CN106828250B

CN106828250B - Multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment

Info

Publication number: CN106828250B
Application number: CN201710051417.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 盛文理
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-01-20
Filing date: 2017-01-20
Publication date: 2023-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2037-01-20
Also published as: CN106828250A

Abstract

The invention provides multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The loading and unloading device solves the problems that the existing loading and unloading device occupies a large amount of bearing space, is poor in reliability and low in efficiency. The hoisting device comprises a supporting cover, a winding drum and a steel wire rope, wherein the winding drum is transversely arranged in the supporting cover and is driven by the first motor and the first speed reducer, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the winding drum, a supporting rod parallel to the winding drum is arranged in the supporting cover in a penetrating mode, the other end of the steel wire rope is hung on the supporting rod, and two hooks are sleeved on the part, between the supporting rod and the winding drum, of the steel wire rope. The invention has the advantages of strong reliability, high efficiency and the like.

Description

Multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and relates to a multifunctional self-loading and unloading device.

Background

Along with the continuous development of society, the continuous progress of science and technology, people's living standard is also continuously improving, has also driven the development of transportation simultaneously. The freight car is the transport means that is indispensable in the transportation trade, and current freight car adopts fork truck or manpower transport loading and unloading goods mostly, can't guarantee to accomplish the loading and unloading task on time when the labour is short in, when the irregular or heavier goods of loading and unloading, the manpower transport is inconvenient, has certain danger. The freight train bottom plate overlength of some freight train, the freight train need be followed around loading and unloading when loading and unloading goods, and need go on under workman's cooperation condition, sometimes lead to artifical transport to waste time and energy because of the freight train is too heavy, and the loading and unloading goods time is long, seriously influences the efficiency of transportation, and when loading and unloading around from the freight train, the freight train slope can be caused to the freight train too heavy, very easily takes place the incident.

For this reason, chinese patent discloses a truck portable loading and unloading frame [ authorized bulletin number: CN 202641477U), two rails are arranged on the bottom plate of the truck bottom plate, a loading and unloading frame is arranged in the truck bottom plate, and pulleys which are matched with the rails and can slide along the rails are arranged at the bottom of the loading and unloading frame. In this structure, since the loading and unloading frame is provided, the goods can be loaded on the loading and unloading frame to be transported in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate, but the goods still need to be manually transported during loading and unloading, and the problems of long loading and unloading time and low safety are also caused. And the loading and unloading frame occupies the space of the wagon compartment, so that the loading capacity of the wagon is affected to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a multifunctional self-loading and unloading device which does not affect the loading capacity of a truck, has high reliability and high efficiency.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

the multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment comprises two main guide rails which are arranged in parallel with each other and a first support frame which spans the two main guide rails, wherein a first driving structure for driving the first support frame to synchronously move along the two main guide rails is arranged between the first support frame and the main guide rail.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the lifting device comprises a supporting cover, a winding drum transversely penetrating through the supporting cover and driven by a motor I and a speed reducer I, and a steel wire rope with one end fixed and wound on the winding drum, a supporting rod parallel to the winding drum is penetrated in the supporting cover, the other end of the steel wire rope is hung on the supporting rod, and at least one hook is sleeved on the part of the steel wire rope between the supporting rod and the winding drum.

The both ends of reel are equipped with the flange that blocks respectively, in order to prevent wire rope from blocking, with the medial surface of the flange that blocks of reel one end and one inside wall parallel and level of supporting the cover, with the medial surface of the flange that blocks of the reel other end and another inside wall parallel and level of supporting the cover, the reel is at the during operation, and wire rope who is located on it is in between the flange that blocks at reel both ends all the time under the limiting effect of supporting the cover inside wall, does not block the line forever.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the supporting cover is internally provided with the supporting rod which runs along the winding drum, the supporting rod is provided with the pulley which can roll on the upper part of the supporting rod, two sides of the pulley are respectively provided with the supporting plates which extend downwards, a fixing rod positioned below the supporting rod is fixed between the two supporting plates, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the fixing rod.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment, the first driving structures are two and are respectively positioned at two ends of the first supporting frame, the first driving structures comprise a first moving trolley which is arranged on a main guide rail corresponding to the first driving structures and extends along the length direction of the main guide rail, a pressure bearing wheel which is respectively arranged at the lower parts of two ends of the moving trolley and can roll on the main guide rail, an auxiliary supporting wheel, a second motor and a second speed reducer, the pressure bearing wheel is coaxially fixed on an output shaft of the second speed reducer, an immediate structure for positioning the moving trolley at a designated position is arranged between the moving trolley and the main guide rail, and the moving trolley of the first driving structures synchronously moves or stops.

