CN106829914A - A kind of three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN106829914A CN106829914A CN201710054083.6A CN201710054083A CN106829914A CN 106829914 A CN106829914 A CN 106829914A CN 201710054083 A CN201710054083 A CN 201710054083A CN 106829914 A CN106829914 A CN 106829914A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery, comprising following operating procedure：(1) polymer pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；(2) it is added in the catalyst metal salt solution of 0.1~2.0mol/L, is filtered after mixing 0.1~12h；(3) in mass ratio 1:1~1:5 add pore creating material, stirring, drying；(4) under a shielding gas, heat, and keeping temperature is 400~700 DEG C of 1~5h of reaction；(5) 1~12h of pickling in acid solution is added, suction filtration, drying obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.Whole process method of the present invention is simple, energy consumption is low, yield is high, it is easy to accomplish industrial mass production；Porous carbon materials prepared by the present invention, specific surface is big, good conductivity, it is adaptable to makees high performance lithium ion battery negative material, and is conducive to industrialized production with application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of porous carbon materials, more particularly to a kind of three-dimensional porous carbon of lithium ion battery is born
Pole material.
Background technology
In recent years, as people's exploitation substantial amounts of to fossil energy is used, coal, oil, the reserves of natural gas are not only caused
Greatly reduce, and the problem of environmental pollution and greenhouse effects that directly combustion of fossil fuels is caused, it is also the weight of facing mankind
Big challenge, therefore development new energy and effective energy storage device technology are extremely urgent.Lithium ion battery has that energy density is high, follows
Ring long lifespan, is widely used in household electrical appliance and portable electric appts the advantages of transformation efficiency is high.With new energy vapour
The industries such as car are developed rapidly, capacity and high rate performance the requirement more and more higher to battery, and commercial graphite negative pole theoretical capacity is only
There is 372mAh/g, and high rate performance is poor, significantly limit its application in extensive energy storage, therefore, develop new property high
Energy negative material is extremely urgent.Porous carbon negative pole material is in recent years the focus of research, porous because it has high-ratio surface
Structure, therefore be to be hopeful to substitute one of material of graphite cathode with larger lithium storage content, but due to porous carbon structure
It is unordered, so as to cause material conductivity and electrochemical stability poor.Therefore, how to improve porous carbon materials electric conductivity, improve
Electrochemical stability is this area problem in the urgent need to address.
In sum, this area still lacks a kind of with height ratio capacity, and high rate capability, the three-dimensional of long circulating stability is more
Hole carbon lithium ion cell negative electrode material.
The information for being disclosed in the background section is merely intended to increase the understanding to general background of the invention, without answering
In being considered as recognizing or imply in any form that the information structure has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and invention is a kind of, and there is height ratio capacity, high rate capability, length to follow
The preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon lithium ion cell negative electrode material of ring stability.
It is carbon source that polymer is used in the present invention, and metal cation salt is catalyst, by being sufficiently mixed with pore creating material after
Calcined in tube furnace, after pickling removes impurity, suction filtration is dried product, obtains three-dimensional porous network structure carbon material.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is as follows：
A kind of preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery, comprising following operating procedure：
(1) polymer pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；
(2) resulting polymers are added to the catalyst metal salt solution of 0.1~2.0mol/L after being dried in step (1)
In, filtered after mixing 0.1~12h；
(3) filter residue, i.e. exchange obtained by after being filtered to step (2) is middle have in the polymer of catalyst metals, and in mass ratio 1:1
~1:5 add pore creating material, are uniformly mixed, and dry；
(4) gained material under a shielding gas, is heated after drying in step (3), and keeping temperature is 400~700 DEG C of perseverances
1~5h of temperature reaction；
(5) by 1~12h of pickling in gained material addition acid solution after reaction in step (4), suction filtration, drying obtain
The three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the pretreatment described in step (1) is followed successively by alkali process and acid treatment.
Preferably, the polymer described in step (1) is PKS polymer, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl chloride
One or more mixture in resin, polyester resin, polyamide, polyimide resin.
