CN106833762A - 一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106833762A
CN106833762A CN201611256823.6A CN201611256823A CN106833762A CN 106833762 A CN106833762 A CN 106833762A CN 201611256823 A CN201611256823 A CN 201611256823A CN 106833762 A CN106833762 A CN 106833762A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
freezing point
liquid
low freezing
point fuel
hydrogen peroxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201611256823.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN106833762B (zh
Inventor
孙宏华
杨振华
刘海峰
田隆丰
王慰连
陆佳
李佳
吕建强
魏刚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHANGHAI HABO CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Original Assignee
SHANGHAI HABO CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SHANGHAI HABO CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD filed Critical SHANGHAI HABO CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority to CN201611256823.6A priority Critical patent/CN106833762B/zh
Publication of CN106833762A publication Critical patent/CN106833762A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106833762B publication Critical patent/CN106833762B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/183Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
    • C10L1/1837Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom hydroxy attached to a condensed aromatic ring system
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法,该低冰点燃料包括以下重量份含量的组分:过氧化氢60~95,乙醇40~5,酒石酸0.01~0.2,8‑羟基喹啉0.01~0.2;上述产品通过以下方法制备而成:将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,并搅拌均匀,得到第一液体;将8‑羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,并搅拌均匀,得到第二液体。再将第一液体和第二液体混合搅拌均匀,即得到目的产物。与现有技术相比,本发明具有低温不结冰,低温适应性好,稳定性好,腐蚀性小,燃气洁净不结垢、不积碳,生产过程无危险性废液生成等优点。

Description

一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃料,尤其是涉及一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法。
背景技术
过氧化氢的使用历史已经超过100多年,它在航空航天、国防等工业领域得到极其广泛的应用。在军事上它最初由于应用于火箭技术和国防武器而得到重视和发展,特别是在二战期间及冷战初期。随着航天运载费用、推进剂长期可贮存性、安全性、无毒无污染、可重复使用、快速发射等要求越来越高,高浓度过氧化氢在推进领域又重新受到了越来越广泛的关注。
目前,过氧化氢推进技术在美、英等国各机构得到广泛研究,如:NASA、美国空军、波音、Aerojet、轨道技术公司、轨道科学公司、普渡大学、Surrey卫星技术公司等。而且,火箭推进领域推进剂的发展方向之一是减少肼、四氧化二氮的使用,所以过氧化氢将会是目前和将来推进领域的研究开发重点之一。
过氧化氢具有高密度比冲、绿色环保、常温可贮存、操作安全方便、可单组元分解和可自燃等优点,非常适合作为现代火箭发动机的推进剂。过氧化氢作为液体推进剂具有以下几个显著的优良特性:
(1)无毒、无污染。
(2)可在地面或空间的常温条件下长期贮存。
(3)密度及密度比冲高。
(4)既可作为双组元推进剂的氧化剂,又可以作为单组元推进剂。
(5)良好的热物性。
(6)多用途。
但是过氧化氢推进剂的冰点,如85%过氧化氢为-15℃,95%过氧化氢为-5℃,容易结冰的劣势限制了广泛应用,采取保温措施增加了***重量和复杂性,使用环境温度的要求使其优势无法得到体现。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种具有低温适应性好,腐蚀性小,燃气洁净不结垢、不积碳,生产过程无危险性废液生成等优点的低冰点燃料及其制备方法,该燃料可应用于航空发动机、航天发动机、车辆、机器人、气体发生装置、能量发生装置、二氧化碳发生装置及其他特种动力设备。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种低冰点燃料,包括以下重量份含量的组分:
各组分均为试剂级原料。
优选地,其冰点为-60~-10℃。
优选地,该低冰点燃料包括以下重量份含量的组分:
优选地,其冰点为-60~-50℃。
该低冰点燃料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,并搅拌均匀,得到第一液体;
(2)按配比将8-羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,并搅拌均匀,得到第二液体;
(3)将第一液体和第二液体混合并搅拌均匀即得到所述的低冰点燃料。
优选地,各步骤搅拌过程中转速为60~4000转/分钟,搅拌时间为60~200分钟,温度控制在-20℃~50℃。
本发明通过在过氧化氢中加入冰点较低的乙醇(冰点低于-100℃),来降低过氧化氢的冰点,乙醇廉价易得,与过氧化氢互溶,能有效降低其冰点,使得过氧化氢的冰点在较大的范围内可调,同时乙醇也可以作为燃料,燃料氧化剂混合相容性良好,包含双组元和单组元燃料优势。
由于过氧化氢具有氧化性,贮存及在航天器使用过程中,外界环境变化多端,过氧化氢不稳定,容易分解,少量的酒石酸和8-羟基喹啉作为稳定剂,来稳定过氧化氢,防止过氧化氢的分解。酒石酸和8-羟基喹啉通过络合反应来稳定过氧化氢,酒石酸是一种良好的过氧化氢稳定剂,同时呈酸性,这增大了8-羟基喹啉的溶解量。制备过程中,分别将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,以及将8-羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,利用了物质之间的相容性,使不容易直接溶解在过氧化氢中的8-羟基喹啉通过先溶解在乙醇中,再与过氧化氢混合,使之溶解在体系中。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)低冰点:由于采用了科学的配比,该燃料产品的冰点比单一过氧化氢的冰点降低5~20℃,达到-60~-10℃,可以在低温环境条件下正常使用。
(2)稳定性好,可以在室温条件下长期保存该燃料产品。
(3)本发明的燃料毒性小、腐蚀性小,环保,燃烧后产物洁净不结垢、不积碳,生产过程无危险性废液生成。
(4)燃料氧化剂混合相容性良好,包含双组元和单组元燃料优势。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种低冰点燃料,包括以下重量份含量的组分:
该低冰点燃料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,并搅拌均匀,得到第一液体;
(2)按配比将8-羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,并搅拌均匀,得到第二液体;
(3)将第一液体和第二液体混合并搅拌均匀即得到所述的低冰点燃料。
各步骤搅拌过程中转速为60~4000转/分钟,搅拌时间为60~200分钟,控制在常温下进行。
实施例2
一种低冰点燃料,包括以下重量份含量的组分:
该低冰点燃料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,并搅拌均匀,得到第一液体;
(2)按配比将8-羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,并搅拌均匀,得到第二液体;
(3)将第一液体和第二液体混合并搅拌均匀即得到所述的低冰点燃料。
各步骤搅拌过程中转速为60~4000转/分钟,搅拌时间为60~200分钟,控制在常温下进行。
实施例3
一种低冰点燃料,包括以下重量份含量的组分:
该低冰点燃料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,并搅拌均匀,得到第一液体;
(2)按配比将8-羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,并搅拌均匀,得到第二液体;
(3)将第一液体和第二液体混合并搅拌均匀即得到所述的低冰点燃料。
各步骤搅拌过程中转速为60~4000转/分钟,搅拌时间为60~200分钟,控制在常温下进行。
实施例4
本实施与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于,本实施例制备过程中控制温度在0℃。
实施例5
本实施与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于,本实施例制备过程中控制温度在-20℃。
实施例6
本实施与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于,本实施例制备过程中控制温度在50℃。
对比例1
将过氧化氢与乙醇按照30:70的质量比搅拌均匀。
对比例2
95%过氧化氢。
将上述对比例1~2的过氧化氢混合物和实施例1~3的低冰点燃料进行检测,结果见表1。
表1
由上表可知,本发明所生产的耐低温、燃料氧化剂混合相容性良好、包含双组元和单组元燃料优势的低冰点燃料产品具有良好的低冰点、高稳定性的优点,根据对它的性能测试与实践运用,该燃料产品的冰点比单一过氧化氢的冰点降低5~20℃,达到-60~-10℃,可以在低温环境条件下正常使用,可以在室温条件下长期保存该燃料产品。适用于航空发动机、航天发动机、车辆、机器人、气体发生装置、能量发生装置、二氧化碳发生装置、其他特种动力设备、军工、科研等高端领域的使用。

Claims (6)

1.一种低冰点燃料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份含量的组分:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低冰点燃料,其特征在于,其冰点为-60~-10℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种低冰点燃料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份含量的组分:
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种低冰点燃料,其特征在于,其冰点为-60~-50℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种低冰点燃料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比将酒石酸加入过氧化氢中,并搅拌均匀,得到第一液体;
(2)按配比将8-羟基喹啉加入乙醇中,并搅拌均匀,得到第二液体;
(3)将第一液体和第二液体混合并搅拌均匀即得到所述的低冰点燃料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种低冰点燃料的制备方法,其特征在于,各步骤搅拌过程中转速为60~4000转/分钟,搅拌时间为60~200分钟,温度控制在-20℃~50℃。
CN201611256823.6A 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN106833762B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201611256823.6A CN106833762B (zh) 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201611256823.6A CN106833762B (zh) 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106833762A true CN106833762A (zh) 2017-06-13
CN106833762B CN106833762B (zh) 2018-09-04

Family

ID=59114052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201611256823.6A Expired - Fee Related CN106833762B (zh) 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106833762B (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107266274A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-20 上海哈勃化学技术有限公司 一种低温度气体发生剂及其制备方法
CN107325850A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-07 上海哈勃化学技术有限公司 一种特种燃料产品及其制备

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001009063A2 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-08 Atlantic Research Corporation Premixed liquid monopropellant solutions and mixtures
CN1775931A (zh) * 2005-12-07 2006-05-24 东北大学 燃油添加过氧化氢助燃剂复合燃烧方法
CN1908133A (zh) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-07 葛明龙 基团取代硅烷类航天燃料
CN102658066A (zh) * 2012-04-26 2012-09-12 葛明龙 催化分解低浓度过氧化氢反应器和燃烧室及其应用
KR20130133341A (ko) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-09 이승현 바이오 또는 메탄올에 물을 혼합한 대체연료 조성물

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001009063A2 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-08 Atlantic Research Corporation Premixed liquid monopropellant solutions and mixtures
CN1908133A (zh) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-07 葛明龙 基团取代硅烷类航天燃料
CN1775931A (zh) * 2005-12-07 2006-05-24 东北大学 燃油添加过氧化氢助燃剂复合燃烧方法
CN102658066A (zh) * 2012-04-26 2012-09-12 葛明龙 催化分解低浓度过氧化氢反应器和燃烧室及其应用
KR20130133341A (ko) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-09 이승현 바이오 또는 메탄올에 물을 혼합한 대체연료 조성물

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王万军等: "绿色过氧化氢双组元自燃推进剂", 《化学推进剂与高分子材料》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107266274A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-20 上海哈勃化学技术有限公司 一种低温度气体发生剂及其制备方法
CN107325850A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-07 上海哈勃化学技术有限公司 一种特种燃料产品及其制备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106833762B (zh) 2018-09-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Sackheim et al. Green propulsion advancement: challenging the maturity of monopropellant hydrazine
Ciezki et al. Some aspects on safety and environmental impact of the German green gel propulsion technology
Cantwell et al. Recent advances in hybrid propulsion
Wernimont et al. Past and present uses of rocket grade hydrogen peroxide
Florczuk et al. Performance evaluation of the hypergolic green propellants based on the HTP for a future next generation spacecrafts
CN101855325A (zh) 氧化亚氮燃料掺混物单元推进剂
Rarata et al. Novel liquid compounds as hypergolic propellants with HTP
Moon et al. Design specifications of H2O2/kerosene bipropellant rocket system for space missions
KR20160013922A (ko) 듀얼 모드 화학 로켓 엔진용 산화제 과잉 액체 단일 추진제
US5932837A (en) Non-toxic hypergolic miscible bipropellant
Rarata et al. Hydrogen peroxide as a high energy compound optimal for propulsive applications
CN106833762B (zh) 一种低冰点燃料及其制备方法
Lauck et al. Selection of ionic liquids and characterization of hypergolicy with hydrogen peroxide
Aggarwal et al. Green propellant: A study
Remissa et al. Propulsion Systems, Propellants, Green Propulsion Subsystems and their Applications: A Review
Rang et al. Reactivity of hypergolic hybrid solid fuel with industrial grade hydrogen peroxide
Surmacz Green rocket propulsion research and development at the institute of aviation: problems and perspectives
Karp et al. A hybrid mars ascent vehicle design and FY 2016 technology development
US20120144799A1 (en) Oxidizer Compound for Rocket Propulsion
US3088272A (en) Stable propellants
Musker et al. Hydrogen peroxide-From bridesmaid to bride
Kang et al. Difficulties of catalytic reactor for hydroxylammonium nitrate hybrid rocket
Trinh et al. Assessment of MON-25/MMH Propellant System for Deep-Space Engines
Oiknine New perspectives for hybrid propulsion
Mota et al. Novel hypergolic green fuels with hydrogen peroxide for propulsion systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20180904