CN106830841B - One kind steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fast preparation method - Google Patents
One kind steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fast preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106830841B CN106830841B CN201710095984.XA CN201710095984A CN106830841B CN 106830841 B CN106830841 B CN 106830841B CN 201710095984 A CN201710095984 A CN 201710095984A CN 106830841 B CN106830841 B CN 106830841B
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind using dregs as raw material, manufactures the method and production technology of the steam pressure of tobermorite containing aluminium solid brick, the mass percent of each component are as follows: dregs 70-85%；Cement 12-20%；Sodium sulphate 2-5%；Additive 0-0.05%, the sum of each component mass percent are 100%.Preparation method includes: first by dregs drying, ball milling, sieving, particle size is taken to be less than 10mm dregs as raw material, then each component is weighed, a part of water is mixed outside, mix is uniform, and mixture is delivered to assembly room, compression moulding, standard brick adobe is obtained, adobe obtains finished product by steam press maintenance.Mud treating capacity is big more than dregs of the present invention, at low cost, short preparation period, and the bulk resourcesization for realizing building castoff utilize and city low-carbon developing goal.Aluminum-containing mineral reaction in dregs generates aluminium tobermorite, ensure that the good intensity of adobe and durability, product appearance is good, and defect is few, reaches " autoclaved lime-sand brick " (GB11945-1999) MU20 grade performance requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, in particular to a kind of steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fastly
Fast preparation method.One of present invention main raw material(s) is that a large amount of heaps are accumulated and are difficult to the building for handling and utilizing in city
Mud more than dregs is related to disposition of solid waste field.
Background technique
Building waste is the by-product in city, and urban development and resident living produce a large amount of building wastes, mud more than dregs
It is wherein important one kind.Before 2000, many cities are yet to be builtly and low lying areas are widely distributed, and the soil of construction project is flat
Whole engineering is based on " lack side ", and the production scale of mud is relatively limited more than dregs, can be by by modes such as filled foundation, emergency burials
Society is spontaneous to be basically completed.With putting into operation for the increasing of China's urban modernization pace of construction, especially metro project, city
Low lying areas are filled and led up substantially, and based on " digging soil ", country also starts strictly to limit fills out sea and fill out the land leveling project of construction project
Lake behavior, by the spontaneous realization of society dregs more than mud discharge balance be broken.In some big and medium-sized cities, by government and civil construction
Dregs more than mud receiving field or " receive native point " come into being, however does not solve the problems, such as mud discharge hardly possible more than dregs fundamentally.
The main reason is that receiving number is limited, storage capacity is insufficient, digestion is difficult, cause more than a large amount of dregs mud disorderly row leave about, more heap more
Height causes serious soil erosion, sliding soil landslide, channel filling and environmental pollution, jeopardizes production, the living safety of the people.
Therefore, the resource utilization to mud more than dregs and digestion process become government and enviromental protection enterprise technology urgently to be resolved
Problem.For mud appearance in " band is husky in mud ", main component is that quartz, bauxite and class are long more than the dregs of a large amount of landfills in dregs receiving field
Stone, chemical component are mainly silica, aluminium oxide and small amounts iron, can be used as siliceous raw material through further break process and are used for
Produce cement concrete product, including regeneration brick and non-sintered wall bulk etc..
It is long-standing using the research and engineering application of building waste production regeneration brick, it is broadly divided into fired brick and steam pressure
Two class of brick, fired brick consume the energy and easily cause environmental pollution, have been produced and have been used by limitation in many large- and-medium size cities, market
On also gradually eliminating.Develop that environmentally protective, quality is good, simple process, low-cost regeneration tile product are to solve to build
The important directions that waste bulk resources utilize.
Chinese Patent Application No. is that disclose a kind of modified dregs non-burning brick by 201510437567.X, which is characterized in that former
Material is subway construction dregs, sand, cement, commercial lime, and ratio of water to material 0.20-0.24 is natural after being prepared using extrusion forming
It conserves 7d and generates intensity.The technology and this programme have certain similarity, but its ratio of water to material, molding mode and maintenance method etc. close
Key technique and this programme are entirely different, product strength 5-10MPa, are far below dregs brick intensity 20MPa of the present invention.
