CN106834879A - A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834879A CN106834879A CN201510877062.5A CN201510877062A CN106834879A CN 106834879 A CN106834879 A CN 106834879A CN 201510877062 A CN201510877062 A CN 201510877062A CN 106834879 A CN106834879 A CN 106834879A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium and preparation method thereof, by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：5~10% praseodymium, 10~20% tin, 1~5% magnesium, 10~20% zinc, 5~10% aluminium, 1~5% copper, balance of lanthanum.The pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium properties of product stabilization of the invention, burning-point are low, wearability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy preparation field, and in particular to a kind of element containing praseodymium pyrophoric alloy that can be used in industry and daily life and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The inflammable pyrophoric metal of rare earth is widely used due to its inflammable characteristic in industry and daily life, and in daily life, the inflammable pyrophoric metal of rare earth is mainly used in firestone, is the important sources of lighter ignition.In defence and military, the inflammable pyrophoric metal of rare earth is processed into different elements, be respectively charged on different weapons, satisfied munitions effect can be obtained.As being used for flame tracer in weapon, bullet and shell draw core, igniter and other military applications etc..After pyrophoric alloy is processed into element by other industrial aspects, can be used for industrial gas lamp, geordie, welding gun igniter and torch ignitor etc..
The inflammable pyrophoric metal of traditional rare earth is typically synthesized by rare earth or mischmetal, aluminium, magnesium, zinc etc., because the content of alloy rare earth elements is often more than 70% so that the cost of alloy is very expensive；And rare earth element is easily aoxidized, content in the alloy is bigger, because its oxidation and the influence to product quality is bigger, reduce rare earth element pyrophoric metal middle content can not only reduces cost, while also can improve product quality；And rare earth resources are nonrenewable resources, deposit in the world is limited, even if China is the more country of content of rare earth, is also unable to undergo a large amount of development models using rare earth resources now；Therefore, seeking a kind of relatively low of new generation inflammable pyrophoric metal of content of rare earth turns into development necessarily.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided it is a kind of on the premise of its performance is ensured, the usage amount of rare earth is reduced, production cost is reduced, can be applied to pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium in industry and daily life and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：5~10% praseodymium, 10~20% tin, 1~5% magnesium, 10~20% zinc, 5~10% aluminium, 1~5% copper, balance of lanthanum.
Used as the further preferred of technical solution of the present invention, by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：10% praseodymium, 15% tin, 3% magnesium, 20% zinc, 7% aluminium, 2% copper, balance of lanthanum.
A kind of method for preparing the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium as described above, comprises the following steps successively：
（1）Raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are weighed according to mass percent of each component of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium in the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, each component is then cut into fritter；
（2）Each component is put into together in smelting furnace, then in the state of oxygen is isolated, carry out high melt；
（3）It is well mixed using electromagnetic agitation after after each component fusing, come out of the stove, carry out cooling ingot casting in the state of oxygen is isolated, you can obtain the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of finished product.
Further illustrate, described raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are using simple substance as melting raw material.
Further illustrate, the state of described isolation oxygen is vacuum state, or the state in inert gas shielding.
Lanthanum（La）, content of the lanthanum in the earth's crust is 0.00183%, be that content is most abundant in rare earth element one；, there is ductility argenteous soft metal；Heating can burn, and generate oxide and nitride；Can alloyage, can also make catalyst.
Praseodymium（Pr）, silvery white non-ferrous metal, matter is softer, there is ductility, and resistance to corrosion will be strong than lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and europium in atmosphere；Praseodymium is hexagonal crystallographic texture at room temperature.
Tin（Sn）, argenteous soft metal, proportion is 7.3, and fusing point is low, only 232 DEG C；Chemical property is very stable, is difficult to be oxidized by oxygen at normal temperatures, and be rich in malleability；Mainly for the manufacture of alloy, strengthen the wearability of alloy.
Zinc（Zn）, it is a kind of blue and white metal.Density is 7.14 grams/cc, and fusing point is 419.5 DEG C.At room temperature, property is more crisp；At 100~150 DEG C, soften；After more than 200 DEG C, become fragile again.The chemical property of zinc is active, and in air at normal temperatures, the thin and compact basic zinc carbonate film of one layer of Surface Creation can prevent further oxidation.After temperature reaches 225 DEG C, zinc oxidation is fierce；It is mainly used in steel aluminium, metallurgy, machinery, electric, chemical industry, light industry, military affairs and medicine and other fields.
Magnesium（Mg）, argenteous metal, 1.738 grams/cc of density, 648.9 DEG C of fusing point, 1090 DEG C of boiling point；With ductility, magnesium metal is nonmagnetic, and has the good dissipation of heat；Can be used for tobacco curing fire, flashlight powder, magnesium salts, aspirator, flare etc..
