CN106843364A - The method and apparatus of the Power Control of electric ohm load for being run with alternating voltage - Google Patents

The method and apparatus of the Power Control of electric ohm load for being run with alternating voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106843364A
CN106843364A CN201610163716.2A CN201610163716A CN106843364A CN 106843364 A CN106843364 A CN 106843364A CN 201610163716 A CN201610163716 A CN 201610163716A CN 106843364 A CN106843364 A CN 106843364A
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China
Prior art keywords
transistor
control
control device
equipment
edge
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CN201610163716.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
托马斯·克林比尔
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Bionik Innovative Technik GmbH
Ergobionik GmbH
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Bionik Innovative Technik GmbH
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Publication of CN106843364A publication Critical patent/CN106843364A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66Regulating electric power

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Poewr control method of the ohm load run with alternating voltage.For continuously variable power control,Transistor is operated according to instruction parameter with so that the steepness connected edge and disconnect edge is limited respectively by control device,Wherein operated for the purpose of phase forward position control when transistor and ahead of the curve angle and transistor is connected by the resistance of middle connection,Wherein by being arranged on the capacitor between the output end of transistor and the control terminal of transistor come the connection edge of limit transistor,And control device is again off electric current by the corresponding control of transistor in follow-up zero crossing,Or in order to operate transistor after phase along the purpose of control and in Hou Yanjiao disconnect transistor by the resistance of middle connection,Wherein by being arranged on the capacitor between the output end of transistor and the control terminal of transistor come the disconnection edge of limit transistor,And control device is again switched on electric current by the corresponding control of transistor in follow-up zero crossing.

Description

The method and apparatus of the Power Control of electric ohm load for being run with alternating voltage
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the Power Control of electric ohm load for being run with alternating voltage.
Background technology
In practice, for example it is so structured that the load of electric heater unit or electrothermal air air blower is known 's.Here, this hot air blowers may be configured to hand-held heat gun, the hand-held heat gun leads to Can often be operated with one or two power stage.If it is desired to more accurately power adjusting, then the nothing of power Level regulation or approximate step-less adjustment are required.
However, with many small step-lengths between different each power stages thermal power is carried out this step-less adjustment or Can there is problems with during approximate step-less adjustment:The current method for Power Control can be supported on it at this Interfered in the power network of middle operation, thus may damage other devices and/or biology.
Thus, for example excluding the whole wavelength and thus for periodically switching on and off supply voltage wherein The vibration conversion and control of available thermal power is determined by the ratio of turn-on time and turn-off time.In order that gas Stream has nearly constant temperature, it is necessary at least switching frequency high of 10 Hz.
If institute can be produced with this frequency error factor high power as common in the electric heater unit The flickering interference of meaning.These flickerings interference meeting is connected to identical circuit and makes one exposed to phase in working flare Health in the case of should illuminating to these people plays negative effect.
In addition, the control of common phase forward position is also inappropriate, phase forward position control section ground connect and The half-wave of deenergization voltage.Generally, set in the case and be configured to TRIAC Or the switch element of IGCT, the switch element is ignited and is then either completely switched in several milliseconds.By This produces precipitous electric current edge, the precipitous electric current edge on the unfavorable time of ignition of power phase simultaneously And the observable higher hamonic wave as radio interference is produced in the case of corresponding thermal power.
This unfavorable precipitous connection in common phase forward position control, should along generally being eliminated with inductance Inductance connected with pay(useful) load or alternatively as in motor can be pay(useful) load part.So And, in the hot air blowers in the case of common watt level, this inductance is very big and in addition in warp It is also nonsensical in Ji.
The content of the invention
Task of the invention is, it is to avoid disadvantages mentioned above and provide a kind of Europe for being run with alternating voltage The method of the Power Control of nurse load is simple but also cost-effective for power using this method give not only The possibility of step-less adjustment or approximate step-less adjustment.
