CN106809240B

CN106809240B - Hitch and the railcar train with hitch

Info

Publication number: CN106809240B
Application number: CN201611251398.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖志鸿; 谭志成; 李道林
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-29
Filing date: 2016-12-29
Publication date: 2017-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-29
Also published as: CN106809240A

Abstract

Include the invention discloses a kind of hitch with the railcar train with hitch, the hitch：Gib head；Connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod are connected with the gib head；Buffer, the buffer includes draw bar, rotating seat, Buffer Unit and fixed seat, axis of the draw bar along the draw bar is movably located on the rotating seat, and the Buffer Unit is connected with the draw bar and the rotating seat respectively, the rotating seat is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat in the horizontal direction, and the draw bar is connected with the connecting rod.According to the hitch of the present invention, it can utilize and alleviate two by Buffer Unit and save interaction force between compartments, the stationarity in support vehicles running, realize being reliably connected between compartment.

Description

Hitch and the railcar train with hitch

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of rail traffic, more particularly, to a kind of hitch and the railcar train with hitch.

Background technology

Hitch be for realizing that the company between locomotive and vehicle or vehicle and vehicle hangs, transmitting tractive force and impulsive force, and Make to keep certain distance between vehicle.Connection, traction and the effect of buffering are realized between vehicle and vehicle.

The content of the invention

It is contemplated that at least solves one of technical problem present in prior art.Therefore, the invention reside in propose one Kind hitch, the hitch can ensure traveling comfort between connection vehicle.

The present invention also proposes a kind of railcar train with above-mentioned hitch.

Hitch according to a first aspect of the present invention, including：Gib head；Connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod and the gib head It is connected；Buffer, the buffer include draw bar, rotating seat, Buffer Unit and fixed seat, and the draw bar is along the traction The axis of bar is movably located on the rotating seat, and the Buffer Unit respectively with the draw bar and the rotating seat phase Even, the rotating seat is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat in the horizontal direction, and the draw bar is connected with the connecting rod.

According to the hitch of the present invention, it can utilize by the interaction force between the section compartments of Buffer Unit alleviation two, protect Hinder the stationarity in vehicle operation, realize being reliably connected between compartment.

In certain embodiments, the Buffer Unit includes：Housing, the housing are set in the outside of the draw bar simultaneously It is spaced apart with the draw bar, the housing is connected with being relatively fixed with the rotating seat；Block rubber, the block rubber respectively with The draw bar is connected with the housing.

In certain embodiments, formed with the first stopper slot, the outer peripheral face of the draw bar on the inner peripheral surface of the housing On formed with second stopper slot relative with first stopper slot, the block rubber be located at the housing and the draw bar it Between, and a part for the block rubber is located in first stopper slot, another part is located in second stopper slot.

In certain embodiments, the housing includes upper lid and lower cover, and the upper lid and the lower cover, which are covered and be enclosed on, to be led Draw on the outside of bar, the block rubber includes some around the traction rod arrangement, and the block rubber includes one or edge The axially spaced-apart of the draw bar is arranged multiple.

In certain embodiments, the Buffer Unit is fixed together with the rotating seat by breaking bolt.

In certain embodiments, the rotating seat includes upper branch, lower branch and connecting plate, the upper branch and it is described under Branch is that one end is rotatably coupled fixed seat and the other end is connected with connecting plate.

In certain embodiments, the Buffer Unit is located between the upper branch and the lower branch, and the buffering Component is connected with being relatively fixed with the connecting plate.

In certain embodiments, upper rotary shaft and Shaft be set in the fixed seat, the upper rotary shaft and described Shaft is coaxial and is rotatably provided in the fixed seat, and the upper rotary shaft connects with being relatively fixed with the upper branch Connect, and the Shaft is connected with being relatively fixed with the lower branch.

In certain embodiments, the upper rotary shaft and the Shaft include：The first axle part, the first axle part Have on the side face of one end and outward extend flange, the flange is against the outside of the fixed seat, and the first axle part can revolve It is located in the fixed seat with turning, and the first axle part and the rotating seat mode connects for screw；The second axle part, the second axle part Coaxial with the first axle part, the second axle part is connected to the other end of the first axle part, and the footpath of the second axle part It is less than the radial dimension of the first axle part to size, wherein, the second axle part of the upper rotary shaft and upper branch's axis hole Coordinate, the second axle part of the Shaft and lower branch's shaft hole matching.

In certain embodiments, the draw bar is docked with the connecting rod by garter spring.

In certain embodiments, the hitch also includes：Vertical support, lead described in vertical support support Draw bar, the height adjustable of the vertical support.

In certain embodiments, the vertical support includes：Bottom plate；Upper plate, between the upper plate and the bottom plate Provided with support block rubber；Top plate, the top plate are connected with being relatively fixed with the upper plate, and traction is supported above the top plate Bar；Adjusting rod, the adjusting rod are connected with the bottom plate and the buffer to adjust the height of the buffer respectively.

In certain embodiments, the support block rubber sulfides with the upper plate.

In certain embodiments, the upper plate is connected with the roof bolt.

In certain embodiments, the upper end of the adjusting rod is threadedly coupled with the rotating seat, the lower end of the adjusting rod It is connected with the bottom plate and is fixed by adjusting nut, the adjusting nut is used to adjust between the bottom plate and the rotating seat Away from.

In certain embodiments, the end of the adjusting rod is connected with two adjusting nuts, and two adjusting nuts It is located at the both sides up and down of the bottom plate respectively.

In certain embodiments, the adjusting rod includes at least two positioned opposite on the support block rubber.

In certain embodiments, the upper plate is provided with vertically extending guide rod, and the rotating seat is provided with Guide groove corresponding with the guide rod, the guide rod movably coordinate with the guide groove along the vertical direction.

In certain embodiments, the opposite sides of the upper plate is equipped with the guide rod, and on the bottom wall of the rotating seat Provided with the one-to-one guide groove of the guide rod.

In certain embodiments, the buffer is provided with the horizontal centring device for being used for positioning the draw bar.

In certain embodiments, the horizontal centring device includes：Lobe plate, the lobe plate are relative with the rotating seat It is permanently connected, and the relatively described fixed seat of the lobe plate is rotatable；Disk roller assembly, the disk roller assembly and the fixed seat Relative position is fixed, and the disk roller assembly is suitable to position the lobe plate when the lobe plate is located at horizontal centring position.

