CN106825894A - A kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body - Google Patents
A kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106825894A CN106825894A CN201710036447.8A CN201710036447A CN106825894A CN 106825894 A CN106825894 A CN 106825894A CN 201710036447 A CN201710036447 A CN 201710036447A CN 106825894 A CN106825894 A CN 106825894A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- core body
- exchanger core
- welding
- cover board
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/001—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by extrusion or drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body, comprise the following steps:(1) welding pretreatment:The heat exchanger core body feeding diffusion brazier that will be assembled, will be evacuated under 0.01Pa in stove;(2) diffusion welding (DW):800 850 DEG C are warmed up to 15 20 DEG C/min speed, 30min is incubated;1,100 1150 DEG C then are warmed up to 10 15 DEG C/min speed, 3h is incubated, pressure applied 8 9.5MPa, rear 1h are reduced to 4 6MPa before preceding 2h keeps;Subsequent vacuum cooled is to room temperature;(3) post weld heat treatment:Heat exchanger core temperature is increased to 1,150 2000 DEG C, is incubated more than 20h, then lowered the temperature in water quenching mode.The present invention is controlled by welding temperature, diffusion time, pressure and other parameters, while adding heat treatment step after diffusion welding (DW), reduces the brittlement phase easily occurred in diffusion welding (DW), improves the quality of the welding point of heat exchanger core body.
Description
Technical field
It is suitable for petrochemical industry, Aero-Space, gas turbine, HTGR etc. with high temperature the present invention relates to one kind
The stainless heat exchanger in high pressure service demand field, concretely relates to the diffusion welding craft method of the heat exchanger core body.
Background technology
Compact efficient heat exchanger is widely used in fields such as petrochemical industry, Aero-Space.In special Service Environment, such as high temperature
HTGR, heat exchanger service temperature has reached about 600 DEG C, and pressure has reached about 7MPa, in addition it is also necessary to bear cyclic thermal stres, and tool
There are high heat-exchanging performance, compactedness, these requirements limit use of the compact efficient heat exchanger under similar bad working environments.Plate wing
Formula heat exchanger is formed by superposition soldering, and HTHP service ability is limited, and the printed circuit sheet heat exchanger of diffusion welding (DW) shows
Carry out excellent high temperature high voltage resistant characteristic, thus increase the high temperature high voltage resistant ability of printed circuit sheet heat exchanger and improve heat transfer system
Number, it is significant.
Diffusion welding (DW) is welding surface is contacted with each other under certain temperature and pressure, by micro-plastic deformation or is passed through
The micro liquid phase that is produced on welding surface and expand the physical contact of welding surface, then the atom by the long period is mutual
A kind of welding method to realize combining is spread, mainly by controlling the technological parameters such as welding temperature, diffusion time, pressure come real
It is existing.Weld interval is elongated, and joint welded rate is improved, but long soaking time can make joint area generate brittlement phase, and leads
Joint mechanical property is caused to decline.Pressure becomes big and is conducive to improving welding quality, but too high pressure easily causes deformation of core,
Therefore diffusion welding craft is very big by these effects of process parameters.Because stainless steel diffusion welding (DW) temperature is very high, in the present context very
The rare clamp pressure to stabilization, diffusion welding (DW) warming and cooling rate is influenceed larger, assembly precision not high by frock, and stainless steel expands
Dissipate during welding and easily brittlement phase occur, these all easily produce weld defects, cause yield rate to reduce.
The content of the invention
Based on above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body.
The adopted technical solution is that:
A kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body, comprises the following steps:
(1) welding pretreatment:To assemble heat exchanger core body feeding diffusion brazier, will be evacuated in stove 0.01Pa it
Under;
(2) diffusion welding (DW):800-850 DEG C is warmed up to 15-20 DEG C/min speed, 30min is incubated;Then with 10-15 DEG C/
Min speed is warmed up to 1100-1150 DEG C, is incubated 3h, and pressure applied 8-9.5MPa, rear 1h are reduced to 4- before preceding 2h keeps
6MPa;Subsequent vacuum cooled is to room temperature;
(3) post weld heat treatment:Heat exchanger core temperature is increased to 1150-2000 DEG C, is incubated more than 20h, then with water
Quenching mode is lowered the temperature.
