CN106801598B - Device and method for burning mixed-phase superheated steam underground - Google Patents
Device and method for burning mixed-phase superheated steam underground Download PDFInfo
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- CN106801598B CN106801598B CN201710209957.0A CN201710209957A CN106801598B CN 106801598 B CN106801598 B CN 106801598B CN 201710209957 A CN201710209957 A CN 201710209957A CN 106801598 B CN106801598 B CN 106801598B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/04—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
Abstract
A downhole combustion firing mixed phase superheated steam device and method, comprising: the mixed phase steam generator is positioned in the underground sleeve and is provided with a steam pipe, a combustion chamber is arranged in the steam pipe, a steam cavity is formed between the combustion chamber and the steam pipe, a flame nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber, and the flame nozzle is communicated with the steam cavity; the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are sequentially connected and fixed at the lower end of the mixed phase steam generator, a heating channel is arranged in each electromagnetic wave heat energy generator, and the heating channels of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators which are adjacently connected with the mixed phase steam generator are communicated with the steam cavity; the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator consists of a plurality of heating sections, wherein each heating section comprises a magnetic rod and resistance rods respectively connected with two ends of the magnetic rod, copper wires are wound on the magnetic rod, and tungsten wires are wound on the resistance rods; the packaging cable is provided with a heating section cable and a superconducting pulse cable, wherein the heating section cable is connected with a tungsten wire, and the superconducting pulse cable is connected with a copper wire. The invention has the advantages of low heat loss and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mixed-phase superheated steam generating device and method, in particular to a device and method for burning mixed-phase superheated steam underground in the field of oilfield production.
Background
There are a wide range of heavy hydrocarbon reservoirs in the world that contain very heavy hydrocarbons, commonly referred to as "bitumen," "tar," "heavy oil," or "extra heavy oil," collectively referred to as "heavy oil," which typically have a viscosity ranging from 100 centipoise to 1000000 centipoise, with higher viscosities making heavy hydrocarbon reservoirs very costly to produce. In general, methods of heating heavy oil in situ may be employed to reduce viscosity, such as Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS), steam driven (Drive), and Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD), among others.
Steam flooding oil extraction and steam huff and puff oil extraction are important modes of oil field production, and particularly, the steam flooding of a thick oil field is widely applied. The existing steam flooding oil extraction mainly adopts a steam boiler to manufacture steam, and has the defects of large volume, various supporting facilities, high energy consumption, difficult movement and high steam production cost. Because of poor heat preservation measures in the steam injection process, heat loss is extremely large, most of heat is consumed in the injection process, steam is converted into high-temperature hot water when moving from a wellhead to an oil layer, and therefore, the steam injection quantity is required to be continuously increased to improve the steam dryness, and a large amount of funds and resource consumption are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an underground combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device, which can directly manufacture superheated mixed-phase steam underground through a mixed-phase steam generator, can avoid heat loss of the steam in the underground transmission process, improves the use efficiency of the steam, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The invention further aims to provide a method for burning mixed-phase superheated steam underground, which can directly manufacture the superheated mixed-phase steam underground, can avoid heat loss of the steam in the underground transmission process, improves the use efficiency of the steam, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
a downhole combustion process mixed phase superheated steam unit, wherein the downhole combustion process mixed phase superheated steam unit comprises:
the mixed phase steam generator is positioned in the underground sleeve, the mixed phase steam generator is provided with a steam pipe, a combustion chamber is arranged in the steam pipe, a steam cavity is formed between the combustion chamber and the steam pipe, a flame nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber, and the flame nozzle is communicated with the steam cavity;
the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are sequentially connected and fixed at the lower end of the mixed phase steam generator, a heating channel is arranged in each electromagnetic wave heat energy generator, and the heating channel of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator which is adjacently connected with the mixed phase steam generator is communicated with the steam cavity; the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator consists of a plurality of heating sections, wherein each heating section comprises a magnetic rod and resistance rods respectively connected with two ends of the magnetic rod, copper wires are wound on the magnetic rod, and tungsten wires are wound on the resistance rods;
the packaging cable is provided with a heating section cable and a superconducting pulse cable, wherein the heating section cable is connected with the tungsten wire, and the superconducting pulse cable is connected with the copper wire.
The underground burning mixed-phase superheated steam device comprises two electromagnetic wave heat energy generators, wherein the two electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are a first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator and a second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator which are adjacently connected with the mixed-phase steam generator respectively, a heating sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator, a plurality of water through holes are formed in the heating sleeve along the circumferential direction of the heating sleeve, the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator is fixedly connected to the lower end of the heating sleeve, and a plurality of water through holes and heating channels of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator are respectively communicated with heating channels of the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator.
The underground burning mixed-phase superheated steam device is characterized in that the lower ends of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are connected with the direct injection tail pipes, and the lower ends of the direct injection tail pipes are connected with the nozzles with the inner diameters gradually expanding from top to bottom.
The underground combustion firing mixed-phase superheated steam device is characterized in that the direct injection tail pipe is provided with the one-way valve, and the one-way valve is positioned above the nozzle.
The underground burning mixed-phase superheated steam device comprises the continuous pipe, wherein the continuous pipe penetrates through the underground sleeve, a cable pipe, a fuel pipe and a combustion improver pipe are arranged in the inner cavity of the continuous pipe, the cable pipe is internally penetrated with the packaging cable, the fuel pipe and the combustion improver pipe are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber, and an igniter is arranged in the combustion chamber.
The underground combustion firing mixed-phase superheated steam device comprises a connecting disc, wherein the connecting disc is connected between the continuous pipe and the mixed-phase steam generator, the connecting disc is provided with a cable channel, a fuel channel, a combustion improver channel and a plurality of through holes, the cable pipe is communicated with the cable channel, the fuel pipe is communicated with the combustion chamber through the fuel channel, the combustion improver pipe is communicated with the combustion chamber through the combustion improver channel, and the inner cavity of the continuous pipe is communicated with the steam cavity through a plurality of through holes.
The downhole combustion firing mixed-phase superheated steam device is characterized in that natural gas is introduced into the fuel pipe, and liquid oxygen is introduced into the combustion improver pipe.
The downhole burning mixed-phase superheated steam device comprises a continuous pipe, wherein the lower end of the continuous pipe is connected with a packer, and the packer is set on the downhole casing; and a plurality of centralizers are arranged on the coiled tubing at intervals, and are positioned above the packer.
The downhole combustion firing mixed-phase superheated steam device is characterized in that the direct injection tail pipe is provided with the centralizer.
The underground combustion firing mixed-phase superheated steam device is characterized in that a temperature detector is arranged on the outer side of the direct injection tail pipe.
The downhole burning and firing mixed-phase superheated steam device comprises a heating section, wherein the length of the heating section is 1m, the length of the magnetic rod is 50cm, and the length of the resistance rod is 25cm.
The downhole burning mixed-phase superheated steam device is characterized in that an expansion pipe is arranged in the downhole casing, a first perforation group opposite to a first downhole oil layer and a second perforation group opposite to a second downhole oil layer are respectively arranged on the expansion pipe, the lower parts of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are opposite to the first perforation group, and the nozzles are opposite to the second perforation group.
The invention also provides a method for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by underground combustion, which adopts the device for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by underground combustion, wherein the method for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by underground combustion comprises the following steps:
step A: introducing fuel and combustion improver into the combustion chamber, and introducing air and water into the steam cavity;
and (B) step (B): flame formed by the fuel and the combustion improver after being combusted in the combustion chamber is sprayed out of the flame nozzle, and the flame heats water in the steam cavity to form a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide;
step C: and starting a plurality of electromagnetic wave heat energy generators, wherein the mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide enters heating channels of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators to be heated, so as to form mixed-phase superheated steam consisting of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide and jet the mixed-phase superheated steam.
A method of producing mixed phase superheated steam by downhole combustion as described above wherein nitrogen is injected into the steam chamber prior to step a.
The downhole burning and firing mixed-phase superheated steam device and the method have the characteristics and advantages that:
the invention is to set up mixed phase steam generator and multiple electromagnetic wave heat energy generator in the casing pipe under well, the mixed phase steam generator utilizes the flame after fuel and combustion improver burn to heat the water into steam, and form the mixture made up of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, then heat the mixture made up of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide by multiple electromagnetic wave heat energy generator again to form the mixed phase superheated steam made up of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, spray the mixed phase superheated steam into oil reservoir under well directly finally, the invention can make the mixed phase superheated steam directly under well, can avoid the heat loss of the steam in the course of transmitting under well, has raised the use efficiency of the steam, and energy-conserving and environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of the downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional B-B view of the downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional C-C view of the downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam unit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating section of an electromagnetic wave heat energy generator of the downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a downhole firing mixed phase superheated steam apparatus, comprising: a mixed phase steam generator 7, which is positioned in the downhole casing 1, wherein the mixed phase steam generator 7 is provided with a steam pipe 72, a combustion chamber 73 is arranged in the steam pipe 72, a steam cavity 74 is formed between the combustion chamber 73 and the steam pipe 72, a flame nozzle 75 is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber 73, and the flame nozzle 75 is communicated with the steam cavity 74; the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are sequentially connected and fixed at the lower end of the mixed phase steam generator 7, a heating channel 2000 is arranged in each electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 10, and the heating channel 2000 of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 10 which is adjacently connected with the mixed phase steam generator 7 is communicated with the steam cavity 74; the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 10 is composed of a plurality of heating sections 100, wherein each heating section 100 comprises a magnetic rod 101 and resistance rods 102 respectively connected with two ends of the magnetic rod 101, copper wires 1010 are wound on the magnetic rod 101, and tungsten wires 1020 are wound on the resistance rods 102; a packaging cable 20 having a heating section cable 2011 and a superconducting pulse cable 2012, wherein the heating section cable 2011 is connected to the tungsten filament 1020, and the superconducting pulse cable 2012 is connected to the copper filament 1010. The invention discloses a mixed-phase superheated steam device for underground combustion, which is characterized in that a mixed-phase steam generator 7 and a plurality of electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are arranged in an underground sleeve, the mixed-phase steam generator 7 heats water into steam by utilizing flame generated by burning fuel and combustion improver to form a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, then the mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is heated by the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 to form mixed-phase superheated steam of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and finally the mixed-phase superheated steam is directly sprayed into an underground oil layer.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the mixed-phase steam generator 7 has a substantially cylindrical steam pipe 72, a combustion chamber 73 is provided in the steam pipe 72, and a space between the combustion chamber 73 and the steam pipe 72 forms a steam chamber 74, i.e., a space inside the steam pipe 72 and an outside of the combustion chamber 73 constitute the steam chamber 74. In the present invention, an igniter 71 is provided in a combustion chamber 73, and the igniter 71 is an electric spark igniter which can continuously and stably ignite; the lower part of the combustion chamber 73 is provided with flame ports 75, which flame ports 75 are formed by a cylindrical nozzle connected to the lower end of the combustion chamber 73, and the flame ports 75 communicate with the steam chamber 74. The combustion chamber 73 is filled with fuel and combustion improver, the steam chamber 74 is filled with water and air, and a flame formed by the combustion of the fuel and the combustion improver in the combustion chamber 73 is ejected from the flame ports 75, and the flame can heat the water in the steam chamber 74 to form a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
In the present invention, the encapsulation cable 20 includes a control cable 2013 in addition to the superconducting pulse cable 2012 and the heating section cable 2011. The outer wall of the control cable 2013, the outer wall of the superconducting pulse cable 2012 and the outer wall of the heating section cable 2011 are all wrapped with silver-aluminum induction cables, so that the heating section cable 2011 has a good high-temperature resistant effect.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a heating channel 2000 is provided in the middle of each electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 10, and after the mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the steam cavity 74 passes through the plurality of heating channels 2000, the mixture is ejected from the ends of the plurality of electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 to form mixed-phase superheated steam of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. In the present invention, the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 10 is formed by connecting a plurality of heating sections 100 in series, each heating section 100 has a heating hole 1000 therein, and the heating holes 1000 of the plurality of heating sections 100 constitute a heating channel 2000 of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 10. In this embodiment, the length of each heating section 100 is one meter, the heating sections 100 are connected by threads, the middle section of each heating section 100 is a magnetic rod 101, the length of the magnetic rod 101 is 50cm, a copper wire 1010 is wound on the magnetic rod 101, a terminal 1011 of the copper wire 1010 is connected with a superconducting pulse cable 2012, two ends of the magnetic rod 101 are respectively connected with a resistor rod 102, the length of the resistor rod 102 is 25cm, a tungsten wire 1020 is wound on the resistor rod 102, and a heating section cable 2011 is connected with a terminal 1021 of the tungsten wire 1020.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, two electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10, which are a first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 and a second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112 connected adjacent to the mixed phase steam generator 7, are provided at the lower end of the mixed phase steam generator 7. The encapsulation cable 20 extends into the downhole casing 1 and is fixedly attached to the outer surface of the mixed-phase steam generator 7, so that electrical connection with the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 and the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112 is achieved. In the present invention, the heating jacket 9 is sleeved outside the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111, the heating jacket 9 is provided with a plurality of water through holes 91 along the circumferential direction, the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the heating jacket 9, the plurality of water through holes 91 and the heating channel 1111 of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 are respectively communicated with the heating channel 1121 of the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112, after the flame sprayed from the combustion chamber 73 heats the water in the steam cavity 74, a small part of water which is not vaporized flows to the bottom of the steam cavity 74, the part of water cannot be heated by the flame, only can flow downwards into the plurality of water through holes 91 on the heating jacket 9, and then enters the heating channel 1121 of the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112, and in the process, the part of water finally forms superheated steam after being secondarily heated by the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 and the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112. In the present invention, the upper end and the lower end of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 are fixedly connected with a first direct injection cylinder 8 and a second direct injection cylinder 11 respectively, the first direct injection cylinder 8 and the second direct injection cylinder 11 are cylindrical cylinders, and the steam cavity 74 is sequentially communicated with the heating channel 1111 and the second direct injection cylinder 11 of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 through the first direct injection cylinder 8.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the lower ends of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are connected with a direct injection tail pipe 13, the lower ends of the direct injection tail pipe 13 are provided with nozzles 131 with inner diameters gradually expanding from top to bottom, mixed-phase superheated steam ejected from the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 enters the direct injection tail pipe 13 and then is ejected from the nozzles 131, and the mixed-phase superheated steam can be ejected from the nozzles 131 in a diffusion form due to the gradual expansion of the inner diameters of the nozzles 131 from top to bottom, so that the nozzle shape is favorable for the rapid diffusion and rapid heat dissipation of the mixed-phase superheated steam in a downhole oil layer.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the direct injection tail pipe 13 is provided with a check valve 14, and the check valve 14 is located above the nozzle 131, so that even if the downhole pressure is too high, mixed phase superheated steam or other dirt is not caused to reversely enter the direct injection tail pipe 13.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the downhole combustion-burning mixed-phase superheated steam apparatus of the present invention further comprises a continuous pipe 2, the continuous pipe 2 is arranged in the downhole casing 1 in a penetrating manner, the continuous pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mixed-phase steam generator 7, a cable pipe 201, a fuel pipe 202 and a combustion improver pipe 203 are arranged in the inner cavity of the continuous pipe 2, wherein a packaged cable 20 is arranged in the cable pipe 201 in a penetrating manner, the packaged cable is electrically connected with a power supply device 21, the fuel pipe 202 is communicated with a fuel supply device 22 positioned outside a shaft, the combustion improver pipe 203 is communicated with a combustion improver supply device 23 positioned outside the shaft, and the inner cavity 204 of the continuous pipe 2 is communicated with a water and air supply device 24 positioned outside the shaft. Wherein the fuel pipe 202 and the combustion improver pipe 203 are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber 73, the fuel supplied by the fuel supply device 22 enters the combustion chamber 73 through the fuel pipe 202, the combustion improver supplied by the combustion improver supply device 23 enters the combustion chamber 73 through the combustion improver pipe 203, the igniter 71 is arranged in the combustion chamber 73, and the control cable 2013 in the packaging cable 20 is electrically connected with the igniter 71 to control the igniter 71 to be turned on or turned off. The igniter 71 is used to ignite the fuel and the combustion improver introduced into the combustion chamber 73, and the flame formed by the fuel and the combustion improver after being fully combusted in the combustion chamber 73 is ejected from the flame ports 75. In the invention, the continuous pipe 2 is made of stainless steel materials, so that each pipeline can be well protected from being corroded by the severe environment in the well; in addition, the fuel introduced into the fuel pipe 202 is natural gas, the combustion improver introduced into the combustion improver pipe 203 is liquid oxygen, and the natural gas and the liquid oxygen are relatively easily available fuel and combustion improver, so that the cost is low, only water and carbon dioxide are produced after full combustion, and the environment is protected.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the downhole combustion-firing mixed-phase superheated steam device further includes a connection disc 6, the connection disc 6 is substantially disc-shaped, an upper end of the connection disc 6 is fixedly connected to a lower end of the coiled tubing 2, and a lower end of the connection disc 6 is fixedly connected to the mixed-phase steam generator 7. The inside of the connecting disc 6 is provided with a cable passage 601, a fuel passage 602, an oxidant passage 603 and a plurality of through holes 604, wherein the cable pipe 201 is communicated with the cable passage 601, the fuel pipe 202 is communicated with the combustion chamber 73 through the fuel passage 602, the oxidant pipe 203 is communicated with the combustion chamber 73 through the oxidant passage 603, and the inner cavity 204 of the continuous pipe 2 is communicated with the steam cavity 74 through the plurality of through holes 604. The connection disc 6 serves to connect the continuous tube 2 and the mixed phase steam generator 7, and in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the plurality of through holes 604 of the connection disc 6 is 1mm, and when the pressure of water and air is high, water and air can be injected into the steam chamber 74 in the form of a mist mixture through the plurality of through holes 604, thereby making the heating of the mist mixture more sufficient.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the lower end of the continuous pipe 2 is connected with a packer 5, the packer 5 is set on the underground sleeve 1, and the packer 5 can seal an annular space between the continuous pipe 2 and the underground sleeve 1 to prevent mixed phase superheated steam in the underground from overflowing; further, a plurality of centralizers are further arranged on the coiled tubing 2 at intervals, the centralizers are located above the packer 5, the centralizers are a first centralizer 31, a second centralizer 32 and a third centralizer 33 respectively, and the centralizers are evenly arranged between the coiled tubing 2 and the downhole casing 1 at intervals. In the present invention, a fourth centralizer 34 is further provided on the direct injection tailpipe 13. The plurality of centralizers prevents the downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam apparatus of the present invention from tilting in the downhole casing 1.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outside of the direct injection tail pipe 13 is provided with a temperature detector 132, which can detect the temperature of the downhole oil layer in real time, and the temperature detector 132 is electrically connected with the ground control device through a control cable 2013, and the temperature signal is uploaded to the ground control device in real time.
According to one embodiment of the invention, an expansion pipe 4 is arranged in the underground casing 1, a first perforation group 12 opposite to a first underground oil layer and a second perforation group 15 opposite to a second underground oil layer are respectively arranged on the expansion pipe 4, wherein the thickness of the first perforation group 12 is L, the thickness of the second perforation group 15 is L, the lower parts of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are opposite to the first perforation group 12, and the nozzles 131 are opposite to the second perforation group 15. Part of mixed-phase superheated steam sprayed out of the nozzle 131 is directly injected into a second underground oil layer through the second perforation group 15, and the other part of mixed-phase superheated steam is injected into the first underground oil layer through the first perforation group 12 after ascending through an annulus between the direct-injection tail pipe 13 and the expansion pipe 4, so that the purpose of displacement of reservoir oil by mixed-phase superheated steam is achieved.
The working process of the downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device is as follows: the downhole burning mixed-phase superheated steam device is put into a downhole casing 1, natural gas and liquid oxygen are respectively introduced into a continuous pipe 2 through a fuel pipe 202 and a fuel passage 602, the natural gas enters a combustion chamber 73 through a fuel pipe 203 and a fuel passage 602, the liquid oxygen enters the combustion chamber 73 through a combustion improver pipe 203 and a combustion improver passage 603, water and air are introduced into the continuous pipe 2 through a water and air supply device 24, the water and air enter a steam cavity 74 through an inner cavity 204 of the continuous pipe 2, flames of the natural gas and the liquid oxygen after burning in the combustion chamber 73 are ejected from flame nozzles 75, water in the steam cavity 74 is heated to form a mixture composed of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and finally mixed-phase superheated steam composed of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is formed after the mixture is heated through two stages of a heating passage 1111 of a first electromagnetic wave thermal generator 111 and a heating passage 1121 of a second electromagnetic wave thermal generator 112, the mixed-phase superheated steam is ejected from a nozzle 131 of the straight oil layer 13, and is injected into a first group 12 and a second group 15 of downhole oil displacement wells and the second perforation holes are formed.
The invention discloses a mixed-phase superheated steam device for underground combustion, which is characterized in that a mixed-phase steam generator 7 and a plurality of electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are arranged in an underground sleeve 1, the mixed-phase steam generator 7 heats water into steam by utilizing flame generated by combustion of fuel and combustion improver to form a mixture composed of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, then the mixture composed of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is heated by the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 to form mixed-phase superheated steam composed of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and finally the mixed-phase superheated steam is directly sprayed into an underground oil layer.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention further provides a method for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by downhole combustion, which uses the downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device in the first embodiment, wherein the structure, the working principle and the beneficial effects of the downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again. The method for preparing the mixed-phase superheated steam by underground combustion comprises the following steps:
step A: fuel and combustion improver are introduced into the combustion chamber 73, and air and water are introduced into the steam chamber 74.
Specifically, natural gas is introduced into the fuel pipe 202 in the continuous pipe 2, liquid oxygen is introduced into the oxidizer pipe 203 in the continuous pipe 2, and water and air are introduced into the inner cavity 204 of the continuous pipe 2. Natural gas enters the combustion chamber 73 through the fuel passage 602, liquid oxygen enters the combustion chamber 73 through the oxidizer passage 603, water and air enter the steam chamber 74 through the plurality of through holes 604, and a mist mixture is formed after the water and the air are ejected through the plurality of through holes 604.
And (B) step (B): flame formed by the fuel and the combustion improver after being combusted in the combustion chamber 73 is ejected from the flame nozzle 75, and the flame heats water in the steam cavity 74 to form a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide;
specifically, natural gas and liquid oxygen are combusted in the combustion chamber 73 of the mixed phase steam generator 7 to form a flame, which is ejected from the flame ports 75, and the water in the steam chamber 74 is heated to form a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. The flame from the flame ports 75 not only heats the water in the steam chamber 74, but also burns more fully under the oxygen in the air in the steam chamber 74, which is consumed, leaving nitrogen, rare gases, etc., which are negligible due to their very low content.
Step C: the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are turned on, and the mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide enters the heating channels 2000 of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 to be heated, so that mixed-phase superheated steam consisting of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is formed and sprayed out.
Specifically, a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is secondarily heated while passing through the heating passage 1111 of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 111 and the heating passage 1121 of the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator 112, forming mixed-phase superheated steam composed of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide and being ejected through the nozzle 131 of the direct injection tailpipe 13. When the power of the first electromagnetic wave thermal energy generator 111 and the second electromagnetic wave thermal energy generator 112 is 300Kw, 20 tons to 30 tons of mixed-phase superheated steam can be generated every day.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, nitrogen is injected into the vapor chamber 74 prior to the step a. Specifically, nitrogen is introduced into the inner cavity 204 of the continuous pipe 2, and the nitrogen is injected into each underground oil layer and near well zones after passing through the steam cavity 74 of the mixed-phase steam generator 7 and the heating channels 2000 of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10, so as to achieve the aim of cleaning.
The method for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by underground combustion is characterized in that a mixed-phase steam generator 7 and a plurality of electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 are arranged in an underground sleeve 1, the mixed-phase steam generator 7 heats water into steam by utilizing flame generated by burning fuel and combustion improver to form a mixture composed of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, then the mixture composed of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is heated by the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators 10 to form mixed-phase superheated steam composed of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and finally the mixed-phase superheated steam is directly sprayed into an underground oil layer.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention, and are intended to be within the scope of this invention.
Claims (14)
1. A downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam device, the downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam device comprising:
the mixed phase steam generator is positioned in the underground sleeve, the mixed phase steam generator is provided with a steam pipe, a combustion chamber is arranged in the steam pipe, a steam cavity is formed between the combustion chamber and the steam pipe, a flame nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber, and the flame nozzle is communicated with the steam cavity;
the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are sequentially connected and fixed at the lower end of the mixed phase steam generator, a heating channel is arranged in each electromagnetic wave heat energy generator, and the heating channel of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator which is adjacently connected with the mixed phase steam generator is communicated with the steam cavity; the electromagnetic wave heat energy generator consists of a plurality of heating sections, wherein each heating section comprises a magnetic rod and resistance rods respectively connected with two ends of the magnetic rod, copper wires are wound on the magnetic rod, and tungsten wires are wound on the resistance rods;
the packaging cable is provided with a heating section cable and a superconducting pulse cable, the heating section cable is connected with the tungsten wire, and the superconducting pulse cable is connected with the copper wire;
the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators comprise a first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator and a second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator which are adjacently connected with the miscible steam generator, a heating sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator, a plurality of water through holes are formed in the heating sleeve along the circumferential direction of the heating sleeve, the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator is fixedly connected to the lower end of the heating sleeve, and the water through holes and a heating channel of the first electromagnetic wave heat energy generator are respectively communicated with a heating channel of the second electromagnetic wave heat energy generator.
2. The downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave thermal energy generators are two.
3. The downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device according to claim 1, wherein the lower ends of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are connected with direct injection tail pipes, and the lower ends of the direct injection tail pipes are connected with nozzles with inner diameters gradually expanding from top to bottom.
4. A downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the direct injection tail pipe is provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is located above the nozzle.
5. The downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device according to claim 1, further comprising a continuous pipe, wherein the continuous pipe is arranged in the downhole casing in a penetrating manner, a cable pipe, a fuel pipe and a combustion improver pipe are arranged in an inner cavity of the continuous pipe, the cable pipe is internally provided with the encapsulated cable in a penetrating manner, the fuel pipe and the combustion improver pipe are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber, and an igniter is arranged in the combustion chamber.
6. The downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam device of claim 5, further comprising a land connected between the coiled tubing and the mixed phase steam generator, the land provided with a cable passage, a fuel passage, an oxidant passage and a plurality of through holes, wherein the cable tube and the cable passage are in communication, the fuel tube is in communication with the combustion chamber through the fuel passage, the oxidant tube is in communication with the combustion chamber through the oxidant passage, and an interior cavity of the coiled tubing is in communication with the steam cavity through a plurality of the through holes.
7. The downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam apparatus of claim 5, wherein natural gas is introduced into the fuel pipe and liquid oxygen is introduced into the oxidizer pipe.
8. The downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam device according to claim 5, wherein a packer is connected to the lower end of the coiled tubing, and the packer is set in the downhole casing; and a plurality of centralizers are arranged on the coiled tubing at intervals, and are positioned above the packer.
9. A downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the direct injection tailpipe is provided with a centralizer.
10. A downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a temperature detector is arranged outside the direct injection tail pipe.
11. The downhole combustion mixed phase superheated steam apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating section has a length of 1m, the magnetic rod has a length of 50cm, and the resistive rod has a length of 25cm.
12. A downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device according to claim 3, wherein an expansion tube is arranged in the downhole casing, a first perforation group opposite to a first downhole oil layer and a second perforation group opposite to a second downhole oil layer are respectively arranged on the expansion tube, the lower parts of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators are arranged opposite to the first perforation group, and the nozzles are arranged opposite to the second perforation group.
13. A method for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by downhole combustion, which adopts the downhole combustion mixed-phase superheated steam device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, and is characterized in that the method for preparing mixed-phase superheated steam by downhole combustion comprises the following steps:
step A: introducing fuel and combustion improver into the combustion chamber, and introducing air and water into the steam cavity;
and (B) step (B): flame formed by the fuel and the combustion improver after being combusted in the combustion chamber is sprayed out of the flame nozzle, and the flame heats water in the steam cavity to form a mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide;
step C: and starting a plurality of electromagnetic wave heat energy generators, wherein the mixture of water, steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide enters heating channels of the electromagnetic wave heat energy generators to be heated, so as to form mixed-phase superheated steam consisting of steam, nitrogen and carbon dioxide and jet the mixed-phase superheated steam.
14. The method of producing mixed phase superheated steam by downhole combustion of claim 13, wherein nitrogen is injected into the steam cavity prior to step a.
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