Preferably, the catalyst metal salts described in step (2) be molysite, cobalt salt or nickel salt in one or two with
Upper mixture；Wherein, described molysite is iron chloride, frerrous chloride, ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric nitrate, ferrous nitrate, vinegar
Sour iron, ferrous acetate, potassium ferrocyanide, the potassium ferricyanide, sodium ferrocyanide or the sodium ferricyanide；Described cobalt salt is cobalt chloride, chlorine
Change sub- cobalt, cobaltous sulfate, Cobaltous sulfate, cobalt nitrate, colbaltous nitrate, cobalt acetate, acetic acid Asia cobalt, hexanitro and close cobalt acid sodium or hexanitro
Close cobalt acid potassium；Described nickel salt is nickel chloride, nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate or nickel acetate.
Preferably, the pore creating material described in step (3) is potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, carbon
One or more mixture in sour hydrogen sodium and NaOH.
Preferably, heating ramp rate is 1~10 DEG C/min in step (4), and protective gas flow velocity is 0.1~1sccm/
min。
Preferably, the protective atmosphere described in step (4) be nitrogen, helium, argon gas in one or more
Mixture.
Preferably, the acid solution described in step (5) is in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid
Plant or two or more mixtures.
Preferably, the acid solution concentration described in step (5) is 1~5mol/L.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention has the metal ion of catalyzed graphitization by using polymer exchange, promotes carbon source charcoal at low temperature
Change and graphitization, greatly reduce energy consumption, increase material conductivity；
2nd, by adding pore creating material, pore-creating is carried out to carbon material, by changing the consumption of pore creating material, so as to regulate and control final product
The pattern of thing, obtains different specific surface areas, the porous carbon three-dimensional framework of different pore size distribution；
3rd, by improving the electric conductivity of carbon material, be conducive to the transmission of electronics, by carrying out pore-creating to carbon material, prepare mutual
Be connected, the three-dimensional net structure carbon material of multistage pore size distribution, be conducive to shortening the diffusion path of ion, improve the multiplying power of material
Performance, high-ratio surface can provide more avtive spots, further improve the lithium storage content of material；
4th, products obtained therefrom of the present invention improves the high rate performance of material by combination graphite material and the advantage of porous carbon materials
And lithium storage content；Whole process method of the present invention is simple, energy consumption is low, yield is high, it is easy to accomplish industrial mass production；The present invention
The porous carbon materials of preparation, specific surface is big, good conductivity, it is adaptable to make high performance lithium ion battery negative material, and favorably
In industrialized production and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the according to embodiments of the present invention 1 three-dimensional porous Carbon anode material of lithium ion battery for preparing that gained legend is 20 μm
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of material.
Fig. 2 is the 1 preparation gained three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery according to embodiments of the present invention in lithium-ion electric
The high rate performance figure obtained in the test of pond.
Fig. 3 is the 1 preparation gained three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery according to embodiments of the present invention in lithium-ion electric
The cycle-index figure obtained in the test of pond.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not received
The limitation of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) PKS polymer pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；(2) dried PKS polymer in step (1) is added in the Nickel dichloride hexahydrate solution of 2.0mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after 12h, removes filtrate, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the PKS polymer of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The PKS polymer of agent metal ion：Pore creating material potassium hydroxide quality compares 1:1 adds potassium hydroxide, is uniformly mixed, and dries
It is dry；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through nitrogen, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
700 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h controls heating rate for 1 DEG C/min, and nitrogen flow rate is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the hydrochloric acid solution of 2mol/L, pickling 8h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph that the present embodiment 1 prepares gained three-dimensional porous material, it can be seen that obvious three-dimensional honeycomb
Shape porous carbon frame structure；Fig. 2 is high rate performance curve of the material under different current densities, is up in current density
During 100A/g, capacity still has 219mAhg-1；Fig. 2 is charge-discharge performance curve of the material under 10A/g current densities,
After the circle of circulation 1400, capacity has reached 576mAhg-1。
Embodiment 2
(1) phenolic resin pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried phenolic resin in step (1) is added in the Nickel dichloride hexahydrate solution of 0.1mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after stirring 0.1h, removes filtrate, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the phenolic resin of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The phenolic resin of agent metal ion：Pore creating material NaOH mass ratio 1:1 adds NaOH, is uniformly mixed, and dries；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through argon gas, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
