CN106808688B - Area projection type 3D printing method and device - Google Patents

Area projection type 3D printing method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106808688B
CN106808688B CN201710112096.4A CN201710112096A CN106808688B CN 106808688 B CN106808688 B CN 106808688B CN 201710112096 A CN201710112096 A CN 201710112096A CN 106808688 B CN106808688 B CN 106808688B
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projection
light
printing
area
exposure
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CN106808688A (en
Inventor
张靖
金良
陈勇
王迪龙
金伟刚
曾祥伟
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Zhejiang Xunshi Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Xunshi Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

The invention discloses a region projection type 3D printing method and a device, wherein the device comprises a base, an exposure mechanism, a printing mechanism, a liquid containing mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the exposure mechanism, the printing mechanism, the liquid containing mechanism and the control mechanism are arranged on the base; the printing mechanism comprises a module and a printing platform which is slidably arranged on the module; the liquid containing mechanism comprises a material tank for containing printing solution and a driving assembly for driving the material tank to move; the exposure mechanism's exposure mouth corresponds with print platform, and the exposure mouth throws out light and dark looks spaced region light, forms and throws the dark space and throw the light zone, the light that throws the light zone passes through transparent material tank bottom and penetrates print platform directly. The area projection type 3D printing method and device are short in curing time and high in printing speed, and the printing speed of the area projection type 3D printing method and device is 2-10 times of that of a common 3D printer.

Description

Area projection type 3D printing method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a region projection type 3D printing method and device, and belongs to the field of 3D printing.
Background
The 3D printer is a machine using an additive manufacturing technique (i.e., a rapid prototyping technique), and its principle is that data and raw materials are put into the 3D printer, and the machine manufactures products layer by layer according to a program. At present, when the 3D printer is exposed and cured, the whole layer is integrally cured, and when the curing area is large, the curing time is long, so that the printing speed is greatly influenced.
In view of the above, the present inventors have studied this problem and developed a method and apparatus for 3D printing using area projection, which results from the above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an area projection type 3D printing method and device, which can realize quick and efficient 3D printing.
In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:
the area projection type 3D printing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, performing first projection on a printing platform: the exposure port projects light in a region with interval light and shade to form a projection dark region and a projection light region, the light of the projection light region projects a partial projection image to the printing platform through the bottom of the transparent material groove, and a printing solution in the projection range of the projection light region is solidified and stuck on the printing platform;
step 2, performing second projection on the printing platform: switching the projection dark area and the projection light area, removing the light of the projection light area during the first exposure, projecting light in the projection dark area during the first exposure, projecting the rest projection image to the printing platform by the projected light through the bottom of the transparent material groove, and solidifying and sticking the printing solution in the projection range on the printing platform;
step 3, completing the printing solution solidification of the whole solidified layer after at least two times of projection;
and 4, repeating the steps to print the second solidified layer until the printing is finished.
Preferably, the projected dark area and the projected light area are stripe-shaped or block-shaped, and when the projected dark area and the projected light area are stripe-shaped: in the step 1, the widths of the stripe lights are the same when the stripe lights are projected for the first time, and the distances between every two adjacent stripe lights are the same; when the material is blocky: the sizes and shapes of the blocky lights during the first projection in the step 1 are the same, and the distances between every two adjacent blocky lights are consistent.
Preferably, the width of the stripe light is 3 to 20mm. The block-shaped optical area is generally 1 to 100cm.
Preferably, the width of the stripe light in the second projection in step 2 is not less than the width of the non-stripe light in the first projection.
Preferably, the length of the block light projected for the second time in step 2 is equal to or greater than the length of the non-block light projected for the first time, and the width of the block light is equal to or greater than the width of the non-block light projected for the first time.
An area projection type 3D printing device comprises a base, and an exposure mechanism, a printing mechanism, a liquid containing mechanism and a control mechanism which are arranged on the base; the printing mechanism comprises a module and a printing platform which is slidably arranged on the module; the liquid containing mechanism comprises a material tank for containing printing solution and a driving assembly for driving the material tank to move; the exposure mechanism's exposure mouth corresponds with print platform, and the exposure mouth throws out light and dark looks spaced region light, forms and throws the dark space and throw the light zone, the light that throws the light zone passes through transparent material tank bottom and penetrates print platform directly.
Preferably, the sizes and shapes of the regions projected by the exposure ports at the same time are the same, and the pitches of the adjacent 2 projected light regions are the same.
Preferably, the driving assembly is a translation type driving assembly or an inclined pulling type driving assembly.
Preferably, the translation type driving assembly comprises a material groove fixing seat, a guide rail and a translation component for driving the material groove fixing seat to move, the guide rail is fixedly installed on the base panel, the bottom of the material groove fixing seat is installed on the guide rail in a sliding mode through a sliding block, and the side edge of the material groove fixing seat is connected with the translation component.
Preferably, the bottom of the material groove is of a non-smooth plane structure, and a low table top and a high table top corresponding to the projection dark area and the projection light area are arranged. The non-smooth planar structure can leave a certain gap between the bottom of the material tank and the printing platform, so that the solidified layer of the printing platform can be quickly separated from the bottom of the material tank.
Preferably, the high table top is fully transparent, the low table top is non-transparent, semi-transparent or fully transparent, and both sides of each high table top in the moving direction are the low table tops.
Preferably, the obliquely-pulling type driving assembly comprises a material groove fixing seat and an obliquely-pulling part for pulling the material groove fixing seat, one end of the material groove fixing seat is fixed on the base panel through a rotating shaft, the other end of the material groove fixing seat is connected with the obliquely-pulling part, and the material groove is pulled through the obliquely-pulling part to enable one side of the material groove to be pulled down slowly, so that a solidified layer of the printing platform is separated from the bottom of the material groove quickly.
Preferably, the bottom of the material tank is completely transparent.
Compared with the existing 3D printing device, the area projection type 3D printing method and device provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. the curing time is short: the exposure mechanism alternately projects the regional light to divide a large-area curing layer into a plurality of small areas, so that the region cured at the same time is reduced, the cured printing solution is quickly radiated, and the curing time is greatly shortened;
2. the printing speed is high: because the printing platform can rise quickly after separating from the bottom of the material tank, and the curing time is short, the material tank is smooth and the inclined drawing speed is high, the whole printing time can be greatly shortened and is 2 to 10 times of the printing speed of a common 3D printer.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a stripe projection type 3D printing apparatus according to embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a top view of the stripe projection 3D printing apparatus of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the material tank of example 1;
fig. 4 is a diagram of the material tank in embodiment 1 showing the correspondence between the positions of the low table top and the high table top and the positions of the projected dark area and the projected light area;
fig. 5 is a distribution diagram of positions of a projected dark area and a projected light area projected by the exposure mechanism of embodiment 2;
fig. 6 is a partial side view of the angled drive assembly of embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a stripe projection type 3D printing apparatus includes a base 1, and an exposure mechanism 2, a printing mechanism 3, a liquid containing mechanism 4, and a control mechanism 5, which are disposed on the base 1. Exposure mechanism 2 the exposure mechanism 2 is a projector, and specifically, a DLP projector may be used. Printing mechanism 3 includes module 31, slidable mounting printing platform 32 on module 31, printing platform 32 slides from top to bottom through the perpendicular lead screw that sets up in module 31 realization, and printing platform 32 links to each other with the lead screw, and the lead screw links to each other with screw motor, and through screw motor drive lead screw rotation, and then drive printing platform 32 and remove, at the printing in-process, printing platform 32 can rise at the uniform velocity. The control mechanism 5 is controlled by a microprocessor, and the control mechanism 5 is respectively connected with the exposure mechanism 2, the printing mechanism 3 and the liquid containing mechanism 4 and is used for controlling the actions of all the mechanisms. The exposure port of the exposure mechanism 2 corresponds to the printing platform 32, the exposure port projects stripe light with intervals of light and shade to form a projection dark area 21 and a projection light area 22 in a stripe shape, and the light of the projection light area 22 directly irradiates the printing platform 32 through a transparent part at the bottom of the material groove.
In this embodiment, the liquid containing mechanism 4 includes a material tank 41 for containing the printing solution, and a translation driving assembly for driving the material tank 41 to horizontally slide. The translation type driving assembly comprises a material groove fixing seat 42, a guide rail 43 and a translation part for driving the material groove fixing seat to move, the guide rail 43 is fixedly installed on the upper panel of the machine base, the bottom of the material groove fixing seat 42 is slidably installed on the guide rail 43 through a sliding block 44, and the side edge of the material groove fixing seat 42 is connected with the translation part. The translation part comprises a driving motor 45, a first gear 46 connected with the driving motor 45 and a second gear 47 meshed with the first gear 46, the second gear 47 adopts a bar gear, the second gear 47 is connected with a material groove fixing seat 42 through an elastic piece 48, two ends of the bar gear are respectively connected with the material groove fixing seat 42 through a linear spring, and through the linear spring, a certain buffer space can be formed when the driving motor 45 is driven, so that the driving motor 45 is prevented from being damaged due to excessive rotation. The working principle of the driving part is as follows: the first gear 46 and the second gear 47 are driven by the driving motor 45, so that the material tank fixing seat 42 is driven by the elastic member 48 to slide along the guide rail 43.
In order to accurately adjust the moving distance of the material groove 41, the upper panel 12 of the machine base is provided with a positioner 49, the positioner 49 can specifically adopt a horizontally placed micrometer, the moving distance of the material groove 41 can be adjusted through the micrometer, and specifically, when the machine base is used, in order to protect the micrometer from being collided and influencing the precision, a position-adjustable limiting block 491 is generally placed between the material groove 41 and the positioner 49, and the moving distance of the material groove 41 is indirectly adjusted through the limiting block 491. The positioner 49 is positioned at the moving end of the material groove fixing seat 42.
In order to ensure the accurate positioning of the initial position of the material tank 41, a position sensor 40 is further arranged on the upper panel 12 of the machine base, and the position sensor 40 is generally arranged at the moving initial end of a material tank fixing seat 42.
As shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the material tank 41 is a non-smooth planar structure, and is provided with a low platform 411 and a high platform 412 corresponding to the projection dark area 21 and the projection light area 22. Wherein the high mesa 412 must be fully transparent and the low mesa 411 may be fully transparent, translucent or non-transparent. During exposure, the high platform 412 is completely opposite to the projection light area 22, stripe light of the projection light area 22 penetrates through the transparent material groove bottom high platform 412 to directly irradiate the printing platform, the two sides of the moving direction of the high platform 412 are both the low platforms 411, on one hand, the material groove 41 with the non-smooth planar structure can enable a certain gap to be reserved between the material groove bottom and the printing platform, so that a solidified layer of the printing platform can be quickly separated from the material groove bottom, and on the other hand, the exposure edge can be ensured to be neat during moving. The height difference between the low table-board 411 and the high table-board 412 is 0.1mm-10mm. Assuming that the width of the low mesa 411 is Y, the width of the high mesa 412 is X, the width of the projected dark area 21 is B, and the width of the projected light area 22 is a, in order to ensure accurate printing of the 3D object, X ≧ a ≧ B ≧ Y, while X + Y = a + B, in this embodiment, X =7mm, Y =5mm, a =7mm, B =5mm.
The stripe projection type 3D printing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the control mechanism 5 controls the exposure mechanism 2, the printing mechanism 3 and the liquid containing mechanism 4 to start working, and the driving assembly drives the material tank 41 to be positioned to an initial position;
step 2, the printing platform 32 descends to the bottom of the material groove 41, at this time, the distance between the lower surface of the printing platform 32 and the height table surface 412 at the bottom of the material groove 41 is the thickness of single-layer printing, and the exposure mechanism 2 performs first projection: the exposure port projects light stripes with intervals of light and shade, the light stripes of the projection light area 22 project images to the printing platform 32 through the high table-board 412 at the bottom of the transparent material groove 41, so that the printing solution in the projection range is solidified and pasted on the printing platform 32; the widths of the first projected stripe lights are the same and are all 7mm;
step 3, moving the material groove 41 left or right for 6mm, namely moving: (X + Y)/2, the exposure mechanism 2 performs the second projection: switching stripe light, projecting stripe light in a non-stripe light region during the first exposure, wherein the stripe light projects the rest projection image to the printing platform 32 through the bottom of the transparent material groove 41, so that the printing solution in the projection range is solidified and is pasted on the printing platform 32; the widths of the stripe light projected for the second time are the same and are all 5mm;
step 4, completing printing of a single-layer cured layer after the first projection and the second projection, and moving the material tank 41 through the translation part to separate the printing platform 32 from the bottom of the material tank 41;
and 5, lifting the thickness of a curing layer after the printing platform 32 is separated from the bottom of the material groove 41, returning the material groove 41 to the initial position, and repeating the steps 2-4 to perform second-layer curing until the whole printing process is finished.
According to the stripe projection type 3D printing method and device, stripe light is projected alternately through the exposure mechanism 2, so that the curing area is reduced, the heat dissipation of the cured printing solution is fast, and the curing time is greatly shortened; because the printing platform 32 can rise quickly after being separated from the bottom of the material groove 41, and the curing time is short, the material groove 41 is smooth and fast, the whole printing time can be greatly shortened and is 2 to 10 times of the printing speed of a common 3D printer.
Example 2
The structure and the printing method of the projection type 3D printing apparatus described in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1, and the main difference is that the area light projected by the exposure mechanism 2 described in this embodiment is block-shaped, as shown in fig. 5. Projection dark areas projected by the exposure mechanism 2, blocky low table tops and high table tops corresponding to the projection light areas are arranged at the bottom of a material groove 41 of the projection type 3D printing device, and the projection dark areas and the projection light areas are generally 1 to 100cm. In order to ensure the integrity of the cured layer, an over-area exposure is sometimes used, i.e., the length of the block light projected for the second time is equal to or greater than the length of the non-block light projected for the first time, and the width of the block light is equal to or greater than the width of the non-block light projected for the first time.
Example 3
The projection type 3D printing device structure and the printing method described in this embodiment are substantially the same as those in embodiment 1, and mainly different from that, the material tank driving assembly described in this embodiment employs an inclined pulling type driving assembly, the inclined pulling type driving assembly includes a material tank fixing seat 42 'and an inclined pulling part for pulling the material tank fixing seat 42', one end of the material tank fixing seat 42 'is fixed on the base panel 12 through a rotating shaft 43', the other end is connected with the inclined pulling part 44', and the material tank 41 is pulled by the inclined pulling part 44' so that one side thereof is pulled down slowly, thereby realizing rapid separation of the cured layer of the printing platform 32 from the bottom of the material tank.
The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the product of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by one of ordinary skill in the art should be considered as not departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an area projection formula 3D printing device which characterized in that: comprises a base, an exposure mechanism, a printing mechanism, a liquid containing mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the exposure mechanism, the printing mechanism, the liquid containing mechanism and the control mechanism are arranged on the base; the printing mechanism comprises a module and a printing platform which is slidably arranged on the module; the liquid containing mechanism comprises a material tank for containing printing solution and a driving assembly for driving the material tank to move; an exposure port of the exposure mechanism corresponds to the printing platform, the exposure port projects light in a region with interval light and shade to form a projection dark region and a projection light region, the light in the projection light region directly irradiates the printing platform through a transparent material groove bottom, and the material groove bottom is of a non-smooth plane structure and is provided with a low table top and a high table top which correspond to the projection dark region and the projection light region; the high table tops are all transparent, the low table tops are non-transparent, semi-transparent or all transparent, and both sides of each high table top in the moving direction are low table tops; the drive assembly is translation formula drive assembly, translation formula drive assembly includes material groove fixing base, guide rail to and drive the translation part of material groove fixing base removal, guide rail fixed mounting is on the frame panel, slider slidable mounting is passed through on the guide rail material groove fixing base bottom, material groove fixing base side links to each other with the translation part.
2. An area projection 3D printing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sizes and shapes of the light projected by the exposure openings at the same time are the same, and the distances between the adjacent 2 projected light areas are consistent.
3. The area projection type 3D printing method applied to the area projection type 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
step 1, performing first projection on a printing platform: the exposure port projects light in a region with interval light and shade to form a projection dark region and a projection light region, the light of the projection light region projects a partial projection image to the printing platform through the bottom of the transparent material groove, and a printing solution in the projection range of the projection light region is solidified and stuck on the printing platform;
step 2, projecting for the second time to the printing platform: switching the projection dark area and the projection light area, removing the light of the projection light area during the first exposure, projecting light in the projection dark area during the first exposure, projecting the projected light to the printing platform through the bottom of the transparent material tank to enable the printing solution in the projection range to be cured and pasted on the printing platform, wherein the projection dark area and the projection light area are in a stripe shape or a block shape, the width of the stripe light projected for the second time is greater than that of the non-stripe light projected for the first time, the length of the block light projected for the second time is greater than that of the non-block light projected for the first time, and the width of the block light is greater than that of the non-block light projected for the first time;
step 3, finishing the solidification of the printing solution of the whole solidified layer after at least two times of projection;
and 4, repeating the steps to print the second solidified layer until the printing is finished.
4. The area-projection 3D printing method of claim 3, wherein: when the projection dark area and the projection light area are in a stripe shape: in the step 1, the widths of the stripe lights are the same when the stripe lights are projected for the first time, and the distances between every two adjacent stripe lights are the same; when the material is blocky: the sizes and shapes of the block lights during the first projection in the step 1 are the same, and the distances between every two adjacent block lights are consistent.
5. The area-projection 3D printing method of claim 3, wherein: the width of the stripe light is 3-20 mm. The block light area is generally 1-100 cm 2
CN201710112096.4A 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 Area projection type 3D printing method and device Active CN106808688B (en)

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