Copper（Cu）, in the metal of aubergine gloss, 8.92 grams/cc of density；1083.4 ± 0.2 DEG C of fusing point, 2567 DEG C of boiling point；There is good ductility.
In the present invention the component lanthanum and praseodymium of rare earth group of the lanthanides pyrophoric alloy be mainly the effect for serving alloy ignition, i.e. rare-earth elements of lanthanum can be with the intermetallic compound of the generation low ignition point such as tin, zinc, aluminium, magnesium, copper；Add tin to drop low-alloyed fusing point and increase the wearability of alloy；Adding a small amount of magnesium can strengthen the ignition quality of alloy；Part aluminium can also generate hard crisp FeZn compounds with zinc, play a part of to improve intensity, the hardness of alloy；Zinc has preferable ductility, can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of alloy, can also increase the consistency of alloy, that is, improve the extrusion process performance of alloy.
Advantages of the present invention：
1. rare earth usage amount than conventional amount fewer 1/3rd or so, low production cost, product quality is high.
2. properties of product are stable, and according to detection, the alloy density (ρ) produced using formula of the invention and preparation method is 6.5g/cm3~7.8g/cm3, burning-point（T）170~180 DEG C, hardness (HV) 140~160, sparking rate >=98%.
3. burning-point is low, wearability is strong；Due to tin, magnesium, Zn content increase, the fusing point of alloy, burning-point reduction, ductility is good, and the decay resistance of alloy is substantially better than the inflammable pyrophoric metal of traditional rare earth.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described, but does not limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：5% praseodymium, 10% tin, 1% magnesium, 10% zinc, 5% aluminium, 1% copper, balance of lanthanum.
The preparation method of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps successively：
（1）Raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are weighed according to mass percent of each component of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium in the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, each component is then cut into fritter；Described raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are using simple substance as melting raw material.
（2）Each component is put into together in smelting furnace, then under vacuum conditions, carry out high melt；
（3）It is well mixed using electromagnetic agitation after after each component fusing, come out of the stove, cooling ingot casting is carried out under vacuum conditions, you can obtain the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of finished product.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：10% praseodymium, 20% tin, 5% magnesium, 20% zinc, 10% aluminium, 5% copper, balance of lanthanum.
The preparation method of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps successively：
（1）Raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are weighed according to mass percent of each component of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium in the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, each component is then cut into fritter；Described raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are using simple substance as melting raw material.
（2）Each component is put into together in smelting furnace, then in the state of inert gas shielding, carry out high melt；
（3）It is well mixed using electromagnetic agitation after after each component fusing, come out of the stove, cooling ingot casting is being carried out in the state of inert gas shielding, you can obtain the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of finished product.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：10% praseodymium, 15% tin, 3% magnesium, 20% zinc, 7% aluminium, 2% copper, balance of lanthanum.
The preparation method of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps successively：
（1）Raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are weighed according to mass percent of each component of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium in the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, each component is then cut into fritter；Described raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are using simple substance as melting raw material.
（2）Each component is put into together in smelting furnace, then in the state of inert gas shielding, carry out high melt；
（3）It is well mixed using electromagnetic agitation after after each component fusing, come out of the stove, cooling ingot casting is being carried out in the state of inert gas shielding, you can obtain the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of finished product.
The pyrophoric alloy finished product of element containing the praseodymium properties of product stabilization of embodiment 1-3, burning-point are low, wearability is strong.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：5~10% praseodymium, 10~20% tin, 1~5% magnesium, 10~20% zinc, 5~10% aluminium, 1~5% copper, balance of lanthanum.
2. the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium contains：10% praseodymium, 15% tin, 3% magnesium, 20% zinc, 7% aluminium, 2% copper, balance of lanthanum.
3. a kind of method of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium prepared as described in claim 1-2 is any, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps successively：
（1）Raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are weighed according to mass percent of each component of the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium in the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium, each component is then cut into fritter；
（2）Each component is put into together in smelting furnace, then in the state of oxygen is isolated, carry out high melt；
（3）It is well mixed using electromagnetic agitation after after each component fusing, come out of the stove, carry out cooling ingot casting in the state of oxygen is isolated, you can obtain the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium of finished product.
4. it is according to claim 3 prepare the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium method, it is characterised in that：Described raw material lanthanum, praseodymium, tin, magnesium, zinc, aluminium and copper are using simple substance as melting raw material.
5. it is according to claim 3 prepare the pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium method, it is characterised in that：The state of described isolation oxygen is vacuum state, or the state in inert gas shielding.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102787257A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 梁建烈 | Novel mixed rare earth pyrophoric alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102978502A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-20 | 李宏伟 | Rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102978503A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-20 | 李宏伟 | Inflammable sparking alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102787257A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 梁建烈 | Novel mixed rare earth pyrophoric alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102978502A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-20 | 李宏伟 | Rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102978503A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-20 | 李宏伟 | Inflammable sparking alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170613 |