400 DEG C, isothermal reaction 5h controls heating rate for 5 DEG C/min, and argon gas flow velocity is 0.1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the sulfuric acid solution of 1mol/L, pickling 1h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 3
(1) epoxy resin pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried epoxy resin in step (1) is added in the cobalt sulfate solution of 0.1~2.0mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after 0.1~12h of stirring, removes filtrate, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the epoxy resin of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The epoxy resin of agent metal ion：Pore creating material calcium oxide mass ratio 1:1 adds calcium hydroxide, is uniformly mixed, and dries；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through helium, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
600 DEG C, isothermal reaction 3h controls heating rate for 10 DEG C/min, and helium flow velocity is 0.0.5sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the salpeter solution of 5mol/L, pickling 6h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 4
(1) Corvic pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Treatment；
(2) dried Corvic in step (1) is added in the six hydration nickel acetate solutions of 2.0mol/L,
Suction filtration after 10h is mixed, filtrate is removed, filter residue is taken；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), that is, exchange in having a Corvic of catalyst metal ion, by exchange
There is the Corvic of catalyst metal ion：Pore creating material ammonium carbonate mass ratio 1:2 add ammonium carbonate, are uniformly mixed,
Drying；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through nitrogen, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
700 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h controls heating rate for 10 DEG C/min, and nitrogen flow rate is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the acetum of 1mol/L, pickling 12h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 5
(1) polyamide pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried polyamide in step (1) is added in the ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum of 0.5mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after 10h, removes filtrate, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the polyamide of catalyst metal ion, have by exchange
The polyamide of catalyst metal ion：Pore creating material potassium hydroxide quality compares 1:2 add potassium hydroxide, are uniformly mixed,
Drying；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through argon gas, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
500 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h controls heating rate for 5 DEG C/min, and argon gas flow velocity is 1.5sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the phosphoric acid solution of 2mol/L, pickling 3h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 6
(1) polyimide resin pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Treatment；
(2) dried polyimide resin in step (1) is added in the Cobaltous sulfate solution of 1.0mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after stirring 1h, removes filtrate, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), that is, exchange in having a polyimide resin of catalyst metal ion, by exchange
There is the polyimide resin of catalyst metal ion：Pore creating material potassium hydroxide quality compares 1:2 add potassium hydroxide, and stirring mixing is equal
It is even, drying；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through nitrogen, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
600 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h controls heating rate for 6 DEG C/min, and nitrogen flow rate is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the oxalic acid solution of 2mol/L, pickling 9h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 7
(1) polyester resin pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried polyester resin in step (1) is added in the nickel nitrate solution of 2.0mol/L, mixes 5h
Suction filtration, removes filtrate afterwards, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the polyester resin of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The polyester resin of agent metal ion：Pore creating material sodium acid carbonate mass ratio 1:4 add sodium acid carbonate, are uniformly mixed, and dry；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through helium, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
700 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2h controls heating rate for 10 DEG C/min, and helium flow velocity is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the hydrochloric acid solution of 3mol/L, pickling 5h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 8
(1) PKS polymer pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried PKS polymer in step (1) is added in the Nickel dichloride hexahydrate solution of 0.9mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after stirring 8h is closed, filtrate is removed, filter residue is taken；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the PKS polymer of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The PKS polymer of agent metal ion：Pore creating material ammonium hydrogen carbonate mass ratio 1:3 add ammonium hydrogen carbonate, are uniformly mixed, and dry
It is dry；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through nitrogen, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
550 DEG C, isothermal reaction 4h controls heating rate for 2 DEG C/min, and nitrogen flow rate is 0.5sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the sulfuric acid solution of 4mol/L, pickling 2h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 9
(1) phenolic resin pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried phenolic resin in step (1) is added to the cobalt chloride hexahydrate solution of 0.1~2.0mol/L
