CN106793803A - 通过挤压含pufa的生物质来制备含pufa的饲料的方法 - Google Patents
通过挤压含pufa的生物质来制备含pufa的饲料的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106793803A CN106793803A CN201580053433.6A CN201580053433A CN106793803A CN 106793803 A CN106793803 A CN 106793803A CN 201580053433 A CN201580053433 A CN 201580053433A CN 106793803 A CN106793803 A CN 106793803A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- content
- biomass
- extrudate
- pufa
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001467333 Thraustochytriaceae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001306132 Aurantiochytrium Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000003595 Aurantiochytrium limacinum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001467460 Myxogastria Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000233671 Schizochytrium Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000233675 Thraustochytrium Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000235457 Chytridium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001306135 Oblongichytrium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001491666 Labyrinthulomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001491678 Ulkenia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000192128 Gammaproteobacteria Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001454694 Clupeiformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001527609 Cryptococcus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000277269 Oncorhynchus masou Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000277277 Oncorhynchus nerka Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000223252 Rhodotorula Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000277263 Salmo Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019513 anchovy Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 example Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001519451 Abramis brama Species 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000003610 Aplanochytrium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223233 Cutaneotrichosporon cutaneum Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004258 Ethoxyquin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002444 Exopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000876435 Hucho hucho Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001154287 Hucho taimen Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000003482 Japonochytrium Species 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000269779 Lates calcarifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149698 Lipomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417902 Mallotus villosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001275898 Mylopharyngodon piceus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000251470 Neoceratodus forsteri Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000353345 Odontesthes regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277334 Oncorhynchus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277326 Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277329 Oncorhynchus keta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277338 Oncorhynchus kisutch Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001280377 Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276701 Oreochromis mossambicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010084695 Pea Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000861914 Plecoglossus altivelis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001098054 Pollachius pollachius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000221523 Rhodotorula toruloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223230 Trichosporon Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000235013 Yarrowia Species 0.000 description 1
- DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Cl] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl] DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyquin Chemical compound N1C(C)(C)C=C(C)C2=CC(OCC)=CC=C21 DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093500 ethoxyquin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019285 ethoxyquin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000011868 grain product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.OO QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940057059 monascus purpureus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019702 pea protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QGYZLVSWEOXOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(hydroxy)azanium;acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(C)(C)NO QGYZLVSWEOXOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003544 thiamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6472—Glycerides containing polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] residues, i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
- A21D2/16—Fatty acid esters
- A21D2/165—Triglycerides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/001—Spread compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D7/0053—Compositions other than spreads
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D7/0056—Spread compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B5/00—Preserving by using additives, e.g. anti-oxidants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
根据本发明,出乎意料地发现含多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的生物质与其它饲料成分可以12‑28Wh/kg的低能量输入进行挤压,从而提供具有很高油负载能力的挤出物。
Description
本发明涉及通过挤压含PUFA的生物质来制备含多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)饲料的方法。
用于制备含PUFA(多不饱和脂肪酸)生物质的方法在现有技术中已有描述。将适宜的生物质与其它饲料组分一起加工可以例如通过挤压来实现。在此,将含PUFA的生物质用作PUFA的替代来源,因为常规用作PUFA来源的鱼油由于过度捕鱼而不再有充足的量。
本发明的目标是提供饲料,其包含PUFA、特别是ω-3脂肪酸,并且其具有最高可能的油负载能力。这是因为在较晚时间点用油涂敷的饲料,已经被证明是特别适宜的饲料,尤其是在水产中。
此前已发现,当使用鱼油来制备饲料时,如果要获得具有期望油负载能力的产物,则用于进行挤压所需的能量输入会非常高。当使用鱼油作为ω-3脂肪酸来源时,剩余的饲料成分首先被挤压,而所得的挤出物随后负载鱼油(以及任选的其它油成分)。
出乎意料地,根据本发明已发现,当使用包含PUFA(特别是ω-3脂肪酸)的生物质时,低很多的能量输入就足以获得具有期望的油负载能力的挤出物。在此背景下,已经证明不超过28Wh/kg的能量输入足以获得期望的产物性质,且12-28Wh/kg的能量输入是有利的。
特别是当用于制备饲料的生物质是含PUFA的生物质时,不超过22Wh/kg、特别是18-22Wh/kg的特别低的能量输入就足够了,其中所述含PUFA的生物质是通过在一定的硫酸盐浓度中生长而获得的,所述硫酸盐浓度从而使所得的生物质中硫酸盐浓度(基于干物质)为25-60g/kg、特别是25-50、25-40或25-35g/kg。
因此本发明的第一个主题是用于制备含PUFA的饲料的方法,特征在于以12-28Wh/kg的能量输入将含PUFA的生物质与其它饲料成分一起进行挤压。在此背景下,所述挤压优选以14-26、特别是16-24、尤其优选18-22Wh/g的能量输入来进行。
在挤压方法中优选使用螺杆或双螺杆挤出机。挤压方法优选在80-220℃、特别是80-130℃的温度进行,10-40bar的气压,和100-1000rpm、特别是300-700rpm的轴转速。所引入的混合物的停留时间优选为5-30秒、特别是10-20秒。
所产生的挤出物优选具有1-14mm、优选2-12mm、特别是2-6mm的直径,以及优选还具有1-14mm、优选2-12mm、特别是2-6mm的长度。挤出物的长度在挤压过程中通过使用切割工具来设定。挤出物的长度优选经过选择,从而其大约对应于挤出物的直径。挤出物的直径是通过选择筛子的直径来设定的。
油负载能力直接与挤压过程中挤出物的膨胀相关。在挤压过程中膨胀的越大,则所获得的挤出物的油负载能力越高。
本发明挤出物的油负载能力优选为每克挤出物至少0.25g油、尤其是每克挤出物至少0.3g油、特别是每克挤出物至少0.35g油。
因此本发明的另外的主题还是含PUFA的饲料、特别是饲料挤出物,其具有每克挤出物至少0.25g油、特别是每克挤出物至少0.275或0.30g油、优选每克挤出物至少0.325或0.35g油的油负载能力。
通过耗尽油负载能力,以此方式可以实现具有以下脂肪含量的挤出物:至少25%重量的或至少27.5%重量的、特别是至少30%重量的或至少32.5%重量的、尤其还有那些超过35%重量的总脂肪含量的。
本发明的挤出物优选具有400-500g/l的堆积密度。
挤压方法可任选包括压实步骤和/或压缩步骤。
优选在进行挤压方法之前将成分彼此密切混合。这优选在装配有风向标的鼓中进行。在优选的实施方案中,此混合步骤包括蒸汽的注入,特别是以便引起优选存在的淀粉的膨胀。在此情形中,蒸汽的注入优选以1-5bar的气压进行,特别优选2-4bar的气压。
在与藻类生物质混合前,另外的食品或饲料组分优选经粉碎(若需要的话),以便确保在混合步骤中获得均质的混合物。另外的食品或饲料组分的粉碎可以例如使用锤式粉碎机来进行。
