collected in annual late August to late October, depending on fruit maturity
It is fixed, can be harvested when the natural breach of walnut Chinese olive more than 2/3 and reserved seed for planting；
B, sowing：Sowing is that with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed is wide
1.7m, it is long depending on nursery lot width；Seedbed requires that the soil is porous, and the content of organic matter is high, and good seedbed whole in advance is standby, during sowing
First ditched on seedbed, organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer sprinkled in ditch, Walnut Seed is neatly put into ditch with the spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm,
Then earthing, thickness of earth covering is 12cm；Juglans grow ground after 9d, and pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole,
3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, sprout root is reached grafting rugosity early, spray once many to nursery stock every 11d
Mattress spirit, sprays 3 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：Grafting scion must adopt branch stalwartness, and bud is full, and bud spacing is moderate, and branch is medium, medulla
Small, the branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, due to walnut branch moisture weight, is sealed with wax without dehydration, easily causes wine
Poor branch (i.e. branch anoxic is corrupt and the vinasse taste that gives out, so referred to as vinasse branch) and have a strong impact on and survive, dewatering is
It is placed under the sun and shines 4.2h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that 78% paraffin converts upper 8% is placed in metal basin, is dissolved on fire, by wax temperature rise
Sealed with wax during to 78 DEG C, scion one end is pinched with hand, the other end put in wax liquor and is quickly marked, same method is dipped in separately again
One end, makes two ends all irrigate wax liquor, and two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；Wax temperature will be always held at
78 DEG C, wax Wen Taigao easily scorches scion, and temperature is too low, seals with wax insecure, easy to fall off.
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 9d before the beginning of spring；Now walnut stock is close to sprouting, and scion is not germinateed temporarily, to be grafted good
Nursery stock just starts to sprout after field planting, just produces callus, and survival rate is to be remarkably improved.
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 48cm high；Width is regarded
Depending on grafting personnel and stacking scion are how many.Outfit：Using shrub and hedge trimmer and grafting knife, tie up and apply plastic strip used, it is used
Plastic strip for specification 0.008mm film, be cut into scroll by knife, segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 1 full bud to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, it is another
Face is whittled into 1/3 angle, will be cut at stock root upward 13cm, and cross section requires flat smooth, inside in cross section edge
A kerf is vertically cut at 2/3, incision length is more slightly shorter than scion bevel length, is 9cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock and cuts
Mouthful, scion and the both sides forming layer of stock is alignd；The scion with the same thickness of stock clip is selected in grafting as far as possible, is done as far as possible
Match somebody with somebody thick stock, the thin scion of thin stock to thick scion.
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up
Good seal；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, will graft
Nursery stock connect the distance of 20cm × 20cm × 40cm and be colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, field planting are completed
After irrigate root water, poured according to soil moisture content later；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month will bag
The plastic film strip of bundle is released, and prevents from hindering trunk.The whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 2 times, and 3 cypermethrins, many bacterium are sprayed in blade face
Spirit carries out desinsection, sterilization, timely weeding.
Embodiment 3
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, comprises the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects J. sigillata veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Removal is ill
Fruit that is harmful, thering is worm hole, shape not to rectify；Seed time is collected in annual late August to late October, depending on fruit maturity
It is fixed, can be harvested when the natural breach of walnut Chinese olive more than 2/3 and reserved seed for planting；
B, sowing：Sowing is that with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed is wide
1.8m, it is long depending on nursery lot width；Seedbed requires that the soil is porous, and the content of organic matter is high, and good seedbed whole in advance is standby, during sowing
First ditched on seedbed, organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer sprinkled in ditch, Walnut Seed is neatly put into ditch with the spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm,
Then earthing, thickness of earth covering is 15cm；Juglans grow ground after 10d, and pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole,
3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, sprout root is reached grafting rugosity early, spray once many to nursery stock every 12d
Mattress spirit, sprays 3 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：Grafting scion must adopt branch stalwartness, and bud is full, and bud spacing is moderate, and branch is medium, medulla
Small, the branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, due to walnut branch moisture weight, is sealed with wax without dehydration, easily causes wine
Poor branch (i.e. branch anoxic is corrupt and the vinasse taste that gives out, so referred to as vinasse branch) and have a strong impact on and survive, dewatering is
Put indoor 48h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that 80% paraffin converts upper 20% is placed in iron pan, is dissolved on fire, by wax temperature rise extremely
Sealed with wax at 80 DEG C, scion one end is pinched with hand, the other end put in wax liquor and is quickly marked, same method is dipped in another again
End, makes two ends all irrigate wax liquor, and two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；Wax temperature will be always held at 80
DEG C or so, wax Wen Taigao easily scorches scion, and temperature is too low, seals with wax insecure, easy to fall off.