Chinese Patent Application No. is 201310426635.3 to disclose a kind of non-sintered dregs wall bulk and its preparation work
Skill, which is characterized in that charge ratio is engineering dregs 55-85 parts, 5-15 parts of glue material, 0-12 parts of fine aggregate, modified additive 0.05-
0.1, by ingredient mixing, action of forced stirring, cloth, compression moulding, without liner plate stacking, plastic film encapsulation, natural curing is made.Pass through
Match ratio is adjusted, intensity 5-20MPa product can be prepared.The maximum defect of the program is that curing time needs 28d, production cycle mistake
It is long and bad using the product long durability of natural curing technique preparation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems existing in the prior art, largely the support containing aluminium of dregs can be utilized vigorous the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Mullite steam pressure solid brick and its fast preparation method, to overcome in the prior art, construction refuse regenerated brick is of low quality, intensity
Problem relatively low, durability is poor, the production cycle is long.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium, the mass percent of each component: dregs 70-85%；Cement
12-20%；Sodium sulphate 2-5%；Additive 0.01-0.05%, the sum of each component mass percent are 100%；
Contain certain aluminium tobermorite mineral facies by the steam pressure dregs solid brick of the formula preparation；
The dregs refers to mud more than the landfill dregs of dregs receiving field, and essential mineral group becomes quartz, kaolin and feldspar
It is silica, aluminium oxide Deng, main chemical compositions.
The cement is PO42.5 cement.
The additive is nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2), nano zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) or nano ceric oxide (CeO2)。
One kind steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fast preparation method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: mud through naturally dry or dries more than dregs, makes its moisture content < 10%；
(2) crushing and screening: dregs selects particle size to be less than through jaw crushing crusher machine by aperture 10mm square hole screen
The dregs of 10mm；
(3) ingredient: test dregs moisture content weighs dregs, cement and additive by dry weight, mixes a part of water outside, stirs
Uniformly, the blank moisture control of mixing is in 9-11%；
(4) it forms: uniformly mixed blank being delivered to assembly room, compression moulding obtains standard brick adobe, load pressure
Power 10-15MPa；
(5) steam press maintenance: adobe is pushed into still kettle, by steam press maintenance, obtains finished product.
The present invention uses semidry method compression moulding, and the moisture content of mixture directly affects the viscosity and plasticity of walk, contains
The too low then poor plasticity of water rate influences molding effect, and aggregate and powder caking property are bad, and open defect is more, and moisture content is excessively high then
Easily bonding mold, can carry pressure reduction, these can all lead to the reduction of one-pass molding product qualified rate, therefore answer strict control mixed
Closing material moisture content is 9-11%.In addition, briquetting pressure size also will affect final product quality, pressure is excessive to be easy to cause regeneration brick to go out
Existing layer is split, and pressure is no more than 15MPa.
Preferably, the additive is hydrophilic, particle size 10-50nm.
Preferably, step (5) steaming pressuring curing system are as follows: 110-120 DEG C of temperature in the kettle when into kettle, 0.5h is vacuumized,
1h to 180 DEG C of temperature, pressure 1.0MPa, constant pressure 4h of heating is depressured 2h, and kettle obtains finished product out.
Under the conditions of 180 DEG C, the steam press maintenance of 1.0MPa, quadrivalent cation Ti4+、Zr4+、Ce4+Silicon oxygen four sides can be induced
Body generates defect, to make Al3+Replace Si4+Into oxygen-octahedron, tobermorite containing aluminium is generated with calcium hydroxide reaction.