In the process, the task is solved in the following manner:By control device according to instruction parameter To operate transistor, so as to must respectively limit the steepness for connecting edge and disconnect the steepness on edge, wherein
For the purpose of phase forward position control operate the transistor, and ahead of the curve angle when pass through Between the resistance that connects connect the transistor, wherein by being arranged on the output end of transistor and the control of transistor Capacitor between terminal processed comes the connection edge of limit transistor, and wherein control device by transistor Corresponding control is again off electric current in follow-up zero crossing,
Or wherein, in order to operate the transistor along the purpose of control after phase, and on rear edge The transistor is disconnected by the resistance of middle connection during angle, wherein by be arranged on the output end of transistor with Capacitor between the control terminal of transistor comes the disconnection edge of limit transistor, and wherein control device leads to The corresponding control for crossing transistor is again switched on electric current in follow-up zero crossing.
The steepness for connecting edge and disconnection edge of capacitor limit transistor together with resistance, so as to avoid or extremely Unfavorable higher hamonic wave is reduced less.
Preferably, there is the ambipolar crystalline substance of insulated gate electrode (IGBT) by bipolar transistor, preferably Body pipe, or field-effect transistor, preferred mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) As transistor.
According to the present invention it is possible to change instruction parameter in user side, preferably stepless or approximate infinitely change refers to Make parameter.Therefore, for example using potentiometer, but other users side manipulation modification is also possible.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, control device can in the following way facilitate the disconnected of electric current Open:Control device causes the low ohm of the input capacitance of transistor and thus quickly electric discharge.
Here, control device can be caused by the corresponding control of another transistor of additional setting it is described The electric discharge of the input capacitance of transistor, the drain electrode of another transistor of the additional setting or colelctor electrode with it is described The control terminal connection and the source terminal of its source electrode or emitter stage with the transistor or transmitting of transistor Extreme son connection.
According to the present invention it is possible to by bipolar transistor, with the bipolar of insulated gate electrode (IGBT) Transistor npn npn or field-effect transistor, preferably mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) it is used as another transistor.
It can be advantageous at least one electrical heating elements are used as into ohm load, or multiple electricity can be added Thermal element is used as ohm load, wherein running an electrical heating elements first and can pass through phase in user side The switch answeredTo connect at least another electrical heating elements again.
Thus, it is possible to the power of electric heater unit or electrothermal air air blower is controlled, wherein it is preferred that can nothing Level ground controls power with many small step-lengths.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of setting for the Power Control of ohm load run with alternating voltage It is standby.In order to avoid the shortcoming of the beginning part description, give a kind of ohm for being run with alternating voltage and bear The equipment of the Power Control of load, can be realized simple and cost-effective for the stepless of power using the equipment Regulation or the possibility of approximate step-less adjustment.
Another task is solved in the following way:The equipment has rectifier, transistor and control Device, wherein control device are connected by the resistance of middle connection with the control terminal of transistor, wherein controlling Device is configured to operate transistor to connect along or disconnect the restricted steepness on edge according to instruction parameter, Capacitor, and control device quilt are wherein set between the output end of transistor and the control terminal of transistor It is configured to:
Phase forward position control during according to instruction parameter pass through angle ahead of the curve when connect and The mode disconnected in follow-up zero crossing operates transistor,
Or disconnected when angle ahead of the curve is passed through according to instruction parameter during edge control after phase And the mode connected in follow-up zero crossing operates transistor.
Here, the equipment may be particularly used to perform the method according to the invention.
According to the present invention it is possible to by transistor configurations be bipolar transistor, with insulated gate electrode (IGBT) bipolar transistor, or field-effect transistor, preferred metal oxide semiconductcor field effect Answer transistor (MOSFET).
Preferably, instruction parameter can be changed in user side, preferably infinitely or approximately infinitely changes instruction Parameter.
Preferably, control device can in the following way facilitate the disconnection of electric current:Control device causes electricity The low ohm and thus quickly electric discharge held.
According to the present invention it is possible to be additionally provided in another transistor and control device can be configured to lead to The corresponding control for crossing another transistor of additional setting makes the electric capacity discharge.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, can be bipolar transistor by another transistor configurations Pipe, the bipolar transistor with insulated gate electrode (IGBT), or field-effect transistor, preferably Mos field effect transistor (MOSFET).