In above-mentioned steps (1), heat exchanger core body is processed by 617 alloys.
Preferably, in step (1):The heat exchanger core body include upper metal cover board, lower metal cover board and several in the middle of
Metallic plate, is longitudinally etched on the top bottom two sides of the bottom surface of upper metal cover board, the top surface of lower metal cover board and intermetallic metal plate
Half borehole structure, lateral etches the second semicircle pore structure, on upper metal cover board, several intermetallic metal plates and lower metal cover board
Under stack assembling successively;After being completed, between neighbouring intermetallic metal plate, the top intermetallic metal plate and upper metal cover board
Between and the first semicircle pore structure between bottom intermetallic metal plate and lower metal cover board is corresponding is combined into the first circular hole,
Two semicircle pore structures correspondence is combined into the second circular hole.
Preferably, the upper metal cover board, lower metal cover board and several intermetallic metal plates are to be processed to make by 617 alloys
Into.
Preferably, the heat exchanger core body is assembled in welding tooling, the welding tooling include top cover, base,
Assembling jig and pressure control mass, the assembling jig and base detachable connection, stack heat exchanger core body in assembling jig
Part, is connected by screw bolts between base and top cover, is provided with the top of bolt for being supplied to heat exchanger core body component pre-
The clamp nut of clamp force, is provided with pressure control hole in the middle part of top cover, and movable pressing board, the pressure control quality are provided with pressure control hole
Block is placed on the top of movable pressing board, and locating rod is additionally provided between the top cover and base, in top cover and the edge of base
The location hole being adapted with locating rod is provided with, assembling process is carried out according to the following steps:
Assembling jig is loaded base, and installation bolt by a;
B is sequentially overlapped lower metal cover board, intermetallic metal plate and upper metal cover board from bottom to up in assembling jig, and puts
Put locating rod;
Top cover is directed at locating rod and bolt by c, and nut is installed with torque-indicating wrench;
D takes out assembling jig;
E places movable pressing board and pressure control mass.
Preferably, the upper metal cover board, lower metal cover board and intermetallic metal the plate electricity consumption before using welding tooling assembling
Deposition process adds 3.5 μm of pure-nickel-layers on surface.
Preferably, in step (3):The post weld heat treatment is carried out in vacuum high temperature furnace.
The method have the benefit that:
(1) present invention proposes a set of diffusion welding craft, and the technique includes welding temperature, diffusion time, pressure and other parameters
Control, while adding diffusion post weld heat treatment, reduces the brittlement phase easily occurred in diffusion welding (DW), improves heat exchanger core body
Welding point quality.
(2) present invention devises a kind of compact efficient heat exchanger core body, and the heat exchanger being made of the heat exchanger core body is resistance to
HTHP excellent performance, while having high heat-transfer performance, can meet the demand of special dimension.
(3) present invention have also been devised the Welder of the assembly welding one for being used for diffusion welding (DW) for above-mentioned heat exchanger core body
Dress, the frock can meet assembly precision requirement, while providing the pressure of stabilization at a temperature of the high-temperature soldering of diffusion welding (DW), reduce
Deformation of core, to meet welding requirements, improves yield rate, and core body in welding can rapid temperature rise and drop, reduce welding
The influence of frock.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of heat exchanger core body intermetallic metal plate involved in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of metal cover board on heat exchanger core body involved in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of metal cover board under heat exchanger core body involved in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation after heat exchanger core body combination involved in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the overall structure diagram of welding tooling involved in the present invention, shows not adding the situation of core body in figure;
Fig. 6 is the overall structure diagram of welding tooling involved in the present invention, shows to add the situation of core body in figure;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of top cover in welding tooling involved in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of base in welding tooling involved in the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of assembling jig in welding tooling involved in the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of pressure control mass in welding tooling involved in the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the bolt used in welding tooling involved in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of diffusion welding craft method of stainless heat exchanger core body, by the process and combine
Self-control welding tooling can be very good to improve the quality of welding point, reduce weld defect, improve yield rate.Meanwhile, the present invention
Also the structure of heat exchanging device core body has carried out unique design, and the heat exchanger prepared using the heat exchanger core body has heat exchange very high
Efficiency and compactedness, can be on active service at high temperature under high pressure, be adapted to be used under special occasions.
Before the explanation for being diffused Welding, it is necessary to which the structure of first heat exchanging device core body and self-control welding tooling is entered
Row is discussed in detail.
As Figure 1-4, a kind of compact efficient heat exchanger core body, including upper metal cover board 1, lower metal cover board 2 and some
Individual intermetallic metal plate 3.It is equal on the top bottom two sides of the bottom surface of upper metal cover board 1, the top surface of lower metal cover board 2 and intermetallic metal plate 3
The first semicircle pore structure 4 of longitudinal direction etching, the second semicircle of lateral etches pore structure 5.Upper metal cover board 1, several intermetallic metal plates 3
Stacked successively about 2 with lower metal cover board.Stack combination after, as shown in figure 4, between neighbouring intermetallic metal plate, the top
The first semicircle orifice knot between intermetallic metal plate and upper metal cover board and between bottom intermetallic metal plate and lower metal cover board
Structure correspondence is combined into the first circular hole, and the second semicircle pore structure correspondence is combined into the second circular hole.The aperture of the first circular hole is more than second
The aperture of circular hole.
Above-mentioned first semicircle pore structure 4 is in the bottom surface of upper metal cover board 1, the top surface of lower metal cover board 2 and intermetallic metal plate 3
Top bottom two sides lay at equal intervals, between adjacent first semicircle pore structure 4 formed separate spine 6, the second semicircle pore structure 5
Laid at equal intervals on spine 6 is separated.
Above-mentioned upper metal cover board 1, lower metal cover board 2 and several intermetallic metal plates 3 are processed into by 617 alloys
's.
The each element content of 617 alloys is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
Each part of heat exchanger core body (upper metal cover board 1, lower metal cover board 2 and intermetallic metal plate 3) designed by the present invention
Using the semicircle pore structure of laterally and longitudinally equal chemical etching, thus there is the very strong ability for destroying boundary layer, fluid can be strengthened
Disturbance, improve heat exchange property.After heat exchanger core body combination simultaneously, the first semicircle pore structure is combined into the first circular hole hole knot
Structure, the second semicircle pore structure is combined into the second circular hole pore structure, due to smooth circular hole pore structure, is conducive to reducing stress collection
In, thus with the ability of good high temperature high voltage resistant.
Because welding temperature is at 1120 DEG C or so, only tools for bolts ' pretension or spring pre-tightening can not meet stabilization in diffusion welding (DW)
Pressure requirements, it is higher to assembly precision requirement simultaneously because the MCA of the grade of the second semicircle pore structure 5 so that
New welding tooling.
As shown in Figure 11-Figure 5, a kind of welding tooling, for the assembly welding of above-mentioned compact efficient heat exchanger core body, including top
Lid 7, base 8, assembling jig 9 and pressure control mass 10.The assembling jig 9 is detachable connection with base 8, in assembling jig
Each part of heat exchanger core body is stacked in 9 (be sequentially placed lower metal cover board 2, intermetallic metal plate 3 and upper metal cover board from bottom to up
1), connected using bolt 11 between base 8 and top cover 7, be provided with for being supplied to heat exchanger core body portion at the top of bolt 11
The clamp nut of part pretightning force.The middle part of top cover 7 is provided with pressure control hole, movable pressing board 12 is provided with pressure control hole, be used for
Place pressure control mass 10.The pressure control mass 10 is placed on the top of movable pressing board 12.Pressure control mass 10 is used to adjust
Pressure, because the pretightning force of bolt easily relaxes in the case where high temperature is welded, at this moment needs to adjust pressure using pressure control mass,
The welding later stage can also reduce the pressure of pressure control mass applying, so be conducive to reducing deformation of core, improve welding quality.
As to further design of the invention, locating rod 13 is additionally provided between the top cover 7 and base 8, in top cover 7
The location hole 14 being adapted with locating rod 13 is provided with the edge of base 8.Locating rod 13 is passed through from location hole 14, can be with
Prevent top cover 7 and base 8 from misplacing in the horizontal direction.
Further, above-mentioned assembling jig 9 includes base plate 901, is vertically provided with the top periphery of base plate 901 some
Individual spacing straight panel 902 and spacing gusset 903, spacing straight panel 902 and spacing gusset 903 are crowded around into for being adapted to place heat exchanger core
The space of each part of body.Be provided with the straight hole 801 being adapted with spacing straight panel 902 on base 8, and with spacing gusset 903
The corner apertures 802 being adapted.Assembling jig is connected with base using the detachable mode of grafting.
Further, the bolt 11 includes the first cylinder 1101 and the second cylinder 1102, the bottom of the first cylinder 1101
It is fixedly connected with base 8, the top of the first cylinder 1101 is connected with the bottom of the second cylinder 1102, the office on the second cylinder 1102
Position installs the external screw thread for being equipped with and being adapted with nut.The diameter with diameter greater than the second cylinder 1102 of the first cylinder 1101,
The junction of the first cylinder 1101 and the second cylinder 1102 is formed with limiting stand.The bolt 11 can give certain pretightning force,
So that each plate body of composition heat exchanger core body is closely connected, while setting thickness two parts, limiting stand is formed with, can prevented
In welding process, the excessive deformation of each plate body in vertical direction of heat exchanger core body is constituted.
Further, the base 8 and movable pressing board 12 are designed using hollow out, under conditions of intensity is not influenceed,
The thermal capacity of frock is reduced, the speed of the cooling that heats up is improve, weld defect is reduced.
The diffusion welding craft of present invention heat exchanger core body, comprises the following steps:
(1) welding pretreatment:The heat exchanger core body feeding diffusion brazier that will be assembled, will be evacuated to before diffusion welding (DW) in stove
Under 0.01Pa.
(2) diffusion welding (DW):800-850 DEG C is warmed up to 15-20 DEG C/min speed, 30min is incubated so that each position temperature of core body
Degree is uniform;1100-1150 DEG C then is warmed up to 10-15 DEG C/min speed, with the optimal welding temperature that this temperature is 617 alloys
Degree, is incubated about 3h, and pressure applied 8-9.5MPa, rear 1h are reduced to 4-6MPa before preceding 2h keeps, and so contributes to reduce
Deformation of core, improves welding quality;Subsequent the rapid vacuum cooling is to room temperature.
(3) post weld heat treatment:Heat exchanger core temperature is increased to 1150-2000 DEG C in vacuum high temperature furnace, insulation is super
20h is crossed, then with water quenching mode fast cooling, to reduce joint brittlement phase, welding joint mechanical property is improved.
The total process of welding to present invention heat exchanger core body is illustrated below:
1. each metallic plate of heat exchanger core body (upper metal cover board 1, lower metal cover board 2 and gold in the middle of several pair are assembled into
Category plate 3) surface carries out conventional removing oxide layer, oil removing, cleaning, drying and processing.
2. in the surface Means of Electrodeposition addition of upper metal cover board 1, lower metal cover board 2 and several intermetallic metal plates 3
About 3.5 μm of pure-nickel-layers.
3. assemble:With the assembly welding one frock voluntarily developed, firm grip after metallic plate assembling is carried out, to prevent gold
Dislocation between category plate, and the regulation of power can be clamped according to diffusion welding craft requirement, it is ensured that the quality of welding.Specific step
It is rapid as follows:
Assembling jig is loaded base, and installation bolt by a.
B is sequentially overlapped lower metal cover board, intermetallic metal plate and upper metal cover board from bottom to up in assembling jig, and puts
Put locating rod.
Top cover is directed at locating rod and bolt by c, and wherein bolt lower end relatively thick, upper end is thinner, is set on narrower portion top
Partial threads, nut is installed with torque-indicating wrench, gives assembling jig certain chucking power.
D takes out assembling jig.
E places movable pressing board and pressure control mass.
4. diffusion welding (DW):
(1) the heat exchanger core body feeding diffusion brazier that will be assembled, will be evacuated under 0.01Pa before diffusion welding (DW) in stove.
(2) 800-850 DEG C is warmed up to 15-20 DEG C/min speed, is incubated 30min so that each spot temperature of core body is uniform;
1100-1150 DEG C/min is warmed up to 10-15 DEG C/min afterwards, with the optimal welding temperature that this temperature is 617 alloys, insulation is about
3h, 1100-1150 DEG C of heat preservation zone, pressure applied 8-9.5MPa before preceding 2h holdings, rear 1h is reduced to 4-6MPa, so has
Help reduce deformation of core, atom is fully spread, improve welding quality;Early stage pressure is higher, and joint interface can be made tight
With reference to, interfacial contact area is improved, later stage reduction helps to reduce the overall deformation of core body, improves welding quality.Insulation
After the completion of, the rapid vacuum cooling to room temperature.
(3) post weld heat treatment, at 1150-2000 DEG C or so, is incubated more than 20h, with water quenching mode fast cooling, to subtract
Brittlement phase at few joint interface, improves welding joint mechanical property.
Above-mentioned PWHT procedures are carried out in vacuum high temperature furnace.
Using water quenching cooling method and stove be cold and air cools down power to final finished in above-mentioned PWHT procedures
Performance impact is learned, Data Comparison is as shown in table 2 below, keep other conditions consistent.
Table 2
Correction data in table 2 can be seen that cold compared to stove by the way of water quenching fast cooling and air is cold
But it is remarkably improved the mechanical property of final finished.
The relevant technology contents do not addressed in aforesaid way take or use for reference prior art to be capable of achieving.
It should be noted that under the teaching of this specification, any equivalent substitute side done by those skilled in the art
Formula, or obvious variant, all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) welding pretreatment:The heat exchanger core body feeding diffusion brazier that will be assembled, will be evacuated under 0.01Pa in stove;
(2) diffusion welding (DW):800-850 DEG C is warmed up to 15-20 DEG C/min speed, 30min is incubated;Then with 10-15 DEG C/min speed
Rate is warmed up to 1100-1150 DEG C, is incubated 3h, and pressure applied 8-9.5MPa, rear 1h are reduced to 4-6MPa before preceding 2h keeps;
Subsequent vacuum cooled is to room temperature;
(3) post weld heat treatment:Heat exchanger core temperature is increased to 1150-2000 DEG C, is incubated more than 20h, then with water quenching
Mode is lowered the temperature.
2. the diffusion welding craft of a kind of heat exchanger core body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1):It is described
Heat exchanger core body includes upper metal cover board, lower metal cover board and several intermetallic metal plates, in the bottom surface of upper metal cover board, lower gold
The top bottom two sides of the top surface and intermetallic metal plate that belong to cover plate longitudinally etches the first semicircle pore structure, the semicircle orifice of lateral etches second
Structure, upper metal cover board, several intermetallic metal plates and lower metal cover board stack assembling successively up and down;After being completed, up and down
Between adjacent intermetallic metal plate, between the top intermetallic metal plate and upper metal cover board and bottom intermetallic metal plate and lower gold
The first semicircle pore structure correspondence between category cover plate is combined into the first circular hole, and the second semicircle pore structure correspondence is combined into the second circle
Hole.
3. the diffusion welding craft of a kind of heat exchanger core body according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The upper crown cap
Plate, lower metal cover board and several intermetallic metal plates are processed into by 617 alloys.
4. a kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat exchanger core body
Assembled in welding tooling, the welding tooling includes top cover, base, assembling jig and pressure control mass, the assembling
Fixture and base detachable connection, stack heat exchanger core body component in assembling jig, are connected using bolt between base and top cover
Connect, the clamp nut for being supplied to heat exchanger core body component pretightning force is provided with the top of bolt, set in the middle part of top cover
Pressure control hole is equipped with, movable pressing board is provided with pressure control hole, the pressure control mass is placed on the top of movable pressing board, the top
Locating rod is additionally provided between lid and bottom seat, the location hole being adapted with locating rod is provided with the edge of top cover and base,
Assembling process is carried out according to the following steps:
Assembling jig is loaded base, and installation bolt by a;
B is sequentially overlapped lower metal cover board, intermetallic metal plate and upper metal cover board from bottom to up in assembling jig, and places fixed
Position bar;
Top cover is directed at locating rod and bolt by c, and nut is installed with torque-indicating wrench;
D takes out assembling jig;
E places movable pressing board and pressure control mass.
5. a kind of diffusion welding craft of heat exchanger core body according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the upper crown cap
Plate, lower metal cover board and intermetallic metal the plate Means of Electrodeposition before using welding tooling assembling add 3.5 μm of pure nickels on surface
Layer.
6. the diffusion welding craft of a kind of heat exchanger core body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3):It is described
Post weld heat treatment is carried out in vacuum high temperature furnace.
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CN108637421A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of plate-fin heat exchanger brazing jig |
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