在本发明优选的实施方案中,挤压过程随后是用油负载所得的挤出物。为此,首先优选将所述挤出物干燥至不超过5%重量的水分含量。根据本发明,可以通过例如将挤出物置于油中或者将挤出物与油进行喷雾来使挤出物负载油;然而,根据本发明,优选通过真空涂敷来进行。
可根据本发明使用的含PUFA的生物质的制备在现有技术中已有广泛描述。在此背景下,可使用的细胞特别是已天然产生PUFA(多不饱和脂肪酸)的细胞;然而,它们也可以是通过适宜的基因技术方法而使得其可以产生PUFA的细胞。在此背景下,所述产生可以是自养的、混合营养的、或异养的。
生物质优选包含异养产生PUFA的细胞。根据本发明,所述细胞优选采用藻类、真菌(特别是酵母)、或原生生物的形式。所述细胞特别优选为微藻或真菌。
产油酵母的适宜细胞有特别是耶罗维亚酵母(Yarrowia)、假丝酵母(Candida)、红酵母(Rhodotorula)、红冬孢酵母(Rhodosporidium)、隐球酵母(Cryptococcus)、丝孢酵母(Trichosporon)、和油脂酵母(Lipomyces)的株。
本发明的生物质优选包含细胞,并且优选基本上由以下分类单元的那些细胞组成:网粘菌纲(Labyrinthulomycetes(Labyrinthulea),网粘真菌(net slime fungi),网粘菌(slime nets)),特别是破囊壶菌科(Thraustochytriaceae)的那些。破囊壶菌科包括以下属:Althomia属、不动茶菌属(Aplanochytrium)、Elnia属、日本壶菌属(Japonochytrium)、裂殖壶菌属(Schizochytrium)、破囊壶菌属(Thraustochytrium)、Aurantiochytrium属、Oblongichytrium属、和吾肯氏壶菌属(Ulkenia)。特别优选包含以下属细胞的生物质:破囊壶菌属、裂殖壶菌属、Aurantiochytrium属或Oblongichytrium属,尤其是Aurantiochytrium属的那些。
在Aurantiochytrium属中,根据本发明优选Aurantiochytrium limacinum种(此前也称作Schizochytrium limacinum)。根据本发明,特别优选Aurantiochytriumlimacinum SR21(IFO 32693)株。
根据本发明,所述多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)优选是高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)。
生物质中存在的细胞优选区别在于,其在每种情形中基于细胞干物质计含有至少20%重量的、优选至少30%重量的、特别是至少35%重量的PUFA。
在优选的实施方案中,此情形中脂质的大部分以甘油三酯的形式存在,且优选至少50%重量的、特别是至少75%重量的、以及在特别优选的实施方案中至少90%重量的细胞中存在的脂质是以甘油三酯的形式存在。
根据本发明,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)理解为是指具有至少两个、特别是至少三个C-C双键的脂肪酸。根据本发明,在PUFA中优选高度不饱和的脂肪酸(HUFA)。根据本发明,HUFA理解为是指具有至少四个C-C双键的脂肪酸。
所述PUFA在细胞中可以游离的或者结合的形式存在。以结合的形式存在的实例为PUFA的磷脂和酯,特别是单酰基-、二酰基-、和三酰基-甘油酯。在优选的实施方案中,所述PUFA的大部分是以甘油三酯的形式存在的,且优选至少50%重量的、特别是至少75%重量的、在特别优选的实施方案中至少90%重量的细胞中存在的PUFA以甘油三酯的形式存在。
优选的PUFA为ω-3脂肪酸和ω-6脂肪酸,且特别优选ω-3脂肪酸。本文优选的ω-3脂肪酸为二十碳五烯酸(EPA,20:5ω-3)、特别是(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酸,以及二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,22:6ω-3)、特别是(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酸,且特别优选二十二碳六烯酸。
所述含PUFA藻类生物质优选占挤出物(或用于制备挤出物的组合物)的2-24%重量、优选4-22%重量、特别是9-20%重量、尤其是11-18%重量。
所述另外的食品或饲料组分优选选自含蛋白的、含碳水化合物的、含核酸的、和脂可溶的成分,以及适宜的情形下,还有含脂肪的成分以及另外的其它添加剂如矿物质、维生素、色素和氨基酸。此外,在营养物之外还可以存在结构剂(strukturgebendeSubstanzen),例如以便改善饲料的质地和外观。另外,也可以使用例如粘合剂,以便影响饲料的一致性。优选使用的且构成营养物和结构剂的成分是淀粉。
所述挤出物、或用于制备所述挤出物的组合物,优选具有至少一个、优选所有的以下性质:
a)33-67%重量的、优选39-61%重量的、特别是44-55%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)5-25%重量的、优选8-22%重量的、特别是10-20%重量的、尤其是12-18%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选6-17%重量的、尤其优选8-14%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-13%重量的、优选3-11%重量的、特别是4-10%重量的、尤其是5.5-9%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
e)1-7%重量的、优选1.5-5.5%重量的、特别是2-5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4.5%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
f)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.8%重量的、特别是1-2.8%重量的、尤其是1.3-2.4%重量的、特别是1.3-2.2%重量的DHA含量。
因此,用于本发明优选的挤压方法的组合物是具有至少一个、优选所有以下性质的组合物:
a)33-67%重量的、优选39-61%重量的、特别是44-55%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)5-25%重量的、优选8-22%重量的、特别是10-20%重量的、尤其是12-18%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选6-17%重量的、尤其优选8-14%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-13%重量的、优选3-11%重量的、特别是4-10%重量的、尤其是5.5-9%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
e)1-7%重量的、优选1.5-5.5%重量的、特别是2-5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4.5%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
f)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.8%重量的、特别是1-2.8%重量的、尤其是1.3-2.4%重量的、特别是1.3-2.2%重量的DHA含量。
因此,根据本发明优选的主题还是具有至少一个、优选所有以下性质的挤出物:
a)33-67%重量的、优选39-61%重量的、特别是44-55%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)5-25%重量的、优选8-22%重量的、特别是10-20%重量的、尤其是12-18%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选6-17%重量的、尤其优选8-14%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-13%重量的、优选3-11%重量的、特别是4-10%重量的、尤其是5.5-9%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
e)1-7%重量的、优选1.5-5.5%重量的、特别是2-5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4.5%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
f)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.8%重量的、特别是1-2.8%重量的、尤其是1.3-2.4%重量的、特别是1.3-2.2%重量的DHA含量。
根据本发明特别优选的挤压方法中使用的组合物是具有以下性质的组合物:
a)33-67%重量的、优选39-61%重量的、特别是44-55%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)5-25%重量的、优选8-22%重量的、特别是10-20%重量的、尤其是12-18%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选6-17%重量的、尤其优选8-14%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-24%重量的、优选4-22%重量的、特别是9-20%重量的、尤其是11-18%重量的网粘菌纲生物质含量、特别是破囊壶菌科生物质含量;
e)2-13%重量的、优选3-11%重量的、特别是4-10%重量的、尤其是5.5-9%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
f)1-7%重量的、优选1.5-5.5%重量的、特别是2-5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4.5%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
g)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.8%重量的、特别是1-2.8%重量的、尤其是1.3-2.4%重量的、特别是1.3-2.2%重量的DHA含量。
因此,本发明的主题还是包含上文所述成分的挤出物。
根据本发明尤其优选的挤压方法中使用的组合物是具有以下性质的组合物:
a)33-67%重量的、优选39-61%重量的、特别是40-50%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)5-25%重量的、优选8-22%重量的、特别是10-20%重量的、尤其是12-18%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选6-17%重量的、尤其优选8-14%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-24%重量的、优选4-22%重量的、特别是9-20%重量的、尤其是11-18%重量的Aurantiochytria生物质含量、特别是Aurantiochytrium limacinum生物质含量、尤其是Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21生物质含量;
e)2-13%重量的、优选3-11%重量的、特别是4-10%重量的、尤其是5.5-9%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
f)1-7%重量的、优选1.5-5.5%重量的、特别是2-5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4.5%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
g)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.8%重量的、特别是1-2.8%重量的、尤其是1.3-2.4%重量的、特别是1.3-2.2%重量的DHA含量。
因此,所获得的挤出物同样优选具有上文所述的性质。
在优选的实施方案中,随后用油涂敷所得的挤出物,特别是植物油,优选是以基于最终产物3-18%重量的、特别是5-15%重量的、尤其优选7-13%重量的量。
相应地,这提供了油涂敷的挤出物,其优选具有以下性质:
a)30-60%重量的、优选35-55%重量的、特别是40-50%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)15-35%重量的、优选18-32%重量的、特别是20-30%重量的、尤其是22-28%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选5-15%重量的、尤其优选7-13%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-12%重量的、优选3-10%重量的、特别是4-9%重量的、尤其是5-8%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
e)1-6%重量的、优选1.5-5%重量的、特别是2-4.5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
f)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.5%重量的、特别是1-2.5%重量的、尤其是1.2-2.2%重量的、特别是1.2-2.0%重量的DHA含量。
所得的油涂敷的挤出物尤其优选具有以下性质:
a)30-60%重量的、优选35-55%重量的、特别是40-50%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)15-35%重量的、优选18-32%重量的、特别是20-30%重量的、尤其是22-28%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选5-15%重量的、尤其优选7-13%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-12%重量的、优选3-10%重量的、特别是4-9%重量的、尤其是5-8%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
e)1-6%重量的、优选1.5-5%重量的、特别是2-4.5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
f)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.5%重量的、特别是1-2.5%重量的、尤其是1.2-2.2%重量的、特别是1.2-2.0%重量的DHA含量。
所得的油涂敷的挤出物尤其优选具有以下性质:
a)30-60%重量的、优选35-55%重量的、特别是40-50%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)15-35%重量的、优选18-32%重量的、特别是20-30%重量的、尤其是22-28%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选5-15%重量的、尤其优选7-13%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-22%重量的、优选4-20%重量的、特别是8-18%重量的、尤其是10-16%重量的网粘菌纲生物质含量、特别是破囊壶菌科生物质含量;
e)2-12%重量的、优选3-10%重量的、特别是4-9%重量的、尤其是5-8%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