When the mobile trolley is required to move, the motor II works to drive the output shaft of the speed reducer II to output power, the pressure-bearing wheel coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the speed reducer II rolls along the main guide rail, and when the mobile trolley moves to a designated position, the motor II stops, and the mobile trolley is positioned on the main guide rail under the action of the fixed structure I. When the reverse movement is needed, the motor II rotates reversely, so that the rolling direction of the pressure bearing wheel is opposite, and the movable trolley can be driven to move reversely. Because the travelling trolley of the first two driving structures synchronously moves or stops, the two ends of the first supporting frame synchronously move forwards or backwards, and the stability of the working process is ensured.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the first fixed structure comprises a first rack which is arranged in parallel with the main guide rail and a first gear which is coaxially fixed on the second output shaft of the speed reducer, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack. A small gap is arranged between the first rack and the main guide rail or between the first rack and the main guide rail. Under the action of the meshing of the first gear and the first rack, the first gear can be positioned on the first rack in real time when the first gear stops rotating, so that the pressure-bearing wheel is effectively prevented from continuing to roll on the main guide rail, and the fixed effect is good.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, one side of the main guide rail, which is far away from the first rack, is provided with a guide groove extending along the length direction of the main guide rail, one end of the movable trolley, which is positioned on the auxiliary support wheel, is provided with a first support plate, the first support plate is provided with a bearing wheel which can roll in the guide groove, and the bearing wheel is abutted against the upper side surface of the guide groove; one end of the pressure bearing wheel of the movable trolley is provided with a second supporting plate, the second supporting plate is provided with a limiting wheel capable of rolling in the guide groove, and the limiting wheel is attached to the upper side face of the guide groove.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, 1-2 support columns are arranged between one end of the first support frame and one of the mobile trolleys, 1-2 support columns are also arranged between the other end of the first support frame and the other mobile trolley, the upper ends of the support columns are hinged with the first support frame, and the lower ends of the support columns are hinged with the mobile trolleys corresponding to the support columns.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, one end of the support frame is provided with two support columns, the other end of the support frame is also provided with two support columns, the lower part of the first support frame is provided with a plurality of T-shaped plates I which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns, and the upper ends of the support columns are hinged on the T-shaped plates I corresponding to the support columns; the movable trolley is provided with a T-shaped plate II which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns, and the lower ends of the support columns are hinged to the T-shaped plate II which corresponds to the support columns. The T-shaped plate comprises a baffle and a hinged plate which is perpendicular to the baffle, the baffle extends along the vertical direction, the function of reinforcing the hinged plate is achieved, the positioning function is achieved, and when the support column abuts against the baffle, the support column is indicated to be located at the position of 90 degrees in the vertical direction. The baffle of the first T-shaped plate and the baffle of the second T-shaped plate face opposite directions.

The T-shaped plate can be designed into an E shape according to the work load requirement of the equipment so as to enhance the connection strength of the upright post, the first support frame and the mobile trolley.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment, the middle parts of two support columns positioned on the same mobile trolley are connected through two opposite synchronous support plates, one end of each synchronous support plate is hinged with one support column, the other end of each synchronous support plate is hinged with the other support column, an oil cylinder is hinged on the support column positioned at the bearing wheel, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder is hinged with the end part of the outward extending section of the supporting guide rail.

The hinge point of the oil cylinder and the support column is positioned at the synchronous support plate, one part of the force born by the oil cylinder acts on one support column, and the other part acts on the other support column through the synchronous support plate.

In the equipment, a pump station for driving the oil cylinder to act and an oil tank connected with the pump station are arranged on a first support frame, a control box, an electromagnetic box and the like of each motor are also arranged on the first support frame, and the synchronous operation of energy and equipment is ensured during working, so that the interference of circuits and pipelines on the working is avoided.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the first support frame is fixedly provided with two mutually parallel branch guide rails, a second support frame which is arranged on the two branch guide rails in a crossing manner, and a third drive structure which is arranged between the second support frame and the branch guide rails and is used for driving the second support frame to synchronously move along the branch guide rails, the branch guide rails are parallel to the main guide rails, the same ends of the two branch guide rails respectively extend outwards for a section of equal distance, and the second auxiliary guide rail is arranged on the second support frame.

When the first support frame moves to the tail end of the main guide rail, the first support frame cannot move any more, and as the same end of the branch guide rail extends outwards for a certain equal distance, the second support frame can move on the branch guide rail continuously, and when the second support frame moves to the tail end of the branch guide rail, the projection of the second support frame is located on the outer side of the main guide rail. The width of the first support frame is equal to the distance between the two main guide rails, and the width of the second support frame is equal to the distance between the two guide rails. In order to improve the bearing capacity of the outward extension of the support rail, a rib is arranged, one end of the rib is fixed on the first support frame, and the other end of the rib is fixed on the end part of the outward extension of the support rail.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the main guide rail is arranged at two sides of the bottom plate of the boxcar and extends along the length direction of the boxcar, the front part of the boxcar is provided with the front baffle plate, and the front side of the front baffle plate is provided with the baffle frame which is used for supporting the first support frame after the support column falls down at a certain angle.