In, suction filtration after 9h is mixed, filtrate is removed, take filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the phenolic resin of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The phenolic resin of agent metal ion：Pore creating material potassium hydroxide quality compares 1:3 add potassium hydroxide, are uniformly mixed, and dry；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through nitrogen, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
650 DEG C, isothermal reaction 4h controls heating rate for 7 DEG C/min, and nitrogen flow rate is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the salpeter solution of 2mol/L, pickling 6h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 10
(1) epoxy resin pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried epoxy resin in step (1) is added in the nickel sulfate solution of 2.0mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after 12h, removes filtrate, takes filter residue；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the epoxy resin of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The epoxy resin of agent metal ion：Pore creating material potassium hydroxide quality compares 1:4 add potassium hydroxide, are uniformly mixed, and dry；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through nitrogen, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
500 DEG C, isothermal reaction 5h controls heating rate for 2 DEG C/min, and nitrogen flow rate is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the hydrochloric acid solution of 2mol/L, pickling 10h, suction filtration, baking
It is dry, that is, obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 11
(1) PKS polymer pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；Wherein, pretreatment is followed successively by alkali process and acid
Reason；
(2) dried PKS polymer in step (1) is added in the copperas solution of 0.1~2.0mol/L, is mixed
Suction filtration after stirring 8h is closed, filtrate is removed, filter residue is taken；
(3) to gained filter residue in step (2), i.e., during exchange has the PKS polymer of catalyst metal ion, urged by exchange
The PKS polymer of agent metal ion：Pore creating material ammonium hydrogen carbonate mass ratio 1:1 adds ammonium hydrogen carbonate, is uniformly mixed, and dries
It is dry；
(4) gained material is put into tube furnace after drying in step (3), is passed through argon gas, is heated, and is set heating-up temperature and is
450 DEG C, isothermal reaction 5h controls heating rate for 5 DEG C/min, and argon gas flow velocity is 1sccm/min；
(5) gained material after reaction in step (4) is added in the sulphur solution of 2mol/L, pickling 7h, suction filtration, drying,
Obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of lithium ion battery.
The foregoing description to specific illustrative embodiment of the invention be in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can be much changed
And change.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining that certain principles of the invention and its reality should
With so that those skilled in the art can realize and using a variety of exemplaries of the invention and
A variety of selections and change.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of a kind of lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that comprising following operating procedure：
(1) polymer pre-processed successively, washed, being dried；
(2) resulting polymers are added in the catalyst metal salt solution of 0.1~2.0mol/L after being dried in step (1), are mixed
Filtered after closing 0.1~12h of stirring；
(3) after being filtered to step (2) is middle in gained filter residue, in mass ratio 1:1~1:5 add pore creating material, stirring, drying；
(4) in step (3) after drying gained material under a shielding gas, heating, and keeping temperature be 400~700 DEG C of reactions 1~
5h；
(5) will gained material adds 1~12h of pickling in acid solution after reaction in step (4), suction filtration, drying, that is, obtain lithium from
The sub- three-dimensional porous carbon negative pole material of battery.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pretreatment described in step (1) is followed successively by alkali
Reason and acid treatment.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Polymer described in step (1) is PKS polymerizations
One kind in thing, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, Corvic, polyester resin, polyamide, polyimide resin or
Two or more mixtures.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Catalyst metal salts described in step (2) are iron
One or more mixtures in salt, cobalt salt or nickel salt；Wherein, described molysite is iron chloride, frerrous chloride, sulfuric acid
Iron, ferrous sulfate, ferric nitrate, ferrous nitrate, ferric acetate, ferrous acetate, potassium ferrocyanide, the potassium ferricyanide, sodium ferrocyanide or
The sodium ferricyanide；Described cobalt salt be cobalt chloride, cobalt chloride, cobaltous sulfate, Cobaltous sulfate, cobalt nitrate, colbaltous nitrate, cobalt acetate,
Acetic acid Asia cobalt, hexanitro close cobalt acid sodium or hexanitro closes cobalt acid potassium；Described nickel salt is nickel chloride, nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate or second
Sour nickel.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pore creating material described in step (3) is potassium hydroxide,
One or more mixture in calcium hydroxide, ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium acid carbonate and NaOH.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (4) heating ramp rate be 1~10 DEG C/
Min, protective gas flow velocity is 0.1~1sccm/min.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Protective atmosphere described in step (4) is nitrogen, helium
One or more mixture in gas, argon gas.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Acid solution described in step (5) is hydrochloric acid, sulphur
One or more mixture in acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Acid solution concentration described in step (5) for 1~
5mol/L。
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