Preferably, ohm load can be formed by least one electrical heating elements, or ohm load can To be formed by multiple electrical heating elements, be provided with for first only run a heating element heater and User side connects the connection possibility of at least another electrical heating elements again.
Preferably, the equipment can be roused for corresponding Power Control with electric heater unit or electrothermal air Blower fan is connected or is integrated in electric heater unit or electrothermal air air blower.
According to the present invention, the equipment may be constructed such that and stepless can control or with the work(of many small step size controllings Rate control device.Here, instruction parameter can regularly or convertibly pre-set.
Brief description of the drawings
Hereinafter the present invention is explained in the embodiment shown in the figures.Accompanying drawing shows:
Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of equipment of the invention,
Fig. 2 shows the second embodiment of equipment of the invention,
Fig. 3 shows that curent change when being run in the control process of phase forward position according to the equipment of Fig. 1 is bent Line,
Fig. 4 shows that the curent change according to the equipment of Fig. 1 when being run along control process after phase is bent Line,
Fig. 5 shows the 3rd embodiment of equipment of the invention, and
Fig. 6 shows the fourth embodiment of equipment of the invention.
Consistent reference is used for same or analogous component in all of the figs.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the equipment 13 for the Power Control of ohm load 7, and the ohm load 7 is to apply The alternating voltage on power supply voltage terminal 1 and 2 is added in run.
Equipment 13 has rectifier, and the rectifier is in an illustrated embodiment by correspondingly connected diode 3rd, 4,5 and 6 formed.
Additionally, equipment 13 also includes transistor 8 and control device 11, wherein control device 11 passes through The resistance 10 of centre connection is connected with the control terminal 14 of transistor 8, and in the output end of transistor 8 Capacitor 9 is provided between 15 and the control terminal 14 of transistor 8.
Here, control device 11 is configured to according to instruction parameter to connect along or disconnect the restricted of edge Steepness operates transistor 8.Thus, control device 11 is configurable in the control of phase forward position (referring to figure 3) disconnected according to connection when instructing parameter by angle ahead of the curve during and in follow-up zero crossing Mode operates transistor 8, or after the phase along control (referring to Fig. 4) during according to instruction parameter Disconnected when angle ahead of the curve and operate transistor 8 by way of being connected in follow-up zero crossing.
Transistor 8 is switched on or moment for disconnecting is determined by control device 11, and control device 11 has terminal L and G and output terminals A.Here, terminal L is connected with power supply voltage terminal 2, and terminal G is logical Cross diode 3 to be connected with power supply voltage terminal 1, to cause by terminal L and G come to control device 11 Power supply.Control device 11 by output terminals A centre access have resistance 10 in the case of with transistor 8 Control terminal 14 connect and be thus connected transistor 8.
Capacitor 9 thus together with resistance 10 limit transistor 8 connect along or disconnect edge steepness, should Transistor 8 is configured to mos field effect transistor in an illustrated embodiment (MOSFET)。
Embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is with the difference of the embodiment according to Fig. 1, control device 11 With another output end B and it is also provided with another transistor 12.Another transistor 12 is herein It is configured to bipolar transistor.
Because the disconnection of transistor 8 is that occur in the zero crossing of electric current, thus edge is disconnected without limitation Steepness, and can be replace by (the additional setting compared with the embodiment according to Fig. 1) another Transistor 12 facilitates the disconnection of transistor 8.Here, disconnection can be facilitated in the following way:Control Device 11 causes the electric discharge of the input capacitance of transistor 8.This is as in the case of the embodiment according to fig. 2 with such as lower section Formula is carried out:Control device 11 be configured to by the corresponding control of another transistor 12 of additional setting come Input capacitance to transistor 8 is discharged.
In this case, the output terminals A of control device 11 is maintained on action potential, only defeated to cause Going out to hold B must produce control pulse.
Fig. 3 shows the power supply electricity when being run according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 during phase forward position controls Press the change curve of U and source current I.It is switched in moment t0 transistor 8.By the He of capacitor 9 Resistance 10 makes electric current slowly rise, and the electric current just increases completely until moment t1.Thus, slow down electric current Connection edge the rate of climb, until electric current follows the change of supply voltage in moment t1.