The 10-50nm nano particle reactivity of hydrophilic is higher, and effect is preferable.Constant voltage time, which reaches 4h green strength and can meet, to be wanted
It asks, is not required to further extend the reaction time.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) important feature of the invention is that dregs is disposed, and the utilization of dregs has reached 70-80%, it is however generally that, it is low
It has little significance in the dregs disposal method of this dosage and invention, without actual industrial application value；
(2) by simply broken, sieving technology, walk or stone excessive in dregs had both been avoided to mixing uniformity
With molding adverse effect, and the sand content of dregs itself 30-50% is rationally utilized, is not required to that outer to mix river sand, sea sand etc. thin
Aggregate only need to add a small amount of cementitious material to realize good grain composition, ensure that the intensity of regeneration brick, and reduce natural
The dosage of sand improves the utilization rate of mud more than dregs.
(3) so that regeneration brick is generated intensity in 8h by way of steam press maintenance, obtain finished product, entire process flow does not surpass
After the production cycle for for 24 hours, substantially reducing regeneration brick.
(4) due in dregs there are active minerals containing aluminium such as part of clay, Al under the conditions of steam press maintenance3+Si can be replaced4+
Into oxygen-octahedron, a kind of tobermorite containing aluminium is generated with calcium hydroxide reaction, tobermorite containing aluminium is more vigorous than common support
Mullite is finer and close, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, durability are more preferable.Pass through incorporation nano-titanium dioxide, nano zirconium dioxide or nanometer
The additives crystal seed such as ceria, can accelerate the transformation of aluminium tobermorite phase, increase the generation of aluminium tobermorite phase, from
And make that steam pressure dregs brick intensity is higher, durability is more preferable.
(5) it is tested using the steam pressure dregs solid brick of technical solution of the present invention production by CMA, it was demonstrated that it, which can reach, " steams
Press Dinas brickes " (GB11945-1999) MU20 grade performance requirement, appearance is good, and flatness is high, and losing fangle is few, and crackle is few.
The high yield rate of product is suitble to industrialized mass production up to 99%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, the steam pressure dregs solid brick XRD spectrum of the preferred embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2, the present invention compare the steam pressure dregs solid brick XRD spectrum of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention and its effective technical effect are described in further detail below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, but sent out
Bright embodiment is without being limited thereto.
The present invention is as follows than more complete specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
A kind of steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium, is prepared from the following components: dregs by weight percentage
78.95%, cement 18%, sodium sulphate 3%, nano-titanium dioxide 0.05%.The cement is China Resources PO42.5 cement, and 28d is strong
Spend 48MPa.The titanium dioxide is hydrophily, golden red type, size 40nm.
One kind steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fast preparation method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: mud through naturally dry or dries more than dregs, moisture content 7.2%；
(2) crushing and screening: dregs is sieved through jaw crushing crusher machine by the aperture building site 10mm, and particle size is selected to be less than
The dregs of 10mm；
(3) ingredient: weighing dregs, cement and additive by dry weight, mix a part of water outside, stir evenly, the blank of mixing
Moisture content is 10.2%；
(4) it forms: uniformly mixed blank being delivered to assembly room, compression moulding obtains standard brick adobe, load pressure
Power 15MPa；
(5) steam press maintenance: adobe is pushed into still kettle, by steam press maintenance, obtains finished product.Steaming pressuring curing system are as follows:
120 DEG C of temperature in the kettle when into kettle, 0.5h is vacuumized, is heated up 1h to 180 DEG C of temperature, pressure 1.0MPa, constant pressure 4h, is depressured 2h, out
Kettle.
Finished product is subjected to performance detection by GB11945-1999 " autoclaved lime-sand brick ", as a result as follows, indices are qualified,
Reach MU20 class requirement.Quality after compression strength 25.2MPa, jelly after compression strength 26.0MPa, flexural strength 4.3MPa, jelly
Loss 0.3%, compression strength and frost resistance are all much higher than MU20 class requirement.
1 MU20 grade steam pressure dregs brick performance indicator of table
Dregs brick is crushed, is finely ground to powder, X-ray diffraction analysis is carried out by 80 μm of standard screens, deletes in XRD spectra
SiO2And CaCO3Highest peak and time Qiang Feng, observe remaining hydrated product, XRD spectrum is as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 1, the product after dregs brick steam pressure aquation is in addition to SiO2And CaCO3Outside, there are also Portlandite (hydrogen-oxygens
Change calcium) and Tobermorite, syn.Tobermorite, syn are one kind Tobermorite containing aluminium, show its change in XRD card
Structural formula is Ca5Si5Al(OH)O17·5H2O, and Tobermorite chemical formula is 5CaO6SiO2·5H2O can be proved
Substance C a5Si5Al(OH)O17·5H2O is tobermorite containing aluminium.