The lower part of the bottom plate of the truck carriage is provided with two carriage girders which extend back and forth, a truck girder which penetrates through the vehicle body is further arranged between the two carriage girders, a swing hook which can be hung on the truck girder is hinged on the carriage girders, a shifting fork which is used for enabling the swing hook to be separated from the truck girder when a first supporting frame abuts against the blocking frame is hinged on the blocking frame, the lower end of the shifting fork is hinged with the upper end of the swing hook, and at the moment, the truck carriage can be tilted backwards, and cargoes in the carriage are poured out. The upper end of the swing hook is also fixed with a tension spring, one end of the tension spring is fixed on the front baffle plate, and under the action of the tension spring, when the support frame is separated from the baffle frame, the swing hook swings around the hinge point of the swing hook and hooks the girder of the truck again.

When the truck is in the driving process, if the equipment does not need to be fallen down, the equipment does not need to be fallen down.

A telescopic hydraulic jack is fixed at the lower part of the rear end of the main guide rail, and when the support frame is separated from the baffle frame, the hydraulic jack stretches out and abuts against the ground to play a role in stabilizing the vehicle body.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the driving structure III comprises two rollers I which are arranged at one end of the support frame II and can roll on one of the guide rails, two rollers II which are arranged at the other end of the support frame II and can roll on the other guide rail, a motor III and a speed reducer III, wherein a transmission rod which extends along the width direction of the support frame II is coaxially and fixedly connected to an output shaft of the speed reducer III, one roller is coaxially and fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission rod, and the other roller II is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the other end of the transmission rod.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the first support frame is fixedly provided with two racks II which are respectively and closely arranged with the support guide rail, the length of each rack II is equal to that of the support guide rail, the transmission rod is coaxially fixedly provided with two gears II, one of the gears II is meshed with one of the racks II, and the other gear II is meshed with the other rack II.

In the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device, the two auxiliary guide rails are respectively positioned on two sides of the second support frame, the second driving structure comprises a fourth motor, a fourth speed reducer and a rotating shaft which is coaxially and fixedly connected with a fourth output shaft of the speed reducer, one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a third roller which is in sliding fit with one auxiliary guide rail, and the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a fourth roller which is in sliding fit with the other auxiliary guide rail.

The square frame formed by the pulleys, the two support plates and the fixing rods is sleeved on the support rods and positioned on the part of the support rods positioned in the support cover, so that the aim of difficult falling off from the support rods is fulfilled. The pulley can roll on the supporting rod through manual adjustment, so that the direction of the lifted goods is changed, and the device has a wider application range.

In order to improve safety and service life of each motor, firstly, an induction switch and induction contacts are arranged between a moving trolley and a main guide rail, the induction contacts are respectively arranged at two ends of the main guide rail, and when the induction switch and the induction contacts sense in the moving process of the moving trolley, the second motor is stopped immediately. Similarly, the second moving position of the support frame is limited by arranging the inductive switch and the inductive contact between the second support frame and the secondary guide rail, and the second moving position of the lifting device is limited by arranging the inductive switch and the inductive contact between the lifting device and the secondary guide rail, so that the safety is improved, the service lives of the motors can be prolonged, and the safety accidents caused by collision are avoided.

Under the normal state, the piston rod of the oil cylinder is in a retracted state, the support column is inclined forwards, the first support frame is positioned on the baffle frame, the height of the whole self-loading and unloading equipment is basically equal to the height of a truck, the self-loading and unloading equipment can also enter along with the truck as long as the truck can enter a place, the application range is wide, and in addition, after the support column is inclined, the first support frame is completely positioned outside the truck carriage, and the self-loading and unloading of the truck carriage is not influenced when the self-loading and unloading equipment is not used; when the automatic loading and unloading device works, the piston rod of the oil cylinder stretches out to drive the support column to swing upwards, when the upper end of the support column is propped against the baffle of the first T-shaped plate and the lower end of the support column is propped against the baffle of the second T-shaped plate, the support column is in 90-degree vertical arrangement, the piston rod of the oil cylinder stops stretching outwards, meanwhile, the swing hook is pulled to hook the girder of the truck under the action of the tension spring, the hydraulic jack stretches out and is propped against the ground, the stability of the truck is improved, the overturning of the truck is prevented, and the stable lifting process of the automatic loading and unloading device can be effectively ensured.