In certain embodiments, the lobe plate is provided with the groove of eccentric setting, and the lobe plate is located at the level A part for the disk roller assembly stretches into the groove during center position.

In certain embodiments, the groove gradually subtracts in depth from the middle to both ends in the circumference along the lobe plate Small shape.

In certain embodiments, the groove includes what is formed on the axis of the cam and the axis of the draw bar Plane be arranged symmetrically at least two, the disk roller assembly and the groove correspond.

In certain embodiments, the groove is formed at the edge of the lobe plate, and the disk roller assembly is along the cam The outside for being arranged radially at the lobe plate of plate.

In certain embodiments, the disk roller assembly includes：Disk roller, at least a portion that the disk roller is suitable to stretch into described recessed In groove；Roller sliding bar, one end of the roller sliding bar are against the side that the disk roller deviates from the groove；Spring, the spring It is enclosed on the outside of the roller sliding bar and promotes the roller sliding bar all the time so that the roller sliding bar promotes the roller to stretch into The groove.

In certain embodiments, the roller stretches into the central angle of the groove part no more than 180 °.

In certain embodiments, parallel pin is connected with the lobe plate with being relatively fixed, the parallel pin includes interval Arrange and multiple with the diameter parallel of the cam, multiple parallel pins are plugged on the buffer for described convex Wheel plate is connected with being relatively fixed with the rotating seat.

In certain embodiments, the outside of the fixed seat is provided with shell, and the shell is located at described solid with being relatively fixed In reservation, the lobe plate and the disk roller assembly are each provided at the inner side of the shell.

In certain embodiments, slip ring is provided between the shell and the lobe plate.

In certain embodiments, the shell includes：Body, formed with flange face, the cam on the body Plate is located on the inside of the body；Connecting portion, the connecting portion include being connected and connecting with the body, the disk roller assembly It is located on the inside of the connecting portion.

Railcar train according to a second aspect of the present invention, including：Train body；Hitch, the hitch are located at the train On body, the hitch is the hitch according to first aspect present invention.

According to the railcar train of the present invention, by setting the hitch of above-mentioned first aspect, so as to improve railcar train Overall performance.

The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of hitch according to embodiments of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the explosive view of the hitch shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the hitch shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the hitch shown in Fig. 1, wherein, block rubber is shearing condition；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the hitch shown in Fig. 4, is pulled off wherein breaking bolt；

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of another angle of the hitch shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the rotating seat shown in Fig. 2；

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the upper plate shown in Fig. 2；

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the horizontal centring device shown in Fig. 1；

Figure 10 is the sectional view of the line A-A along Fig. 9；

Figure 11 is the sectional view of the disk roller assembly shown in Fig. 9；

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the body shown in Fig. 9；

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the lobe plate shown in Fig. 9 and disk roller assembly.

Reference：

Hitch 1000,

Gib head 100,

Connecting rod 200, garter spring 300,

Buffer 400,

Draw bar 41, the second stopper slot 411,

Rotating seat 42, upper branch 421, lower branch 422, connecting plate 423, screwed hole 424, guide groove 425,

Buffer Unit 43, housing 431, upper lid 4311, lower cover 4312, block rubber 432, fixed seat 44,

Upper rotary shaft 45, the first axle part 451, the second axle part 452, flange 453, Shaft 46, breaks bolt 47,

Vertical support 600,

Bottom plate 61, upper plate 62, guide rod 621, support block rubber 63, top plate 64, adjusting rod 65, adjusting nut 66 are horizontal right Middle device 500,

Lobe plate 51, groove 511,

Disk roller assembly 52, disk roller 521, roller sliding bar 522, spring 523, connecting shaft 524, bushing 525, outer ring 526, snap ring 527,

Parallel pin 53,

Shell 54, body 541, connecting portion 542,

Slip ring 55, fixing axle 56, cushion collar 57.

Embodiment

Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.

The hitch 1000 of embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to Fig. 1-Figure 13.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the hitch 1000 of embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention, including：Gib head 100, connecting rod 200 and buffer 400.

Wherein, one end (such as front end of the connecting rod 200 shown in Fig. 1) of connecting rod 200 is connected with gib head 100；Even The other end (such as rear end of the connecting rod 200 shown in Fig. 1) of extension bar 200 is connected with the draw bar 41 of buffer 400.Also It is to say, gib head 100 is connected by connecting rod 200 with buffer 400, and buffer 400 can buffer gib head 100 during hook Impulsive force, meanwhile, when two section compartments linked together by hitch 1000 when, buffer 400 can be reduced between compartment Vibration is transmitted, and reduces noise, improves the stationarity and reliability being driven between compartment and compartment, and that improves hitch 1000 uses the longevity Life.

Specifically, buffer 400 includes draw bar 41, rotating seat 42, Buffer Unit 43 and fixed seat 44, the edge of draw bar 41 The axis (such as fore-and-aft direction shown in Fig. 1) of draw bar 41 is movably located on rotating seat 42, and Buffer Unit 43 divides It is not connected with draw bar 41 and rotating seat 42, rotating seat 42 is rotatably arranged in fixed seat 44 in the horizontal direction.Work as traction For bar 41 along the longitudinal direction or during horizontal direction activity, Buffer Unit 43 can slow down the impact velocity of draw bar 41, play buffering The effect of draw bar 41, draw bar 41 and rotating seat 42 is avoided to collide damage etc..

With reference to Fig. 1, gib head 100 is connected by connecting rod 200 with the draw bar 41 of buffer 400, and draw bar 41 is relative to be revolved Swivel base 42 can move along the longitudinal direction, and draw bar 41 can be relatively fixed seat 44 with rotating seat 42 and rotate in the horizontal direction, also It is to say, gib head 100 rotates against seat 42 and can moved along the longitudinal direction, and gib head 100 is relatively fixed seat 44 and can turned in the horizontal direction It is dynamic.So, when two section compartments are linked together by hitch 1000, reliably connecting between compartment and compartment can not only be realized Connect, can also utilize and interaction force between two section compartments is alleviated by Buffer Unit 43, in support vehicles running Stationarity.

Hitch 1000 according to embodiments of the present invention, the phase alleviated by Buffer Unit 43 between two section compartments can be utilized Interreaction force, the stationarity in support vehicles running, realize being reliably connected between compartment.

In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 2 Buffer Unit 43 can include：Housing 431 and block rubber 432, housing 431 can be set in the outside of draw bar 41, and housing 431 can be spaced apart with draw bar 41, to avoid drawing Bar 41 directly hits housing 431 when moving, and housing 431 is connected with being relatively fixed with rotating seat 42；Block rubber 432 can respectively with Draw bar 41 is connected with housing 431.That is, housing 431 and draw bar 41 are linked together by block rubber 432, rubber Block 432 plays cushioning effect between housing 431 and draw bar 41.Block rubber 432 can also play draw bar connection 41 simultaneously With the effect of housing 431, for example, when rotating seat 42 is relatively fixed seat 44 and rotated, rotating seat 42 can drive housing 431, rubber Block 432, draw bar 41 rotate together, and then drive connecting rod 200 and gib head 100 to rotate together.

Further, as shown in figs 2-4, the first stopper slot, draw bar 41 are could be formed with the inner peripheral surface of housing 431 Outer peripheral face on could be formed with the second stopper slot 411, and the second stopper slot 411 is relative with the first stopper slot, block rubber 432 Between housing 431 and draw bar 41, and a part for block rubber 432 is located in the first stopper slot, another part is located at second In stopper slot 411.Thus, not only block rubber 432 can be utilized to realize the connection between draw bar 41 and housing 431, while The deformation of block rubber 432 can be utilized to play the effect of the active force between buffer tow rod 41 and housing 431.

With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, housing 431 is set in the outside of draw bar 41, the first stopper slot on the inner peripheral surface of housing 431 Also it is around the axle of draw bar 41 for the second stopper slot 411 on the annular groove of the axis of draw bar 41, the outer peripheral face of draw bar 41 The annular groove of line, and the first stopper slot and the second stopper slot 411 along draw bar 41 diametrically, block rubber 432 is located at housing Between 431 inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral face of draw bar 41, and in embedded first stopper slot of a part of block rubber 432, block rubber 432 can be stretched into some in the second stopper slot 411.Due to housing 431 internal perisporium and draw bar 41 periphery wall it Between be spaced apart, therefore, block rubber 432 some between housing 431 and draw bar 41, i.e., this part was both not at In first stopper slot, also it is not in the second stopper slot 411.

When draw bar 41 is failure to actuate (when gib head 100 does not move), the first stopper slot and the second stopper slot 411 are relative, rubber Block 432 keeps original shape, when draw bar 41 acts (when gib head 100 moves), for example, when draw bar 41 is along shown in Fig. 3 When direction from front to back is moved, now, stagger along the longitudinal direction between draw bar 41 and housing 431, block rubber 432 is produced and cut Shear deformation, and the effect of buffering is played in the motion to draw bar 41, that is to say, that realized by the detrusion of block rubber 432 The kinergety of snubber draw bar 41.

Further, as shown in figs 2-4, housing 431 can include upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312, the upper He of lid 4311 Lower cover 4312 covers, and is enclosed on the outside of draw bar 41, and block rubber 432 can include some arranged around draw bar 41, For example, block rubber 432 can be included around two parts, three parts or four parts that draw bar 41 is arranged etc., thus, it is possible to be easy to Block rubber 432 is installed, improves efficiency of assembling.And block rubber 432 can only include one, certainly, block rubber 432 can also include It is multiple, and multiple block rubbers 432 can lead to along axial direction (such as fore-and-aft direction shown in Fig. 3) arranged for interval of draw bar 41 Cross the buffering effect for setting multiple block rubbers 432 further to improve buffer 400.

With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 are respectively in Open Side Down and the U-shaped of opening upwards, and upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 inner peripheral surface on formed with the first stopper slot, the first stopper slot includes the axially spaced-apart cloth along draw bar 41 Two put, and the section of the first stopper slot takes the shape of the letter U, it is second spacing formed with axially spaced apart two on draw bar 41 Groove 411, the second stopper slot 411 is in the annular of the axis around draw bar 41, and the section of the second stopper slot 411 also takes the shape of the letter U, rubber Blob of viscose 432 is arranged around draw bar 41, and block rubber 432 is spacing including first respectively on upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 Two parts of groove, during installation, block rubber 432 is arranged in the second stopper slot 411 on draw bar 41, then will Upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 cover, and are then fixed together upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 by bolt.

Preferably, reference picture 2- Fig. 6, Buffer Unit 43 can be fixedly connected on one with rotating seat 42 by breaking bolt 47 Rise, overload protection can be played a part of to buffer 400 by breaking bolt 47.As shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, when gib head 100 is compressed During power, draw bar 41 is moved along direction from front to back, and housing 431 staggers along the longitudinal direction with draw bar 41, and block rubber 432 is sent out Raw detrusion, and the energy of draw bar 41 is absorbed, when suffered compression stress is excessive, block rubber 432 can not be fully absorbed and led Draw the energy of bar 41, draw bar 41 moves forward, and now, breaks the stress of bolt 47 until fracture, breaks bolt 47 no longer Play and be fixedly connected with Buffer Unit 43 and rotating seat 42 so that draw bar 41 drives Buffer Unit 43 (housing 431 and block rubber 432) spun off from rotating seat 42.So as to realize the effect of overload protection.

In certain embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2 rotating seat 42 can include upper branch 421, lower branch 422 and connecting plate 423, one end (such as front end of the upper branch 421 shown in Fig. 2) of upper branch 421 is rotatably coupled fixed seat 44, and on The other end (such as rear end of the upper branch 421 shown in Fig. 2) of branch 421 is connected with connecting plate 423；The one of lower branch 422 End (such as front end of the lower branch 422 shown in Fig. 2) is rotatably coupled fixed seat 44, and the other end (example of lower branch 422 The rear end of lower branch 422 as shown in Figure 2) it is connected with connecting plate 423, so as to realize that rotating seat 42 and fixed seat 44 are rotatable Connection.

Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, Buffer Unit 43 can be located between branch 421 and lower limb portion, thus, can To cause the structure of buffer 400 compacter.And Buffer Unit 43 is connected in which can be relatively fixed with connecting plate 423, for example, The housing 431 of Buffer Unit 43 can break spiral shell with connecting plate 423 by the multiple of axis arrangement of multiple circular draw bars 41 Bolt 47 is fixed together.

Advantageously, as shown in figs 2-4, rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46, upper rotation can be set in fixed seat 44 The rotation axis of axle 45 and the rotation axis of Shaft 46 are vertically extending, and upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46 Coaxially, upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46 are rotatably provided in fixed seat 44, and upper rotary shaft 45 and upper branch 421 are relatively solid Surely connect, and Shaft 46 is connected with being relatively fixed with lower branch 422.Can be with by upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46 Realize that rotating seat 42 is relatively fixed seat 44 and rotated, i.e., rotated around the rotation axis of upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46.

Specifically, as shown in figs 2-4, any of upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46 include：The first axle part 451 With the second axle part 452, one end (such as upper end of the first axle part 451 of the upper rotary shaft 45 shown in Fig. 3) of the first axle part 451 Side face on can have outward extend flange 453, flange 453 is against the outside of fixed seat 44, and the first axle part 451 is rotatable Ground is located in fixed seat 44, and the first axle part 451 and the mode connects for screw of rotating seat 42, so that the first axle part 451 and rotating seat 42 are same Step rotates；The second axle part 452 and the first axle part 451 are coaxial, the second axle part 452 be connected to the first axle part 451 the other end (such as The lower end of the first axle part 451 of upper rotary shaft 45 shown in Fig. 3), and the radial dimension of the second axle part 452 is less than the first axle part 451 radial dimension, wherein, the second axle part 452 of upper rotary shaft 45 and the upper shaft hole matching of branch 421, the of Shaft 46 Two axle portions 452 and the shaft hole matching of lower branch 422, so as to realize upper rotary shaft 45 and synchronous with rotating seat 42 turn of Shaft 46 It is dynamic.

In certain embodiments, draw bar 41 can be docked with connecting rod 200 by garter spring 300.Thus, it is possible to ensureing to lead Draw between bar 41 and connecting rod 200 on the premise of connection reliability, simplify the connection knot between draw bar 41 and connecting rod 200 Structure, reduce cost.

In certain embodiments, hitch 1000 can also include：Vertical support 600, vertical support 600 are used for Draw bar 41 is supported, for adjusting the drift angle of draw bar 41 vertically (above-below direction), and then for adjusting gib head 100 Level height, and vertical support 600 height adjustable of itself.So, when the resilient support portion on vertical support 600 When part (such as support block rubber 63 described below) is because of the permanent permanent deformation using generation, vertical support can be adjusted 600 height, so as to offset the permanent deformation of elastic support member so that vertical support 600 can normally support traction Bar 41.

Further, as shown in figures 1 to 6, vertical support 600 can include：Bottom plate 61, upper plate 62, top plate 64 With adjusting rod 65, wherein, between upper plate 62 and bottom plate 61 be provided with support block rubber 63；Top plate 64 connects with being relatively fixed with upper plate 62 Connect, and draw bar 41 is supported above top plate 64；Adjusting rod 65 is connected with bottom plate 61 and buffer 400 respectively, to adjust buffering The height of device 400.That is, draw bar 41 is supported directly on top plate 64, and when draw bar 41 is swung in above-below direction, top The power being subject to is delivered to support block rubber 63 by plate 64 by upper plate 62 again, and support block rubber 63 can play support and buffering is led Draw the effect of bar 41, so as to reduce the amplitude of fluctuation of draw bar 41 along the vertical direction, improve the stability in compartment running.

Advantageously, support block rubber 63 can sulfide with upper plate 62, and bottom plate 61 can also be with supporting block rubber 63 Sulfide, thus, it is possible to improve the reliability connected between support block rubber 63 and upper plate 62 and bottom plate 61, enhancing is vertical The globality of support component 600.

Further, upper plate 62 can be bolted with top plate 64 and be fixed together, thus, it is possible to improve upper plate 62 Assembly and disassembly efficiency between top plate 64.In addition it is also possible to it is easy to top plate 64 and upper plate 62 (including upper plate 62, support block rubber 63 And bottom plate 61) maintenance and replacing.

In certain embodiments, the top and bottom of adjusting rod 65 can be provided with screw thread, and the upper end of adjusting rod 65 can be with It is threadedly coupled with rotating seat 42, the lower end of adjusting rod 65 is connected with bottom plate 61 and fixed by adjusting nut 66, and adjusting nut 66 is used In the spacing of regulating base board 61 and rotating seat 42.That is, the tightness by adjusting adjusting nut 66, can adjust bottom The distance between plate 61 and the bottom of rotating seat 42, so as to realize the adjustment to the vertically angle of draw bar 41.

Preferably, the end (such as lower end of the adjusting rod 65 shown in Fig. 1) of adjusting rod 65 can be connected with two tune Nut 66 is saved, and two adjusting nuts 66 can be located at the both sides up and down of bottom plate 61 respectively, thus, pass through two adjusting nuts 66 Coordinate up and down, the accuracy and reliability adjusted to spacing between bottom plate 61 and rotating seat 42 can be improved.

Advantageously, as shown in figure 1, adjusting rod 65 can include at least two positioned opposite on support block rubber 63, That is, adjusting rod 65 can include two, three, four or more, and two, three, four or more Adjusting rod 65 it is positioned opposite on support block rubber 63, for example, at least two adjusting rods 65 can be along support block rubber 63 Circumferential uniform intervals arrangement, thus, it is possible to which so that adjusting rod 65 more balances, in the circumferential regulation of support block rubber 63 It is even, avoid supporting deflection of block rubber 63 etc..With reference to Fig. 1, vertical support 600 includes two adjusting rods 65, and two regulations Bar 65 is arranged symmetrically in the left and right sides of support block rubber 63 in left-right direction.

In certain embodiments, as Figure 6-Figure 8, vertically extending guide rod 621 can be provided with upper plate 62, And guide groove 425 corresponding with guide rod 621 can be provided with rotating seat 42, guide rod 621 along the vertical direction movably with guide groove 425 Coordinate.Thus, the support block rubber 63 that can limit the lower section of upper plate 62 is coordinated in horizontal plane by guide rod 621 and guide groove 425 On motion so that support block rubber 63 can only move along the vertical direction, so as to improve support block rubber 63 fatigue break It is bad, improve the service life of support block rubber 63.

Further, as Figure 6-Figure 8, opposite sides (such as the upper plate 62 shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 of upper plate 62 Left side and right side) guide rod 621 can be provided with, and can be provided with the bottom wall of rotating seat 42 and be led correspondingly with guide rod 621 Groove 425.Thus, it is possible to so that support block rubber 63 only moves along the vertical direction, further limitation support block rubber 63 is with traction Motion and the rotation in the horizontal direction along the longitudinal direction together of bar 41, so as to improve the motion conditions of support block rubber 63, is carried The service life of height support block rubber 63.

In certain embodiments, it is horizontal right as shown in figure 1, being also provided with horizontal centring device 500 on buffer 400 Middle device 500 can be used for positioning towed bar 41, realize the adjustment of the position to draw bar 41 on the horizontal level, so as in water Preferably positioning towed bar 41 on average face so that hitch 1000 is before even hanging, the center line of draw bar 41 and connecting rod 200 Position in bosom, so as to normally connect extension.

Specifically, as shown in figure 9, horizontal centring device 500 can include：Lobe plate 51 and disk roller assembly 52.Wherein, Lobe plate 51 is connected with being relatively fixed with rotating seat 42, and to be relatively fixed seat 44 rotatable for lobe plate 51.So can be fixed Position draw bar 41 provides advantage.

Disk roller assembly 52 can be fixed with the relative position of fixed seat 44, and disk roller assembly 52 is suitable to be located in lobe plate 51 Convex wheel plate 51 during horizontal centring position (such as position of lobe plate 51 shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 13).Now, draw bar 41 center line is located at bosom position, thus, by the cooperation of disk roller assembly 52 and lobe plate 51, can be better achieved pair The horizontal location of draw bar 41.

Further, as shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 13, the groove 511 of eccentric setting can be provided with lobe plate 51, works as lobe plate 51 when being located at horizontal centring position, and the part (such as part of disk roller 521 described below) of disk roller assembly 52 can be with Stretch into groove 511.So, by the cooperation of disk roller assembly 52 and lobe plate 51, level preferably can be carried out to draw bar 41 Centering, realize being accurately positioned to draw bar 41.

Advantageously, as shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 13, groove 511 can be recessed to be formed towards the inner side of lobe plate 51, specifically, In the circumference along lobe plate 51, groove 511 can be in the shape that depth is gradually reduced from the middle to both ends.Groove 511 can be with Including at least two (such as two, four etc.), and axis and draw bar 41 of at least two grooves 511 on lobe plate 51 Plane (such as plane where fore-and-aft direction and above-below direction, i.e., the left and right directions shown in Figure 13) symmetrical cloth of axis composition Put, disk roller assembly 52 corresponds with groove 511.Thus, can be preferably by the cooperation of disk roller assembly 52 and groove 511 Horizontal centring is carried out, is advantageous to smoothly realize the positioning to draw bar 41.

It is recessed formed with two be arranged symmetrically in left-right direction on the horizontal level on lobe plate 51 with reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 13 Groove 511, groove 511 can be arc groove, and can be in the angle of predetermined angular between two grooves 511, at draw bar 41 When horizontal centre line position, it is motionless that lobe plate 51 maintains center, and whole hitch 1000 maintains poised state；Work as traction When bar 41 rocks in horizontal plane, draw bar 41 drives lobe plate 51 to rotate, so that 511 turns of 521 confronting grooves of disk roller Dynamic, now, the pair of rollers lobe plate 51 in 51 two grooves 511 of lobe plate produces rotating torque, forces 51 turns of lobe plate Move until draw bar 41 returns to bosom position.

As shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 13, in certain embodiments, groove 511 can be formed at the edge of lobe plate 51, roller The outside that is arranged radially at lobe plate 51 of the wheel assembly 52 along lobe plate 51.Thus, it is possible to it is easy to a part for disk roller assembly 52 Stretch into groove 511.Simultaneously so that lobe plate 51 is at horizontal centring position, power that disk roller assembly 52 applies to lobe plate 51 By lobe plate 51 center and mutually balance, now for lobe plate 51 without the torque rotated, lobe plate 51 maintains centre bit Put motionless, realize horizontal centring.

According in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 13, disk roller assembly 52 can include：Disk roller 521, Roller sliding bar 522 and spring 523.Specifically, disk roller 521 is suitable to stretch into groove 511 at least partially, and disk roller 521 is matched somebody with somebody Close in groove 511, and disk roller 521 relative can slide in groove 511.One end of roller sliding bar 522 is (such as shown in Fig. 9 Roller sliding bar 522 right-hand member) be against disk roller 521 deviate from groove 511 side (such as left side of the disk roller shown in Fig. 9). Spring 523 is enclosed on the outside of roller sliding bar 522, and spring 523 promotes roller sliding bar 522 all the time, so that roller sliding bar 522 pushes away Dynamic disk roller 521 stretches into groove 511.

When hitch 1000 is in initial position (i.e. draw bar 41 is located at horizontal plane bosom position), and spring 523 has Certain initial compression amount (spring 523 is often in compressive state), because horizontal centring device 500 includes two in horizontal plane Two disk roller assemblies 52 being symmetrically arranged so that spring 523 passes to cam by roller sliding bar 522 and disk roller 521 Plate 51 make a concerted effort by lobe plate 51 center, now lobe plate 51 without rotation torque, during lobe plate 51 can maintain Heart position is fixed, because gib head 100 by connecting rod 200, draw bar 41 and lobe plate 51 with being fixed together, so hook First 100 can maintain center；When gib head 100 has certain horizontal pivot angle under external force, spring 523 can be by Compression, two springs 523 make a concerted effort to be no longer pass through center to lobe plate 51, and produce a rotating torque, force lobe plate 51 Rotate until making a concerted effort by center, so that gib head 100 (including draw bar 41, connecting rod 200, rotating seat 42 etc.) returns to initially Position, realize horizontal centring.

Advantageously, reference picture 13, the central angle that disk roller 521 stretches into the part of groove 511 are no more than 180 °.That is, roller Some coordinates in groove 511 521, wheel, and the part that disk roller 521 is stretched into groove 511 is no more than the volume of disk roller 521 Half.So enable the confronting grooves 511 of disk roller 521 to slide, improve the flexibility that disk roller 521 slides in groove 511, It is more beneficial for centering.

In certain embodiments, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, it is connected with parallel pin with being relatively fixed on lobe plate 51 53, parallel pin 53 can include multiple with the diameter parallel of lobe plate 51, and the arranged for interval of multiple parallel pins 53, thus, have Beneficial to the accuracy for ensureing to position draw bar 41.Multiple parallel pins 53 are plugged on Buffer Unit 43, for making lobe plate 51 are connected with being relatively fixed with rotating seat 42.In this way, by multiple parallel pins 53 can ensure lobe plate 51 and rotating seat 42 it Between reliably connection, realize lobe plate 51 and the synchronous axial system of rotating seat 42.

As shown in Figure 10, one end (such as the parallel pin 53 described in Figure 10 being connected with lobe plate 51 of parallel pin 53 Upper end) it can be threadedly coupled formed with screw thread, parallel pin 53 by screw thread with lobe plate 51, the other end of parallel pin 53 (such as The lower end of parallel pin 53 shown in Figure 10) it is connected with being relatively fixed with rotating seat 42.Can be by lobe plate by parallel pin 53 51 are connected with rotating seat 42, realize lobe plate 51 and the synchronous axial system of rotating seat 42.

Reference picture 9, disk roller assembly 52 can also include connecting shaft 524, the vertically (institute in reference picture 1 of connecting shaft 524 The above-below direction shown) extension, and also disk roller 521 is connected with roller sliding bar 522 by connecting shaft 524.Disk roller 521 and connecting shaft 524 inner sides coordinated are provided with bushing 525, and bushing 525 is located at the periphery of connecting shaft 524.Roller so can be reduced by bushing 525 Friction between wheel 521 and connecting shaft 524, improve the service life of disk roller 521 and connecting shaft 524.

Outer ring 526 and the snap ring 527 for fixing outer ring 526 are additionally provided between roller sliding bar 522 and shell 54, passes through card Ring 527 can fix outer ring 526, by setting outer ring 526 to reduce the friction between roller sliding bar 522 and shell 54 Power, improve the flexibility of the movement of roller sliding bar 522.

Wherein, outer ring 526 can in a ring, and the internal diameter of outer ring 526 may be approximately equal to connecting shaft 524 in the axial direction On length.

In certain embodiments, the outside of fixed seat 44 can be provided with shell 54, and shell 54 is located at fixation with being relatively fixed On seat 44, lobe plate 51 and disk roller assembly 52 are each provided at the inner side of shell 54, and slip ring 55 is provided between shell 54 and lobe plate 51. Thus, by between shell 54 and lobe plate 51 set slip ring 55, can reduce in the rotation process of lobe plate 51 with shell 54 Between friction, so as to the flexibility for positioning towed bar 41 of improving the standard.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, lobe plate 51, slip ring 55 and shell 54 can be connected by fixing axle 56, and Lobe plate 51 is rotatable around the center line of fixing axle 56.The inner peripheral surface coordinated with fixing axle 56 of lobe plate 51 is provided with cushion collar 57, cushion collar 57 is adapted to fit in the periphery of fixing axle 56.The axis of multiple parallel pins 53 can be with the central shaft of fixing axle 56 Line is parallel, so can provide advantage for the realization of horizontal centring.

In certain embodiments, as shown in figure 12, shell 54 can include：Body 541 and connecting portion 542, body Flange face is could be formed with 541, connecting portion 542 includes two for being connected and being arranged symmetrically with body 541.Body 541 On formed with the positioning hole for mounted roller sliding bar 522, the axis of positioning hole is along predetermined angle incline, and roller sliding bar 522 Relative positioning hole is movable.Spring 523 is located in connecting portion 542, and spring 523 is connected with roller sliding bar 522 and often in compression State.Thus, by roller sliding bar 522 disk roller 521 can be promoted to coordinate with groove 511, so as to further realize horizontal centring.

Hitch 1000 below with reference to Fig. 1-Figure 13 descriptions according to a specific embodiment of the invention.

Reference picture 1, the hitch 1000 of the embodiment of the present invention is tight lock couplers 1000, and hitch 1000 includes：Gib head 100, Connecting rod 200, garter spring 300, buffer 400, horizontal centring device 500 and vertical support 600.

Specifically, buffer 400 include draw bar 41, rotating seat 42, Buffer Unit 43, fixed seat 44, break bolt 47, Upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46, wherein, Buffer Unit 43 includes housing 431 and block rubber 432, and housing 431 includes upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312.

Draw bar 41 is linked together by garter spring 300 and connecting rod 200, and rotating seat has 4 screwed holes about 42 424, upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46 are fixed together by screw and rotating seat 42, and rotating seat 42 can and rotate up and down Axle 46 rotates around the center line of upper rotary shaft 45 and Shaft 46 together.Upper lid 4311 on lower cover 4312 with opening the first of U-shaped Stopper slot, the second stopper slot 411 of U-shaped is equally opened on connecting rod, for installing block rubber 432, after installing block rubber 432, Together with upper lid 4311 is bolted with lower cover 4312, upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 are by breaking bolt 47 and rotating seat 42 are fixed together.

The snubber energy of buffer 400 is realized by the detrusion of block rubber 432, as shown in figure 4, being slow Rush the compressive state figure of device 400, now between draw bar 41 and upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 longitudinal direction (fore-and-aft direction) have it is certain The changing of the relative positions, block rubber 432 produce detrusion.

Bolt 47 is broken except playing a connection function, the effect of an overload protection is also acted as, as shown in figure 5, working as When the compression stress that draw bar 41 is subject to is excessive, breaks bolt 47 and be broken, draw bar 41, upper lid 4311 and lower cover 4312 and rubber Block 432 is overall central from rotating seat 42 to spin off.

Vertical support 600 is used for before ensureing that hitch 1000 is even hung, and keeps hitch 1000 horizontal, vertical support 600 are mainly made up of bottom plate 61, support block rubber 63, upper plate 62, top plate 64, adjusting nut 66 and adjusting rod 65.Wherein, top plate 64 upper end contacts with draw bar 41, and top plate 64 supports rubber together with positioned at the mode connects for screw of upper plate 62 below top plate 64 Block 63 sulfides with upper plate 62 and bottom plate 61 respectively, and the upper and lower ends of adjusting rod 65 are all threaded, and adjusting rod 65 is upper End is screwed in the screwed hole 424 of the lower section of rotating seat 42, and the lower end of adjusting rod 65 is connected with bottom plate 61 by two adjusting nuts 66, And two adjusting nuts 66 are located at the both sides up and down of bottom plate 61 respectively, by adjusting adjusting nut 66, can to adjust hitch 1000 perpendicular Nogata to drift angle, this function can offset support block rubber 63 for a long time use caused by be permanently deformed.

Top plate 64 directly contacts with draw bar 41, and support block rubber 63 provides supporting force through top plate 64 to draw bar 41；It is whole Individual vertical support 600 is directly coupled on car body, but is connected in car body indirectly by the rotating seat 42 of buffer 400 On.The rotating seat 42 of buffer 400 is located among fixed seat 44, and rotating seat 42 can horizontally rotate, but can not on move down It is dynamic；Bottom plate 61 links together by adjusting rod 65 with rotating seat 42.When support block rubber 63 is for a long time using generation permanent deformation When, can be by turning adjusting rod 65 so that bottom plate 61 up moves, so as to offset the permanent change of support block rubber 63 Shape；

In addition, the left and right sides of upper plate 62 is provided with the guide rod 621 that vertically extends, the lower section of rotating seat 42 be provided with The guide groove 425 that guide rod 621 coordinates, guide rod 621 coordinates with guide groove 425 only allows to support the relative buffer of block rubber 63 about 400 It is mobile, limit support block rubber 63 and follow draw bar 41 longitudinal direction (fore-and-aft direction) and to horizontally rotate together, improve support The motion conditions of block rubber 63, improve the service life of support block rubber 63.

Horizontal centring device 500 is mechanical centring device, and horizontal centring device 500 mainly serves for ensuring hitch 1000 and connected Before extension, the centerline of hitch 1000 is in the position in bosom, so as to normally connect extension.Horizontal centring device 500 includes roller Wheel assembly 52, lobe plate 51, parallel pin 53, shell 54, slip ring 55 and fixing axle 56 form.Shell 54 is fixed on buffer 400 Fixed seat 44 on, fixing axle 56 is fixed on shell 54, lobe plate 51 can around fixing axle 56 center line rotate.Lobe plate 51 have two grooves being symmetrically arranged 511, and disk roller assembly 52 includes roller sliding bar 522, disk roller 521, spring 523, connection Axle 524, bushing 525, outer ring 526 and snap ring 527.

One end of parallel pin 53 is threaded togather with lobe plate 51, and the pin-and-hole in the upper rotary shaft 45 of other end insertion In so that lobe plate 51, which rotates, can drive rotary shaft 45 to rotate, so as to drive whole hitch 1000 to rotate.

The operation principle of horizontal centring device 500：Disk roller 521 and the precision-fit of groove 511 on lobe plate 51, form one Individual cam mechanism, when hitch 1000 is in initial position, spring 523 has certain initial compression amount, because two disk rollers are total It is symmetrically arranged into 52 so that spring 523 passes to the center for making a concerted effort to pass through lobe plate 51 of lobe plate 51, and lobe plate 51 does not have There is the torque of rotation, so to maintain center fixed for lobe plate 51, because gib head and lobe plate 51 are fixed on one Rise, so gib head maintains center.When gib head has certain horizontal pivot angle under external force, spring 523 can be by Compression, two springs 523 make a concerted effort to be no longer pass through center to lobe plate 51, produce a rotating torque, force 51 turns of lobe plate It is dynamic to return to initial position by center, i.e. gib head 100 until making a concerted effort.

Gib head 100 is fixed together with connecting rod 200 by screw, and gib head 100 is closed jointing gib head 100, gib head 100 are mainly made up of the part such as coupler body, returning spring, hook lock connecting rod, coupler knuckle plate.There are convex cone and concave cone on coupler body, specifically connect Extension process is two move toward one anothers of hitch 1000, and convex cone enters other side's concave cone, and hook lock link rod head is hit in other side's hitch 1000 The coupler knuckle plate in portion so that coupler knuckle plate is produced and rotated clockwise, until reaching most open position, now in the presence of returning spring, hook Hyoplastron rapidly returns back to initial position, that is, the company for completing two hitches 1000 hangs.

The railcar train of embodiment according to a second aspect of the present invention, including：Train body and hitch 1000, wherein hitch 1000 are located on train body, and hitch 1000 is the hitch 1000 according to the above-mentioned first aspect embodiment of the present invention.

Railcar train according to embodiments of the present invention, by setting the hitch 1000 of above-mentioned first aspect embodiment, so as to Improve the overall performance of railcar train.

In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer ", " up time The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or Position relationship, it is for only for ease of and describes the present invention and simplify description, rather than indicates or imply that signified device or element must There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.

In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the invention, " multiple " are meant that two or more, Unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be that machinery connects Connect or electrically connect, can also be communication；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be with It is connection or the interaction relationship of two elements of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, may be used To understand the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention as the case may be.

In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with office Combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, in the case of not conflicting, the skill of this area Art personnel can be tied the different embodiments or example and the feature of different embodiments or example described in this specification Close and combine.

Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not In the case of departing from the principle and objective of the present invention a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this The scope of invention is limited by claim and its equivalent.

Claims

A kind of 1. hitch, it is characterised in that including：

Gib head；

Connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod are connected with the gib head；

Buffer, the buffer include draw bar, rotating seat, Buffer Unit and fixed seat, and the draw bar is along the traction The axis of bar is movably located on the rotating seat, and the Buffer Unit respectively with the draw bar and the rotating seat phase Even, the rotating seat is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat in the horizontal direction, and the draw bar is connected with the connecting rod；

The buffer is provided with the horizontal centring device for being used for positioning the draw bar, and the horizontal centring device includes：

Lobe plate, the lobe plate are connected with being relatively fixed with the rotating seat, and the relatively described fixed seat of the lobe plate can Rotation；

Disk roller assembly, the disk roller assembly are fixed with the fixed seat relative position, and the disk roller assembly is suitable to described convex Wheel plate positions the lobe plate when being located at horizontal centring position.
2. hitch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Buffer Unit includes：

Housing, the housing are set in the outside of the draw bar and are spaced apart with the draw bar, the housing and the rotation Swivel base connects with being relatively fixed；

Block rubber, the block rubber are connected with the draw bar and the housing respectively.
3. hitch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that formed with the first stopper slot on the inner peripheral surface of the housing, Formed with second stopper slot relative with first stopper slot on the outer peripheral face of the draw bar, the block rubber is positioned at described Between housing and the draw bar, and a part for the block rubber is located in first stopper slot, another part is located at institute State in the second stopper slot.
4. hitch according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the housing includes upper lid and lower cover, the upper lid and institute State lower cover to cover and be enclosed on the outside of draw bar, the block rubber includes some around the traction rod arrangement, and described Block rubber include one or along the draw bar axially spaced-apart arrange it is multiple.
5. hitch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Buffer Unit is with the rotating seat by breaking bolt It is fixed together.
6. according to the hitch any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the rotating seat includes upper branch, lower branch Portion and connecting plate, the upper branch and the lower branch are that one end is rotatably coupled fixed seat and the other end and connecting plate phase Even.
7. hitch according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the Buffer Unit is located at the upper branch and the lower branch Between portion, and the Buffer Unit is connected with being relatively fixed with the connecting plate.
8. hitch according to claim 6, it is characterised in that upper rotary shaft and Shaft are set in the fixed seat, The upper rotary shaft and the Shaft are coaxial and are rotatably provided in the fixed seat, the upper rotary shaft with it is described on Branch is connected with being relatively fixed, and the Shaft is connected with being relatively fixed with the lower branch.
9. hitch according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the upper rotary shaft and the Shaft include：

The first axle part, have on the side face of one end of the first axle part and outward extend flange, the flange is against described solid The outside of reservation, the first axle part are rotatably provided in the fixed seat, and the first axle part and the rotating seat spiral shell Nail connection；

The second axle part, the second axle part and the first axle part are coaxial, and the second axle part is connected to the first axle part The other end, and the radial dimension of the second axle part is less than the radial dimension of the first axle part,

Wherein, the second axle part of the upper rotary shaft and upper branch's shaft hole matching, the second axle part of the Shaft with Lower branch's shaft hole matching.
10. hitch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the draw bar is docked with the connecting rod by garter spring.
11. according to the hitch any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the hitch also includes：

Vertical support, the vertical support support the draw bar, the height adjustable of the vertical support.
12. hitch according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the vertical support includes：

Bottom plate；

Upper plate, support block rubber is provided between the upper plate and the bottom plate；

Top plate, the top plate is connected with being relatively fixed with the upper plate, and supports draw bar above the top plate；

Adjusting rod, the adjusting rod are connected with the bottom plate and the buffer to adjust the height of the buffer respectively.
13. hitch according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the support block rubber vulcanizes one with the upper plate Rise.
14. hitch according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the upper plate is connected with the roof bolt.
15. hitch according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the upper end of the adjusting rod connects with the rotating seat screw thread Connect, the lower end of the adjusting rod is connected with the bottom plate and fixed by adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is used to adjust the bottom The spacing of plate and the rotating seat.
16. hitch according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the end of the adjusting rod is connected with two regulation spiral shells Mother, and two adjusting nuts are located at the both sides up and down of the bottom plate respectively.
17. hitch according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the adjusting rod is included on the support block rubber phase To at least two of arrangement.
18. hitch according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the upper plate is provided with vertically extending lead Bar, and the rotating seat is provided with guide groove corresponding with the guide rod, the guide rod is movably led with described along the vertical direction Groove coordinates.
19. hitch according to claim 18, it is characterised in that the opposite sides of the upper plate is equipped with the guide rod, And the bottom wall of the rotating seat is provided with and the one-to-one guide groove of the guide rod.
20. hitch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lobe plate is provided with the groove of eccentric setting, described A part for the disk roller assembly stretches into the groove when lobe plate is located at the horizontal centring position.
21. hitch according to claim 20, it is characterised in that in the circumference along the lobe plate groove be in from The shape that centre is gradually reduced to both ends depth.
22. hitch according to claim 20, it is characterised in that the groove include on the lobe plate axis and The plane of the axis composition of the draw bar be arranged symmetrically at least two, the disk roller assembly and the groove correspond.
23. hitch according to claim 20, it is characterised in that the groove is formed at the edge of the lobe plate, institute State the outside that is arranged radially at the lobe plate of the disk roller assembly along the lobe plate.
24. according to the hitch any one of claim 20-23, it is characterised in that the disk roller assembly includes：

Disk roller, the disk roller are suitable at least a portion and stretched into the groove；

Roller sliding bar, one end of the roller sliding bar are against the side that the disk roller deviates from the groove；

Spring, the spring housing is in the outside of the roller sliding bar and promotes the roller sliding bar all the time so that the roller sliding bar The roller is promoted to stretch into the groove.
25. hitch according to claim 24, it is characterised in that the roller stretches into the central angle of the groove part not More than 180 °.
26. hitch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is connected with parallel pin with being relatively fixed on the lobe plate, The parallel pin includes arranged for interval and multiple with the diameter parallel of the lobe plate, and multiple parallel pins are plugged into institute State and be connected with being relatively fixed with the rotating seat for the lobe plate on buffer.
27. hitch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outside of the fixed seat is provided with shell, the outer shell phase To being fixedly provided in the fixed seat, the lobe plate and the disk roller assembly are each provided at the inner side of the shell.
28. hitch according to claim 27, it is characterised in that slip ring is provided between the shell and the lobe plate.
29. hitch according to claim 27, it is characterised in that the shell includes：

Body, formed with flange face on the body, the lobe plate is located on the inside of the body；

Connecting portion, the connecting portion include being connected and connecting with the body, and the disk roller assembly is located in the connecting portion Side.
A kind of 30. railcar train, it is characterised in that including：

Train body；

Hitch, the hitch are located on the train body, and the hitch is according to any one of claim 1-29 Hitch.