Hydrated cementitious generates Ca (OH)2With the SiO in dregs and sand2Reaction support can be generated suddenly in the environment of high temperature and pressure
Mullite the characteristics of high-compactness, can all have dregs brick matrix strength and stability and largely mention with high-strength
It is high.Due to A1 during generating tobermorite, in dregs3+Part Si can be replaced4+Into tobermorite structure
In, the oxygen-octahedron of tobermorite containing aluminium after displacement is more compact, to enhance the stability of structure.Tuo Bomo containing aluminium
Come stone durability and high temperature resistance more preferably, the tobermorite heat resisting temperature than pure material synthesis is higher by 90 DEG C or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of dregs steam pressure solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium, is prepared from the following components: dregs by weight percentage
80.95%, cement 15%, sodium sulphate 4%, nano zirconium dioxide 0.05%.The cement is China Resources PO42.5 cement, and 28d is strong
Spend 48MPa.The zirconium dioxide is hydrophily, size 40nm.
One kind steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fast preparation method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: mud through naturally dry or dries more than dregs, moisture content 6.7%；
(2) crushing and screening: dregs is sieved through jaw crushing crusher machine by the aperture building site 10mm, and particle size is selected to be less than
The dregs of 10mm；
(3) ingredient: weighing dregs, cement and additive by dry weight, mix a part of water outside, stir evenly, the blank of mixing
Moisture content is 9.7%；
(4) it forms: uniformly mixed blank being delivered to assembly room, compression moulding obtains standard brick adobe, load pressure
Power 15MPa；
(5) steam press maintenance: adobe is pushed into still kettle, by steam press maintenance, obtains finished product.Steaming pressuring curing system are as follows:
120 DEG C of temperature in the kettle when into kettle, 0.5h is vacuumized, is heated up 1h to 180 DEG C of temperature, pressure 1.0MPa, constant pressure 4h, is depressured 2h, out
Kettle.
Finished product is subjected to performance detection by GB11945-1999 " autoclaved lime-sand brick ", indices are qualified, reach MU20
Class requirement.Mass loss after compression strength 20.8MPa, jelly after compression strength 22.0MPa, flexural strength 4.1MPa, jelly
0.2%, compression strength and frost resistance are all much higher than MU20 class requirement.
Embodiment 3
The difference of a kind of tobermorite containing aluminium the dregs steam pressure solid brick and embodiment 1 of the present embodiment: percentage by weight
Than being prepared from the following components: dregs 79%, cement 18%, sodium sulphate 3%.Preparation method and process with 1 phase of embodiment
Together.
Finished product is subjected to performance detection by GB11945-1999 " autoclaved lime-sand brick ", indices are qualified, reach MU20
Class requirement.Mass loss after compression strength 21.8MPa, jelly after compression strength 23.5MPa, flexural strength 4.3MPa, jelly
0.4%, compression strength and frost resistance still can reach MU20 class requirement, but indices are worse than embodiment 1.
Dregs brick is crushed, is finely ground to powder, X-ray diffraction analysis is carried out by 80 μm of standard screens, deletes in XRD spectra
SiO2And CaCO3Highest peak and time Qiang Feng, observe remaining hydrated product, XRD spectrum is as shown in Figure 2.
Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 2 are it is found that the main hydration products of the two are SiO2、CaCO3And Tobermorite, syn, aluminium
The peak shape and peak position of tobermorite are more similar.But the tobermorite peak heights of Fig. 2 are significantly lower than Fig. 1, show to compare
Aluminium tobermorite crystalline content will be less than embodiment 1 in embodiment 1, this is because not adding nanoparticle additives causes.