The rear end of the branch guide rail outwards extends a distance, when the travelling bogie moves to the rear end of the main guide rail, the travelling bogie cannot continue to move, at the moment, the lifting position is enabled to continue to move backwards by moving the position of the second support frame on the branch guide rail, and therefore cargo on the ground of a parking space can be effectively lifted into a carriage of the truck, and the practicability is high.

The first support frame can move along the length direction of the boxcar, the lifting device can move along the length direction of the auxiliary guide rail (namely the width direction of the boxcar), goods can be accurately conveyed to any position in the boxcar, and the pulley can roll on the supporting rod through manual adjustment, so that the direction of the lifted goods is changed, the goods can be orderly and neatly arranged, and the lifting device has a wider application range.

Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional self-loading and unloading device has the following advantages:

1. the multifunctional packaging machine can be arranged on a transport vehicle and directly used in connection with a full-automatic packaging machine (patent number 201120491347.2) applied by the applicant, the multifunctional packaging machine is multifunctional equipment integrating packaging, transportation and loading and unloading, can directly replace matched equipment of the full-automatic packaging machine, can play the self-function, is directly matched with the full-automatic packaging machine to implement automatic bundling and shipment, and is used for automatic unloading and stacking of a terminal user, and the multifunctional packaging machine has the advantages of tidy package, accurate quantity and customized package height according to the use requirement of a user.

2. The equipment can also be matched with wharfs in various places and transfer stations to implement self-loading of bundling bags, self-entering of the bags, self-discharging of the bags, loading of the bags, and self-unloading and stacking of the bags when the bags are transported to a terminal site or other users; because the height of the vehicle can be reduced at will, the vehicle can lift the height at will to implement the operations of bundling, lifting goods, loading and unloading and stacking if the vehicle passes through the place with the height limitation without manual adjustment.

3. The two hooks are arranged on the steel wire rope, so that cargoes can be extracted to the highest position, the overall height of the self-loading and unloading equipment is reduced, loading and unloading of various types of flat plate type trucks and breast board type trucks can be met, the application range is wide, the space of a truck carriage is effectively utilized, and the transportation efficiency of the truck is improved; through inductive switch and the inductive contact that set up, can improve the security of hoist and mount greatly, still can improve the life of each motor, avoid the incident that causes because of the collision, guaranteed on-the-spot operation personnel's life safety.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a support column according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first driving structure provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an internal schematic view of a first driving structure provided by the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a part of the structure of an embodiment provided by the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving structure III in a first embodiment provided by the invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device provided by the invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the lifting device provided by the invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the lifting device provided by the invention.

In the figure, 1, a main guide rail; 2. a first supporting frame; 3. an auxiliary guide rail; 4. a lifting device; 5. a support cover; 6. a first motor; 7. a first speed reducer; 8. a reel; 9. a wire rope; 10. a support rod; 11. a hook; 12. a support rail; 13. a second supporting frame; 14. a moving trolley; 15. a pressure bearing wheel; 16. an auxiliary supporting wheel; 17. a second motor; 18. a second speed reducer; 19. a first rack; 20. a first gear; 21. a guide groove; 22. a first supporting plate; 23. a carrying wheel; 24. a second supporting plate; 25. a limiting wheel; 26. a support column; 27. t-shaped plate I; 28. a T-shaped plate II; 29. a synchronous support plate; 30. an oil cylinder; 31. a roller I; 32. a second roller; 33. a third motor; 34. a speed reducer III; 35. a transmission rod; 36. a second rack; 37. a second gear; 38. a pulley; 39. a support plate; 40. a fixed rod; 41. a blocking flange; 42. a boxcar; 43. a bottom plate; 44. a carriage girder; 45. a swinging hook; 46. a shifting fork; 47. a tension spring; 48. a hydraulic ram; 49. a fourth motor; 50. a speed reducer IV; 51. a rotating shaft; 52. a roller III; 53. a roller IV; 54. and a roller five.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

The lower part of the floor 43 of the freight car 42 shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4 has two car girders 44 extending back and forth, and a freight car girder provided through the vehicle body is further provided between the two car girders 44.

The multifunctional self-loading and unloading device as shown in fig. 1-4 comprises two main guide rails 1 which are arranged in parallel with each other and a first support frame 2 which is arranged on the two main guide rails 1 in a crossing manner, a first driving structure for driving the first support frame 2 to synchronously move along the two main guide rails 1 is arranged between the first support frame 2 and the first main guide rail 1, a second auxiliary guide rail 3 which is arranged perpendicular to the first main guide rail 1, a lifting device 4 which is arranged on the second auxiliary guide rail 3, and a second driving structure which is arranged between the lifting device 4 and the second auxiliary guide rail 3 and is used for driving the lifting device 4 to move along the second auxiliary guide rail 3, wherein the lifting device 4 comprises a supporting cover 5, a winding drum 8 which is transversely arranged in the supporting cover 5 and is driven by a first motor 6 and a first speed reducer 7, and a steel wire rope 9 which is fixed at one end and wound on the winding drum 8, a supporting rod 10 which is parallel to the winding drum 8 is arranged in the supporting cover 5 in a penetrating manner, the other end of the steel wire rope 9 is hung on the supporting rod 10, and two hooks 11 are sleeved on the part of the steel wire rope 9 between the supporting rod 10 and the winding drum 8.

