CN106818640A - 一种利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法 - Google Patents
一种利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法，涉及生猪养殖技术领域，包括如下步骤：(1)药浴液的配制，(2)药浴防治体外寄生虫，(3)药浴废液的处理。本发明通过药浴不仅能有效防治生猪猪体滋生体外寄生虫，还能起到清洁猪体、去除污物的作用，从根源上避免蚊蝇干扰生猪的正常生长；并通过固态处理物对药浴废液进行处理，利用这些农业产品下脚料在杀灭药浴废液中所含病菌的同时，降低这些农业下脚料单独施入土壤后对土壤造成的不利影响，实现废弃资源的合理利用，从而降低肥料成本和保护环境。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及生猪养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法。
背景技术：
猪寄生虫分为体内寄生虫和体外寄生虫，体外寄生虫主要有螨、虱、蜱、蚊、蝇等；其中以螨虫对猪的危害最大。除干扰猪的正常生活节律、降低饲料报酬和影响猪的生长速度以及猪的整齐度外，并是很多疾病如猪乙型脑炎、细小病毒、猪附红细胞体病等的重要传播者，给养猪业造成严重的经济损失。
为了降低养殖户的经济损失，需要做到防治结合。将防治药物以雾状形式向猪体喷洒是治疗生猪体外寄生虫的主要方式，但存在猪体腹部和腋窝等隐蔽部位药物难以覆盖的问题，因此防治不彻底，复发率高。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种防治效果显著且复发率低的利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)药浴液的配制：将防治体外寄生虫的药浴粉加入35-40℃温水中，搅拌使其充分分散，保温静置10-15min后再次搅拌混合，即得药浴液；
(2)药浴防治体外寄生虫：将上述配制的药浴液装入带有喷液管的储液罐中，并将生猪驱赶进入空的药浴池中，利用喷液管沿猪体背部向下低速喷射药浴液，防止药浴液喷到生猪口部，待药浴池中的药浴液没过猪体腹部时停止喷射，然后让生猪在药浴池中浸泡10-15min，浸泡结束后利用清水冲洗猪体，冲洗下的废液流入药浴池中形成药浴废液，夏季每隔10-15天药浴一次，其余季节每隔1个月药浴一次；
(3)药浴废液的处理：将药浴废液排入废液处理槽，并向废液处理槽中加入固态处理物，药浴废液与固态处理物的重量比为10-15:2-3，充分混合后静置12-24h，最后将废液处理槽中的混合物施入土壤中，作为农作物种植底肥。
所述药浴粉由如下重量份数的原料制成：香樟叶10-15份、苦荞粉5-10份、预糊化淀粉3-5份、银杏叶3-5份、山楂叶2-3份、松针粉1-2份、糯米粉1-2份、金钱草0.5-1份、山药粉0.5-1份、苦瓜粉0.3-0.5份、蓖麻籽粉0.1-0.3份，其制备方法为：先将香樟叶、银杏叶、山楂叶和金钱草加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后利用功率1.5kW磨浆机反复磨浆三次，过200目筛，再向所得滤液中加入苦荞粉、预糊化淀粉和糯米粉，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分干燥后利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，然后加入松针粉、山药粉、苦瓜粉和蓖麻籽粉，混合均匀，所得粉体经真空压缩成块，并在-5-0℃下密封冷冻8h，最后再利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得药浴粉。