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 10d before the beginning of spring；Now walnut stock is close to sprouting, and scion is not germinateed temporarily, to be grafted good
Nursery stock just starts to sprout after field planting, just produces callus, and survival rate is to be remarkably improved.
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 50cm high；Width is regarded
Depending on grafting personnel and stacking scion are how many.Outfit：Using shrub and hedge trimmer and grafting knife, tie up and apply plastic strip used, it is used
Plastic strip for specification 0.008mm film, be cut into scroll by knife, segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 2 full buds to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, it is another
Face is whittled into 1/3 angle, will be cut at stock root upward 15cm, and cross section requires flat smooth, inside in cross section edge
A kerf is vertically cut at 2/3, incision length is more slightly shorter than scion bevel length, is 10cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock
Otch, makes scion and the both sides forming layer of stock align；The scion with the same thickness of stock clip is selected in grafting as far as possible, as far as possible
Accomplish thick scion with thick stock, the thin scion of thin stock.
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up
Good seal；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, will graft
Nursery stock connect the distance of 20cm × 20cm × 40cm and be colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, field planting are completed
After irrigate root water, poured according to soil moisture content later；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month will bag
The plastic film strip of bundle is released, and prevents from hindering trunk.The whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 2-3 times, 3-4 cypermethrin of blade face spray,
Carbendazim carries out desinsection, sterilization, timely weeding.
Embodiment 4
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, comprises the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects Chinese walnut veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Removal is ill
Fruit that is harmful, thering is worm hole, shape not to rectify；Seed time is collected in annual late August to late October, depending on fruit maturity
It is fixed, can be harvested when the natural breach of walnut Chinese olive more than 2/3 and reserved seed for planting；
B, sowing：Sowing is that with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed is wide
1.9m, it is long depending on nursery lot width；Seedbed requires that the soil is porous, and the content of organic matter is high, and good seedbed whole in advance is standby, during sowing
First ditched on seedbed, organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer sprinkled in ditch, Walnut Seed is neatly put into ditch with the spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm,
Then earthing, thickness of earth covering is 18cm；Juglans grow ground after 11d, and pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole,
3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, sprout root is reached grafting rugosity early, spray once many to nursery stock every 14d
Mattress spirit, sprays 4 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：Grafting scion must adopt branch stalwartness, and bud is full, and bud spacing is moderate, and branch is medium, medulla
Small, the branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, due to walnut branch moisture weight, is sealed with wax without dehydration, easily causes wine
Poor branch (i.e. branch anoxic is corrupt and the vinasse taste that gives out, so referred to as vinasse branch) and have a strong impact on and survive, dewatering is
It is placed under the sun and shines 4.8h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that 82% paraffin converts upper 22% is placed in metal basin, is dissolved on fire, by wax temperature rise
Sealed with wax during to 82 DEG C, scion one end is pinched with hand, the other end put in wax liquor and is quickly marked, same method is dipped in separately again
One end, makes two ends all irrigate wax liquor, and two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；Wax temperature will be always held at
82 DEG C, wax Wen Taigao easily scorches scion, and temperature is too low, seals with wax insecure, easy to fall off.
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 11d before the beginning of spring；Now walnut stock is close to sprouting, and scion is not germinateed temporarily, to be grafted good
Nursery stock just starts to sprout after field planting, just produces callus, and survival rate is to be remarkably improved.
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 52cm high；Width is regarded
Depending on grafting personnel and stacking scion are how many.Outfit：Using shrub and hedge trimmer and grafting knife, tie up and apply plastic strip used, it is used
Plastic strip for specification 0.008mm film, be cut into scroll by knife, segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 2 full buds to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, it is another
Face is whittled into 1/3 angle, will be cut at stock root upward 15cm, and cross section requires flat smooth, inside in cross section edge
A kerf is vertically cut at 2/3, incision length is more slightly shorter than scion bevel length, is 11cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock
Otch, makes scion and the both sides forming layer of stock align；The scion with the same thickness of stock clip is selected in grafting as far as possible, as far as possible
Accomplish thick scion with thick stock, the thin scion of thin stock.
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up
Good seal；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, will graft
Nursery stock connect the distance of 20cm × 20cm × 40cm and be colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, field planting are completed
After irrigate root water, poured according to soil moisture content later；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month will bag
The plastic film strip of bundle is released, and prevents from hindering trunk.The whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 3 times, and 4 cypermethrins, many bacterium are sprayed in blade face
Spirit carries out desinsection, sterilization, timely weeding.