In this embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 10, the two ends of the winding drum 8 are respectively provided with a blocking flange 41, in order to prevent the wire rope 9 from being blocked, the inner side surface of the blocking flange 41 at one end of the winding drum 8 is flush with one inner side wall of the supporting cover 5, the inner side surface of the blocking flange 41 at the other end of the winding drum 8 is flush with the other inner side wall of the supporting cover 5, and the wire rope 9 on the winding drum 8 is always positioned between the blocking flanges 41 at the two ends of the winding drum 8 under the limiting action of the inner side wall of the supporting cover 5 when the winding drum 8 works, so that no wire is blocked.

As shown in fig. 4, two parallel support rails 12, a second support rail 13 straddling the two support rails 12, and a third driving structure between the second support rail 13 and the support rail 12 for driving the second support rail 13 to move synchronously along the support rails 12 are fixed on the first support rail 2, the support rails 12 are parallel to the main guide rail 1, the same ends of the two support rails 12 extend outwards for an equal distance, and the auxiliary guide rail 3 is arranged on the second support rail 13.

When the first support frame 2 moves to the end of the main guide rail 1, the first support frame 13 can move on the second support frame 12 because the same ends of the second support frame 12 extend outwards for an equal distance, and when the second support frame 13 moves to the end of the second support frame 12, the projection of the second support frame 13 is located outside the main guide rail 1. The width of the first support frame 2 is equal to the distance between the two main guide rails 1, and the width of the second support frame 13 is equal to the distance between the two guide rails 12. In order to increase the load-carrying capacity of the outwardly extending portion of the branch rail 12, a rib may be provided, one end of which is fixed to the first support frame 2 and the other end of which is fixed to the end portion of the outwardly extending portion of the branch rail 12.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first driving structure is two and is respectively located at two ends of the first supporting frame 2, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first driving structure includes a moving trolley 14 disposed on the corresponding main guide rail 1 and extending along the length direction of the main guide rail 1, a pressing wheel 15, an auxiliary supporting wheel 16, a second motor 17 and a second speed reducer 18, which are respectively disposed at the lower parts of two ends of the moving trolley 14 and can roll on the main guide rail 1, the pressing wheel 15 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the second speed reducer 18, a first determining structure for positioning the moving trolley 14 at a specified position is disposed between the moving trolley 14 and the main guide rail 1, and the moving trolley 14 of the first driving structure moves or stops synchronously.

When the moving trolley 14 needs to be moved, the second motor 17 works to drive the output shaft of the second speed reducer 18 to output power, the pressure-bearing wheel 15 coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the second speed reducer 18 rolls along the main guide rail 1, and when the moving trolley moves to a designated position, the second motor 17 stops, and the moving trolley 14 is positioned on the main guide rail 1 under the action of the first fixed structure. When the reverse movement is needed, the motor II 17 rotates reversely, so that the rolling direction of the pressure-bearing wheel 15 is opposite, and the movable trolley 14 can be driven to move reversely. Because the moving trolley 14 of the first driving structure synchronously moves or stops, the two ends of the first supporting frame 2 synchronously move forwards or backwards, and the stability of the working process is ensured.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first fixed structure includes a first rack 19 disposed parallel to the main rail 1 and a first gear 20 coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the second speed reducer 18, and the first gear 20 is disposed in mesh with the first rack 19. A small gap is arranged between the first rack 19 and the main guide rail 1, or the first rack and the main guide rail are arranged in a leaning way. Under the action of the meshing of the first gear 20 and the first rack 19, when the first gear 20 stops rotating, the first gear can be positioned on the first rack 19 in real time, so that the pressure bearing wheel 15 is effectively prevented from continuing to roll on the main guide rail 1, and the positioning effect is good.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a side of the main guide rail 1 far away from the first rack 19 is provided with a guide groove 21 extending along the length direction, one end of the moving trolley 14, which is positioned on the auxiliary supporting wheel 16, is provided with a first supporting plate 22, the first supporting plate 22 is provided with a bearing wheel 23 capable of rolling in the guide groove 21, and the bearing wheel 23 is abutted against the upper side surface of the guide groove 21; one end of the movable trolley 14, which is positioned on the pressure bearing wheel 15, is provided with a second support plate 24, a limiting wheel 25 capable of rolling in the guide groove 21 is arranged on the second support plate 24, and the limiting wheel 25 is abutted against the upper side surface of the guide groove 21.