f)1-6%重量的、优选1.5-5%重量的、特别是2-4.5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
g)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.5%重量的、特别是1-2.5%重量的、尤其是1.2-2.2%重量的、特别是1.2-2.0%重量的DHA含量。
根据本发明获得的油涂敷的挤出物尤其具有以下性质:
a)30-60%重量的、优选35-55%重量的、特别是40-50%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)15-35%重量的、优选18-32%重量的、特别是20-30%重量的、尤其是22-28%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选5-15%重量的、尤其优选7-13%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-22%重量的、优选4-20%重量的、特别是8-18%重量的、尤其是10-16%重量的Aurantiochytria生物质含量、特别是Aurantiochytrium limacinum生物质含量、尤其是Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21生物质含量;
e)2-12%重量的、优选3-10%重量的、特别是4-9%重量的、尤其是5-8%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
f)1-6%重量的、优选1.5-5%重量的、特别是2-4.5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
g)0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.5%重量的、特别是1-2.5%重量的、尤其是1.2-2.2%重量的、特别是1.2-2.0%重量的DHA含量。
根据本发明,在要根据本发明使用的生物质之外,所使用的含脂肪的成分还可以是,动物和植物来源的脂肪(特别是油)。根据本发明,适宜的含脂肪成分特别是植物油,例如大豆油、菜籽油、葵花籽油、亚麻籽油或棕榈油以及其混合物。如果适宜的化,也可以另外以低量将鱼油用作含脂肪成分。
优选地,本发明的油涂敷的挤出物,以3-18%重量的、特别是5-15%重量的、尤其是7-13%重量的量包含植物油。如上文所述,所述植物油优选在较晚的时间点应用于挤出物,特别是通过真空涂敷。
根据本发明,可以例如将大豆蛋白、豌豆蛋白、小麦面筋或玉米面筋以及其混合物用作含蛋白成分。
以下的实例可用作还另外含有脂肪的含蛋白成分:鱼粉、磷虾粉、双壳贝类粉、鱿鱼粉或虾粉。这在后文归入术语"海产粉"。在优选的实施方案中,本发明的饲料以3-18%重量的、特别是5-15%重量的、尤其是7-13%重量的量包含海产粉(优选鱼粉)。
所使用的含碳水化合物成分可以例如是,小麦粉、葵花粉、大豆粉以及其混合物。
本发明的挤出物优选区别不仅仅是在于油负载能力,还在于具有很高的抗磨损性。所述抗磨损性优选为至少91%、特别是至少92%或93%、尤其优选至少94%。
根据本发明,抗磨损性以如下方式确定:使用Holmen粒料测试仪NHP100(Borregaard Lignotech,Hull,UK)将干燥的挤出物(具有4mm的直径和4mm的长度)暴露于机械负载。在进行该测试之前,对样品进行筛选以便去除任何附着的精细颗粒。随后使用2.5mm的过滤筛子将经加工的样品(100g)引入粒料测试仪。然后以高气流速度(约70mbar)使所述粒料经具有直角弯管的管道传送30秒。测试参数通过设备预先确定。随后,通过称重来确定磨损的材料。抗磨损性以PDI(粒料耐久性指数)进行说明,其定义为已进行了所述测试之后样品留在过滤筛子中的百分比量。每种情形用三份样品进行所述测试,并继而计算均值。
所述油涂敷的挤出物优选区别在于其在水中具有很高的稳定性。这优选为至少96%、特别是至少97%、尤其优选至少98%。
使用负载油的样品来进行水稳定性。该方法基本上如Baeverfjord等人(2006;Aquaculture 261,1335-1345)中所述进行,有少许改动。将10g样品(每种情形都是长度和直径4mm)引入至具有6.5mm直径和0.3mm网格大小的金属灌注框(Inox,Germany)中。随后将所述灌注框置于充满水的塑料槽中,从而使样品完全被水覆盖。随后使用Multiorbital摇动器PSU-20I(Biosan,Latvia)将所述槽暴露于每分钟30摇动单位的摇动搅拌30分钟。之后,使用印迹纸小心地将样品干燥,并继而在其以105℃烤箱烘干24小时之前和之后称重。水稳定性计算为样品在水中温育之前和之后干重的差异,并表示为所使用样品在与水温育之前干重的百分比。
所述食品或饲料优选是在水产中或在用于家禽生产、猪生产、或牛生产的食品或饲料中使用的产物。所述饲料也可以采取用于饲养小生物体(其可在水产中用作饲料)的饲料的形式。所述小生物体可以采取这样的形式:例如线虫类(nematodes)、甲壳类或轮虫类(rotifers)。所述饲料优选以薄片、球状或片剂的形式存在。可通过挤压获得的饲料优选具有低于5%重量、尤其是优选0.2-4%重量的水分含量。
在水产中使用的饲料优选用于饲养优选要用于人类营养的有鳍鱼类或甲壳类。这些特别包括,鲤鱼(carp)、罗非鱼(tilapia)、鲶鱼(catfish)、金枪鱼、鲑鱼、鳟鱼(trout)、澳洲肺鱼(barramundi)、鲷鱼(bream)、鲈鱼(perch)、鳕鱼(cod)、虾、龙虾、蟹、对虾和鳌虾(crayfish)。特别优选用于养殖鲑鱼的饲料。在此背景下鲑鱼的优选类型有大西洋鲑鱼(Atlantic salmon)、红鲑鱼(red salmon)、樱鲑鱼(masu salmon)、大鳞鲑鱼(kingsalmon)、***哈鱼(keta salmon)、银鲑鱼(coho salmon)、哲罗鲑鱼(Danube salmon)、太平洋鲑鱼(Pacific salmon)和细鳞鲑鱼(pink salmon)。
或者,也可以是要用于养殖随后加工成鱼粉或鱼油的鱼类的饲料。所述鱼类优选是青鱼(herring)、青鳕鱼(pollack)、鲱鱼(menhaden)、凤尾鱼(anchovy)、香鱼(capelin)或鳕鱼。由此获得的鱼粉或鱼油继而可在水产中用于养殖食用鱼类或甲壳类。
水产可以在池塘、水箱、盆又或者在海洋或湖泊中隔离的区域中进行,特别是在此情形中于笼或网箱中进行。水产可用于养殖最终食用的鱼类,但也可以用于养殖鱼苗(其随后被释放从而补充野生鱼类的存量)。
在鲑鱼养殖中,优选首先将该鱼在清水箱或人工水道中培养成二龄鲑(smolt),并继而在漂浮于海中的笼或网箱(其优选锚定在海湾和峡湾中)中培养。
因此,本发明另外的主题也是用于养殖动物的方法,特别是用于养殖有鳍鱼类或甲壳类,优选鲑鱼,其中使用了本发明的饲料。本发明另外的主题还是动物,特别是有鳍鱼类或甲壳类,其可通过本发明的此类方法获得。
用于制备生物质,特别是含有包含脂质(特别是PUFA)的细胞(特别是破囊壶菌目的细胞)的生物质的方法在现有技术中已有广泛描述。一般来说,通过在碳源和氮源的存在下在发酵罐中培养细胞来进行制备。在此背景下,可以获得超过每升100克的生物质密度以及超过每小时每升0.5克脂的生产率。该方法优选以已知为分批补料的方法来进行,也即碳和氮源在发酵期间进行渐增补料。当已经获得期望的生物质时,则可以通过各种手段来诱导脂质的产生,例如通过限制氮源、碳源或氧气含量或者这些的组合。
优选地,所述细胞在低盐分的培养基中发酵,特别是以便避免腐蚀。这可以通过使用无氯钠盐替代氯化钠作为钠源来实现,如例如,硫酸钠、磷酸钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠或苏打灰。优选地,在发酵中以低于3g/l、特别是低于500mg/l、尤其优选低于100mg/l的量使用氯化物。
适宜的碳源有醇和非醇碳源。醇碳源的实例有甲醇、乙醇和异丙醇。非醇碳源的实例有果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、糖蜜、淀粉和玉米糖浆。
适宜的氮源有无机的和有机的氮源。无机氮源的实例有硝酸盐和铵盐,特别是硫酸铵和氢氧化铵。有机氮源地实例有氨基酸,特别是谷氨酸盐,以及尿素。
另外,也可以添加无机或有机磷化合物和/或已知的生长刺激物质(如例如,酵母提取物或玉米浆),从而对发酵产生积极效果。
在本发明优选的实施方案中,对发酵期间添加的硫酸盐的量进行选择,从而在所得的生物质中产生基于干物质25-60g/kg的硫酸盐含量,特别是25-50、25-40或25-35g/kg。
根据本发明,可以不同的方式调节所得生物质中的硫酸盐含量。
例如,在所谓的分批的方法中,所需要的硫酸盐的量在开始的时候可以是已经完全被引入。所需的硫酸盐的量可以简单的方式进行计算,因为用于形成生物质的细胞几乎完全吸收硫酸盐。
或者,当使用所谓的分批补料方法时,所需要的硫酸盐的量可以在发酵的过程中进行计量,或者相应地,可以初始引入一些硫酸盐并在发酵过程中对其余的进行计量。
特别是在发酵过程中当显现出所产生的生物质的量超过了原本计算的值的情形时,可以通过随后对硫酸盐的计量来确保所得的生物质包含优选量的硫酸盐。
所使用的硫酸盐优选为硫酸钠、硫酸铵或硫酸镁以及其混合物。
在发酵期间,相对于液体发酵培养基(包括存在的生物质)的氯化物含量,优选总是低于3g/kg、特别是低于1g/kg、特别优选低于400mg/kg发酵培养基。
在硫酸盐以及任选使用的氯化物之外,还可以在发酵期间任选使用其它的盐,特别是选自碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、苏打灰或无机磷化合物的那些。
如果使用了其它的盐,则优选以这样的量使用:每种盐在发酵期间就液体发酵培养基(包括存在的生物质)而言,在每种情形发酵培养基中都是低于10g/kg、特别是低于5g/kg、特别优选低于3g/kg的量。
根据本发明,在整个发酵过程期间,发酵培养基(包括存在的生物质)中总的盐含量优选总是低于35g/kg、特别是低于30g/kg。特别优选地,在整个发酵过程期间,就液体发酵培养基(包括存在的生物质)而言的总的盐含量,为10-35g/kg、特别是12-30g/kg。
根据本发明,在整个发酵过程中,发酵培养基(包括存在的生物质)中的硫酸盐含量优选总是在5-16g/kg。
根据本发明,"硫酸盐含量"理解为是指硫酸盐的总含量,也即游离的或结合的(特别是有机结合的)硫酸盐的含量。可以认为生物质中存在的硫酸盐大部分是作为表多糖的成分存在的,其参与微生物细胞壁的形成。
根据本发明,所述硫酸盐含量优选是通过确定所获得生物质的硫含量来确定的,因为生物质中存在的大部分的硫都可归因于存在的硫酸盐。归因于其它来源的硫由于存在的硫酸盐的量而可以忽略。因而,所确定的硫的量可以容易地用于确定所存在的硫酸盐的量。
在此背景下,生物质的硫含量优选通过依照DIN EN ISO 11885的元素分析来确定。为了对生物质的硫含量进行分析,在分析前优选用硝酸和过氧化氢在240℃压力下来水解样品的适宜等分试样,以便确保存在的硫的自由可接近性。
因此,根据本发明,优选使用含PUFA的生物质来制备饲料,所述含PUFA的生物质区别在于,通过依照DIN EN ISO 11885的元素分析可以在所述生物质中检测到8-20g/kg的硫含量(基于干物质)。在此背景下,所述生物质中的硫含量优选为8-17g/kg、特别是8-14g/kg、特别优选8-12g/kg(每种情形都基于干物质)。
根据本发明,本发明优选使用的生物质的磷含量基于干物质优选为1-6g/kg、特别是2-5g/kg。所述磷含量同样优选通过依照DIN EN ISO 11885的元素分析来确定。
细胞优选在3-11(特别是4-10)的pH进行发酵,以及优选在至少20℃的温度(特别是20-40℃、特别优选至少30℃)。通常的发酵过程需要大约100小时。
根据本发明,优选将细胞发酵至达到至少50、60或70g/l(特别是至少80或90g/l、特别优选至少100g/l)的生物质密度。所述数据是基于发酵结束后相对于发酵液总体积的干生物质含量。干生物质的含量是通过如下来确定的:通过过滤从发酵液中去除生物质、随后用水洗涤、继而完全干燥(例如在微波炉中)、和最后确定干重。
在发酵结束后,收获生物质。在收获生物质之后(或者任选甚至是在收获生物质之前不久),细胞优选经过巴氏消毒以便将细胞杀死并且使可促进脂质降解的酶失活。巴氏消毒优选通过将生物质加热至50-121℃的温度达到5-60分钟的时间来实现。
同样,在收获生物质之后(或者任选在收获生物质之前不久),优选添加抗氧化剂以便保护生物质中存在的可回收材料不被氧化降解。此背景下优选的抗氧化剂有BHT、BHA、TBHA、乙氧喹、β-葫萝卜素、维生素E和维生素C。抗氧化剂(若使用的话),优选以0.01-2%重量的量添加。
在实际干燥之前,现在可以任选先从生物质中分离部分发酵培养基,并由此提高固体部分。这可以特别通过离心、浮选、过滤(特别是超滤或微滤)、倾倒和/或溶剂蒸发来进行。在此情形中溶剂优选使用旋转蒸发器、薄膜蒸发器或降膜蒸发器在单一阶段或多阶段的方法中进行蒸发。或者,例如逆渗透也可用于浓缩发酵液。
在此第一个任选却优选的步骤中,优选将发酵液浓缩至至少10%或15%重量的、优选至少20%或25%重量的、特别是10-50%或15-45%重量的、特别优选15-40%重量的或20-40%重量的固体含量。
这意味着要在本发明的方法中进行干燥的生物质,优选以具有上文所述固体部分的悬液的形式存在,其中所述悬液优选是发酵液或浓缩的发酵液。
在任选的发酵液浓缩之后,继而将生物质根据本发明干燥,优选通过喷雾干燥、特别是喷嘴喷雾干燥、喷雾制粒、流化床制粒、特别是流化床制粒或在鼓式干燥器中。
或者,所述生物质也可以在收获之后直接进行干燥步骤而无事先的浓缩,特别是当所获得的发酵液已经具有高固体含量(优选上文所述的)的时候。
对于生物质的干燥,优选干燥至最多10%重量的、特别是0-10%重量的、特别优选最多8%重量的、特别是0.5-8%重量的、尤其是最多6%或5%重量的、特别是0.5-6%或0.5-5%重量的残余水分含量。
根据本发明,"干物质"因而优选理解为是指具有低于10%重量的、特别是低于5%重量的水分含量的生物质。
优选通过所述干燥方法获得自由流动的、细粒或粗粒的产物(优选为粒状)。可以任选从经筛分或粉尘分离所获得的粒状来得到具有期望颗粒大小的产物。
得到了提供自由流动的细粒粉末,这可以任选转化为粗粒的、自由流动的大部分无粉尘的产物,其可以通过适宜的压实或制粒过程来储存。
常规的有机或无机辅助物或支持物如淀粉、明胶、纤维素衍生物或类似物质(其通常用于食品加工或在食品加工中用作粘合剂、胶凝剂或增稠剂),可任选用于此随后的制粒或压实过程。
根据本发明,“自由流动”理解为是指能够从一系列具有不同大小流出开口的玻璃外流容器(至少从具有5毫米开口的容器)不受阻滞地流出的粉末(Klein:Seifen,Fette,Wachse 94,12(1968))。
根据本发明,“细粒”理解为是指具有直径20-100微米颗粒大小的主要部分(>50%)的粉末。
根据本发明,“粗粒”理解为是指具有直径100-2500微米颗粒大小的主要部分(>50%)的粉末。
根据本发明,“无粉尘”理解为是指仅含有很少部分(<10%,优选<5%)小于100微米颗粒大小的粉末。
粒子或颗粒大小根据本发明优选通过激光衍射光谱测定方法来确定。可能的方法在R.H.Müller和R.Schuhmann的教科书"in der Laborpraxis"[实验室颗粒大小测量],Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart(1996)中以及在M.Rhodes的教科书"Introduction to Particle Technology",Wiley&Sons(1998)中有描述。由于可以使用各种方法,因此优选使用R.H.Müller和R.Schuhmann的教科书中所引用的用于测量颗粒大小的第一个可用的方法。
通过干燥获得的生物质优选具有至少80%重量的、特别是至少90%重量的、特别优选至少95%重量的颗粒部分,所述颗粒具有100-3500微米、优选100-3000微米、尤其是100-2500微米的颗粒大小。
实施例
实施例1:通过Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21在高硫酸钠含量中发酵以及随后的生物质干燥来制备生物质
使用具有2升发酵体积的钢发酵罐在分批补料过程中将细胞培养大约75h,其中总的初始生物质为712g并且获得的总最终生物质为1.3-1.5kg。在该过程中,在(分批补料过程)中测量葡萄糖溶液(570g/kg的葡萄糖)。