Embodiment 5
A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, comprises the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects J. sigillata veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Removal is ill
Fruit that is harmful, thering is worm hole, shape not to rectify；Seed time is collected in annual late August to late October, depending on fruit maturity
It is fixed, can be harvested when the natural breach of walnut Chinese olive more than 2/3 and reserved seed for planting；
B, sowing：Sowing is that with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed is wide
2m, it is long depending on nursery lot width；Seedbed requires that the soil is porous, and the content of organic matter is high, and good seedbed whole in advance is standby, elder generation during sowing
Ditched on seedbed, organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are sprinkled in ditch, Walnut Seed is neatly put into ditch with the spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm, so
Earthing afterwards, thickness of earth covering is 20cm；Juglans grow ground after 12d, and pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole, will
3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, and sprout root is reached grafting rugosity early, and once many mattresses are sprayed to nursery stock every 15d
Spirit, sprays 4 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：Grafting scion must adopt branch stalwartness, and bud is full, and bud spacing is moderate, and branch is medium, medulla
Small, the branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, due to walnut branch moisture weight, is sealed with wax without dehydration, easily causes wine
Poor branch (i.e. branch anoxic is corrupt and the vinasse taste that gives out, so referred to as vinasse branch) and have a strong impact on and survive, dewatering is
Put indoor 48h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that 85% paraffin converts upper 25% is placed in iron pan, is dissolved on fire, by wax temperature rise extremely
Sealed with wax at 85 DEG C, scion one end is pinched with hand, the other end put in wax liquor and is quickly marked, same method is dipped in another again
End, makes two ends all irrigate wax liquor, and two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；Wax temperature will be always held at 85
DEG C, wax Wen Taigao easily scorches scion, and temperature is too low, seals with wax insecure, easy to fall off.
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 12d before the beginning of spring；Now walnut stock is close to sprouting, and scion is not germinateed temporarily, to be grafted good
Nursery stock just starts to sprout after field planting, just produces callus, and survival rate is to be remarkably improved.
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 55cm high；Width is regarded
Depending on grafting personnel and stacking scion are how many.Outfit：Using shrub and hedge trimmer and grafting knife, tie up and apply plastic strip used, it is used
Plastic strip for specification 0.008mm film, be cut into scroll by knife, segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 2 full buds to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, it is another
Face is whittled into 1/3 angle, will be cut at stock root upward 16cm, and cross section requires flat smooth, inside in cross section edge
A kerf is vertically cut at 2/3, incision length is more slightly shorter than scion bevel length, is 12cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock
Otch, makes scion and the both sides forming layer of stock align；The scion with the same thickness of stock clip is selected in grafting as far as possible, as far as possible
Accomplish thick scion with thick stock, the thin scion of thin stock.
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up
Good seal；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, will graft
Nursery stock connect the distance of 20cm × 20cm × 40cm and be colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, field planting are completed
After irrigate root water, poured according to soil moisture content later；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month will bag
The plastic film strip of bundle is released, and prevents from hindering trunk.The whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 3 times, and 4 cypermethrins, many bacterium are sprayed in blade face
Spirit carries out desinsection, sterilization, timely weeding.
Present invention reduces growing-seedling period, garden is gone out to grafting to stock from cultivating, only need one-year age, and other method
Need at least two years；Present invention saves manpower, common engrafting method needed for two years can emerge, and managed nursery institute
It is that this Cultivating techniques uses more than a times of manpower to need manpower；Invention significantly improves survival rate, using lifting to grafting
To outdoor field planting, in the process, influence of the bleeding to grafting wound healing is efficiently solved.And common method is due to anvil
Wooden water content is high, and bleeding causes that greatly graft union ponding is serious, and the survival rate having a strong impact on.With survival rate of the present invention up to 90%
More than, and confirm that survival rate is relatively stablized by testing for many years.