In the zero crossing of electric current, transistor 8 is then disconnected, and until moment t2 is just connect again It is logical.Then, the slow rate of climb of electric current, and electricity are caused again by capacitor 9 and resistance 10 Stream is until moment t3 just increases completely and follows the change of supply voltage.
The arrangement of Fig. 1 can also be run during edge control after phase, and this produces the electricity shown in Fig. 4 Rheology is buckled line.
If the embodiment according to Fig. 2 should be correspondingly improved, transistor 8 must be facilitated in zero crossing Connection.Therefore, output terminals A of the resistance 10 not with control device 11 is connected, but it is necessary to replace It is connected with the terminal G of control device 11.Additionally, another transistor 12 must be with control device 11 Terminal G is separated and is connected with the terminal A of control device 11.In addition, regarding implementation method changes transistor 12 polarity, PNP or p channel transistor are used to cause substitution NPN or N-channel transistor.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is with the difference of the embodiment according to Fig. 1, control device 11 With another output end B, output end B be connected between capacitor 9 and resistance 10 and thus across Connecting resistance 10.By the corresponding control of output end B, the defeated of transistor 8 can also be caused with this modification The electric discharge for entering electric capacity and the disconnection for thus facilitating transistor 8.
Fig. 6 shows that according to another embodiment of the invention it is configured to the electric heating with motor 20 Air-blaster.The circuit is not constructed in detail, and it is not inquired into further herein.
In this embodiment, ohm load 7 is formed by two electrical heating elements 16,17.Further it is provided that A heating element heater 16 is only run first and in user side connects the possibility of the second heating element heater 17 again Property.
Instruction parameter can be changed in user side by corresponding controlling organization 19, the controlling organization 19 Potentiometer is configured in an illustrated embodiment, thus provides continuously variable power control.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of method of Power Control of ohm load (7) for being run with alternating voltage, its feature It is that transistor (8) is operated according to instruction parameter by control device (11), to cause to connect edge It is limited respectively with the steepness for disconnecting edge, wherein
Operate the transistor (8) for the purpose of phase forward position control, and ahead of the curve angle when pass through The resistance (10) of centre connection connects the transistor (8), wherein by being arranged on the transistor (8) capacitor (9) between output end and the control terminal of the transistor (8) is described to limit The connection edge of transistor (8), and wherein described control device (11) also passes through the transistor (8) Corresponding control be again off electric current in follow-up zero crossing, or wherein
In order to operate the transistor (8) along the purpose of control after phase, and pass through in Hou Yanjiao The resistance (10) of centre connection disconnects the transistor (8), wherein by being arranged on the transistor (8) capacitor (9) between output end and the control terminal of the transistor (8) limits crystal The disconnection edge of pipe, and wherein described control device (11) is also by the corresponding control of the transistor (8) System is again switched on electric current in follow-up zero crossing.
2. the method as described in previous claim, it is characterised in that by bipolar transistor, with insulation The bipolar transistor of gate electrode (IGBT), or field-effect transistor, preferred metal oxide half Conductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is used as transistor (8).
3. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that the instruction parameter can Change in user side, it is preferably stepless or approximately infinitely change.
4. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that the control device (11) Facilitate the disconnection of electric current in the following way:The control device (11) causes the transistor (8) The low ohm and thus quickly electric discharge of input capacitance.
5. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that the control device (11) The defeated of the transistor (8) is caused by the corresponding control of another transistor (12) of additional setting Enter the electric discharge of electric capacity.
6. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that by bipolar transistor, It is preferred that having the bipolar transistor or field-effect transistor, preferably of insulated gate electrode (IGBT) Mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) is used as described another transistor (12).
7. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that by least one electrical heating Element (16,17) is as ohm load (7).
8. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that by multiple electrical heating elements (16,17) are as ohm load (7), wherein running an electrical heating elements (16) and energy first It is enough that at least another electrical heating elements (17) are connected by corresponding switch (18) again in user side.
9. method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that with least one electrical heating elements (16, 17) power of electric heater unit or electrothermal air air blower (19) is controlled.
10. such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that infinitely or with Many small step-lengths control power.
A kind of equipment of 11. Power Controls of ohm load (7) for being run with alternating voltage, its It is characterised by, the equipment has rectifier, transistor (8) and control device (11), wherein institute Control device (11) is stated by the resistance (10) of middle connection and the control terminal of the transistor (8) Connection, wherein the control device (11) is configured to according to instruction parameter to connect the restricted steep of edge Spend and disconnect the restricted steepness on edge to operate the transistor (8), wherein in the transistor (8) Output end and the control terminal of the transistor (8) between capacitor (9), and the control are set Device (11) is configured to:
Phase forward position control during according to instruction parameter pass through angle ahead of the curve when connect and The mode disconnected in follow-up zero crossing operates the transistor (8),
Or disconnected when angle ahead of the curve is passed through according to instruction parameter during edge control after phase And the mode connected in follow-up zero crossing operates the transistor (8),
And the equipment is especially constructed to for performing method according to any one of the preceding claims.
12. equipment as described in previous claim, it is characterised in that the transistor (8) is by structure It is bipolar transistor, the bipolar transistor with insulated gate electrode (IGBT) to make, or field effect Answer transistor, preferably mos field effect transistor (MOSFET).
13. equipment as described in claim 11 or 12, it is characterised in that the instruction parameter can Change in user side, it is preferably stepless or approximately infinitely change.
14. equipment as any one of claim 11 to 13, it is characterised in that the control Device (11) facilitates the disconnection of electric current in the following way:The control device (11) causes the crystal Manage the low ohm and thus quickly electric discharge of the input capacitance of (8).
15. equipment as described in previous claim, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with another crystal Pipe (12), and the control device (11) is configured to another crystal by the additional setting The corresponding control for managing (12) is discharged come the input capacitance to the transistor (8).
16. equipment as described in previous claim, it is characterised in that described another transistor (12) Bipolar transistor, the preferably bipolar transistor with insulated gate electrode (IGBT) are configured to, Or field-effect transistor, preferred mos field effect transistor (MOSFET).
17. equipment as any one of claim 11 to 16, it is characterised in that described ohm Load (7) is formed by least one electrical heating elements (16,17).
18. equipment as any one of claim 11 to 17, it is characterised in that described ohm Load (7) is formed by multiple electrical heating elements (16,17), is provided with only running an electricity first and is added Thermal element (16) and the switch (18) of at least another electrical heating elements (17) is connected again in user side.
19. equipment as described in claim 17 or 18, it is characterised in that the equipment is in order to corresponding Power Control and be connected with electric heater unit or electrothermal air air blower (19) or be integrated in electricity plus In thermal or electrothermal air air blower (19).
20. equipment as any one of claim 11 to 19, it is characterised in that the equipment It is configured to stepless to control or with the output control device of many small step size controllings.
CN201610163716.2A 2015-12-07 2016-03-22 The method and apparatus of the Power Control of electric ohm load for being run with alternating voltage Pending CN106843364A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015121283 2015-12-07
DE102015121283.8 2015-12-07

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2032274U (en) * 1987-11-04 1989-02-08 郭东方 Temp.-controlling stepless speed governor
CN1687857A (en) * 2005-04-18 2005-10-26 金丰电子(苏州)有限公司 Low harmonic current power regulating method and apparatus
CN202050365U (en) * 2011-02-28 2011-11-23 朱虹 Single phase alternating current full-automatic noncontact voltage stabilizer
CN103280997A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-09-04 汕头大学 Power-adjustable rectifying circuit
CN104536500A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-22 周芸 Unidirectional silicon-controlled alternating-current voltage regulator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2032274U (en) * 1987-11-04 1989-02-08 郭东方 Temp.-controlling stepless speed governor
CN1687857A (en) * 2005-04-18 2005-10-26 金丰电子(苏州)有限公司 Low harmonic current power regulating method and apparatus
CN202050365U (en) * 2011-02-28 2011-11-23 朱虹 Single phase alternating current full-automatic noncontact voltage stabilizer
CN103280997A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-09-04 汕头大学 Power-adjustable rectifying circuit
CN104536500A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-22 周芸 Unidirectional silicon-controlled alternating-current voltage regulator

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