Embodiment 4
A kind of dregs steam pressure solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium and its fast preparation method of the present embodiment and embodiment 1
Difference: step (5) steaming pressuring curing system are as follows: 110-120 DEG C of temperature in the kettle when into kettle, vacuumize 0.5h, heating 1h to temperature 180
DEG C, pressure 1.0MPa, constant pressure 2h are depressured 2h, and kettle obtains finished product out.
Finished product is subjected to performance detection by GB11945-1999 " autoclaved lime-sand brick ", as a result as follows, indices are qualified,
Reach MU20 class requirement.Quality after compression strength 19.2MPa, jelly after compression strength 21.4MPa, flexural strength 3.9MPa, jelly
Loss 0.5%, compression strength meets standard requirements, but intensity does not reach requirement after flexural strength and jelly.It can be seen that shortening steam pressure
Curing time can seriously affect dregs brick hydration reaction and carry out degree, and intensity is made to generate apparent decline.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of steam pressure solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium manufactured using dregs as raw material, which is characterized in that the matter of each component
Measure percentage: dregs 70-85%；Cement 12-20%；Sodium sulphate 2-5%；Additive 0-0.05%, each component mass percent
The sum of be 100%, the steam pressure dregs solid brick after preparing contain certain aluminium tobermorite phase,
Wherein, the dregs refers to mud more than the landfill dregs of dregs receiving field, and essential mineral group becomes quartz, feldspar and kaolinite
Soil, main chemical compositions are silica, aluminium oxide；The cement is PO42.5 cement；The additive be nano-titanium dioxide,
Nano zirconium dioxide or nano ceric oxide；
The steam pressure solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium is prepared by following preparation method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: mud through naturally dry or dries more than dregs, makes its moisture content < 10%；
(2) crushing and screening: dregs selects particle size to be less than 10mm through jaw crushing crusher machine by aperture 10mm square hole screen
Dregs；
(3) ingredient: test dregs moisture content weighs dregs, cement and additive by dry weight, mixes a part of water outside, stir evenly,
Blank moisture control is in 9-11%；
(4) it forms: uniformly mixed blank being delivered to assembly room, compression moulding obtains standard brick adobe, on-load pressure
10-15MPa；
(5) steam press maintenance: adobe is pushed into still kettle, by steam press maintenance, obtains finished product, the steam press maintenance are as follows: into kettle
When 110-120 DEG C of temperature in the kettle, vacuumize 0.5h, heating 1-2h to 180-190 DEG C of temperature, pressure 1.0-1.2MPa, constant pressure 2-
4h is depressured 2-4h, and kettle obtains finished product out.
2. a kind of steam pressure dregs solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium manufactured using dregs as raw material according to claim 1
Fast preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: mud through naturally dry or dries more than dregs, makes its moisture content < 10%；
(2) crushing and screening: dregs selects particle size to be less than 10mm through jaw crushing crusher machine by aperture 10mm square hole screen
Dregs；
(3) ingredient: test dregs moisture content weighs dregs, cement and additive by dry weight, mixes a part of water outside, stir evenly,
Blank moisture control is in 9-11%；
(4) it forms: uniformly mixed blank being delivered to assembly room, compression moulding obtains standard brick adobe, on-load pressure
10-15MPa；
(5) steam press maintenance: adobe is pushed into still kettle, by steam press maintenance, obtains finished product, the steam press maintenance are as follows: into kettle
When 110-120 DEG C of temperature in the kettle, vacuumize 0.5h, heating 1-2h to 180-190 DEG C of temperature, pressure 1.0-1.2MPa, constant pressure 2-
4h is depressured 2-4h, and kettle obtains finished product out.
3. a kind of steam pressure solid brick of tobermorite containing aluminium manufactured using dregs as raw material described in claim 1, feature
It is, the additive is hydrophilic, granular size 10-50nm.
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| CN112408898A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 华新水泥股份有限公司 | Process for producing baking-free type filter-pressing soil tailing bricks through cogeneration and co-maintenance of cement plant |
| CN114716193B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-02-28 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of recycled slag-soil brick |
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