As shown in fig. 4, 1-2 support columns 26 are arranged between one end of the first support column 2 and one of the moving trolleys 14, 1-2 support columns 26 are also arranged between the other end of the first support column 2 and the other moving trolley 14, the upper ends of the support columns 26 are hinged with the first support column 2, and the lower ends of the support columns 26 are hinged with the corresponding moving trolley 14.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, one end of the support frame is provided with two support columns 26, the other end of the support frame is also provided with two support columns 26, the lower part of the support frame I2 is provided with a plurality of T-shaped plates I27 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns 26, and the upper ends of the support columns 26 are hinged on the corresponding T-shaped plates I27; the movable trolley 14 is provided with a second T-shaped plate 28 which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns 26, and the lower ends of the support columns 26 are hinged on the second T-shaped plate 28 which corresponds to the lower ends of the support columns.

As shown in fig. 7, the tee plate includes a baffle plate and a hinge plate disposed perpendicularly to the baffle plate, the baffle plate extends in a vertical direction, and functions as a positioning function in addition to reinforcing the hinge plate, and when the support column 26 abuts against the baffle plate, it is explained that the support column 26 is located at a position of 90 ° in the vertical direction. The baffles of the first tee plate 27 are oriented opposite to the baffles of the second tee plate 28.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the middle parts of two support columns 26 on the same moving trolley 14 are connected through two opposite synchronous support plates 29, one end of each synchronous support plate 29 is hinged with one support column 26, the other end of each synchronous support plate 29 is hinged with the other support column 26, an oil cylinder 30 is hinged on the support column 26 at the pressure bearing wheel 15, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder 30 is hinged with the end part of the outward extending section of the support guide rail 12. The hinge point of the cylinder 30 and the support column 26 is located at the synchronizing support plate 29, and part of the force borne by the cylinder 30 acts on one support column 26 and the other part acts on the other support column 26 through the synchronizing support plate 29.

As shown in fig. 2, the main guide rail 1 is provided at both sides of the bottom plate 43 of the truck box 42 and extends in the length direction of the truck box 42, and the front part of the truck box 42 is provided with a front striker plate, and the front side of the front striker plate is provided with a baffle frame for supporting the first support frame 2 when the support column 26 falls down at an angle. As shown in fig. 2, the carriage girder 44 is hinged with a swing hook 45 which can be hung on the truck girder, the baffle frame is hinged with a shifting fork 46 for separating the swing hook 45 from the truck girder when the first support frame 2 is abutted against the baffle frame, the lower end of the shifting fork 46 is hinged with the upper end of the swing hook 45, at the moment, the truck carriage 42 can be tilted backwards, and the goods in the carriage can be poured out. A tension spring 47 is also fixed at the upper end of the swing hook 45, one end of the tension spring 47 is fixed on the front baffle plate, and when the first support frame 2 is separated from the baffle frame under the action of the tension spring 47, the swing hook 45 swings around the hinge point and hooks the girder of the truck again.

As shown in fig. 1-4, a telescopic hydraulic ram 48 is fixed at the lower part of the rear end of the main guide rail 1, and when the first support frame 2 is separated from the baffle frame, the hydraulic ram 48 stretches out and abuts against the ground, so as to stabilize the vehicle body.

As shown in fig. 8, the third driving structure comprises two rollers 31 which are arranged at one end of the second supporting frame 13 and can roll on one of the branch guide rails 12, two rollers 32 which are arranged at the other end of the second supporting frame 13 and can roll on the other branch guide rail 12, a third motor 33 and a third speed reducer 34, wherein a transmission rod 35 which extends along the width direction of the second supporting frame 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected to an output shaft of the third speed reducer 34, one roller 31 is coaxially fixed at one end of the transmission rod 35, and one roller 32 is coaxially fixed at the other end of the transmission rod 35.

As shown in fig. 8, two racks two 36 which are respectively and closely arranged with the branch guide rail 12 are fixed on the first support frame 2, the length of the racks two 36 is equal to that of the branch guide rail 12, two gears two 37 are coaxially fixed on the transmission rod 35, one of the gears two 37 is meshed with one of the racks two 36, and the other gear two 37 is meshed with the other rack two 36.

As shown in fig. 8, the auxiliary guide rails 3 are two and are respectively located at two sides of the second support frame 13, the second driving structure comprises a fourth motor 49, a fourth speed reducer 50 and a rotating shaft 51 coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the fourth speed reducer 50, as shown in fig. 9, one end of the rotating shaft 51 is provided with a third roller 52 in sliding fit with one auxiliary guide rail 3, and the other end of the rotating shaft 51 is provided with a fourth roller 53 in sliding fit with the other auxiliary guide rail 3.