The better embodiment to this patent is explained in detail above, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses, can also be on the premise of this patent objective not be departed from
Various changes can be made.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated：
A, Walnut Seed are collected：Seed used by rootstock seedling selects J. sigillata or Chinese walnut veteran fruit, completely filled fruit；Removal has
Disease, there is the fruit that worm hole, shape do not rectify；
B, sowing：Sowing is with adopting with broadcasting, the Walnut Seed point of fresh peeling is sowed on the seedbed put in order, seedbed 1.6- wide
It is standby that 2m shifts to an earlier date whole good seedbed, is first ditched on seedbed when F is sowed, and organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are sprinkled in ditch, by Walnut Seed with
The spacing in the rows of 10cm × 10cm is neatly put into ditch, then earthing, and thickness of earth covering is 10-20cm；Juglans grow ground after 8-12d
Face, pinching is carried out after sub- sprout grows the 3rd petiole, and the 3rd petiole above tender shoots is all extractd, and makes sprout root morning
Day reaches grafting rugosity, sprays once many mattresses spirits to nursery stock every 10-15d, sprays 3-4 times altogether；
(2) scion prepares：
A, scion collection：The branch that will be adopted carries out dewater treatment, and dewatering is to put indoor 44-48h or shine 4- under the sun
5h；
B, seal with wax：The beeswax that the paraffin of 75-85% converts upper 15-25% is placed in iron pan or metal basin, is dissolved on fire,
Sealed with wax during by wax temperature rise to 75-85 DEG C, scion one end is pinched with hand, the other end put in wax liquor and is quickly marked, equally
Method dip in the other end again, two ends is all irrigated wax liquor, two ends junction overlaps, it is to avoid dips in Lou and causes branch to drain；
(3) grafting：
A, time：Start grafting in 8-12d before the beginning of spring；
Prepare before B, grafting：Operating desk is set up indoors, and operating desk plank place mat is formed, table top 45-55cm high；Using pruning
Cut and grafting knife, tie up and apply plastic strip used, be cut into scroll by knife, segment is cut into during wrapping；
C, grafting：Select 1-2 full bud to cut short scion, branch one side is cut to branch cross section 2/3 into angle, another side
1/3 angle is whittled into, will be cut at stock root upward 12-16cm, a kerf is vertically cut at cross section edge inside 2/3,
Incision length is 8-12cm；The scion that will be cut is inserted perpendicularly into stock otch, scion and the both sides forming layer of stock is alignd；
D, wrapping：The branch that will be grafted with the film tape for cutting carries out wrapping and tightens, then shoot apex clip is wrapped up into sealing
It is good；
(4) it is colonized：
The nursery stock that will be grafted transports to nursery lot and is colonized successively, and seedbed needed for field planting is identical with nursery, the seedling that will be grafted
The distance that wood meets 20cm × 20cm × 40cm is colonized on seedbed, organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer in field planting ditch, is poured after the completion of field planting
Saturating root water；
(5) managed after being colonized：
Immediately the tender shoots sprouted on stock is extractd, makes nutrition concentrated supply scion, seedling to be grafted survives latter two month by wrapping
Plastic film strip is released, and the whole growth stage imposes composite fertilizer 2-3 time, 3-4 cypermethrin of blade face spray, carbendazim carry out desinsection,
Sterilization, timely weeding.
2. survival rate according to claim 1 Juglans engrafting method high, it is characterised in that received in the step (1)
Collect the time of Walnut Seed in annual late August to late October.
3. survival rate according to claim 1 Juglans engrafting method high, it is characterised in that institute in the step (3)
Plastic strip is the film of specification 0.008mm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107493991A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-22 | 苍溪县龙山园林生态绿化有限责任公司 | A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107711122A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-23 | 昭通市昭阳区庆丰果树有限公司 | A kind of skin-grafting bud of walnut connects engrafting method |
| CN109924059A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-25 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of annual walnut rhizome engrafting method |
| CN110149930A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-23 | 蒋生平 | A kind of improved seedling grafting method |
| CN110800546A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-18 | 甘肃古道昕丰农业科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating walnuts |
| CN115005003A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 永平县果亮农副产品有限责任公司 | Walnut seedling growing and planting method with high survival rate |
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| CN104871834A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-09-02 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Walnut touch skin grafting method |
| CN105684739A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2016-06-22 | 杭州浙林天则山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Cultivating method for grafting carya cathayensis with carya hunanensis as rootstock |
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| CN103039274A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-17 | 朱英 | Walnut seedling grafting method |
| CN104322295A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-04 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | Method for quickly breeding seedlings of Tibet walnut by grafting tender shoots |
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107493991A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-22 | 苍溪县龙山园林生态绿化有限责任公司 | A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107711122A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-23 | 昭通市昭阳区庆丰果树有限公司 | A kind of skin-grafting bud of walnut connects engrafting method |
| CN110149930A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-23 | 蒋生平 | A kind of improved seedling grafting method |
| CN109924059A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-25 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of annual walnut rhizome engrafting method |
| CN110800546A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-18 | 甘肃古道昕丰农业科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating walnuts |
| CN115005003A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 永平县果亮农副产品有限责任公司 | Walnut seedling growing and planting method with high survival rate |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |