CN106804496A - Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method - Google Patents
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106804496A CN106804496A CN201611227662.8A CN201611227662A CN106804496A CN 106804496 A CN106804496 A CN 106804496A CN 201611227662 A CN201611227662 A CN 201611227662A CN 106804496 A CN106804496 A CN 106804496A
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- 241001327110 Macrobrachium rosenbergii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000269800 Percidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001222098 Xenocypris Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000587 glutaral Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001222095 Plagiognathops microlepis Species 0.000 description 16
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 14
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036449 good health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000009087 Crescentia cujete Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005983 Crescentia cujete Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009797 Lagenaria vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000028804 PERCHING syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238633 Odonata Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method, comprise the following steps：1）Cultivating pool prepares；2）Seed is put in a suitable place to breed；3）Fish are raised together with；4）Bait throwing in is applied fertilizer；5）Fish for.The present invention is mounted with Macrobrachium rosenbergii and perches device in cultivating pool, the device is by pvc pipe 1, steel cable 2, bamboo chip 3, latch closure 4, mesh sheet 5, ball float 6, weight 7, water hyacinth 8 and catkin bar 9 are constituted, wherein mesh sheet has three layers and perches bed as Macrobrachium rosenbergii, can be in the case where culturing area not be increased, increase Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches space, interfering between reduction Macrobrachium rosenbergii, so as to improve cultivation density indirectly, improve yield, every mu of yield has reached more than 1100kg, twice common cultural method, the P of Macrobrachium rosenbergii has been greatly reduced simultaneously, survival rate is to more than 85%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, more particularly, to Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method.
Background technology
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a kind of fast growth, and wide, the nutritious economic shrimps of recipe, the thin body fertilizer of its shell, meat is fresh
Tender, delicious flavour is nutritious.In addition to the local flavor for being rich in general Freshwater shrimps, it is full of in ripe Macrobrachium rosenbergii carapace
Gonad, taste with the special deliciousness for being similar to crab oil, at home and abroad the market demand is very big, and supply falls short of demand.Its cultivation
Pattern increasingly scale and industrialization.However, the highly dense intensive culture of current Macrobrachium rosenbergii does not solve Macrobrachium rosenbergii also
Internecine problem, could not obtain good culture efficiency, and the development of shrimp farming is annoying always.Therefore, according to Roche natural pond
The life characteristic of shrimp, invents a kind of new Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultural method, reduces or eliminates the mutually residual problem of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is to improve
The key of cultured output.
The content of the invention
For the Macrobrachium rosenbergii mutual residual and disease problem occurred frequently that existing cultural method is present, the invention provides Roche
Pond crayfish high-density layered formula intensive culture method, this is that one kind can significantly improve Macrobrachium rosenbergii intensive culture yield and reduction
The cultural method of disease.
The present invention is realized by following technology：
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method, comprises the following steps：
1）Cultivating pool prepares：At the beginning of 4 months or in 4 months, selection area is 5~8 mu of pond, and bottom of pond is flat, remove mud, stays sandy
Soil, pond bottom surface to ground level is 1.8~2.2m, and the side of pond four is with baseplane in 55 °~65 ° ramp rates at angle；Treat that soil property becomes
After dry, new 40~60cm of water is injected, every mu of use 100~150kg quick limes carry out disinfection；Every 2 mu set up 1~2 1~2kw and increase
Oxygen machine；Macrobrachium rosenbergii after placement is sterilized at 4~8m of aerator perches device；
2）Seed is put in a suitable place to breed：Quick lime is carried out disinfection after finishing 7~10 days, i.e. late April to pond, and 1.6 are filled to toward pond
~1.8m, is adjusted with sterilized organic fertilizer to water quality, when water quality is qualified, is put into the Roche natural pond that specification is 1.5~2cm
Shrimp seedling, breeding density is every mu 6.5~7.5 ten thousand tails；
3）Fish are raised together with：Until when shrimp seedling average production is to 2.2~2.8cm or so, it is put into the oblique jaw of thin squama that specification is 7~9cm
Silver xenocypris, input amount is every mu of 120~160 tails；
4）Bait throwing in is applied fertilizer：Feed mixed fodder of the protein content 30%~35%, day bait throwing in 2~3 times, the uniform dispenser of bait is in sieve
Family name pond crayfish is perched around device, and the stage of growth according to shrimp carries out the control of total daily ration, feeding quantity；Water quality was tested in every 3~5 days
And be adjusted with sterilized organic fertilizer；
5）Fish for：After raising 4 months, stay the small principle to carry out fishing for for the first time to Macrobrachium rosenbergii greatly according to catching, emphatically to 18~
More than 22g's is fished for into shrimp；After raising 5 months, for the second time to thoroughly being fished for into shrimp, while also fishing for the oblique jaw of thin squama
Silver xenocypris.
Macrobrachium rosenbergii has and occupies territorial behavior, within its " occupying area ", has attack to other shrimps.Inventor is in oxygenation
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is disposed to perch device around machine, the device has layering（Three-layer network piece）Structure, with mesh sheet to perch bed, Ke Yi
In the case of not increasing culturing area, life habit according to Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the ecological site for occupying set and prevent residual device, increase
Big Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches space, reduces interfering between Macrobrachium rosenbergii, so as to improve cultivation density indirectly, improves and produces
Amount, makes its yield reach more than the twice of common cultural method.
Generally, high-density breeding Macrobrachium rosenbergii needs oxygenation in 24 hours, when its reason is high-density breeding Macrobrachium rosenbergii,
The concentration class of pond crayfish is higher, makes the dissolved oxygen in local water body relatively low, it is necessary to long-time oxygenation improves the dissolved oxygen in water body.
In the present invention, inventor disposes Macrobrachium rosenbergii to perch device in water body, serves the more uniform dispersion of pond crayfish, is allowed to not
Easy large-scale aggregating, thus the working time of aerator can be reduced.
Generally, it is every mu 3~50,000 tails that seedling density is averagely put in pond culture.When raising together with, general is loach, bighead, silver carp
Fish etc., but these fishes have the shortcomings that to rob food with Macrobrachium rosenbergii, so increasing feeding volume, aquaculture cost are increased indirectly, and it is thin
The oblique jaw silver xenocypris of squama can make full use of humus, chip in pond etc., will not strive food with Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
In the present invention, the uniform dispenser of bait is perched around device in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, pond crayfish can be from perching bed to surrounding
Swim out of, eaten food, rather than used net cage is cultivated as conventional high-density, bait throwing in is in net cage.Fed in net cage
Food easily causes the accumulation of residual bait, makes net cage environmental degradation, improves the probability of happening of disease.High density used in the present invention
Layer-stepping intensive culture method has significant effect for reducing disease.
Preferably, the sterilization method that the Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device is：By volume proportion 1：Mass concentration is 2% by 6
Alkaline glutaric dialdehyde solution and volumetric concentration are that 75% ethanol solution carries out being mixed to get thimerosal, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii is perched into device
Immerse in the thimerosal, taken out after 24 hours and rinsed with clear water.
Preferably, step 1）The placement quantity that Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device is every mu of 3~5, pond.
Preferably, step 4）Always the standard that controls of daily ration, feeding quantity is：Day total feeding volume of shrimp seedling is the 8%~10% of shrimp body weight,
Day total feeding volume of juvenile prawn is the 4%~6% of shrimp body weight, and the day total feeding volume into shrimp is the 2%~3% of shrimp body weight.
Preferably, step 2）Or step 4）The qualified standard of water quality is：3~5mg/L of dissolved oxygen, pH value is 7~8.5, always
Hardness is 1~100mg/L, 23~31 DEG C of water temperature.
Preferably, the Macrobrachium rosenbergii perch device preparation process it is as follows：
a）Take pvc pipe（1）Connection is obtained two a length of 8~11m, the rectangular frame of a width of 3~5m；
b）Take six sections of steel cables（2）The centre position on the corresponding corner of two rectangular frames and rectangular frame side long is connected respectively,
Connection is finished, and it is the cuboid framework of 1.4~1.6m that expansion obtains height, and length phase is left in the corner of the cuboid framework top surface
Deng 5~10cm steel cable, the steel cable of 10~20cm of equal length is left in the corner of bottom surface；
c）The corner of cuboid framework top surface passes through steel cable and ball float（6）Connection, the corner of cuboid framework bottom surface passes through steel cable
With weight（7）Connection, the center of cuboid framework bottom surface is connected also through the steel cable with corner equal length with weight；
d）Latch closure is installed at 0.4~0.5m of cuboid framework top surface（4）, it is provided with parallel to bottom surface under latch closure fixation
15~30 mesh mesh sheet（5）；At 0.7~0.8m of cuboid framework top surface, cuboid framework bottom surface corner and side interposition long
Put and latch closure is also installed；Under the fixation of cuboid framework bottom surface corner latch closure, 15~30 mesh mesh sheet are installed；The mesh of two panels 30~40
Mesh sheet is consolidated by the latch closure in the latch closure at 0.7~0.8m of cuboid framework top surface and cuboid framework bottom surface Chang Bian centre positions
It is fixed；
e）Cuboid framework top surface is fixed with bamboo chip（3）, plantation has water hyacinth in bamboo chip（8）, the plantation of cuboid framework top surface
Water hyacinth sum is 25~35 plants；
f）Step d）Catkin bar is fixed with mesh sheet（9）, its density is every square metre of mesh sheet 2~3.
At present, Macrobrachium rosenbergii culture pond is often many drawbacks of the surrounding in pond plants the plants such as pasture and water, the method, such as sieve
The natural enemy damselfly larva of family name pond crayfish seedling and larva of dytiscids are easy in this local flourish, to the growth band of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling
To threaten；The plants such as other pasture and water are easy to outburst growth, it is difficult to control, occupy Water space, and a large amount of pasture and water are dead to rot,
Water quality can be ruined, the death of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is caused.Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the present invention perches device, and water calabash is planted using bamboo chip
Reed, can utilize the ecological dominance of water hyacinth, and its explosive growth can be very well controlled again, absorb the row of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in water body
Thing is let out, a good ecological environment is established to breeding water body.
Preferably, the material of the mesh sheet is polyethylene.
Preferably, the spacing of adjacent bamboo chip is 0.3~0.5m.
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method disclosed by the invention, its advantage is：
（1）Dispose the Macrobrachium rosenbergii of three-layer network piece to perch device in cultivating pool, with mesh sheet as bed is perched, do not increase cultivation
In the case of region, increase the space of perching of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, interfering between reduction Macrobrachium rosenbergii, so as to improve indirectly
Cultivation density, improves yield, its yield has been reached more than the twice of common cultural method；
（2）Perch dress and center bamboo chip in Macrobrachium rosenbergii and catkin bar is fixed with water hyacinth, mesh sheet planting, water can be utilized
Cucurbit, the ecological dominance of catkin bar, can very well control their explosive growth again, to breeding water body establish one it is good
Ecological environment；
（3）Overcome conventional high-density and cultivate environmental degradation, disease probability high caused by used net cage Feeding way etc.
Problem, greatly reduces the P of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, makes into shrimp survival rate and is guaranteed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that Macrobrachium rosenbergii of the invention perches device.
1 is pvc pipe in figure, and 2 is steel cable, and 3 is bamboo chip, and 4 is latch closure, and 5 is mesh sheet, and 6 is ball float, and 7 is weight, and 8 is water calabash
Reed, 9 is catkin bar.
Specific embodiment
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method of the present invention is further described below.Should manage
Solution, specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method described in the present embodiment, including following cultivation step：
At the beginning of 4 months, selection area is 5 mu of pond, 70m long, 50m wide, and bottom of pond is flat, wash in a pan as far as possible and remove mud, leaves sandy soil, pond
Pool bottom surface is 1.8m to height above ground level, and the side of pond four is with baseplane in 55 ° of ramp rates at angle.Treat that soil property is dried（Without water mark）
Afterwards, new water 40cm is injected, every mu is carried out disinfection with 100kg quick limes；2 2kw aerators of every 2.5 mu of erections, set up altogether 4
Aerator.Centered on every aerator, device, every aerator are perched away from Macrobrachium rosenbergii of the 5m placements in the center after sterilized
Around 5 Macrobrachium rosenbergiis be installed perch device, 5 mu of ponds are installed Macrobrachium rosenbergii and perch 20, device altogether.
Pond is carried out disinfection after finishing 10 days in quick lime, i.e., to late April, 1.6m is filled to toward pond, to pass through
The organic fertilizer of sterilization is adjusted to water quality, test water quality parameter be dissolved oxygen 4.3mg/L, pH value is 7.2, and total hardness is
13mg/L, 25 DEG C of water temperature.Taking 150 tail Luo pond crayfish fries carries out examination water, finds that shrimp seedling is in good health after 1 day, and beginning place into specification is
The Luo pond crayfish fries of 1.5cm, breeding density is every mu of 6.5 ten thousand tails, and 5 mu of ponds put into 32.5 ten thousand tail shrimp seedlings altogether.Until shrimp seedling is put down
When growing into 2.2cm or so, the Plagiognathops microlepis of specification 7cm is put into, input amount is every mu of 120 tails, and the thin squama of 600 tails is put into altogether
Oblique jaw silver xenocypris.The reason for being raised together with Macrobrachium rosenbergii using Plagiognathops microlepis is that Plagiognathops microlepis staple food is different with Macrobrachium rosenbergii,
Will not produce and strive food phenomenon.
In the present embodiment, the feed for being fed is the mixed fodder that protein content is 35%, day bait throwing in 3 times, respectively at 8
Point, 11 points and 17 points of each bait throwing in once, wherein 17 points of daily ration, feeding quantity accounts for the 45% of the same day total daily ration, feeding quantity, remaining daily ration, feeding quantity phase twice
Deng.Always the standard that controls of daily ration, feeding quantity is：Day total feeding volume of shrimp seedling is the 8% of shrimp body weight, and day total feeding volume of juvenile prawn is shrimp body weight
5%, into shrimp day total feeding volume for shrimp body weight 3%.The uniform dispenser of bait throwing in is perched around device in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and every 5 days right
Water quality is tested and is adjusted with sterilized organic fertilizer, and water quality index is controlled in 3~5mg/L of dissolved oxygen, and pH value 7~
8.5, below total hardness 100mg/L, 23~31 DEG C of water temperature.
Raise 4 months after, according to catch stay greatly small principle Macrobrachium rosenbergii is carried out for the first time fish for, emphatically to 18~22g
More than fished for into shrimp；After raising 5 months, for the second time to thoroughly being fished for into shrimp, while also fishing for Plagiognathops microlepis.
By metering and calculating, the raising of 5 months, the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 86.0%, and the body weight into shrimp is every 20~32g of tail, is put down
Equal per mu yield Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 1120Kg, another to receive Plagiognathops microlepis 220Kg.
In the present embodiment, Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device（As shown in Figure 1）Preparation process it is as follows：
a）Take the connection of pvc pipe 1 and two a length of 9m, the rectangular frame of a width of 4m are obtained；
b）The centre position that six sections of steel cables 2 connect the corresponding corner of two rectangular frames and rectangular frame side long respectively is taken, even
Connect and finish, it is the cuboid framework of 1.4m that expansion obtains height, and the 5cm of equal length is left in the corner of the cuboid framework top surface
Steel cable, the steel cable of the 10cm of equal length is left in the corner of bottom surface；
c）The corner of cuboid framework top surface is connected by steel cable with ball float 6, the corner of cuboid framework bottom surface by steel cable with
Weight 7 is connected, and the center of cuboid framework bottom surface is connected also through the steel cable with corner equal length with weight, in ball float and weight
In the presence of thing, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is perched device and is launched into cuboid framework structure naturally in water body, and weight is dwelt to Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Breath device also plays fixed effect, will not drift with the tide；
d）Latch closure is installed at cuboid framework top surface 0.4m（4）, 15 mesh parallel to bottom surface are installed under latch closure fixation
Mesh sheet（5）；At cuboid framework top surface 0.8m, cuboid framework bottom surface corner and side centre position long ring is also installed
Button；Under the fixation of cuboid framework bottom surface corner latch closure, 30 mesh mesh sheet are installed；The mesh mesh sheet of two panels 40 is by away from cuboid framework
The latch closure of latch closure and cuboid framework bottom surface Chang Bian centre positions at top surface 0.8m is fixed；
e）Cuboid framework top surface is fixed with bamboo chip（3）, the spacing of adjacent bamboo chip is 0.5m, and plantation has water hyacinth in bamboo chip（8）,
The water hyacinth sum of cuboid framework top surface plantation is 25 plants；
f）Step d）Catkin bar is fixed with mesh sheet（9）, its density is every square metre of mesh sheet 2.
The material of mesh sheet is polyethylene used in the present embodiment, need to be disappeared when disposing Macrobrachium rosenbergii to perch device
Poison, sterilization method is as follows：By volume proportion 1：Alkaline glutaric dialdehyde solution that mass concentration is 2% and volumetric concentration are 75% by 6
Ethanol solution carries out being mixed to get thimerosal, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii is perched into device immerses in the thimerosal, after 24 hours take out and with
Clear water is rinsed, and removal thimerosal is that can be used directly.
Embodiment 2
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method described in the present embodiment, including following cultivation step：
In 4 months, selection area is 8 mu of pond, 90m long, 60m wide, and bottom of pond is flat, wash in a pan as far as possible and remove mud, leaves sandy soil, pond
Pool bottom surface is 2.2m to ground level, and the side of pond four is with baseplane in 65 ° of ramp rates at angle.Treat that soil property is dried（Without water mark）Afterwards, note
Enter new water 60cm, every mu is carried out disinfection with 150kg quick limes；1 2kw aerator of every 2 mu of erections, sets up altogether 4 aerators.
Centered on every aerator, device is perched away from Macrobrachium rosenbergii of the 8m placements in the center after sterilized, pacified around every aerator
Fill 6 Macrobrachium rosenbergiis and perch device, 8 mu of ponds are installed Macrobrachium rosenbergii and perch 24, device altogether.
Pond is carried out disinfection after finishing 10 days in quick lime, i.e., to by the end of April, 1.8m is filled to toward pond, with through disappearing
Poison organic fertilizer water quality is adjusted, test water quality parameter be dissolved oxygen 4.1mg/L, pH value is 7.8, and total hardness is
23mg/L, 27 DEG C of water temperature.Taking 150 tail Luo pond crayfish fries carries out examination water, finds that shrimp seedling is in good health after 1 day, begins place into specification for 2cm
Luo pond crayfish fries, breeding density is every mu of 7.5 ten thousand tails, and 8 mu of ponds put into 600,000 tail shrimp seedlings altogether.Until shrimp seedling average production is arrived
During 2.8cm or so, the Plagiognathops microlepis of specification 9cm is put into, input amount is every mu of 160 tails, and 1280 tail Plagiognathops microlepis are put into altogether.
The reason for being raised together with Macrobrachium rosenbergii using Plagiognathops microlepis is that Plagiognathops microlepis staple food is different with Macrobrachium rosenbergii, will not produce
Food phenomenon is striven in life.
In the present embodiment, the feed for being fed is the mixed fodder that protein content is 35%, day bait throwing in 2 times, respectively at 8
Put with 18 points of each bait throwing in once, wherein 18 points of daily ration, feeding quantity accounts for the 60% of the same day total daily ration, feeding quantity.Always the standard that controls of daily ration, feeding quantity is：
Day total feeding volume of shrimp seedling is the 9% of shrimp body weight, and day total feeding volume of juvenile prawn is the 5.5% of shrimp body weight, into day total feeding volume of shrimp
It is the 2.8% of shrimp body weight.The uniform dispenser of bait throwing in is perched around device in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, water quality is tested and with through disappearing within every 3 days
The organic fertilizer of poison is adjusted, and water quality index is controlled in 3~5mg/L of dissolved oxygen, pH value 7~8.5, below total hardness 100mg/L,
23~31 DEG C of water temperature.
Raise 4 months after, according to catch stay greatly small principle Macrobrachium rosenbergii is carried out for the first time fish for, emphatically to 18~22g
More than fished for into shrimp；After raising 5 months, for the second time to thoroughly being fished for into shrimp, while also fishing for Plagiognathops microlepis.
By metering and calculating, the raising of 5 months, the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 85.1%, and the body weight into shrimp is every 20~32g of tail, is put down
Equal per mu yield Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 1430Kg, another to receive Plagiognathops microlepis 340Kg.
In the present embodiment, Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device（As shown in Figure 1）Preparation process it is as follows：
a）Take pvc pipe（1）Connection is obtained two a length of 11m, the rectangular frame of a width of 4.5m；
b）Take six sections of steel cables（2）The centre position on the corresponding corner of two rectangular frames and rectangular frame side long is connected respectively,
Connection is finished, and it is the cuboid framework of 1.6m that expansion obtains height, and equal length is left in the corner of the cuboid framework top surface
Leave the steel cable of the 20cm of equal length in the steel cable of 10cm, the corner of bottom surface；
c）The corner of cuboid framework top surface passes through steel cable and ball float（6）Connection, the corner of cuboid framework bottom surface passes through steel cable
With weight（7）Connection, the center of cuboid framework bottom surface is connected also through the steel cable with corner equal length with weight, in ball float
In the presence of weight, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is perched device and is launched into cuboid framework structure naturally in water body, and weight is to Roche natural pond
Shrimp perches device and also plays fixed effect, will not drift with the tide；
d）Latch closure is installed at cuboid framework top surface 0.5m（4）, 15 mesh parallel to bottom surface are installed under latch closure fixation
Mesh sheet（5）；At cuboid framework top surface 0.7m, cuboid framework bottom surface corner and side centre position long ring is also installed
Button；Under the fixation of cuboid framework bottom surface corner latch closure, 15 mesh mesh sheet are installed；The mesh mesh sheet of two panels 35 is by away from cuboid framework
The latch closure of latch closure and cuboid framework bottom surface Chang Bian centre positions at top surface 0.7m is fixed；
e）Cuboid framework top surface is fixed with bamboo chip（3）, the spacing of adjacent bamboo chip is 0.3m, and plantation has water hyacinth in bamboo chip（8）,
The water hyacinth sum of cuboid framework top surface plantation is 35 plants；
f）Step d）Catkin bar is fixed with mesh sheet（9）, its density is every square metre of mesh sheet 3.
The material of mesh sheet is polyethylene used in the present embodiment, need to be disappeared when disposing Macrobrachium rosenbergii to perch device
Poison, sterilization method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method described in the present embodiment, including following cultivation step：
In 4 months, selection area is 6 mu of pond, 80m long, 50m wide, and bottom of pond is flat, wash in a pan as far as possible and remove mud, leaves sandy soil, pond
Pool bottom surface is 2.0m to ground level, and the side of pond four is with baseplane in 60 ° of ramp rates at angle.Treat that soil property is dried（Without water mark）Afterwards, note
Enter new water 50cm, every mu is carried out disinfection with 130kg quick limes；1 2kw aerator of every 2 mu of erections, sets up altogether 3 aerators.
Centered on every aerator, device is perched away from Macrobrachium rosenbergii of the 7m placements in the center after sterilized, 4 are installed around every aerator
Individual Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device, and 5 mu of ponds are installed Macrobrachium rosenbergii and perch 12, device altogether.
Pond is carried out disinfection after finishing 9 days in quick lime, i.e., to late April, 1.7m is filled to toward pond, with through disappearing
Poison organic fertilizer water quality is adjusted, test water quality parameter be dissolved oxygen 4.1mg/L, pH value is 8.2, and total hardness is
25mg/L, 28 DEG C of water temperature.Taking 150 tail Luo pond crayfish fries carries out examination water, finds that shrimp seedling is in good health after 1 day, and beginning place into specification is
The Luo pond crayfish fries of 1.8cm, breeding density is every mu of 70,000 tails, and 6 mu of ponds put into 420,000 tail shrimp seedlings altogether.Until shrimp seedling is averagely given birth to
When growing to 2.4cm or so, the Plagiognathops microlepis of specification 8cm is put into, input amount is every mu of 140 tails, the 840 tails oblique jaw of thin squama is put into altogether
Silver xenocypris.The reason for being raised together with Macrobrachium rosenbergii using Plagiognathops microlepis is that Plagiognathops microlepis staple food is different with Macrobrachium rosenbergii, will not
Food phenomenon is striven in generation.
In the present embodiment, the feed for being fed is the mixed fodder that protein content is 30%, day bait throwing in 3 times, respectively at 8
Point, 13 points and 18 points of each bait throwing in once, wherein 18 points of daily ration, feeding quantity accounts for the 40% of the same day total daily ration, feeding quantity, remaining daily ration, feeding quantity phase twice
Together.Always the standard that controls of daily ration, feeding quantity is：Day total feeding volume of shrimp seedling is the 8% of shrimp body weight, and day total feeding volume of juvenile prawn is shrimp body weight
6%, into shrimp day total feeding volume for shrimp body weight 2.7%.The uniform dispenser of bait throwing in is perched around device in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, every 4 days
Water quality is tested and is adjusted with sterilized organic fertilizer, water quality index is controlled in 3~5mg/L of dissolved oxygen, pH value 7~
8.5, below total hardness 100mg/L, 23~31 DEG C of water temperature.
Raise 4 months after, according to catch stay greatly small principle Macrobrachium rosenbergii is carried out for the first time fish for, emphatically to 18~22g
More than fished for into shrimp；After raising 5 months, for the second time to thoroughly being fished for into shrimp, while also fishing for Plagiognathops microlepis.
By metering and calculating, the raising of 5 months, the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 85.1%, and the body weight into shrimp is every 20~32g of tail, is put down
Equal per mu yield Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 1360Kg, another to receive Plagiognathops microlepis 390Kg.
In the present embodiment, Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device（As shown in Figure 1）Preparation process it is as follows：
a）Take pvc pipe（1）Connection is obtained two a length of 8.5m, the rectangular frame of a width of 3.5m；
b）Take six sections of steel cables（2）The centre position on the corresponding corner of two rectangular frames and rectangular frame side long is connected respectively,
Connection is finished, and it is the cuboid framework of 1.5m that expansion obtains height, and equal length is left in the corner of the cuboid framework top surface
Leave the steel cable of the 15cm of equal length in the steel cable of 8cm, the corner of bottom surface；
c）The corner of cuboid framework top surface passes through steel cable and ball float（6）Connection, the corner of cuboid framework bottom surface passes through steel cable
With weight（7）Connection, the center of cuboid framework bottom surface is connected also through the steel cable with corner equal length with weight, in ball float
In the presence of weight, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is perched device and is launched into cuboid framework structure naturally in water body, and weight is to Roche natural pond
Shrimp perches device and also plays fixed effect, will not drift with the tide；
d）Latch closure is installed at cuboid framework top surface 0.4m（4）, 20 mesh parallel to bottom surface are installed under latch closure fixation
Mesh sheet（5）；At cuboid framework top surface 0.8m, cuboid framework bottom surface corner and side centre position long ring is also installed
Button；Under the fixation of cuboid framework bottom surface corner latch closure, 20 mesh mesh sheet are installed；The mesh mesh sheet of two panels 40 is by away from cuboid framework
The latch closure of latch closure and cuboid framework bottom surface Chang Bian centre positions at top surface 0.8m is fixed；
e）Cuboid framework top surface is fixed with bamboo chip（3）, the spacing of adjacent bamboo chip is 0.4m, and plantation has water hyacinth in bamboo chip（8）,
The water hyacinth sum of cuboid framework top surface plantation is 30 plants；
f）Step d）Catkin bar is fixed with mesh sheet（9）, its density is every square metre of mesh sheet 2.
The material of mesh sheet is polyethylene used in the present embodiment, need to be disappeared when disposing Macrobrachium rosenbergii to perch device
Poison, sterilization method is with embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Cultivating pool prepares：At the beginning of 4 months or in 4 months, selection area is 5~8 mu of pond, and bottom of pond is flat, remove mud, stays sandy
Soil, pond bottom surface to ground level is 1.8~2.2m, and the side of pond four is with baseplane in 55 °~65 ° ramp rates at angle；Treat that soil property becomes
After dry, new 40~60cm of water is injected, every mu of use 100~150kg quick limes carry out disinfection；Every 2 mu set up 1~2 1~2kw and increase
Oxygen machine；Macrobrachium rosenbergii after placement is sterilized at 4~8m of aerator perches device；
2）Seed is put in a suitable place to breed：Quick lime is carried out disinfection after finishing 7~10 days, i.e. late April to pond, and 1.6 are filled to toward pond
~1.8m, is adjusted with sterilized organic fertilizer to water quality, when water quality is qualified, is put into the Roche natural pond that specification is 1.5~2cm
Shrimp seedling, breeding density is every mu 6.5~7.5 ten thousand tails；
3）Fish are raised together with：Until when shrimp seedling average production is to 2.2~2.8cm or so, it is put into the oblique jaw of thin squama that specification is 7~9cm
Silver xenocypris, input amount is every mu of 120~160 tails；
4）Bait throwing in is applied fertilizer：Feed mixed fodder of the protein content 30%~35%, day bait throwing in 2~3 times, the uniform dispenser of bait is in sieve
Family name pond crayfish is perched around device, and the stage of growth according to shrimp carries out the control of total daily ration, feeding quantity；Water quality was tested in every 3~5 days
And be adjusted with sterilized organic fertilizer；
5）Fish for：After raising 4 months, stay the small principle to carry out fishing for for the first time to Macrobrachium rosenbergii greatly according to catching, emphatically to 18~
More than 22g's is fished for into shrimp；After raising 5 months, for the second time to thoroughly being fished for into shrimp, while also fishing for the oblique jaw of thin squama
Silver xenocypris.
2. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sieve
The sterilization method that family name pond crayfish perches device is：By volume proportion 1：6 by alkaline glutaric dialdehyde solution that mass concentration is 2% and volume
Concentration is that 75% ethanol solution carries out being mixed to get thimerosal, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii is perched into device immerses in the thimerosal, 24 hours
Take out afterwards and rinsed with clear water.
3. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1）
The placement quantity that Macrobrachium rosenbergii perches device is every mu of 3~5, pond.
4. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4）
Always the standard that controls of daily ration, feeding quantity is：Day total feeding volume of shrimp seedling is the 8%~10% of shrimp body weight, and day total feeding volume of juvenile prawn is shrimp body
The 4%~6% of weight, the day total feeding volume into shrimp is the 2%~3% of shrimp body weight.
5. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2）
Or step 4）The qualified standard of water quality is：3~5mg/L of dissolved oxygen, pH value is 7~8.5, and total hardness is 1~100mg/L, water temperature
23~31 DEG C.
6. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sieve
The preparation process that family name pond crayfish perches device is as follows：
a）Take pvc pipe（1）Connection is obtained two a length of 8~11m, the rectangular frame of a width of 3~5m；
b）Take six sections of steel cables（2）The centre position on the corresponding corner of two rectangular frames and rectangular frame side long is connected respectively,
Connection is finished, and it is the cuboid framework of 1.4~1.6m that expansion obtains height, and length phase is left in the corner of the cuboid framework top surface
Deng 5~10cm steel cable, the steel cable of 10~20cm of equal length is left in the corner of bottom surface；
c）The corner of cuboid framework top surface passes through steel cable and ball float（6）Connection, the corner of cuboid framework bottom surface passes through steel cable
With weight（7）Connection, the center of cuboid framework bottom surface is connected also through the steel cable with corner equal length with weight；
d）Latch closure is installed at 0.4~0.5m of cuboid framework top surface（4）, it is provided with parallel to bottom surface under latch closure fixation
15~30 mesh mesh sheet（5）；At 0.7~0.8m of cuboid framework top surface, cuboid framework bottom surface corner and side interposition long
Put and latch closure is also installed；Under the fixation of cuboid framework bottom surface corner latch closure, 15~30 mesh mesh sheet are installed；The mesh of two panels 30~40
Mesh sheet is consolidated by the latch closure in the latch closure at 0.7~0.8m of cuboid framework top surface and cuboid framework bottom surface Chang Bian centre positions
It is fixed；
e）Cuboid framework top surface is fixed with bamboo chip（3）, plantation has water hyacinth in bamboo chip（8）, the plantation of cuboid framework top surface
Water hyacinth sum is 25~35 plants；
f）Step d）Catkin bar is fixed with mesh sheet（9）, its density is every square metre of mesh sheet 2~3.
7. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the net
The material of piece is polyethylene.
8. Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-density layered formula intensive culture method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that adjacent bamboo
The spacing of piece is 0.3~0.5m.
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| CN107821272A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-23 | 叶生祥 | A kind of aquatic organism breeding apparatus of multilayer cycling structure |
| CN110432197A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-12 | 广西壮族自治区水产技术推广总站 | A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding cage and cultural method |
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| CN111466331A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-31 | 中国水产科学研究院 | Artificial ecological pond culture method and device for freshwater shrimps |
| CN115281144A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-04 | 广西壮族自治区水产技术推广站 | Land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding system and method |
| CN115517210A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-12-27 | 南昌大学 | A suspending device for reservoir culture pearl mussel |
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