As shown in fig. 9, in order to ensure the balance of the supporting cover 5, an auxiliary shaft parallel to the rotating shaft 51 is further provided at the bottom of the supporting cover 5, and rollers five 54 capable of rolling in the two auxiliary guide rails 3 are provided at both ends of the auxiliary shaft.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the supporting rod 10 is provided with a pulley 38 capable of rolling on the upper portion of the supporting rod 10, two sides of the pulley 38 are respectively provided with a supporting plate 39 extending downwards, a fixing rod 40 positioned below the supporting rod 10 is fixed between the two supporting plates 39, and the other end of the steel wire rope 9 is fixed on the fixing rod 40.

The square frame formed by the pulley 38, the two support plates 39 and the fixing rod 40 is sleeved on the support rod 10 and is positioned on the part of the support rod 10 positioned in the support cover 5, so that the aim of being difficult to fall off from the support rod 10 is fulfilled. The pulley 38 can roll on the supporting rod 10 through manual adjustment, so that the direction of the lifted goods is changed, and the application range is wider.

In this embodiment, in order to improve the safety and the service life of each motor, first, an inductive switch and an inductive contact (the inductive contact is shown in fig. 2 and the inductive switch is shown in fig. 5, but not labeled) are disposed between the moving trolley 14 and the main guide rail 1, the inductive contacts are disposed at two ends of the main guide rail 1 respectively, and when the inductive switch and the inductive contact are sensed during the movement of the moving trolley 14, the second motor 17 is stopped immediately. Similarly, an inductive switch and an inductive contact are also arranged between the second support frame 13 and the branch guide rail 12 to limit the moving position of the second support frame 13, and the inductive switch and the inductive contact are also arranged between the lifting device 4 and the auxiliary guide rail 3 to limit the moving position of the lifting device 4, so that the safety is improved, the service lives of the motors are also prolonged, and the safety accidents caused by collision are avoided.

The self-loading and unloading equipment can hoist various packaged goods, and is especially suitable for the matching of the container. Can be used in combination with the container applied by the applicant before, realizes lifting, bundling and loading, does not need to be equipped with other matched machinery, and has low use cost. After being put into use, the special functions are generated in the field of bale transfer.

Example two

The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment except that the present self-loading and unloading apparatus is used on a container type truck in which the main guide rails 1 are provided at both sides of the top of the truck bed 42 and extend in the longitudinal direction of the truck bed 42. At this time, the support column 26 is not required, the first support frame 2 is directly arranged on the main guide rail 1 and is in transmission connection with the main guide rail 1 through the first driving structure, and the first driving structure has the same structure as the first embodiment.

Example III

The structural principle of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the present self-loading and unloading device is used on a large vehicle which does not have a reverse, and since the large vehicle cannot reverse the cabin, the swing hook 45, the fork 46, the tension spring 47, and the like do not need to be provided. That is, the self-loading and unloading device does not need to be laid down and can be directly moved to the front end of the boxcar 42 when not in use.

Example IV

The structural principle of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the present self-loading and unloading apparatus can be used for loading and unloading and lifting of a cargo ship, and the specific structure thereof is that the main guide rail 1 is disposed at both sides of the cargo ship, and the structure of the upper portion thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment comprises two main guide rails (1) which are arranged in parallel with each other and a first support frame (2) which is arranged on the two main guide rails (1) in a crossing manner, wherein a first driving structure for driving the first support frame (2) to synchronously move along the two main guide rails (1) is arranged between the first support frame (2) and the main guide rails (1), and the multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment is characterized in that a second auxiliary guide rail (3) which is perpendicular to the main guide rails (1), a lifting device (4) arranged on the second auxiliary guide rail (3) and a second driving structure which is arranged between the lifting device (4) and the second auxiliary guide rail (3) and used for driving the lifting device (4) to move along the second auxiliary guide rail (3) are arranged on the first support frame (2); the first driving structure comprises a first moving trolley (14) which is arranged on a main guide rail (1) corresponding to the first driving structure and extends along the length direction of the main guide rail (1), a pressure bearing wheel (15) which is respectively arranged at the lower parts of the two ends of the moving trolley (14) and can roll on the main guide rail (1), an auxiliary supporting wheel (16) and a second motor (17) as well as a second speed reducer (18), wherein the pressure bearing wheel (15) is coaxially fixed on an output shaft of the second speed reducer (18), a first fixed structure for positioning the moving trolley (14) at a designated position is arranged between the moving trolley (14) and the main guide rail (1), and the moving trolley (14) of the first driving structure moves or stops synchronously; 2 support columns (26) are arranged between one end of the support frame I (2) and one of the mobile trolleys (14), 2 support columns (26) are also arranged between the other end of the support frame I (2) and the other mobile trolley (14), a plurality of T-shaped plates I (27) which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns (26) are arranged at the lower part of the support frame I (2), and the upper ends of the support columns (26) are hinged on the T-shaped plates I (27) which are corresponding to the support columns; the movable trolley (14) is provided with a T-shaped plate II (28) which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support columns (26), and the lower ends of the support columns (26) are hinged on the T-shaped plate II (28) which is corresponding to the support columns; the middle parts of two support columns (26) positioned on the same moving trolley (14) are connected through two oppositely arranged synchronous support plates (29), one end of each synchronous support plate (29) is hinged with one support column (26), the other end of each synchronous support plate is hinged with the other support column (26), an oil cylinder (30) is hinged on the support column (26) positioned at the bearing wheel (15), and a piston rod of the oil cylinder (30) is hinged with the end part of the outward extending section of the branch guide rail (12).

2. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device (4) comprises a supporting cover (5), a winding drum (8) transversely penetrating the supporting cover (5) and driven by a motor I (6) and a speed reducer I (7), and a steel wire rope (9) with one end fixed on the winding drum (8), the other end of the steel wire rope (9) is fixed on the supporting cover (5), and at least one hook (11) is sleeved on the part of the steel wire rope (9) between the supporting cover (5) and the winding drum (8).

3. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting cover (5) is internally provided with a supporting rod (10) parallel to the winding drum (8), the supporting rod (10) is provided with a pulley (38) capable of rolling on the upper part of the supporting rod (10), two sides of the pulley (38) are respectively provided with a supporting plate (39) extending downwards, a fixing rod (40) positioned below the supporting rod (10) is fixed between the two supporting plates (39), and the other end of the steel wire rope (9) is fixed on the fixing rod (40).

4. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, wherein the fixed structure I comprises a rack I (19) which is arranged in parallel with the main guide rail (1) and a gear I (20) which is coaxially fixed on an output shaft of a speed reducer II (18), and the gear I (20) is meshed with the rack I (19); one side of the main guide rail (1) far away from the first rack (19) is provided with a guide groove (21) extending along the length direction of the main guide rail, one end of the movable trolley (14) positioned on the auxiliary supporting wheel (16) is provided with a first supporting plate (22), the first supporting plate (22) is provided with a bearing wheel (23) capable of rolling in the guide groove (21), and the bearing wheel (23) is abutted against the upper side surface of the guide groove (21); one end of the movable trolley (14) positioned on the pressure bearing wheel (15) is provided with a second supporting plate (24), the second supporting plate (24) is provided with a limiting wheel (25) capable of rolling in the guide groove (21), and the limiting wheel (25) is attached to the upper side face of the guide groove (21).

5. A multifunctional self-loading and unloading device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the first support frame (2) is fixed with two parallel support rails (12), the second support frame (13) is arranged on the two support rails (12) in a crossing manner, and the third drive structure is arranged between the second support frame (13) and the support rails (12) and used for driving the second support frame (13) to synchronously move along the support rails (12), the support rails (12) are arranged parallel to the main guide rail (1), the same ends of the two support rails (12) respectively extend outwards for an equal distance, and the second support frame (13) is provided with the auxiliary guide rail (3).

6. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading device according to claim 5, wherein the driving structure III comprises two rollers I (31) arranged at one end of the support frame II (13) and capable of rolling on one of the branch guide rails (12), two rollers II (32) arranged at the other end of the support frame II (13) and capable of rolling on the other branch guide rail (12), a motor III (33) and a speed reducer III (34), a transmission rod (35) extending along the width direction of the support frame II (13) is coaxially and fixedly connected to an output shaft of the speed reducer III (34), one roller I (31) is coaxially fixed at one end of the transmission rod (35), and one roller II (32) is coaxially fixed at the other end of the transmission rod (35).

7. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading device according to claim 6, wherein two racks two (36) which are respectively and closely arranged with the branch guide rail (12) are fixed on the first support frame (2), the length of the racks two (36) is equal to that of the branch guide rail (12), two gears two (37) are coaxially fixed on the transmission rod (35), one of the gears two (37) is meshed with one of the racks two (36), and the other gear two (37) is meshed with the other rack two (36).

8. The multifunctional self-loading and unloading device according to claim 5, wherein the number of the auxiliary guide rails (3) is two, the auxiliary guide rails are respectively located at two sides of the second support frame (13), the second driving structure comprises a fourth motor (49), a fourth speed reducer (50) and a rotating shaft (51) coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the fourth speed reducer (50), one end of the rotating shaft (51) is provided with a third roller (52) in sliding fit with one of the auxiliary guide rails (3), and the other end of the rotating shaft (51) is provided with a fourth roller (53) in sliding fit with the other auxiliary guide rail (3).