起始培养基的组成如下:
培养基1:20g/kg的葡萄糖;4g/kg的酵母提取物;16g/kg的硫酸钠;2g/kg的硫酸铵;2.46g/kg的硫酸镁(七水);0.45g/kg的氯化钾;4.5g/kg的磷酸二氢钾;0.1g/kg的硫胺(HCl);5g/kg的微量元素溶液。
微量元素溶液的组成如下:35g/kg的盐酸(37%);1.86g/kg的氯化锰(四水);1.82g/kg的硫酸锌(七水);0.818g/kg的EDTA钠;0.29g/kg的硼酸;0.24g/kg的钼酸钠(二水);4.58g/kg的氯化钙(二水);17.33g/kg的硫酸铁(七水);0.15g/kg的氯化铜(二水)。
在以下的条件下进行培养:培养温度28℃;通气速率0.5vvm,搅拌器速度600-1950rpm,使用氨水(25%v/v)在生长期将pH控制在4.5。将发酵进行至实现116g/l的生物质密度。
在培养之后,将发酵液加热至60℃达20分钟以防止进一步的细胞活性。
接着,进行了两个阶段的生物质的干燥:首先,通过蒸发将发酵液浓缩为大约20%重量的干物质;接着,使用Production MinorTM喷雾干燥机(GEA NIRO)在340℃的干燥空气入口温度对浓缩的发酵液进行喷雾干燥。喷雾干燥由此产生了具有超过95%重量的干物质的粉末。
为了确定所获得的生物质的硫酸盐含量,通过DIN ISO 11885确定了生物质的硫含量。为此,在分析前用硝酸和过氧化氢在240℃压力下首先将生物质的等分试样水解。所确定的硫含量为11g/kg生物质,对应于33g/kg生物质的硫酸盐含量。
实施例2:通过挤压制备饲料
制备了表1中所示的饲料混合物。除了要根据本发明使用实施例1的生物质之外,还对另外两种可商业购买的网粘菌纲生物质以及还有鱼油(目前仍作为ω-3脂肪酸的常规来源)进行了测试,以做比较。
在每种情形中,饲料混合物都是通过使用双螺旋混合器(型号500L,TGCExtrusion,France)将化合物(除了油例外)混合来产生的。继而使用锤式粉碎机(型号SH1,Hosokawa-Alpine,Germany)将由此获得的混合物粉碎成小于250μm的颗粒大小。
表1:挤压方法中使用的饲料组成(数据为重量%)
对于挤压,在每个情况中对每份饲料使用了140kg。使用具有55.5mm的螺杆直径和90-100kg/h的最大流速的双螺杆挤出机(CLEXTRAL BC45)来进行挤压。挤压出大小4.0mm(直径和长度)的粒料(pellet)。为此,所述挤出机装配有高速切割器以便将产物转化为需要的粒料大小。
继而测试了各种挤压参数,以便找出在何种挤压条件下才可以获得所得挤出物的最佳油负载能力。出乎意料地,发现用很低的能量输入就能够实现最佳的油负载能力。此处能量输入明显低于使用鱼油的时候。另外,本发明优选使用的具有高硫酸盐含量的生物质的最佳能量输入也明显低于商业可得Thraustochytriales生物质的情形。结果在表2中示出。
表2:用于制备具有期望油负载能力的粒料的能量输入
参数"SME"是比机械能。其如下计算:
其中
U:马达的操作电压(此处为460V)
I:马达的电流(A)
cosΦ:挤出机马达的理论性能(此处为0.95)
测试SS:旋转螺杆的测试速度(rpm)
最大SS:旋转螺杆的最大速度(267rpm)
QS:饲料糊状物的出口流速(kg/h)
挤压之后,在振动流化床干燥机(型号DR100,TGC Extrusion,France)中将挤出物干燥。
之后,将挤出物冷,并继是通过真空涂敷(真空涂层PG-10VCLAB,Dinnisen,theNetherlands)的手段用油进行涂敷。在此,发现超过0.35g的油可应用于1g的挤出物。
实施例3:确定抗磨损性和水稳定性
如下来确定抗磨损性:在负载油之前,使用Holmen粒料测试仪(BorregaardLignotech,Hull,UK)将干燥的挤压产物暴露于机械压力。在进行该测试之前,对样品进行筛选以便去除任何附着的精细颗粒。随后使用2.5mm的过滤筛子将经加工的样品(100g)引入粒料测试仪。然后以高气流速度使所述粒料经具有直角弯管的管道传送30秒。之后,通过称重确定磨损的材料。抗磨损性以PDI(粒料耐久性指数)进行说明,其定义为样品留在过滤筛子中的百分比量。每种情形用三份样品进行所述测试并继而计算表均值。
使用负载油的样品来进行水稳定性。该方法基本上如Baeverfjord等人(2006;Aquaculture 261,1335-1345)中所述进行,有少许改动。将10g样品引入至具有0.3mm网格大小的金属灌注框(metallic infusion basket)中。随后将所述灌注框置于含有水的塑料槽中,从而使样品完全被水覆盖。随后将所述槽暴露于每分钟30摇动单位的摇动搅拌30分钟。之后,使用印迹纸小心地将样品干燥,并继而在其以105℃烤箱烘干24小时之前和之后称重。水稳定性计算为样品在水中温育之前和之后干重的差异,并表示为所使用样品在与水温育之前干重的百分比。
结果在下表3中示出。
样品 | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 |
抗磨损性[%] | 90.0 | 93.3 | 88.3 | 85.2 |
水稳定性[%] | 95.7 | 98.5 | 93.8 | 90.2 |
可以发现,与含有商业可得的网粘菌纲生物质或鱼油作为ω-3脂肪酸来源的饲料相比,本发明的饲料具有明显更高的抗磨损性和水稳定性。
Claims (14)
1.用于制备含PUFA的饲料的方法,特征在于以12-28Wh/kg的能量输入,将具有基于干物质计25-60g/kg硫酸盐含量的含PUFA的生物质与另外的饲料成分一起进行挤压。
2.权利要求1的方法,特征在于所述挤压以14-26、优选16-24、特别是18-22Wh/kg的能量输入进行。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,特征在于所述含PUFA的生物质包含分类单元网粘菌纲(Labyrinthulomycetes)的细胞,特别是破囊壶菌科(Thraustochytriaceae)的那些细胞,尤其优选破囊壶菌属(Thraustochytrium)、裂殖壶菌属(Schizochytrium)、Aurantiochytrium属、Oblongichytrium属或吾肯氏壶菌属(Ulkenia)的那些细胞,尤其是Aurantiochytrium属的细胞。
4.权利要求3的方法,特征在于所述含PUFA的生物质包含Aurantiochytriumlimacinum种的细胞,特别是Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21株的细胞。
5.前述权利要求任一项的方法,特征在于所述生物质具有基于干物质计25-50g/kg、优选25-40g/kg、尤其是25-35g/kg的硫酸盐含量。
6.前述权利要求任一项的方法,特征在于所述挤压中使用的组合物具有以下性质:
a)33-67重量%的、优选39-61%重量的、特别是44-55%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)5-25%重量的、优选8-22%重量的、特别是10-20%重量的、尤其是12-18%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选6-17%重量的、尤其优选8-14%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-24%重量的、优选4-22%重量的、特别是9-20%重量的、尤其是11-18%重量的生物质含量、特别是网粘菌纲生物质含量、优选破囊壶菌科生物质含量;
e)优选存在的0.8-8%重量的、优选1.2-6%重量的、特别是1.4-5%重量的、尤其是1.5-4%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
f)优选存在的0.8-8%重量的、优选1.2-6%重量的、特别是1.4-5%重量的、尤其是1.5-4%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
g)优选存在的0.1-4.0%重量的、优选0.25-3.0%重量的、特别是0.5-2.8%重量的、尤其是0.8-2.5%重量的、特别是1.0-2.0%重量的DHA含量。
7.前述权利要求任一项的方法,特征在于在挤压、以及任选存在的挤出物的干燥之后,用优选以基于最终产物计3-17%重量、特别是5-15%重量的量的油、特别是植物油涂敷所述挤出物。
8.含PUFA的饲料挤出物,其能够通过前述权利要求的方法获得。
9.含PUFA的饲料挤出物,其包含含PUFA的生物质,其中所述生物质包含分类单元网粘菌纲的细胞,特征在于其具有每克挤出物至少0.25g油、优选每克挤出物至少0.30g油、尤其优选每克挤出物至少0.35g油的油负载能力。
10.前述权利要求的饲料挤出物,特征在于其包含含PUFA的生物质,其中所述生物质包含破囊壶菌科的细胞,尤其优选破囊壶菌属、裂殖壶菌属、Aurantiochytrium属、Oblongichytrium属或吾肯氏壶菌属的细胞,尤其是Aurantiochytrium属的细胞。
11.前述权利要求的饲料挤出物,特征在于所述生物质包含Aurantiochytriumlimacinum种的细胞,特别是Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21株的细胞。
12.前述权利要求任一项的饲料挤出物,特征在于所述生物质具有基于干物质计25-60g/kg、特别是25-50g/kg、优选25-40g/kg、尤其是25-35g/kg的硫酸盐含量。
13.前述权利要求任一项的含PUFA的饲料挤出物,特征在于其具有以下性质:
a)30-60%重量的、优选35-55%重量的、特别是40-50%重量的总蛋白含量;
b)15-35%重量的、优选18-32%重量的、特别是20-30%重量的、尤其是22-28%重量的总脂肪含量;
c)不超过25%重量的、特别是不超过20%重量的、优选5-15%重量的、尤其优选7-13%重量的总淀粉含量;
d)2-22%重量的、优选4-20%重量的、特别是8-18%重量的、尤其是10-16%重量的生物质含量、特别是网粘菌纲生物质含量、优选破囊壶菌科生物质含量;
e)优选存在的2-12%重量的、优选3-10%重量的、特别是4-9%重量的、尤其是5-8%重量的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量;
f)优选存在的1-6%重量的、优选1.5-5%重量的、特别是2-4.5%重量的、尤其是2.5-4%重量的ω-3脂肪酸含量;
g)优选存在的0.5-3%重量的、优选0.8-2.5%重量的、特别是1-2.5%重量的、尤其是1.2-2.2%重量的、特别是1.2-2.0%重量的DHA含量。
14.用于养殖动物、特别是鱼类的方法,其中使用前述任一项权利要求的饲料挤出物。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14187479.2 | 2014-10-02 | ||
EP14187479 | 2014-10-02 | ||
PCT/EP2015/071707 WO2016050559A1 (de) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-09-22 | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES PUFAs ENTHALTENDEN FUTTERMITTELS DURCH EXTRUSION EINER PUFAs ENTHALTENDEN BIOMASSE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106793803A true CN106793803A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
CN106793803B CN106793803B (zh) | 2021-03-09 |
Family
ID=51661922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201580053433.6A Active CN106793803B (zh) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-09-22 | 通过挤压含pufa的生物质来制备含pufa的饲料的方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10619175B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3200606B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN106793803B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112017006834B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2958460C (zh) |
CL (1) | CL2017000755A1 (zh) |
DK (2) | DK179981B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2873094T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016050559A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2826384A1 (de) | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | Evonik Industries AG | Verfahren zur Trocknung von Biomasse |
ES2900848T3 (es) | 2014-10-02 | 2022-03-18 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Procedimiento para la producción de un pienso |
DK180021B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2020-01-22 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Process for producing a PUFA-containing biomass which has high cell stability. |
BR112017006833B1 (pt) | 2014-10-02 | 2022-09-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Alimento para animais contendo ácido graxo poli-insaturado e processo para produzir o mesmo |
US11419350B2 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2022-08-23 | Corbion Biotech, Inc. | Feed ingredients comprising lysed microbial cells |
JP6998935B2 (ja) | 2016-07-13 | 2022-01-18 | エボニック オペレーションズ ゲーエムベーハー | 溶解された脂質含有バイオマスから脂質を分離する方法 |
CN110462014A (zh) | 2016-12-27 | 2019-11-15 | 赢创德固赛有限公司 | 从含有脂质的生物质中分离脂质的方法 |
WO2019012460A1 (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | Plentex Philippines Inc. | FERMENTED AGRICULTURAL BIOMASS COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF PRODUCTION THEREOF |
