CN106825885A - A kind of connection method of TZM alloys and WRe alloys under electric field-assisted - Google Patents
A kind of connection method of TZM alloys and WRe alloys under electric field-assisted Download PDFInfo
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- CN106825885A CN106825885A CN201710103822.6A CN201710103822A CN106825885A CN 106825885 A CN106825885 A CN 106825885A CN 201710103822 A CN201710103822 A CN 201710103822A CN 106825885 A CN106825885 A CN 106825885A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
The invention discloses the connection method of the TZM alloys under a kind of electric field-assisted and WRe alloys, it is on the premise of without intermediate layer, electric field-assisted diffusion is carried out to TZM alloys and WRe alloys using discharge plasma sintering system to be connected, so as to obtain the connector of TZM alloys and WRe alloys.Can obtain that intensity is high, forming TZM WRe different alloys connectors by connection method of the invention, joint room temperature three-point bending strength reaches as high as 935MPa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of connection method of xenogenesis high temperature alloy, more particularly to a kind of TZM alloys and WRe alloys company
Connect method.
Background technology
TZM alloys have that fusing point is high, intensity is big, elastic modelling quantity is high, linear expansion coefficient is small, steam is forced down, electrical and thermal conductivity
The features such as good, strong corrosion stability and good mechanical behavior under high temperature, its excellent mechanical performances for showing at high temperature under high pressure makes it
Using more, distribution valve body, rocket nozzle, gas pipeline, jet pipe throat lining such as in torpedo engine in war industry.W-Re
Alloy has a series of premium properties, such as high-melting-point, high intensity, high rigidity, high-ductility, recrystallization temperature high, high resistivity, low
Vapour pressure, low electron work functon and inductile brittle transition temperature etc..Particular, it is important that tungsten-rhenium alloy has excellent high temperature
Mechanical property, becomes the superhigh temperature structural material used under the conditions of 2000 DEG C.TZM alloys are effectively connected with WRe alloys,
It is to expand the key that high temperature alloy is applied in aerospace field.
However, because the physics of both materials, chemical property difference are big (such as different melting points are big) so that between the two
Connection is extremely difficult.High temperature alloy is mainly realized using melting welding, soldering, diffusion welding and partial transient liquid at present
Connection.But there are many deficiencies in these methods：It is difficult to be obtained the joint of high bond strength；Cleannes to metalwork surface and set
Standby vacuum level requirements are very high；Temperature needed for diffusion welding and partial transient liquid is high, soaking time is long, causes between the two
Connection is time-consuming, power consumption；Melting welding is easily cracked；Although soldering connection temperature is relatively low, because the fusing point of solder is generally relatively low,
Therefore soldering is difficult to that the joint that can be used at high temperature is obtained.
Discharge plasma sintering (SPS) be using flash DC current flow through powder or mould produce Joule heat and to powder
End carries out a kind of new method of rapidly solidified shaping.The method can significantly reduce forming temperature and curring time, and produce etc. from
A series of special effectses such as son activation, discharge impact pressure and electric field-assisted diffusion effect, it is considered to be prepare fine grain, nanometer crystal block
A kind of very effective cost effective method of body material.With the further investigation to SPS, it is found that it not only has in powder sintered
The advantage that conventional method cannot go beyond, and also has the advantage of uniqueness in Joining Technology.SPS Joining Technologies are will to need to connect
The material for connecing is put between two electrodes, applies to be passed through pulsed direct current while pressure, and its connection circle is made using SPS effects
Face produces atoms permeating and the Joining Technology that carries out.Compared with traditional solid-state diffusion is welded, the advantage of SPS solid-state diffusions welding
Not exclusively the rate of heat addition is fast, energy consumption is low；Significantly SPS is in the temperature field needed for conventional solid Diffusion Welding and stress
Electric field is introduced on the basis of.In the presence of electric field, electromigration effect can accelerate material to spread.Therefore, using SPS technologies
It is expected to be realized in lower temperature and in the short period the effective connection to TZM alloys and WRe alloys.
The content of the invention
For existing high temperature alloy, especially TZM alloys and the weak point of WRe alloy interconnection techniques, mesh of the invention
Be by discharge plasma sintering technique be used for high temperature alloy solid-state diffusion connect, there is provided the TZM under a kind of electric field-assisted
Alloy and the connection method of WRe alloys, promote atoms permeating, and then improve the mechanics of welding point while reducing connection temperature
Performance.
The present invention solves technical problem, adopts the following technical scheme that：
The connection method of a kind of TZM alloys under electric field-assisted and WRe alloys, its feature is：Without middle mistake
On the premise of crossing layer, electric field-assisted diffusion is carried out to TZM alloys and WRe alloys using discharge plasma sintering system and is connected, from
And obtain the connector of TZM alloys and WRe alloys；Specifically include following steps：
Step 1,
TZM alloys and WRe alloys to be connected is taken, the surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys carries out pre-grinding, throwing
Light and it is cleaned by ultrasonic and is vacuum dried；
Step 2,
Graphite jig is taken, the graphite jig includes seaming chuck, push-down head and graphite former；
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 10~40MPa；
Heating rate is 20~300 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1400~1700 DEG C；
Soaking time is 10~180min；
Rate of temperature fall is 2~40 DEG C/min；
The connector of TZM alloys and WRe alloys is obtained after cooling.
When the connection temperature is 1400~1700 DEG C, the DC-pulse current density that correspondence applies for 850~
1600A/cm2。
The connection temperature is preferably 1450~1600 DEG C；Soaking time is preferably 30~90min.The rate of temperature fall from
Target temperature is down in 1000 DEG C of interval and is preferably 2~15 DEG C/min, and 10~40 are preferably in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
DEG C/min, less than 600 DEG C furnace coolings..
In step 1, by using #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, #2000 abrasive paper for metallograph right respectively successively
TZM alloys carry out pre-grinding with the surface to be connected of WRe alloys, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；The TZM for handling well is closed
Gold is not more than 0.1mm with the flatness on the surface to be connected of WRe alloys, and roughness is not more than 0.1 μm.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
1st, the present invention realizes quick effective connection of TZM alloys and WRe alloys using discharge plasma sintering technique, with
Traditional Joining Technology is compared, and the method connection temperature is low, soaking time is short, energy consumption is low, low to the requirement of equipment vacuum degree, and
In the case of without any activation intermediate layer, atoms permeating is promoted by the electromigration effect under electric field-assisted, realized
The efficient connection of TZM and WRe different alloys；Using the close mother of the intensity of TZM alloys obtained in the method and WRe alloy connectors
The 90% of material intensity, and significantly improve the high-temperature behavior and service life of welding point.
2nd, present invention optimizes TZM alloys and the SPS Joining Technologies of WRe alloys, when axial compressive force, heating rate, connection
Temperature, soaking time and rate of temperature fall be respectively preferably 20MPa, 100 DEG C/min, 1500 DEG C, 30min and 10~20 DEG C/min
When (rate of temperature fall is 10 DEG C/min in 1000~1500 DEG C of intervals, is 20 DEG C/min in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals), more can be abundant
The advantage of the Joining Technology is played, crystalline substance of the mother metal in recrystallization process is effectively suppressed while ensureing to have sufficiently thick diffusion layer
Grain length is big.
Specific embodiment
By following examples, the invention will be further described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
TZM alloys used and WRe alloys are processing state in the following embodiments；TZM alloying components be 0.4~
The C of the Ti of 0.6wt.%, the Zr of 0.07~0.12wt.% and 0.01~0.04wt.%, remaining is Mo (disregarding impurity content),
Average grain size is 100 μm；WRe alloying components are the Re of 24~26wt.%, and remaining is W (disregarding impurity content), average brilliant
Particle size is 10 μm.
Discharge plasma sintering stove used be LABOX-350 electric discharges of Japanese Sinter Land inc companies production etc. from
Sub- sintering system, its current type is DC pulse current, and pulse train is 40:7；
The internal diameter of graphite jig used is Φ 11mm.
Embodiment 1
The SPS diffusion connections of the present embodiment TZM alloys and WRe alloys are carried out as follows：
Step 1,
Surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys uses #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # successively
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；TZM alloys surface to be connected after treatment it is flat
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.09mm and 0.05 μm, the flatness and roughness point on the WRe alloys surface to be connected after treatment
Wei 0.1mm and 0.08 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 10MPa；
Heating rate is 300 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1700 DEG C；
Soaking time is 10min；
Rate of temperature fall is 15 DEG C/min in 1000~1700 DEG C of intervals, is 40 DEG C/min, 600 in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
Furnace cooling below DEG C.
TZM-WRe alloy connectors are obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of joint is 582MPa.
Embodiment 2
The SPS diffusion connections of the present embodiment TZM alloys and WRe alloys are carried out as follows：
Step 1,
Surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys uses #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # successively
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；TZM alloys surface to be connected after treatment it is flat
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.08mm and 0.06 μm, the flatness and roughness point on the WRe alloys surface to be connected after treatment
Wei 0.09mm and 0.1 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 20MPa；
Heating rate is 200 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1600 DEG C；
Soaking time is 30min；
Rate of temperature fall is 12 DEG C/min in 1000~1600 DEG C of intervals, is 30 DEG C/min, 600 in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
Furnace cooling below DEG C.
TZM-WRe alloy connectors are obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of joint is 750MPa.
Embodiment 3
The SPS diffusion connections of the present embodiment TZM alloys and WRe alloys are carried out as follows：
Step 1,
Surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys uses #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # successively
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；TZM alloys surface to be connected after treatment it is flat
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.06mm and 0.07 μm, the flatness and roughness point on the WRe alloys surface to be connected after treatment
Wei 0.09mm and 0.05 μm.
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 20MPa；
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1500 DEG C；
Soaking time is 30min；
Rate of temperature fall is 10 DEG C/min in 1000~1500 DEG C of intervals, is 20 DEG C/min, 600 in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
Furnace cooling below DEG C.
TZM-WRe alloy connectors are obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending of joint is 935MPa.
Embodiment 4
The SPS diffusion connections of the present embodiment TZM alloys and WRe alloys are carried out as follows：
Step 1,
Surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys uses #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # successively
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；TZM alloys surface to be connected after treatment it is flat
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.07mm and 0.06 μm, the flatness and roughness point on the WRe alloys surface to be connected after treatment
Wei 0.05mm and 0.08 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa；
Heating rate is 80 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1500 DEG C；
Soaking time is 120min；
Rate of temperature fall is 8 DEG C/min in 1000~1500 DEG C of intervals, is 16 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
Following furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connectors are obtained after cooling, the three-point bending strength of joint is 870MPa.
Embodiment 5
The SPS diffusion connections of the present embodiment TZM alloys and WRe alloys are carried out as follows：
Step 1,
Surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys uses #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # successively
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；TZM alloys surface to be connected after treatment it is flat
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.07mm and 0.07 μm, the flatness and roughness point on the WRe alloys surface to be connected after treatment
Wei 0.06mm and 0.1 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa；
Heating rate is 50 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1600 DEG C；
Soaking time is 90min；
Rate of temperature fall is 2 DEG C/min in 1000~1600 DEG C of intervals, is 10 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
Following furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connectors are obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of joint is 693MPa.
Embodiment 6
The SPS diffusion connections of the present embodiment TZM alloys and WRe alloys are carried out as follows：
Step 1,
Surface to be connected to TZM alloys and WRe alloys uses #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # successively
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；TZM alloys surface to be connected after treatment it is flat
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.09mm and 0.08 μm, the flatness and roughness point on the WRe alloys surface to be connected after treatment
Wei 0.05mm and 0.07 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck with
Pressure head is compressed, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 40MPa；
Heating rate is 20 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1400 DEG C；
Soaking time is 180min；
Rate of temperature fall is 5 DEG C/min in 1000~1400 DEG C of intervals, is 14 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C in 600~1000 DEG C of intervals
Following furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connectors are obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of joint is 805MPa.
Claims (7)
1. the connection method of the TZM alloys under a kind of electric field-assisted and WRe alloys, it is characterised in that：Without middle transition
On the premise of layer, electric field-assisted diffusion is carried out to TZM alloys and WRe alloys using discharge plasma sintering system and is connected, so that
Obtain the connector of TZM alloys and WRe alloys.
2. connection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1,
Take TZM alloys and WRe alloys to be connected, the surface to be connected of TZM alloys and WRe alloys is carried out pre-grinding, polishing and
It is cleaned by ultrasonic and is vacuum dried；
Step 2,
Graphite jig is taken, the graphite jig includes seaming chuck, push-down head and graphite former；
The WRe alloys and TZM alloys that will be handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former from bottom to top, then with seaming chuck and push-down head
Compress, while making surface to be connected be located at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
The graphite jig that will be equipped with part to be connected is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to below 8Pa, so
After be passed through DC pulse current, connection is diffused to TZM alloys and WRe alloys, Joining Technology condition is：
Axial compressive force is 10~40MPa；
Heating rate is 20~300 DEG C/min；
Connection temperature is 1400~1700 DEG C；
Soaking time is 10~180min；
Rate of temperature fall is 2~40 DEG C/min；
The connector of TZM alloys and WRe alloys is obtained after cooling.
3. the connection method of TZM alloys according to claim 2 and WRe alloys, it is characterised in that：When the connection temperature
For 1400~1700 DEG C when, correspondence apply DC-pulse current density be 850~1600A/cm2。
4. the connection method of TZM alloys according to claim 2 and WRe alloys, it is characterised in that：The heating rate is
50~150 DEG C/min.
5. the connection method of TZM alloys according to claim 2 and WRe alloys, it is characterised in that：It is described connection temperature be
1450~1600 DEG C, soaking time is 30~90min.
6. the connection method of TZM alloys according to claim 2 and WRe alloys, it is characterised in that：The rate of temperature fall exists
It is 2~15 DEG C/min to be down in 1000 DEG C of interval；In 600~1000 DEG C of intervals be 10~40 DEG C/min, less than 600 DEG C with
Stove is cooled down.
7. the connection method of TZM alloys according to claim 2 and WRe alloys, it is characterised in that：In step 1, by according to
Secondary use #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, #2000 abrasive paper for metallograph is respectively to the to be connected of TZM alloys and WRe alloys
Surface carries out pre-grinding, and then polishing is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；The TZM alloys handled well and the surface to be connected of WRe alloys
Flatness be not more than 0.1mm, roughness is not more than 0.1 μm.
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| CN107486619A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 合肥工业大学 | TZM and WRe xenogenesis refractory alloys a kind of SPS diffusion welding methods |
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| CN108262483A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-07-10 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of SPS sintering connection methods of tungsten and molybdenum xenogenesis refractory metal |
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| CN107175398A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-19 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of molybdenum alloy and tungsten alloy |
| CN107081517B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-11-29 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of law temperature joining method of TZM and WRe different alloys |
| CN107486619A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 合肥工业大学 | TZM and WRe xenogenesis refractory alloys a kind of SPS diffusion welding methods |
| CN108145302A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-12 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race |
| CN108262483A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-07-10 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of SPS sintering connection methods of tungsten and molybdenum xenogenesis refractory metal |
| CN108262483B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2020-06-05 | 合肥工业大学 | SPS sintering connection method for tungsten and molybdenum dissimilar refractory metal |
| CN111886106A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2020-11-03 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Solid-phase bonding method and solid-phase bonding apparatus for metal material |
| CN109048030A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of SPS diffusion welding method of TZM and graphite dissimilar material |
| CN109590476A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-09 | 合肥工业大学 | The method that one-step method prepares high-compactness WRe/TZM gradient composites |
| CN111978094A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 合肥工业大学 | SPS solid phase connection method of WC and WC-6Co hard alloy |
| CN113878117A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 江西理工大学 | Method for controlling growth orientation of metal solid phase reaction tissue by using electric field assistance |
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