所述固态处理物由如下重量份数的原料制成：糠醛渣15-20份、菌糠10-15份、酱油渣5-10份、油粕5-10份、甘蔗渣3-5份、茶枯粉2-3份、松针粉1-2份、粉煤灰0.5-1份、磷石膏粉0.3-0.5份、辣椒粕0.1-0.3份，其制备方法为：向糠醛渣中加入酱油渣、甘蔗渣和辣椒粕，充分混合后于45-50℃环境中用塑料薄膜密封静置24h，再加入菌糠、油粕、茶枯粉和松针粉，混合均匀后经真空压缩成块，然后经粉碎机制成粉末，最后加入粉煤灰和磷石膏粉，研磨使其充分混合均匀。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过药浴不仅能有效防治生猪猪体滋生体外寄生虫，还能起到清洁猪体、去除污物的作用，从根源上避免蚊蝇干扰生猪的正常生长；并通过固态处理物对药浴废液进行处理，利用这些农业产品下脚料在杀灭药浴废液中所含病菌的同时，降低这些农业下脚料单独施入土壤后对土壤造成的不利影响，实现废弃资源的合理利用，从而降低肥料成本和保护环境。其中，在药浴防治时采用喷洒和浸泡药浴液相结合的方式，使药浴液充分覆盖猪体，达到全面防治的目的。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
(1)药浴液的配制：将防治体外寄生虫的药浴粉加入35-40℃温水中，搅拌使其充分分散，保温静置15min后再次搅拌混合，即得药浴液；
(2)药浴防治体外寄生虫：将上述配制的药浴液装入带有喷液管的储液罐中，并将生猪驱赶进入空的药浴池中，利用喷液管沿猪体背部向下低速喷射药浴液，防止药浴液喷到生猪口部，待药浴池中的药浴液没过猪体腹部时停止喷射，然后让生猪在药浴池中浸泡15min，浸泡结束后利用清水冲洗猪体，冲洗下的废液流入药浴池中形成药浴废液，夏季每隔10-15天药浴一次，其余季节每隔1个月药浴一次；
(3)药浴废液的处理：将药浴废液排入废液处理槽，并向废液处理槽中加入固态处理物，药浴废液与固态处理物的重量比为15:3，充分混合后静置24h，最后将废液处理槽中的混合物施入土壤中，作为农作物种植底肥。
药浴粉的制备：先将15份香樟叶、3份银杏叶、3份山楂叶和0.5份金钱草加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后利用功率1.5kW磨浆机反复磨浆三次，过200目筛，再向所得滤液中加入5份苦荞粉、3份预糊化淀粉和1份糯米粉，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分干燥后利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，然后加入2份松针粉、0.5份山药粉、0.3份苦瓜粉和0.1份蓖麻籽粉，混合均匀，所得粉体经真空压缩成块，并在-5-0℃下密封冷冻8h，最后再利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得药浴粉。
固态处理物的制备：向20份糠醛渣中加入5份酱油渣、3份甘蔗渣和0.2份辣椒粕，充分混合后于45-50℃环境中用塑料薄膜密封静置24h，再加入15份菌糠、5份油粕、2份茶枯粉和1份松针粉，混合均匀后经真空压缩成块，然后经粉碎机制成粉末，最后加入0.5份粉煤灰和0.3份磷石膏粉，研磨使其充分混合均匀。
实施例2
(1)药浴液的配制：将防治体外寄生虫的药浴粉加入35-40℃温水中，搅拌使其充分分散，保温静置10min后再次搅拌混合，即得药浴液；
(2)药浴防治体外寄生虫：将上述配制的药浴液装入带有喷液管的储液罐中，并将生猪驱赶进入空的药浴池中，利用喷液管沿猪体背部向下低速喷射药浴液，防止药浴液喷到生猪口部，待药浴池中的药浴液没过猪体腹部时停止喷射，然后让生猪在药浴池中浸泡15min，浸泡结束后利用清水冲洗猪体，冲洗下的废液流入药浴池中形成药浴废液，夏季每隔10-15天药浴一次，其余季节每隔1个月药浴一次；
(3)药浴废液的处理：将药浴废液排入废液处理槽，并向废液处理槽中加入固态处理物，药浴废液与固态处理物的重量比为10:2，充分混合后静置24h，最后将废液处理槽中的混合物施入土壤中，作为农作物种植底肥。
药浴粉的制备：先将10份香樟叶、5份银杏叶、2份山楂叶和1份金钱草加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后利用功率1.5kW磨浆机反复磨浆三次，过200目筛，再向所得滤液中加入5份苦荞粉、5份预糊化淀粉和1份糯米粉，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分干燥后利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，然后加入1份松针粉、0.5份山药粉、0.3份苦瓜粉和0.1份蓖麻籽粉，混合均匀，所得粉体经真空压缩成块，并在-5-0℃下密封冷冻8h，最后再利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得药浴粉。
固态处理物的制备：向20份糠醛渣中加入5份酱油渣、5份甘蔗渣和0.2份辣椒粕，充分混合后于45-50℃环境中用塑料薄膜密封静置24h，再加入10份菌糠、5份油粕、3份茶枯粉和1份松针粉，混合均匀后经真空压缩成块，然后经粉碎机制成粉末，最后加入0.5份粉煤灰和0.3份磷石膏粉，研磨使其充分混合均匀。
实施例3
分别采用实施例1和实施例2所述体外寄生虫防治方法对生猪进行养殖，并记录其防治效果，结果如表1所示。
表1本发明实施例所述方法对生猪体外寄生虫的防治效果
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 |
| 体外寄生虫罹患率 | 0.24％ | 0.19％ |
| 罹患体外寄生虫后治愈率 | 99.35％ | 99.46％ |
| 治愈后的复发率 | 0.21％ | 0.18％ |
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (3)
1.一种利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)药浴液的配制：将防治体外寄生虫的药浴粉加入35-40℃温水中，搅拌使其充分分散，保温静置10-15min后再次搅拌混合，即得药浴液；
(2)药浴防治体外寄生虫：将上述配制的药浴液装入带有喷液管的储液罐中，并将生猪驱赶进入空的药浴池中，利用喷液管沿猪体背部向下低速喷射药浴液，防止药浴液喷到生猪口部，待药浴池中的药浴液没过猪体腹部时停止喷射，然后让生猪在药浴池中浸泡10-15min，浸泡结束后利用清水冲洗猪体，冲洗下的废液流入药浴池中形成药浴废液，夏季每隔10-15天药浴一次，其余季节每隔1个月药浴一次；
(3)药浴废液的处理：将药浴废液排入废液处理槽，并向废液处理槽中加入固态处理物，药浴废液与固态处理物的重量比为10-15:2-3，充分混合后静置12-24h，最后将废液处理槽中的混合物施入土壤中，作为农作物种植底肥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法其特征在于，所述药浴粉由如下重量份数的原料制成：香樟叶10-15份、苦荞粉5-10份、预糊化淀粉3-5份、银杏叶3-5份、山楂叶2-3份、松针粉1-2份、糯米粉1-2份、金钱草0.5-1份、山药粉0.5-1份、苦瓜粉0.3-0.5份、蓖麻籽粉0.1-0.3份，其制备方法为：先将香樟叶、银杏叶、山楂叶和金钱草加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后利用功率1.5kW磨浆机反复磨浆三次，过200目筛，再向所得滤液中加入苦荞粉、预糊化淀粉和糯米粉，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分干燥后利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，然后加入松针粉、山药粉、苦瓜粉和蓖麻籽粉，混合均匀，所得粉体经真空压缩成块，并在-5-0℃下密封冷冻8h，最后再利用超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得药浴粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用药浴法防治体外寄生虫的生猪养殖方法其特征在于，所述固态处理物由如下重量份数的原料制成：糠醛渣15-20份、菌糠10-15份、酱油渣5-10份、油粕5-10份、甘蔗渣3-5份、茶枯粉2-3份、松针粉1-2份、粉煤灰0.5-1份、磷石膏粉0.3-0.5份、辣椒粕0.1-0.3份，其制备方法为：向糠醛渣中加入酱油渣、甘蔗渣和辣椒粕，充分混合后于45-50℃环境中用塑料薄膜密封静置24h，再加入菌糠、油粕、茶枯粉和松针粉，混合均匀后经真空压缩成块，然后经粉碎机制成粉末，最后加入粉煤灰和磷石膏粉，研磨使其充分混合均匀。
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