EP3668989A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2020-06-24 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Enhanced production of lipids by limitation of at least two limiting nutrient sources |
EP3470502A1 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-17 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Method of separating lipids from a lysed lipids containing biomass |
EP3527664A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2019-08-21 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Method of isolating lipids from a lipids containing biomass |
WO2019219396A1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method of isolating lipids from a lysed lipids containing biomass by emulsion inversion |
WO2019219443A1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method of isolating lipids from a lipids containing biomass with aid of hydrophobic silica |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998049904A2 (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1998-11-12 | Ewos Limited | Method for preparing high oil content fish feed pellets |
EP0669809B1 (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 2003-06-04 | Omegatech, Inc. | Process for the heterotrophic production of microbial products with high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
WO2014122092A1 (de) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verbesserung der bioverfügbarkeit von wertstoffen aus mikroorganismen |
Family Cites Families (152)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2123134A (en) | 1937-01-06 | 1938-07-05 | Sardik Inc | Process of treating food materials |
US2177031A (en) | 1938-04-01 | 1939-10-24 | Tanner Thomas Gordon | Continuous heat treatment furance |
US2513369A (en) | 1946-07-02 | 1950-07-04 | Terminal Island Sea Foods Ltd | Drying by fluidization of the work |
GB1024835A (en) | 1961-10-11 | 1966-04-06 | Andre Gabriel Margittai | A process and apparatus for low-temperature dehydration |
US3437489A (en) | 1964-06-20 | 1969-04-08 | Seiji Arakawa | Process for producing fishmeals |
US3920815A (en) | 1970-04-15 | 1975-11-18 | Mirlin Corp | Taste-modifying composition |
US3773527A (en) | 1970-07-30 | 1973-11-20 | Shapoff L | Method of preserving cooked potatoes |
GB1397410A (en) | 1971-09-09 | 1975-06-11 | Distillers Co Yeast Ltd | Yeast |
GB1560478A (en) | 1975-11-10 | 1980-02-06 | Gist Brocades Nv | Compressed yeast compositions |
DE2614348C3 (de) | 1976-04-01 | 1986-01-02 | Versuchsanstalt Der Hefeindustrie E.V., 1000 Berlin | Pulverförmiges, freifließendes Frischbackhefepräparat |
US4209538A (en) | 1977-04-04 | 1980-06-24 | Transfresh Corporation | Method for inhibiting fungi in citrus fruit |
US4228197A (en) | 1979-01-18 | 1980-10-14 | Food Storage Systems, Inc. | Atmosphere controlling method and apparatus for food storage |
US4335150A (en) | 1979-06-19 | 1982-06-15 | Chlorine Engineers Corp. | Low temperature food drying process |
CH646729A5 (en) | 1981-10-09 | 1984-12-14 | Aeromatic Ag | Process and apparatus for drying active yeast |
US4592762A (en) | 1981-10-22 | 1986-06-03 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process for gasification of cellulosic biomass |
US4683139A (en) | 1985-07-11 | 1987-07-28 | Wilson Foods Corporation | Process for prepacking fresh meat |
WO1988000081A1 (en) | 1986-07-08 | 1988-01-14 | Kohlensäurewerk Deutschland Gmbh | Process for separating volatile substances |
US6451567B1 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2002-09-17 | Omegatech, Inc. | Fermentation process for producing long chain omega-3 fatty acids with euryhaline microorganisms |
US5130242A (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1992-07-14 | Phycotech, Inc. | Process for the heterotrophic production of microbial products with high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
US6977167B2 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2005-12-20 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Mixtures of omega-3 and omega-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids from euryhaline microorganisms |
US5340594A (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1994-08-23 | Omegatech Inc. | Food product having high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
US5698244A (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1997-12-16 | Omegatech Inc. | Method for raising animals having high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
US20060094089A1 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 2006-05-04 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Process for the heterotrophic production of microbial products with high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
US5298271A (en) | 1989-04-14 | 1994-03-29 | Fuji Oil Co., Ltd. | Method of preventing edible oils and fats from deteriorating |
US5244921A (en) | 1990-03-21 | 1993-09-14 | Martek Corporation | Eicosapentaenoic acids and methods for their production |
SE9101642D0 (sv) | 1991-05-30 | 1991-05-30 | Kabi Pharmacia Ab | Phospholipids |
JP3354581B2 (ja) | 1991-09-30 | 2002-12-09 | サントリー株式会社 | ジホモ−γ−リノレン酸及びこれを含有する脂質の製造方法 |
US6410281B1 (en) | 1992-07-10 | 2002-06-25 | Omegatech, Inc. | Reducing corrosion in a fermentor by providing sodium with a non-chloride sodium salt |
US6068874A (en) | 1993-02-16 | 2000-05-30 | Dehydration Technologies, Inc. | Process of dehydrating biological products |
DE4308498C2 (de) | 1993-03-17 | 1997-01-09 | Degussa | Tierfuttermittel-Additiv auf Fermentationsbrühe-Basis, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung |
US5574065A (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1996-11-12 | Clintec Nutrition Co. | Method and composition for normalizing injury response |
US5700506A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1997-12-23 | Dna Plant Technology Corporation | Method for prolonging the shelf life of fresh tomato pieces |
ATE202264T1 (de) | 1996-02-15 | 2001-07-15 | Biotal Ltd | Mikroorganismen und deren verwendung in tier- und gärfutter |
EP2251410A3 (en) | 1996-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Preparation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
US6255505B1 (en) | 1996-03-28 | 2001-07-03 | Gist-Brocades, B.V. | Microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid containing oil from pasteurised biomass |
US20030143659A1 (en) | 1996-03-28 | 2003-07-31 | Hendrik Louis Bijl | Process for the preparation of a granular microbial biomass and isolation of a compound thereform |
AU771809B2 (en) | 1996-03-28 | 2004-04-01 | Gist-Brocades B.V. | Process for the preparation of a granular microbial biomass and isolation of valuable compounds therefrom |
CN101928213B (zh) | 1996-03-28 | 2012-12-05 | Dsmip资产有限公司 | 粒状微生物生物质的制备及其有价值的化合物的分离方法 |
DE69711374T3 (de) | 1996-05-15 | 2007-05-16 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Verfahren zum extrahieren von sterol mit einem polaren lösungsmittel zur herstellung eines mikrobiellen öles mit niedrigem sterolgehalt |
DE19621930C1 (de) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-11 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Tierfuttermittel-Zusatzes auf Fermentationsbrühe-Basis |
DK0935667T3 (da) | 1996-07-23 | 2007-04-10 | Nagase Chemtex Corp | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af docosahexaensyre og docosapentaensyre |
JP3792309B2 (ja) | 1996-08-30 | 2006-07-05 | サントリー株式会社 | 不飽和脂肪酸含有油脂の製造方法 |
JP4633204B2 (ja) | 1996-10-11 | 2011-02-16 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | アラキドン酸含有食用油脂およびそれを含有する食品 |
AU6400098A (en) | 1997-02-20 | 1998-09-09 | Gist-Brocades B.V. | Fermentative production of valuable compounds on an industrial scale using chemically defined media |
ATE305048T1 (de) | 1997-08-01 | 2005-10-15 | Martek Biosciences Corp | Dha-enthaltende naehrzusammensetzungen und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
KR100619651B1 (ko) | 1998-03-17 | 2006-09-05 | 콘린코 인크. | 공액 리놀레산 조성물 |
JP4175698B2 (ja) | 1998-06-19 | 2008-11-05 | サントリー株式会社 | 新規なトリグリセリド及びそれを含む組成物 |
US20070244192A1 (en) | 1999-01-14 | 2007-10-18 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Plant seed oils containing polyunsaturated fatty acids |
US6167638B1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2001-01-02 | Clearwater, Inc. | Drying of grain and other particulate materials |
RU2336307C2 (ru) | 2000-01-19 | 2008-10-20 | Мартек Биосайнсис Корпорейшн | Способ получения липидов (варианты) и липиды, полученные этим способом |
KR101293135B1 (ko) | 2000-01-28 | 2013-09-12 | 디에스엠 아이피 어셋츠 비.브이. | 발효기 내에서 진핵 미생물의 고밀도 배양에 의한 고도불포화 지방산을 함유하는 지질의 증진된 생산 방법 |
WO2002000035A1 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2002-01-03 | Acuabiotec Llc | Bioactive food complex, method for making bioactive food complex product and method for controlling disease |
AU2001273028B2 (en) | 2000-06-26 | 2006-11-16 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Improved methods of incorporating polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk |
AU2001292586A1 (en) | 2000-09-07 | 2002-03-22 | University Of Maryland Biotechnology Institute | Use of arachidonic acid for enhanced culturing of fish larvae and broodstock |
EP1392623A4 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2005-05-04 | Martek Biosciences Corp | PREPARATION AND USE OF A POLAR LIPID RICH FRACTION CONTAINING HIGHLY UNSATURATED OMEGA-3 AND / OR OMEGA-6 FATTY ACIDS FROM MICROBES, SEEDS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS AND MARINE ORGANISMS |
US20050287263A1 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2005-12-29 | Yaron Mayer | Proteinaceous food based on hempseed and/or other plants, that keeps the seed's nutritional value and does not use dangerous ingredients, such as preservatives or coloring. |
US8030348B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2011-10-04 | Neptune Technologies & Bioressources, Inc. | Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications |
DE10158046A1 (de) | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-05 | Basf Ag | Formulierung für den Einsatz in Lebensmitteln, Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln, Futtermitteln, Futterzusatzstoffen, pharmazeutischen und kosmetischen Zubereitungen sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
EP2266525B1 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2012-07-11 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | High quality lipids and methods for producing by enzymatic liberation from biomass |
US20060051484A1 (en) | 2002-05-14 | 2006-03-09 | J-Oil Mills, Inc. | Body taste improver comprising long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid and/or ester thereof and vegetable fat composition containing the same |
BRPI0311916B1 (pt) * | 2002-06-19 | 2020-01-28 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | processo para a produção de um óleo microbiano compreendendo ácido araquidônico |
DE60325590D1 (de) | 2002-06-19 | 2009-02-12 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | Pasteurisationsverfahren für mikrobielle zellen und mikrobielles öl |
CN1674786A (zh) | 2002-08-14 | 2005-09-28 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | 经涂布的含多不饱和脂肪酸的颗粒以及经涂布的含液体药物的颗粒 |
DE60334129D1 (de) | 2002-10-11 | 2010-10-21 | Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd | Verfahren zur herstellung von mikrobiellem fett oder öl mit niedrigerem unverseifbarem anteil |
JP4280158B2 (ja) | 2002-12-27 | 2009-06-17 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | ドコサヘキサエン酸生産能を有する微生物及びその利用 |
US20070082008A1 (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2007-04-12 | Advanced Bionutrition Corporation | Feed formulation for terrestrial and aquatic animals |
US20060265766A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2006-11-23 | Advanced Bionutrition Corporation | Fish and the production thereof |
KR101362989B1 (ko) | 2003-03-27 | 2014-02-17 | 산토리 홀딩스 가부시키가이샤 | 지질 개선제 및 지질 개선제를 함유하는 조성물 |
US9072311B2 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2015-07-07 | Advanced Bionutrition Corporation | Absorption of fat-soluble nutrients |
DE10334271B4 (de) | 2003-07-25 | 2006-02-23 | Stockhausen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Agglomeration von Superabsorberfeinteilchen, daraus erhältliche Superabsorberpartikel, deren Verwendung sowie diese beinhaltende Verbunde |
WO2005021735A1 (en) | 2003-09-01 | 2005-03-10 | Novozymes A/S | Method for increasing yield of biomass of and/or components of biomass from marine microorganisms |
US7935365B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2011-05-03 | Enzymotec, Ltd. | Glycerophospholipids for the improvement of cognitive functions |
US8052992B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2011-11-08 | Enzymotec Ltd. | Glycerophospholipids containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and their use in the treatment and improvement of cognitive functions |
DE10352838A1 (de) | 2003-11-10 | 2005-07-07 | Nutrinova Nutrition Specialties & Food Ingredients Gmbh | Verfahren zur Kultivierung von Mikroorganismen der Gattung Thraustochytriales unter Verwendung eines optimierten Niedrigsalzmediums |
TW201119585A (en) | 2003-11-12 | 2011-06-16 | J Oil Mills Inc | Body taste improver comprising long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid and/or its ester |
US7847113B2 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2010-12-07 | Suntory Holdings Limited | Phospholipids including long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids as constituents, and use of such phospholipids |
DE102004026152A1 (de) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | Basf Ag | Fermentative Herstellung von Feinchemikalien |
JP4849806B2 (ja) | 2005-02-08 | 2012-01-11 | 日本水産株式会社 | 新規な菌体処理方法を用いた高度不飽和脂肪酸の製造方法 |
US8241868B2 (en) | 2005-02-08 | 2012-08-14 | Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd. | Production of polyunsaturated fatty acids using cell treatment method |
US8048652B2 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2011-11-01 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Biomass hydrolysate and uses and production thereof |
CA2611324C (en) | 2005-06-07 | 2017-02-14 | Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited | Eukaryotic microorganisms for producing lipids and antioxidants |
AU2006260947B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2012-12-13 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for obtaining lipid from cells |
US20070032383A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Newell M K | Systems, methods, and compositions for modifying the metabolism of plants and of euucaryotic microbes |
US7977498B2 (en) | 2005-08-26 | 2011-07-12 | Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited | Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils |
WO2007041581A1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-12 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Methods for extending the shelf-life of food compositions containing polyunsaturated fatty acids |
AU2006322990A1 (en) | 2005-10-07 | 2007-06-14 | Ocean Nutrition Canada Ltd. | Salts of fatty acids and methods of making and using thereof |
AU2006326718A1 (en) | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-21 | Unilever Plc | Dehydration method for comminuted food products |
ATE474909T1 (de) | 2005-12-29 | 2010-08-15 | Abl Biotechnologies Ltd | Neuer schizochytrium-limacinum-stamm, der sich für die produktion von lipiden und extrazellulären polysacchariden eignet, sowie verfahren hierfür |
EP2010140A2 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2009-01-07 | Advanced Bionutrition Corporation | Feed formulations containing docosahexaenoic acid |
JP2009533064A (ja) | 2006-04-11 | 2009-09-17 | マーテック バイオサイエンシーズ コーポレーション | 長鎖多価不飽和脂肪酸を含む食品製品、およびそれらを調製するための方法 |
GB2437909A (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-14 | Advanced Bionutrition Inc | Animal feed comprising docosahexaenois acid from a microbial source |
DE102006026328A1 (de) | 2006-06-02 | 2008-01-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines L-Lysin enthaltenden Futtermitteladditivs |
US7910604B2 (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2011-03-22 | Novus International, Inc. | Antioxidant combinations for use in feed rations to increase milk production and milk fat |
WO2008129358A2 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2008-10-30 | Ocean Nutrition Canada Ltd. | Oil producing microbes and methods of modification thereof |
US20110117068A1 (en) | 2006-08-18 | 2011-05-19 | Organobalance Gmbh | Probiotic microorganisms for the reduction of manure odor |
TW200820913A (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2008-05-16 | Martek Biosciences Corp | Food fortification with polyunsaturated fatty acids |
WO2008049512A1 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-02 | Lonza Ag | Production of omega-3 fatty acids in microflora of thraustochytriales using modified media |
JP2010508262A (ja) | 2006-11-01 | 2010-03-18 | プロノヴァ バイオファーマ ノルゲ アーエス | 組成物 |
US20100266681A1 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2010-10-21 | Anne Kristin Holmeide | Fatty acid alcohols |
JP5101894B2 (ja) | 2007-01-15 | 2012-12-19 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 高度不飽和脂肪酸及びこれを含有する脂質の製造方法 |
US8071715B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2011-12-06 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Maleated and oxidized fatty acids |
JP4221617B2 (ja) | 2007-05-23 | 2009-02-12 | 北海道特殊飼料株式会社 | 動植物性残渣物乾燥発酵飼料・乾燥発酵肥料等製造装置 |
CL2008002020A1 (es) | 2007-07-12 | 2008-11-14 | Ocean Nutrition Canada Ltd | Metodo de modificacion de un aceite, que comprende hidrolizar gliceridos con una solucion de lipasa thermomyces lanuginosus, separar la fraccion de acido graso saturado de la fraccion de glicerido hidrolizado y esterificar los gliceridos hidrolizados en la presencia de candida antarctica lipasa b; y composicion de aceite. |
CN113846129A (zh) | 2007-09-12 | 2021-12-28 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | 生物油及其制备与应用 |
CA2704371A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Wake Forest University School Of Medicine | Compositions and methods for prevention and treatment of mammalian diseases |
US8343753B2 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2013-01-01 | Wake Forest University School Of Medicine | Compositions, methods, and kits for polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae |
EP2071019A1 (en) | 2007-12-15 | 2009-06-17 | Lonza AG | Method for the cultivation of microoranisms of the order thraustochytriales |
WO2009102558A2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-08-20 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Aquaculture feed, products, and methods comprising beneficial fatty acids |
US20100303961A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-12-02 | Solazyme, Inc. | Methods of Inducing Satiety |
US20100303989A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-12-02 | Solazyme, Inc. | Microalgal Flour |
US20100297331A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-11-25 | Solazyme, Inc. | Reduced Fat Foods Containing High-Lipid Microalgae with Improved Sensory Properties |
PT2339925T (pt) | 2008-10-14 | 2022-12-30 | Corbion Biotech Inc | Composições alimentares de biomassa microalgal |
US20100297323A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-11-25 | Solazyme, Inc. | Gluten-free Foods Containing Microalgae |
US20100303990A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-12-02 | Solazyme, Inc. | High Protein and High Fiber Algal Food Materials |
US20100297295A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-11-25 | Solazyme, Inc. | Microalgae-Based Beverages |
US20100297292A1 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2010-11-25 | Solazyme, Inc. | Reduced Pigmentation Microalgae Strains and Products Therefrom |
US20110258915A1 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2011-10-27 | Stc.Unm | Method and Unit for Large-Scale Algal Biomass Production |
EP2370554B1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2019-05-15 | Corbion Biotech, Inc. | Manufacturing of tailored oils in recombinant heterotrophic microorganisms |
US8973283B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2015-03-10 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | System and method for solvent recovery in a batch fluidized bed process |
US8207363B2 (en) | 2009-03-19 | 2012-06-26 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Thraustochytrids, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
EP3622828B1 (en) | 2009-04-14 | 2022-11-16 | Corbion Biotech, Inc. | Novel microalgal food compositions |
WO2010128312A2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | Bioprotein As | Feed composition for the treatment or prevention of enteritis in fish |
CN102469815A (zh) | 2009-06-26 | 2012-05-23 | E·库尔斯 | 水溶性膳食脂肪酸 |
US20120177806A1 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2012-07-12 | Ocean Harvest Technology (Canada) Inc. | Natural and sustainable seaweed formula that replaces synthetic additives in fish feed |
CN107858297A (zh) * | 2009-12-28 | 2018-03-30 | Dsm Ip资产公司 | 在蔗糖上生长的重组破囊壶菌和其组合物、制备方法及用途 |
CA3028175C (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2022-05-24 | Sanofi Vaccine Technologies, S.A.S. | Methods of producing heterologous viral neuraminidase proteins in microalgae |
EP2519642B1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2017-10-25 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Recombinant thraustochytrids that grow on xylose, and compositions, methods of making, and uses thereof |
