CN1068032C - Hydrocarbon preparing method and equipment using household refuse and/or organic waste - Google Patents
Hydrocarbon preparing method and equipment using household refuse and/or organic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN1068032C CN1068032C CN98117823A CN98117823A CN1068032C CN 1068032 C CN1068032 C CN 1068032C CN 98117823 A CN98117823 A CN 98117823A CN 98117823 A CN98117823 A CN 98117823A CN 1068032 C CN1068032 C CN 1068032C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method and a device for preparing hydrocarbons by using household refuse and/or organic waste, particularly a method and a device for preparing hydrocarbons by thermally and catalytically cracking the organic waste at two different reaction temperature. The production of the hydrocarbons is continuous, and the present invention also discloses a catalyst required for the production.
Description
The present invention relates to from domestic refuse and or organic waste produce the method and apparatus of hydro carbons.Particularly by thermo-cracking and catalytic pyrolysis from domestic refuse and or organic waste produce the method and apparatus of hydro carbons.
Along with the development of society and the raising of people's living standard, the organism component content improves constantly in domestic refuse and the rubbish, and existent environment of people is produced serious harm.Handle effectively that these wastes make that it is innoxious, resource utilization has become the problem that the whole world is generally paid attention to and studied.
Domestic refuse composition complexity.Burning method of the prior art exists weakness such as investment is big, tail gas pollution atmosphere, cogeneration cost height.Landfill method exist occupy cultivated land in a large number, polluted source, can not resource utilization serious disadvantage.Prior art discloses some and has solved the technical scheme of this respect problem, for example: Chambers discloses the equipment of being produced hydro carbons by damaged tire and industry and domestic refuse in USP4.235.676, and disclosed equipment adopts that easy coking, deslagging difficulty are fixed, reacted to vacuum system, reactor, producing can not continuity.Disclose at EP-A-0607812 (application people be MaZda Motor Corporation) and a kind ofly to have produced the method and apparatus of hydro carbons from plastic waste or waste rubber, reactor is vertical, discloses the discharge method of reaction residues.Above method all can not while and continuous domestic refuse and or the organic waste of handling the composition complexity.The present patent application people has applied for producing from organic or high molecular waste material the method and apparatus of hydro carbons in PCT/CN97/00124, adopt horizontal rotation scission reaction still.Because the whole process of scission reaction is to carry out in same reactor, must keeps reactor and be in and to satisfy the required heat of scission reaction under the condition of high temperature.But the easy temperature distortion of reactor steel under the condition of high temperature, reactor can't rotate.Therefore, can only reduce temperature of reaction in the production and keep the material of reacting indeformable, cause scission reaction not exclusively, the decomposition of raw material is not thorough, charging and deslagging all belong to intermittent type.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide from domestic refuse and or organic waste produce the method and apparatus of hydro carbons.More specifically, the invention provides the thermo-cracking and the catalytic pyrolysis that same raw material are carried out twice two kinds of differing tempss, with the production method of continuously feeding and continuous discharging slag, from domestic refuse and or organic waste produce the method and apparatus of hydro carbons.The present invention can make the domestic refuse that pile up like a mountain subtract appearanceization, innoxious, resource utilization.
Method of the present invention comprises:
With described rubbish and or waste pulverize or do not pulverize, ceaselessly push continuously in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still with feeding screw, rotation and reacting by heating still carry out first step scission reaction.The gas phase hydrocarbon that first step scission reaction is generated is discharged reactor, simultaneously, undecomposed reaction residues is completely ceaselessly entered in another airtight helical stir reactor continuously.Give the heating of helical stir reactor, the screw mixer that electricity consumption drives in the reactor rotates continuously, the residue that first step scission reaction is produced is proceeded the second stage scission reaction under the hot conditions in the helical stir reactor, the organism in the residue is thoroughly decomposed.Simultaneously, the inorganic remnant that second stage scission reaction is produced is ceaselessly discharged continuously from the helical stir reactor.The gas phase hydrocarbon that second stage scission reaction is generated is discharged reactor.The hydro carbons that collection is drawn by reactor.
In the aforesaid method, scission reaction comprises heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction.Catalytic cracking reaction is to carry out on the catalytic fixed bed that places reactor inside, and catalyst system therefor is a SR-1 type catalyzer, and catalyzed reaction institute heat requirement is supplied with by the reactor internal heat.Scission reaction can be kept normal pressure or be higher than normal pressure, and first step scission reaction temperature is 350-600 ℃, and second stage scission reaction temperature is 600-1000 ℃.
Equipment of the present invention mainly comprises horizontal revolving reaction still, helical stir reactor and hydrocarbon ils collection device.
Described horizontal revolving reaction still comprises: cylindrical housings, and the circular support roller (every group of two support rollers) by several groups of lower housing portion can be rotated flexibly supports cylindrical housings on the ground, and housing can suitablely or contrary rotate; The round tooth wheel disc is enclosed within on the identical cylindrical housings wall of the outer-rotor of diameter, and employing welding or bolt are fixed or be connected, the driving gear disc spins, and then cylindrical reactor housing is followed synchronous rotation; The round thread steel band as the nut internal thread, evenly is fixed on the cylindrical housings inwall, and when cylindrical housings was rotated, the round thread steel band on the inner walls rotated synchronously; Screw feeder, it is disposed at an end of horizontal revolving reaction still, is connected with traditional mechanical seal or other sealing method between the reactor cylindrical housings of the casing of fixed screw feeder and continuously rotation; The residue collecting chamber, it is disposed at the other end of horizontal revolving reaction still, is connected with traditional mechanical seal or other sealing method between the reactor cylindrical housings of fixed collecting chamber and rotation; Fixed bed, the top of its arranged perpendicular in the residue collecting chamber communicates with the gas-phase product outlet of reactor.
Described helical stir reactor comprises: cylindrical housings, fix on the ground motionlessly, and housing one end top is the import of raw material, the other end connects the residue collecting chamber; Fixed bed, the top of its arranged perpendicular in the residue collecting chamber communicates with the gas-phase product outlet that second stage scission reaction is produced; Screw mixer is installed in cylindrical housings inside, drives with buncher to make it at the housing internal rotation; The spiral slag off apparatus is installed in the bottom of residue collecting chamber.The residue outlet of collecting chamber bottom is connected with the import of spiral slag off apparatus material.
Brief description of drawings Fig. 1 is that the simple and easy schema Fig. 2 that produces hydro carbons with present device is horizontal revolving reaction still of the present invention and helical stir reactor equipment drawing.
The present invention is auspicious to be stated:
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of from domestic refuse and or the organic waste method of producing hydro carbons.Comprise: with domestic refuse and or organic waste be ground into 35 centimetres of following shapes, promotion by feeding screw, pack in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still, rotation and reacting by heating still carry out first step scission reaction, the gas phase hydrocarbon that reaction is generated is discharged reactor, and the reaction remnant continuously enters another airtight helical stir reactor and proceeds second stage Pintsch process reaction.The gas phase hydrocarbon that reaction generates is discharged reactor, collects the gas phase hydrocarbon that first and second grade scission reaction produces by traditional method.The residue that second stage scission reaction is discharged has been decomposed thoroughly, does not contain the organism composition.Residue obtains commercial inorganic filler and scrap metal after pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation.
In the aforesaid method step, described scission reaction comprises heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction.If the organism composition is few in domestic refuse or the raw material, then do not put catalyzer in the catalytic fixed bed, do not need catalytic cracking reaction, only need heat scission reaction to get final product; If contain polymer organic wastes such as a large amount of plastic waste, waste rubber, the dregs of fat, sump oil in the domestic refuse, then need hot cracked reaction and catalytic cracking reaction just can finish.
Described catalytic cracking reaction is to carry out on the fixed bed that is disposed in two kinds of reactors, and catalyzed reaction institute heat requirement is supplied with by the reactor internal heat.First step cracking temperature is 350-600 ℃, and second stage cracking temperature is 600-1000 ℃.Be mounted with the required catalyzer of catalytic cracking reaction on the fixed bed.Usually select SR-1 type catalyzer for use, it consists of CHO-1 is 5%, and CHO-1 is a trade(brand)name, and Chinese Qilu Petrochemical factory produces; REY is 20%; Silica alumina ratio be 12: 1 mordenite be 30% and ZSM-5 be 45%, each component is carried out can be used for catalytic cracking reaction of the present invention behind the thorough mixing.
Above-mentioned reaction is normal pressure or is higher than normal pressure.Gas-phase product through obtaining after first and second grade scission reaction obtains the hydrocarbon ils and the inflammable gas of various uses after conventional method condensation, separation.The inorganic residues that second stage scission reaction produces is discharged outside the still, obtain commercial inorganic filler and scrap metal through pulverizing, magnetic separation with after separating.
The domestic refuse that available the inventive method is handled and or organic waste comprise: domestic refuse, life and industrial organic waste, plastic waste, damaged tire, waste rubber, mud, wood chip, sandy crude, residual oil, heavy oil and other polymer organic waste.
Particularly, method of the present invention comprises step:
1, domestic refuse or organic waste are ground into block below 35 centimetres, the continuously ceaselessly promotion by feeding screw, ceaselessly pump in the feeding screw continuously with pump in the horizontal revolving reaction still of the airtight first step of packing into or with the liquid organic waste, and push in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still;
2, the horizontal revolving reaction still of electricity driving rotates, and gives the reactor heat supply with high-temperature flue gas, and the material in the reactor is ceaselessly rotated and rolling forward, and first step heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction take place.The gas phase hydrocarbon that scission reaction produces is discharged outside the still, collects by traditional method.The residue that is not decomposed is fully discharged from the residue collecting chamber of reactor bottom, and directly falls into another helical stir reactor and carry out second stage Pintsch process reaction;
3, give another helical stir reactor heat supply with high-temperature flue gas, electricity consumption drives the screw mixer rotation in the reactor, and the first step scission reaction remaining solid remnant that is not decomposed is completely proceeded second stage Pintsch process reaction in this reactor; Because ceaselessly the rotation stirring and pushing effect forward continuously of stirrer in the reactor, the residue that second stage scission reaction is produced directly falls into residue collecting chamber bottom, and the spiral slag off apparatus outside the bottom is discharged outside the still; Residue does not contain organism, obtains industrial raw material such as mineral filler, metal through pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation.
4, the gas phase hydrocarbon of heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction generation is collected by traditional method, promptly carried out fractionation, condensation, make with extra care, obtain at last various lower boiling hydrocarbon ils (gasoline, diesel oil, oil fuel) and inflammable gas.The final residue of scission reaction (if tire, residue is a carbon black, and hydrocarbon ils is a gasoline, diesel) obtains industrial raw material such as mineral filler, metal after pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation.
Another object of the present invention provides the equipment of realizing aforesaid method, mainly comprises horizontal revolving reaction still, helical stir reactor and hydrocarbon ils collection device.
Described horizontal revolving reaction still comprises: cylindrical housings, the circular support roller (every group is two support rollers) that can rotate flexibly by several groups of lower housing portion is supported on the ground.The housing outer wall is set with the circumferential teeth wheel disc identical with its diameter.Suitable or the contrary rotation of electricity consumption drive gear disk, then cylindrical housings is subjected to the support of support roller to follow synchronous rotation.The cylindrical housings periphery is fixed thermal insulation layer, is heating chamber between housing and the thermal insulation layer.Wherein, advance for the high-temperature flue gas of reactor housing heating from heating chamber one end,, discharge from the other end through heating chamber.Uniform distribution is as the layer upon layer of circumferential screw thread of nut internal thread steel band on the cylindrical housings inwall, and it can make the intravital material of shell move forward or backward when housing rotates.One end of cylindrical housings is connected and fixed the formula feeding screw, and the other end is connected and fixed formula residue collecting chamber.Between rotatable cylindrical housings and fixed feeding screw in its two ends and the residue collecting chamber and with fixed insulating between all adopt traditional mechanical seal to be connected with other sealing method.The inner and upper of residue collecting chamber is lifted with catalytic fixed bed, and the gas phase hydrocarbon that heat scission reaction produces is outside fixed bed is discharged still.
Described helical stir reactor comprises:
Cylindrical housings, housing can be circular, microscler or groove cylindricality, fix on the ground, and cylindrical housings inside is rotatable screw mixer; The two ends of cylindrical housings are respectively the residue import of first step scission reaction discharge and the residue collecting chamber of second stage scission reaction; The cylindrical housings outside is the heating chamber that the insulation insulated wall is surrounded, and the two ends of heating chamber are respectively to the import of the high-temperature flue gas of housing heat supply and outlet.The gas phase hydrocarbon that scission reaction produces is discharged reactor after the catalytic fixed bed of residue collecting chamber inner and upper, catalytic fixed bed communicates with the outlet of reactor gas phase thing.
Particularly, equipment of the present invention comprise horizontal revolving reaction still (1), along or reverse buncher (4), helix stirred reactor (26), roasting kiln (10), heating chamber (11), catalytic fixed bed (14) and (16), condenser (23), hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24), water-sealed tank devices such as (25) composition (see figure 1).Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
Horizontal revolving reaction still (1) comprising:
Cylindrical housings (22), the circular support roller (5) that can rotate flexibly by several groups of housing (22) bottoms support cylindrical housings (22) on the ground.Housing (22) wall of the outer-rotor is equipped with and the identical circumferential toothed disc (6) of this (22) outer diameter of shell, and toothed disc (6) is involutory with pinion(gear) dish (7), and pinion(gear) dish (7) driven gear dish (6) rotates, and makes cylindrical housings (22) follow synchronous rotation.The outside of cylindrical housings (22) is the heating chamber (11) that fixed insulating (9) is surrounded, wherein, enter for the high-temperature flue gas of cylindrical housings (22) heating from heating chamber (11) one ends (12), discharge from the other end (8) through heating chamber (11) back.Cylindrical housings (22) inwall is uniform-distribution with the silky screw thread of circumferential layer by layer steel band (2) in the picture nut, when cylindrical housings (22) along or during contrary rotation, the material in the housing (22) is moved by the rotation pushing effect of screw thread steel band (2) forward or backward.One end of cylindrical housings (22) is connected and fixed formula feeding screw (3), and the other end is connected and fixed formula residue collecting chamber (13).Between fixed feeding screw of rotatable cylindrical housings (22) and its two ends (3) and the residue collecting chamber (13) and and fixed insulating (9) between, all adopt traditional mechanical seal or other sealing method to link to each other.The inner and upper of residue collecting chamber (13) is lifted with catalytic fixed bed (14), the gas phase hydrocarbon that scission reaction produces is all discharged from the outlet (15) of reactor by fixed bed (14) back, in condenser (23) arrives hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24), incoagulable gas enters water-sealed tank (25), and discharges from jar (25) top.The remnant that horizontal revolving reaction still (1) is discharged directly falls into the feed port (18) of helix stirred reactor (26) through residue collecting chamber (13).
Helical stir reactor (26) comprising:
Cylindrical housings (21), housing (21) fixes on the ground, the two ends of cylindrical housings (21) are respectively material inlet (18) and reaction residues collecting chamber (27), the residue import of first step scission reaction discharge just and the outlet of second stage scission reaction residue.Rotatable screw mixer (19) is installed in the cylindrical housings (21).Drive its rotation with buncher (4).Cylindrical housings (21) outside is the heating chamber (11) that is surrounded by the heat insulating wall, the two ends of heating chamber (11) are respectively that the gas phase hydrocarbon that scission reaction produces is outside still internal fixing bed (16) is discharged still to the import (12) of the high-temperature flue gas of housing (21) heat supply and outlet (8).The gas phase hydrocarbon flows into hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24) through condenser (23), and incoagulable gas enters water-sealed tank (25), and discharges from jar (25) top.Adopt coal, heavy oil or inflammable gas in roasting kiln (10), burn the production high-temperature flue gas through the hole (12) to helical stir reactor (26) and horizontal revolving reaction still (1) heat supply.Solid or liquid starting material enter in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still (1) continuously by the pushing effect of feeding screw (3), and the gas phase hydrocarbon that first step heat scission reaction produces catalytic fixed bed (14) in still (1) is discharged from still outlet (15).Reaction residues directly falls into another helical stir reactor (26) from residue collecting chamber (13) bottom, the rotation of helical stir machine (19) stir and promote forward and the effect of heat under, second stage Pintsch process reaction takes place, organism is thoroughly decomposed, and the inorganic residues under the residue is discharged from the mud hole (20) of residue collecting chamber (27) bottom; Discharge outside the still (26) behind the fixed bed (16) of the gas phase hydrocarbon that thermo-cracking produces top in residue collecting chamber (27).Go into condenser (23) then, enter hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24) at last, incoagulable gas enters water-sealed tank (25).
1 and 2 pair of method of the present invention is further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With crusher with domestic refuse and or organic waste be crushed to block below 35 centimetres, pack in feed bin (28) and the screw feeder (3) or liquid starting material pumped in feed bin (28) and the screw feeder (3) with lift with pump.Ceaselessly promotion rotation forward continuously by screw feeder (3), solid or liquid starting material are continuously pushed in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still (1), burning in roasting kiln (10) with coal, heavy oil or inflammable gas produces high-temperature flue gas, and high-temperature flue gas is given reactor (1) heat supply through heating chamber (11).Rotate with buncher (4) drive pinion (7), pinion(gear) (7) drives the cylindrical gear dish (6) that is involutory and rotates, and toothed disc (6) fixes with cylindrical housings (22), follows its synchronous rotation.Raw material is followed in horizontal revolving reaction still (1) ceaselessly and to be rolled, and is heated evenly, and is subjected to that Deformed Steel Bars band (2) effect layer by layer ceaselessly moves forward on reactor (1) inwall.According to arts demand, buncher (4) can along or counter rotating, horizontal revolving reaction still (1) is also followed clockwise or counter rotating synchronously, the material in the still (1) also advances thereupon or falls back.Heat scission reaction after being heated, the organic waste in the still (1) takes place earlier, the reaction remnant directly falls into another helical stir reactor (26) through residue collecting chamber (13), the gas phase hydrocarbon that reaction produces enters fixed bed (14), with the catalyzer generation catalytic cracking reaction [, catalytic cracking reaction not taking place then] in the fixed bed (14) if do not have catalyzer in the fixed bed (14).The gas phase hydrocarbon that reaction generates flows into condenser (23) through still outlet (15), enters hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24) then, becomes the low-boiling point liquid hydrocarbon ils and is stocked.Hydrocarbon ils can be purified to gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil by the further fractionation of traditional oil refining method.Heavy oil can turn back to reactor (1) again to carry out cracking or sells as merchantable fuels oil.Do not entered water-sealed tank (25), and discharge, turn back to burning utilization again in the roasting kiln (10) from water-sealed tank (25) top by agglomerative gas.
This horizontal revolving reaction still (1) has material and is difficult for that coking, heat transfer efficiency height, speed of response are fast, the characteristic of production serialization.Yet in order to improve suitability for industrialized production output, this horizontal revolving reaction still (1) must possess the volume that adapts.The cylindrical tube of reactor (1) is long more or diameter is big more, can both augmenting response still volume, and temperature distortion or reactor (1) decentraction can not be rotated easily under hot conditions but volume increases the steel that cause reactor.Therefore, adopt the lesser temps steel to be not easy distortion, help equipment and run well.But low temperature causes scission reaction not thorough, decomposes not exclusively, also contains a certain amount of organism in the reaction remnant, need proceed scission reaction under the hot conditions of the second stage, to guarantee that residue does not contain organic composition, realizes the innoxious of rubbish.
Second stage Pintsch process reaction is to carry out in another helical stir reactor (26).With coal, heavy oil or inflammable gas in roasting kiln (10), burn produce high-temperature flue gas through the hole (12) and heating chamber (11) to helical stir reactor (26) heat supply, electricity consumption starts buncher (4) and drives screw mixer (19) rotation in the still (26), and a small amount of or little volumetrical remnant that first step scission reaction produces is given birth to second stage high temperature pyrolysis reaction at this helical stir reactor (26) relaying supervention.Because level of residue is few, this helical stir reactor (26) diameter is also little, and cylindrical housings (21) maintains static, so reactor (26) is difficult for temperature distortion under the certain high temperature state, both make slight distortion, also do not influenced the rotation of screw mixer (19) in the reactor (26).Because heat scission reaction temperature height, organism composition in the residue is become the gas phase hydrocarbon by deep pyrolytic thorough the decomposition, the gas phase hydrocarbon enters in the fixed bed (16) of residue collecting chamber (27) internal upper part, with the catalyzer generation catalytic cracking reaction in the fixed bed, catalyzed reaction institute heat requirement is supplied with by the interior heat of reactor (26), after catalyzed reaction produces gas phase hydrocarbon discharge reactor (26), flow into condenser (23) and enter hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24), incoagulable gas is gone into water-sealed tank (25), and discharge from the top of jar (25), turning back in the roasting kiln (10) burning and recycling.Second stage Pintsch process reacts and does not contain organism in the remaining residue, become inorganic residues, and in residue collecting chamber (27) bottom that the stirring of screw mixer (19) promotes to enter down reactor (26), outside the effect discharge still of bottom spiral slag off apparatus (30).Inorganic residues obtains industrial raw material such as mineral filler and metal after pulverizing, magnetic separation, purification.
Below illustrate in greater detail the present invention by specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited.
Embodiment 1 domestic refuse
Domestic refuse is become block (not needing sorting) below 35 centimetres with crusher in crushing, pack in feed bin (28) and the screw feeder (3) with lift, the rotation by screw feeder (3) promotes to pack in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still (1).Be respectively charged into a certain amount of SR-1 type catalyzer in the fixed bed (14 and 16) in the reactor (1 and 26).Driving reactor (1) rotation uses the high-temperature flue gas that produces in the roasting kiln (10) to reactor (1) the outer wall heat supplied in the heating chamber (11).First step heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction take place in the material in the still (1) when rotation is rolled and is heated.Production belongs to serialization, raw material is constantly packed in the still (1) by screw feeder (3), the rotation pushing effect that material is subjected to the rotation of still shell body (21) and inner walls screw thread steel band (2) in the still (1) is scroll-up/down and moving forward ceaselessly, material is heated evenly, the noncoking of still wall, heat-transfer effect is good, rate of cleavage is fast, be reflected under 0.02-0.3MPa and 400-600 ℃ of condition and carry out, the gas phase hydrocarbon that produces in the reaction is constantly discharged outside the still (1), flow into hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24) through condenser (23), become the lower boiling hydrocarbon ils.Not by agglomerative inflammable gas H
2And C
1-C
4Hydro carbons feeds water-sealed tank (25), turns back to burning recycling the roasting kiln (10) from jar (25) top.Production belongs to serialization, first step scission reaction produces residue and constantly falls into residue collecting chamber (13), and directly fall into another helical stir reactor (26), and carry out second stage Pintsch process reaction continuously, give reactor (26) heat supply with the high-temperature flue gas that produces in the roasting kiln (10).The screw mixer (19) that drives in the reactor (26) with buncher (4) gyrates.The undecomposed residue completely that first step scission reaction is discharged carries out deep pyrolytic in reactor (26), continue to take place second stage Pintsch process reaction.Be reflected under 0.02-0.3MPa and the 600-1000 ℃ condition and carry out.The residue of first step scission reaction ceaselessly enters in the second stage scission reaction still (26), and by the stirring promotion of high temperature and screw mixer (19), the organism in the residue is thoroughly decomposed.Scission reaction remaining inorganic residues in the second stage constantly enters reactor (26) residue collecting chamber (27), and discharges outside the still (26) through the spiral slag off apparatus (30) of collecting chamber (27) bottom.Inorganic residues is through pulverizing, magnetic separation and separate to purify and obtain commercial inorganic filler and metal, the effect commodity selling.The gas phase hydrocarbon that second stage heat scission reaction produces constantly enters in the catalytic fixed bed (16) of top in the residue collecting chamber (27), contact with the SR-1 type catalyzer of fixed bed (16), second stage catalytic cracking reaction takes place, and catalyzed reaction institute heat requirement is supplied with by the interior heat of reactor (26).The lower boiling gas phase hydrocarbon stream that catalyzed reaction produced is gone into condenser (23), and entering hydrocarbon ils holding tank (24) then becomes lower boiling hydrocarbon ils.The collected lower boiling hydrocarbon ils of first and second grade scission reaction, adopt traditional oil refining method and equipment to carry out fractionation, condensation or purification.The heavy oil that produces at the bottom of the fractionation Tata turns back to cracking again in the reactor (1).Obtain following result through above-mentioned production process (first and second grade scission reaction): domestic refuse composition: volatile matter 76%, solid kind 13.9%, ash 10.1% domestic refuse ultimate analysis: H 5.6%, O 21.8%, C 55%, S 0.6%N 8.8%, ash 10.1% reaction product (W%): hydrocarbon ils 28%
Gas (mainly being hydrocarbon gas) 35%
Mineral filler and metal 16%
Moisture content 21%
Embodiment 2 damaged tires adopt the method for embodiment 1 that damaged tire is carried out thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis; Obtain following result: damaged tire: 1000Kg first order cracking temperature: 400-600 ℃ of operating pressure: 0.02-0.3MPa catalyst: SR-1 type catalyst second level thermal cracking temperature: 600-800 ℃ of operating pressure: 0.02-0.3MPa catalyst: SR-1 type catalyst reaction product: gasoline: 98Kg (RON is 93.5) diesel oil: 432Kg (Cetane number 59, freezing point＜-20 ℃) imflammable gas: 90Kg (H2And C
1-C
4) steel wire: 60Kg carbon black: 320Kg (organic content＜0.1%) promptly: oil is 53%, and carbon black is 32%, and steel wire 6%, inflammable gas are 11%
Claims (8)
1, the method for producing hydro carbons from domestic refuse and/or organic waste comprises: with described domestic refuse and or organic waste pulverize or do not pulverize, ceaselessly push continuously in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still with feeding screw, rotation and reacting by heating still carry out first step scission reaction; The gas phase hydrocarbon that first step scission reaction is generated is discharged reactor, simultaneously, undecomposed reaction residues is completely ceaselessly entered in another airtight helical stir reactor continuously; Give the heating of helical stir reactor, the screw mixer that electricity consumption drives in the reactor rotates continuously, the residue that first step scission reaction is produced is proceeded the second stage scission reaction under the hot conditions in the helical stir reactor, organism in the residue is thoroughly decomposed, simultaneously, the inorganic remnant that second stage scission reaction is produced is ceaselessly discharged continuously from the helical stir reactor; The gas phase hydrocarbon that second stage scission reaction is generated is discharged reactor, collects the hydro carbons that first and second and scission reaction are drawn.
2, the process of claim 1 wherein that described scission reaction comprises heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction.
3, the method for claim 2, wherein said catalytic cracking reaction are to carry out on the fixed bed in reactor; If the organism composition is few in domestic refuse or the raw material, then do not put catalyzer in the catalytic fixed bed, do not need catalytic cracking reaction, only need heat scission reaction to get final product.
4, claim 1 and 2 method, wherein said first step scission reaction temperature is 350-600 ℃, second stage scission reaction temperature is 600-1000 ℃.
5, the method for claim 2, the formulation by weight of the catalyzer that wherein said catalytic cracking reaction is used (W%) is: CHO-1 is 5%; REY is 20%; Silica alumina ratio be 12: 1 mordenite be 30% and ZSM-5 be 45%.
6, the equipment of producing hydro carbons from domestic refuse and/or organic waste comprises: horizontal revolving reaction still, helical stir reactor and hydrocarbon ils collection device,
Described horizontal revolving reaction still comprises:
Cylindrical housings, the circular support roller by several groups of lower housing portion can be rotated flexibly supports cylindrical housings on the ground, and housing can suitablely or contrary rotate;
The round tooth wheel disc, it is enclosed within on the identical cylindrical housings wall of the outer-rotor of diameter, and employing welding or bolt are fixed or are connected, the driving gear disc spins, then the cylindrical housings of reactor is followed synchronous rotation;
The round thread steel band as the nut internal thread, evenly is fixed on the cylindrical housings inwall, and when cylindrical housings was rotated, the round thread steel band on the inner walls rotated synchronously;
Screw feeder, it is disposed at an end of horizontal revolving reaction still, is connected with traditional mechanical seal or other sealing method between the reactor housing of the casing of fixed screw feeder and continuously rotation;
The residue collecting chamber, it is disposed at the other end of horizontal revolving reaction still, is connected with traditional mechanical seal or other sealing method between the reactor housing of fixed collecting chamber and rotation;
Fixed bed, the top of its arranged perpendicular in the residue collecting chamber communicates with the gas-phase product outlet of reactor;
Described spiral response still comprises:
Cylindrical housings, it fixes on the ground motionless, and housing one end top is the import of raw material, and the other end connects the residue collecting chamber;
Fixed bed, its arranged perpendicular be in the top of residue collecting chamber inside, and communicate with the gas-phase product outlet of reactor;
Screw mixer, it is installed in the circular columns enclosure interior, with electric motor driving its at the housing internal rotation;
The spiral slag off apparatus, it is installed in outside, residue collecting chamber bottom, and the residue outlet of collecting chamber is connected with the import of spiral slag off apparatus;
7, the equipment of claim 6, the shape of wherein said helical stir reactor cylindrical housings can be circular, microscler or groove cylindricality.
8, the process of claim 1 wherein described domestic refuse and or organic waste comprise: domestic refuse, life and industrial organic waste, plastic waste, damaged tire, waste rubber, mud, wood chip, sandy crude, residual oil, heavy oil and other polymer organic waste.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN98117823A CN1068032C (en) | 1998-08-27 | 1998-08-27 | Hydrocarbon preparing method and equipment using household refuse and/or organic waste |
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| CN98117823A CN1068032C (en) | 1998-08-27 | 1998-08-27 | Hydrocarbon preparing method and equipment using household refuse and/or organic waste |
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| CN1068032C true CN1068032C (en) | 2001-07-04 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1074447C (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2001-11-07 | 周鼎力 | Process and equipment for producing gasoline and diesel oil with waste plastics and/or heavy oil |
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