BR112012017831B8 (pt) | 2010-01-19 | 2021-05-25 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | óleo microbiano, alimento animal e biomassa compreendendo o referido óleo microbiano |
US20120213905A1 (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2012-08-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aquaculture feed compositions |
CN101999552B (zh) | 2010-12-08 | 2012-11-14 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | 大米草为原料的奶牛后备牛tmr发酵饲料及其制备方法 |
US20130045226A1 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2013-02-21 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for forming and extracting solid pellets comprising oil-containing microbes |
CA3026436A1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for obtaining a lipid-containing composition from microbial biomass |
KR20140007430A (ko) * | 2011-02-11 | 2014-01-17 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | 에이코사펜타엔산 농축물 |
ES2919933T3 (es) | 2011-03-18 | 2022-07-29 | Int Flavors & Fragrances Inc | Microcápsulas producidas a partir de precursores de sol-gel combinados y método de producción de las mismas |
MY169454A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2019-04-11 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | Eicosapentaenoic acid-producing microorganisms, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
CN102687810B (zh) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-09-04 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | 一种锯缘青蟹配合饲料及其制备方法 |
BR112014027768A2 (pt) | 2012-05-09 | 2017-06-27 | Evonik Industries Ag | aditivo de ração animal, contendo l-aminoácido, na forma de um granulado na base de caldo de fermentação e processo para produção |
WO2014045191A2 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-27 | Myko Tech Private Limited | Extracellular polysaccharides from labyrinthulomycetes with broad-spectrum antiviral activities |
CN103070293A (zh) | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-01 | 青岛琅琊台集团股份有限公司 | 从裂壶藻藻渣中提取生物蛋白质的方法 |
EP2762008A1 (de) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-06 | Evonik Industries AG | Verbesserung der Bioverfügbarkeit von Wertstoffen aus Mikroorganismen durch Verwendung eines Rotor-Stator Systems für den Zellaufschluss |
EP2826384A1 (de) | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | Evonik Industries AG | Verfahren zur Trocknung von Biomasse |
CN103385390B (zh) | 2013-08-02 | 2014-12-17 | 青岛七好营养科技有限公司 | 一种大菱鲆幼鱼人工颗粒饲料 |
BR112016002818A2 (pt) * | 2013-08-06 | 2017-08-01 | Prairie Aquatech | métodos de produção de concentrado de proteína não baseado em animais; concentrados de proteína; composições; e método de produção de um ácido graxo poli-insaturado |
AU2014323260A1 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2016-04-07 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Process for the production of granules having greatly improved properties from amino acid solutions and suspensions |
US20160249642A1 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2016-09-01 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for drying biomass |
DK2865275T3 (da) | 2013-10-24 | 2020-05-18 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Foderstofadditiv indeholdende L-aminosyre |
EP2932856B1 (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2017-08-23 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Process for fluidized bed granulation of amino acid-containing fermentation broths |
BR112017006833B1 (pt) | 2014-10-02 | 2022-09-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Alimento para animais contendo ácido graxo poli-insaturado e processo para produzir o mesmo |
DK180021B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2020-01-22 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Process for producing a PUFA-containing biomass which has high cell stability. |
BR112017006835A2 (pt) | 2014-10-02 | 2018-06-19 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | método para produzir uma biomassa granular que contém uma substância valiosa sensível à oxidação. |
ES2900848T3 (es) | 2014-10-02 | 2022-03-18 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Procedimiento para la producción de un pienso |
EP3371303A4 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2019-06-26 | Synthetic Genomics, Inc. | ALGAE MUTANTS WITH INCREASED LIPID PRODUCTIVITY |
-
2015
- 2015-09-22 DK DKPA201770210A patent/DK179981B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-09-22 DK DK15775405.2T patent/DK3200606T3/da active
- 2015-09-22 ES ES15775405T patent/ES2873094T3/es active Active
- 2015-09-22 CN CN201580053433.6A patent/CN106793803B/zh active Active
- 2015-09-22 CA CA2958460A patent/CA2958460C/en active Active
- 2015-09-22 EP EP15775405.2A patent/EP3200606B1/de active Active
- 2015-09-22 BR BR112017006834-6A patent/BR112017006834B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2015-09-22 US US15/516,044 patent/US10619175B2/en active Active
- 2015-09-22 WO PCT/EP2015/071707 patent/WO2016050559A1/de active Application Filing
-
2017
- 2017-03-29 CL CL2017000755A patent/CL2017000755A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0669809B1 (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 2003-06-04 | Omegatech, Inc. | Process for the heterotrophic production of microbial products with high concentrations of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids |
WO1998049904A2 (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1998-11-12 | Ewos Limited | Method for preparing high oil content fish feed pellets |
WO2014122092A1 (de) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verbesserung der bioverfügbarkeit von wertstoffen aus mikroorganismen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2958460C (en) | 2022-09-13 |
DK3200606T3 (da) | 2021-06-21 |
EP3200606A1 (de) | 2017-08-09 |
ES2873094T3 (es) | 2021-11-03 |
DK179981B1 (en) | 2019-11-29 |
US20170306365A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
DK201770210A1 (en) | 2017-04-10 |
US10619175B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
CL2017000755A1 (es) | 2017-12-29 |
CN106793803B (zh) | 2021-03-09 |
WO2016050559A1 (de) | 2016-04-07 |
BR112017006834B1 (pt) | 2022-04-26 |
BR112017006834A2 (pt) | 2018-06-19 |
CA2958460A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
EP3200606B1 (de) | 2021-03-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106793803A (zh) | 通过挤压含pufa的生物质来制备含pufa的饲料的方法 | |
CN106793798A (zh) | 具有高抗磨损性和高水稳定性的含pufa的饲料 | |
CN107075540A (zh) | 用于制备具有高细胞稳定性的含pufa生物质的方法 | |
US10531679B2 (en) | Method for drying biomass | |
CN106793799A (zh) | 用于养殖动物的方法 | |
US20160249642A1 (en) | Method for drying biomass | |
CN112955564A (zh) | 用于生产可被容易破碎并具有增加的多不饱和脂肪酸含量的生物质的方法 | |
CN112969796A (zh) | 用于生产具有增加的多不饱和脂肪酸含量的生物质的方法 | |
RU2779882C1 (ru) | Способ получения биомассы с повышенным содержанием полиненасыщенных жирных кислот | |
RU2776914C1 (ru) | Способ получения биомассы, которая может легко расщепляться и которая характеризуется повышенным содержанием полиненасыщенных жирных кислот |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Essen, Germany Applicant after: Evonik Operations Limited Address before: Essen, Germany Applicant before: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH |
|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |