CN106787669A - A kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type - Google Patents
A kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type Download PDFInfo
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- CN106787669A CN106787669A CN201510827957.8A CN201510827957A CN106787669A CN 106787669 A CN106787669 A CN 106787669A CN 201510827957 A CN201510827957 A CN 201510827957A CN 106787669 A CN106787669 A CN 106787669A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type, its composition includes：EMI circuits 1, the booster circuit 2 with rectifier bridge, sample circuit 3, digital control chip 4 and drive circuit 5.The input of EMI circuits 1 is alternating voltage, is exported as the input of the booster circuit 2 with rectifier bridge, the rectified input voltage V in the booster circuit of the sample strip rectifier bridge of sample circuit 3in, inductive current ILWith output voltage VoThree analog quantitys, sample circuit 3 samples three analog inputs obtaining in the analog-to-digital conversion module of digital control chip 4, the input of drive circuit 5 is the duty cycle signals PWM that PWM module sends in digital control chip, and output is connected to two gate poles of MOSFET in the booster circuit with rectifier bridge.Switching frequency is improved, reduces magnetic elements volume, improve inverter power density.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to implement PFC in Switching Power Supply, especially by digitlization active power factor school
Just (APFC) technology, realize single-phase power factor correcting under middle low power with it is high-power under three-phase activity coefficient adjustment.
Background technology
Implement PFC meaning in Switching Power Supply：Reduce harmonic content, advantageously reduce to other electrical equipments
Interference, the raising of power factor is also worried with the utilization rate for improving grid equipment and saving electric energy；After PFC measures, electricity
The permission input voltage range in source becomes big, can reach 90-265V (single-phase), adapts to the different line voltage in countries in the world,
Substantially increase reliability and the flexibility of Switching Power Supply；After taking PFC measures, due to the pressure stabilization function of pfc circuit, its output
Voltage is basicly stable, is conducive to the operating point of rear class DC/DC translation circuits to keep stabilizing and increasing control accuracy；Can carry
The security of grid equipment high, in three-phase four-line system, current in phase position of 3 subharmonic in center line causes center line electricity
Stream is very big, center line unprotect measure again, causes center line to be possible to cause fire because overcurrent is generated heat, and damages electrical equipment, adopts
After taking PFC measures, harmonic current components are reduced, reduce current in middle wire, the reliability of electric power system can be effectively improved；Can carry
The reliability of Switching Power Supply lamp power electronic equipment itself high, if not taking PFC measures, excessive spike electric current, sternly
The filter capacitor of DC side is endangered again, causes diode forward pressure drop to increase, cause power consumption to increase.
Exactly because these advantages, by the development of the past few decades, the analog control technique of PFC with
Power electronic product is more widely applied very ripe, but still having some limitations property.And digital pfc technology due to
The high integration of control, without device parameter shift the advantages of, and the distortion of analog signal, distortion can be prevented effectively from, reduce
The interference of spurious signal, has obtained extensive concern.In addition, for compared with PFC analog control systems, PFC numerical control systems are also
Have the advantages that control is flexible, portability is strong, be easy to debugging, conveniently realize networked control function.Therefore, by power factor
Alignment technique and digital control technology are combined, and realize digitized PFC control systems, have become the one of Power Electronic Technique
Individual important research direction.It is an effective hand for improving circuit of power factor correction systematic function using PFC digital control technologies
Section, and will finally realize the modularization of Switching Power Supply, integrated, intelligent and greenization.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type in sum, and technical scheme is such as
Under：
1. a kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type, its composition includes：EMI circuits 1, with whole
Flow booster circuit 2, sample circuit 3, digital control chip 4 and the drive circuit 5 of bridge.The input of EMI circuits 1 is alternating voltage, defeated
Go out the input as the booster circuit 2 with rectifier bridge, the rectification input electricity in the booster circuit of the sample strip rectifier bridge of sample circuit 3
Pressure Vin, inductive current ILWith output voltage VoThree analog quantitys, three analog inputs that the sampling of sample circuit 3 is obtained to numeral
In the analog-to-digital conversion module of control chip 4, the input of drive circuit 5 is the dutycycle that PWM module sends in digital control chip
Signal PWM, output is connected to two grids of MOSFET in the booster circuit with rectifier bridge.
2.EMI circuits 1 include common mode inductance CM, differential mode filter capacitor C1 and C2, common mode filtering electric capacity C3 and C4, exchange city
Electricity is input into from input, by being exported from output end after electromagnetic interface filter.Differential mode filter capacitor C1 is connected in parallel on input, afterwards altogether
Two Same Name of Ends of mould inductance CM are connected on two ports of input, and differential mode filter capacitor C2 is connected in parallel on common mode inductance CM
Output two ends；The two ends of C2 are connected across after common mode filtering electric capacity C3 and C4 series connection again, after C2, and C3 and C4 are gone here and there
The ungrounded end of the neutral earthing of connection, C3 and C4 as EMI circuits 1 output end.
3. booster circuit (2) with rectifier bridge constitutes uncontrollable rectifier bridge including tetra- diodes of D1~D4；L is liter piezoelectricity
Sense, core material is ferrite, S1And S2Used in parallel using two MOSFET of same model as switching tube, D is SiC bis-
Pole pipe, CinIt is nonpolarity ceramic condenser, for filtering the high frequency ripple of input current, CoutIt is electrochemical capacitor, for maintaining output
Voltage is constant；RsIt is cement resistor, for detecting inductive current, RlIt is high power load resistance, the output of EMI circuits is from conduct
The input of the circuit, D1~D4 composition rectifier bridges：The D1 and D3 series connection and anode of D1 is connected with the negative electrode of D3, D2 and D4 connect and
The anode of D2 is connected with the negative electrode of D4, and in parallel again after series connection, the anode of D1 is connected with the negative electrode of D4, is rectification bridge output end
Positive pole；D3 is connected with the anode of D4, and used as the negative pole of rectification bridge output end, input is connected to the ac input end in rectifier bridge
On son, i.e., the negative electrode of the anode of D1 and D4 in figure；Input capacitance C followed by parallel after rectifier bridgein, CinTwo ends are connected on respectively
Between the positive and negative electrode of rectifier bridge output, CinIt is afterwards a typical boost circuit structure, circuit is by an inductance L, two poles
Pipe D and two MOSFET (S1 and S2) compositions：One end of inductance L is connected to the output head anode of rectifier bridge, the other end and two poles
The anode of pipe D, the drain electrode of two MOSFET (S1 and S2) are connected, negative electrode and the output electrochemical capacitor C of diodeoutPositive pole phase
Even, the source electrode of two MOSFET (S1 and S2) is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor, high power load resistance RlIt is connected in parallel on output electricity
Hold CoutAfterwards；Resistance RsUsed as the sampling resistor of inductive current, in circuit, one terminates C for series connectioninIt is connected with rectifier bridge negative terminal
Point, the source electrode of another termination S1.
4. the digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Sample circuit 3 includes Chip-R R1~R4, ROHS C1 and C2, operational amplifier, positive supply Vcc and negative supply Vee, band
R in the booster circuit of rectifier bridgesIt is connected on CinWith the point of contact of rectifier bridge negative terminal as the circuit input, the termination inputs of R1 mono-,
The inverting input of another termination operational amplifier, the reverse input end of a termination operational amplifier after R2 and R3 series connection, separately
The output end of one termination operational amplifier, R4 mono- terminates the positive input of operational amplifier, other end ground connection, the termination fortune of C1 mono-
The positive voltage input of amplifier is calculated, other end ground connection, C2 mono- terminates the negative voltage input of operational amplifier, another termination
Ground, positive supply Vcc connects the positive voltage input of operational amplifier, and negative supply Vee connects the negative voltage input of operational amplifier；Fortune
The output end of amplifier is calculated as the output of circuit.
5. the digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Drive circuit 5 includes driving chip IR4427S, electrochemical capacitor C1, ceramic disc capacitor C2 and 15V positive supply Vcc, digital control chip
The duty cycle signals PWM_DSP that sends of PWM module as the input of circuit, be connected to INA and the INB pipe of chip I R4427S
Pin, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 connects the VCC pins of chip, negative pole ground connection, the positive pole of a termination C1 of ceramic condenser C2, the other end
The negative pole of C1 is connect, 15V power Vccs connect the VCC pins of chip, and the signal that the OUTA and OUTB pins of chip send is connected respectively to
The grid of two MOSFET (S1 and S2) in the booster circuit with rectifier bridge.
The present invention has following positive role：
1. PFC (PFC) technology is the essential part of Switching Power Supply, is important in Power Electronic Technique
Application field, digital control technology is combined with power factor correction technology can overcome solid present in analog control technique
It is defective, have the advantages that cost performance is high, component number is few, control algolithm is flexible, the construction cycle is short.
2. the APFC of single-phase step-up formula continuous current mode be applied to output voltage more than input voltage,
And power output occasion not high.The major advantage of the boost PFC of continuous mode has：
1) output voltage is more than input voltage peak value, and when input ac voltage is in 85-265V, output voltage can be maintained
Direct current 400V or so；
2) because the presence of input inductance, reduces the requirement to input filter design, high-frequency noise is reduced, and
It is prevented from the high frequency transient impact that power network brings；
3) be not in the situation of suspended voltage because the source potential of switching tube is zero, thus beneficial to design switching tube
Drive circuit；
4) voltage that switching device bears not more than output voltage values, switching device stress is small；
5) simple structure, it is easy to accomplish, low cost.
3. the switching frequency of PFC (PFC) converter is improved, the volume of magnetic elements can be reduced, including
Common mode inductance in boost inductance and EMI circuits, improves the power density of converter, makes converter towards modularization, small-sized
Change general orientation development.
4. CoolMOS and SiC diode applications can be greatly improved into conversion in PFC (PFC) circuit
The efficiency of device, increases the life-span of converter, beneficial to the business promotion of converter.
5. interleaved parallel PFC circuit refer to by two or two with the pfc circuit that composes in parallel of basic transformation device unit,
The switching tube of each converter interlocks conducting, i.e., moment delayed certain hour successively is opened in switch periods, so that often
The electric current flowed through in individual converter is also presented interleaved state, and the advantage of this method can be to reduce input current ripple and output
The virtual value of electric capacity ripple current, and lift the power grade of circuit.So comparing traditional single phase Boost circuit, it is more applicable
In higher-wattage occasion.
6. for low capacity system, typically using single-phase APFC technologies, for middle high-power system, typically using three-phase
APFC technologies, three-phase APFC is more complicated due to its circuit structure, working mechanism and control, at present still in developing stage.
Compared with single-phase APFC technologies, the advantage of three-phase APFC is：
1) output power, power is up to more than kilowatt rank；
2) in power frequency period, firm power is obtained from electric power system, output filter capacitor can be reduced；
3) in the absence of single-phase input (having center line) circuit have because in center line 3 subharmonic currents it is excessive burn center line
It is dangerous；
4) main circuit is powered (typical case is without neutral system) by three-phase three-wire system, the Zero-pharse harmonic electricity again for several times without 3 times and 3
Stream.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter system block diagram of boost types of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 EMI circuit structures.
Booster circuits of the Fig. 3 with rectifier bridge.
Fig. 4 inductive current amplifying circuits.
Fig. 5 drive circuits.
In figure：EMI circuits 1, the booster circuit 2 with rectifier bridge, sample circuit 3, digital control chip 4 and drive circuit 5.
Specific embodiment
1.EMI circuits
The basic circuit of electromagnetic interface filter as shown in Fig. 2 be plain type single-section filter, circuit include common mode inductance CM,
Differential mode filter capacitor C1 and C2, common mode filtering electric capacity C3 and C4.
Function：EMI signal belongs to two-way interference signal, and one side external interference can set from electric power incoming line into electronics
It is standby；Another aspect electronic equipment can produce interference signal and be conducted by power line；This just illustrates that electronic equipment is undergoing
It is again a noise source while noise jamming.So electromagnetic interface filter is also necessarily designed to two-way, the outer of introducing should be filtered
Portion's electromagnetic interference, will also can also prevent equipment from sending interference signal to outside in itself.From in terms of formation feature, interference signal is divided into difference
Mould is disturbed and two kinds of common mode disturbances.DM EMI is the interference signal of (abbreviation Line To Line) between two power lines, it and ground wire
It is unrelated；Common mode disturbances may be considered and not upload that defeated current potential is equal, phase identical (abbreviation line is over the ground) interference letter not collinear
Number.Therefore electromagnetic interface filter needs to be separately designed for both interference signals.
Common mode inductance CM only works to common mode interference signal in circuit, because the flow direction of two coils is identical, warp
Inductance value increases rapidly after coupling, and the induction reactance to common-mode signal is very big, hinders passing through for common mode interference signal.The value of inductance
Rated current with electromagnetic interface filter is relevant, and electric current is bigger, and common mode inductance value is also required to greatly.Additionally, suitably increase inductance value,
Can also play a part of to improve low cut characteristic.
C1 and C2 use thin-film capacitor, the input of common mode inductance is connected in parallel on respectively, goes out end, are mainly used to filter DM EMI
Signal；C3 and C4 is ceramic condenser, is connected in parallel on output end after two capacitances in series, middle ground, so can effective suppression common mode
Interference signal.
2. the booster circuit with rectifier bridge
Fig. 3 is the boost circuit structure figure with rectifier bridge, and the composition of circuit is：Tetra- diodes compositions of D1~D4 are not controlled whole
Stream bridge；L is boost inductance, and core material is ferrite；S1 and S2 use two MOSFET of same model as switching tube, and
Connection is used；D is SiC diodes；CinIt is nonpolarity ceramic condenser, for filtering the high frequency ripple of input current；CoutIt is electrolysis electricity
Hold, for maintaining output voltage constant；RsIt is cement resistor, for detecting inductive current；RlIt is high power load resistance.
The function of circuit realiration has two：(1) control inductive current, make input current sineization, input current fundamental wave with
With input voltage phase, power factor is close to 1；(2) controlled output voltage, makes output voltage constant in 400V.In continuous mode
Two control rings of Shi Caiyong, Voltage loop is outer shroud, and sampling and outputting voltage keeps output voltage constant；Electric current loop is inner ring, sampling
Inductive current, forces the given presentation sinusoidal of inductive current follow current.
The realization principle of function 1：The output of EMI circuits is rectified into directly as the input of the circuit by uncontrollable rectifier bridge
Stream voltage, then by by L, D, S1, S2 and CoutThe booster circuit of composition realizes the purpose of output 400V DC voltages.Rise piezoelectricity
There are two kinds of working conditions on road：MOSFET turn-on and turn-off.
State a：Two MOSFET conductings, diode D can not be turned on because bearing back-pressure, and circuit is divided into two independences and returns
Road：Input power UdA loop is constituted for inductance L charges；Output capacitor CoutThrough loading RlPrimary Ioops are constituted, for load is supplied
Energy.Assuming that switch conduction times are TON, in TONInductive current linearly rises to peak value i since 0 in timeLPK, it is represented by：
State b：Switch S disconnects, diode D conductings, because inductive current can not be mutated, can only be by original peak value iLPK
Linear decline.Polarity of voltage reversion on inductance, the magnetic energy of inductance is discharged, superimposed with input voltage, and load electricity is given together
Resistance RlEnergy is provided, while giving electric capacity CoutReplenish the electric charge that energy loss is provided in state a to load.Assuming that switch closure
Time be TOFF, it is represented by：
Thus achieve output voltage UoMore than input voltage UdFunction, select suitable inductance value L and MOSFET to account for
Empty ratio ensures that output voltage reaches 400V, and output voltage stabilization is capable of achieving in 400V by the control of outer voltage.Electricity
Inductance value is determined by following formula：
In formula, Vin_min_pkIt is the peak value of input voltage minimum, DmaxIt is maximum duty cycle, k is ripple factor, Iin_pkFor
Input current peak value, fsIt is switching frequency.
After obtaining inductance value, magnetic core is selected according to AP methods：
In formula, j is current density, kwIt is magnetic core window coefficient.
Core material and size are selected according to AP values, meets claimed below：
1) number of turn of winding is determined for the magnetic core and skeleton selected；
2) core loss and coiling copper loss are estimated, it is ensured that the temperature rise that total-power loss is caused is in design objective.
Being commonly used for the magnetic material of PFC inductance has ferrite, non-crystalline material and metal magnetic powder core etc..Ferrite and other magnetic
Material ratio is compared, although saturation induction density is relatively low (＜ 0.5T), easy saturation, but high-frequency loss is small.And during high frequency, due to damaging
The consumption limitation magnetic induction amplitude of oscillation, work magnetic induction intensity is much smaller than saturation induction.Thus the low shortcoming of saturation induction density shows
Obtain inessential.There is the advantage more than cheap, magnetic core species specification simultaneously.Therefore selection ferrite is used as core material.
Because the working frequency of switching tube is very high, the frequency of inductive current is consistent with switching frequency, up to tens of kilohertzs
Hereby, and high frequency ripple current can cause switching noise, in order to eliminate switching noise, it is necessary in input shunt capacitance Cin, it is used to
Filter high frequency ripple current；Its capacity need not be too big, and value crosses the skew that conference causes input voltage, to input
EMI filtering is impacted；But if value is too small, the effect of filtering may not be had again, its computing formula is：
In formula, Iin_rmsIt is input current virtual value, Vin_min_pkIt is input voltage lowest effective value.
It is a stable DC voltage of 400V that the output end of circuit is desired, but is had in actual conditions certain
Ripple quantity, ripple voltage size should be limited in certain scope, can otherwise influence the work of load.By in output end simultaneously
Connection electric capacity, can filter high-frequency switching currents ripple, reduce output ripple voltage, obtain galvanic current pressure.
The size of output capacitance is by output voltage VO, output voltage retention time tHOLD, allow ripple voltage Δ Vo and electricity
The power output P on roadoTogether decide on；The output voltage retention time refers to the electricity after importation of electric power loop is stopped power supply
Hold the time that output voltage keeps load normal work, representative value is 0.02-0.05s.The computing formula of output capacitance is：
The realization principle of function 2：Sampling major loop output voltage VoANA1 to digital processing chip ADC is deposited
Device, and by itself and reference voltage UorefIt is compared generation error signal Uerr, voltage error amplifier is given error signal,
The output voltage signal U of voltage error amplifierPIAs the input all the way of multiplier, for stablizing rear end output voltage；Sampling
Front end rectified input voltage VinTo ANB0 registers and multiplier is delivered to, as the waveform reference of current signal, for protecting
Demonstrate,prove the sine of input current；The 3rd tunnel input of multiplier is then the inverse of supply voltage virtual value square, and its addition is
In order to realize the feed forward function of input voltage, to meet the requirement that wide-range voltage is powered, so as to reach the mesh of power limitation control
's.That is reference current expression formula is：
In formula, k is correction coefficient, VPIIt is the output of outer voltage, Vin_adIt is the sampled value of rectified input voltage, Vff 2For
The average value of rectified input voltage square.
The reference current value that above formula is represented is compared with the rectification input electric cur- rent measure value of sampling to ANA0 registers
Afterwards, feeding current error amplifier is processed, and its result then is delivered into PWM comparators, to produce controlling switch pipe break-make
Control pulse, so as to realize the effect of PFC.
In numerical control system, often using digital P I regulator, wherein P represents proportional component, and I represents integration ring
Section, pi regulator is proportional and integral controller, and pi regulator is a kind of linear controller commonly used in control system, its effect
It is that departure is controlled, makes system steady operation, improves steady-state behaviour.And the simple structure of pi regulator, to it
Research is highly developed, is widely used.Voltage loop and electric current loop have used pi regulator in the design.Digital pi regulator
Expression formula is as follows：
In formula, U (k) is the output valve of kth time sampling instant pi regulator, and e (k) is the inclined of kth time sampling instant input
Difference, T is sampling period, KPIt is proportionality coefficient, KiIt is integral coefficient.
Function 2 realizes that digital control chip uses Freescale by digital control chip (block diagram 4)
MC56F8257, it is a cost performance digital signal processor (DSP) higher that Freescale company releases, and it is based on increasing
Strong type kernel 56800E series, using double Harvard design structures, internal bus clock is up to 60MHz, can in the single instruction cycle
To complete the multiplication of 16 × 16.Piece is contained within the unified data/program RAM areas of Flash and 4KB of 16KB.MC56F8257 is not
Only powerful kernel, also possesses the peripheral hardware resource of very abundant.It is hard that exactly because many numerical control systems are commonly used
Part resource is integrated into chip, just substantially reduces the area of control panel, it is only necessary to increase a small amount of peripheral circuit, it is possible to
Complete the hardware design of control system.Therefore it is widely used in motor driving, Technics of Power Electronic Conversion, communication exploitation, consumer electronics
Deng field.Using to peripheral hardware resource have：Pulse width modulation module (PWM)；Analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) module；General purpose I/O (GPIO)
Module.Its function is as follows：
1st, analog-to-digital conversion passage (ADC)：Passage ANA0 sampling and outputting voltages；Passage ANA1 sampling inductive currents, were used for
Stream protection；Passage ANB0 sampling rectified input voltages.
2nd, PWM passages：PWM0 is used to MOSFET driving control signal.
3rd, universal input/outlet：GPIOB6 program debuggings
4th, JTAG communications：TDI, TDO, TCK, TMS are used for JTAG simulation communication interfaces.
Using Freescale chip, another advantage is good software development environment, the complete series MCU of Freescale
Program, compiling, debugging can be write using CodeWarrior IDE with DSP, and by USBTAB downloaders, using above-mentioned
Emulation interface circuit by download program to chip.And, CodeWarrior IDE support C language programming, beneficial to program
Write.
DSP control programs are made up of main program and interrupt routine, and an interrupt routine has only been used in the design of this example, so not
The reliability of the nesting of interruption, program can be produced therefore to improve.System initialization and initialization of variable must start in main program
Loaded before, main program in the process of running if run into interrupt just pause current operation, held into interruption subroutine
Line command, interrupt routine returns to main program and continues to run with after having performed.The soft start of the main completion system of main program, excessively stream are protected
Shield.Interrupt service subroutine is substantially carried out following work：Complete to change the sampling of system control amount with A/D, electric current loop ginseng
The calculating of value and feed-forward voltage is examined, so as to be controlled to Voltage loop and electric current loop, the work of PFC is completed.
The topology for analyzing boost PFC circuit understands, when circuit just starts, is flowed through wherein if switching tube is turned at once
Electric current can be very big, can directly burn switching tube.Analyze its reason：The busbar voltage of PFC is far below input electricity when just starting
Pressure, if at this time still turned on normal Duty ratio control switching tube, can rise inductive current too big.In order to protect
The safety of PFC, prevents circuit overcurrent damage, it is necessary to add soft start when PFC starts.Soft start herein is by such as lower section
Method is realized：One higher limit N=1000 of setting, N is linearly increasing since 0 before soft start terminates, the switching tube for calculating
ON time is multiplied by (N/1000), and the ON time of switching tube will become big from small so during soft start, be opened to soft
Still acted on normal ON time after dynamic end.
3. sample circuit
It is made up of input voltage sample circuit, output voltage sampling circuit and inductive current sample circuit, mainly introduces it
In inductive current sample circuit, as shown in Figure 4.
Composition：Chip-R R1~R4, ROHS C1 and C2, operational amplifier, positive supply Vcc and negative supply Vee.
Function：Fig. 4 is the amplifying circuit of inductive current in sample circuit, flows through cement resistor RsElectric current produced on resistance
Raw negative voltage, can obtain reverse value of magnification and export to digital control from input input by the reverse amplification circuit of Fig. 4
The analog-to-digital conversion module of chip.Sign-changing amplifier is a profound and negative feedbck circuit for operational amplifier composition, and input signal adds
In the inverting input of operational amplifier, and feedback resistance R2 and R3 terminates to reverse input end by exporting.Put by ideal op
The analysis method of big device understands：
Resistance R4 is accessed to reduce the imbalance of operational amplifier, and its value is：
R4=R1//R2//R3 (10)
For operational amplifier, this technical indicator of switching rate is extremely important when big signal is processed, and herein
The inductive current sample circuit treatment of design is exactly big signal, it is therefore necessary to select suitable operational amplifier to meet conversion
The requirement of speed.The maximum undistorted working frequency limited by operational amplifier switching rate is：
In formula, fmaxIt is maximum operation frequency, SRIt is switching rate, VomIt is the crest voltage of process signal.
For power inverter, inductive current is influenceed by high frequency switching noise, and high frequency occurs on switching node
Vibrate and continue relatively significant a period of time, at the same time, the sampling of control chip and A/D conversion speeds be all it is limited,
That is the sampling retention time is relatively long, and this results in any switch oscillating may all influence the stability of system, therefore in sampling
When, preferably make sampled point away from switching point, so that the influence that will likely occur is minimized.
Therefore, rational sampling algorithm is extremely important in whole digital pfc control system, and it largely influences
The control characteristic of system.The distortion situation for how being effectively improved sampled signal is to determine the pass of digital pfc control system performance
One of key factor.Herein, using PWM module and the hardware synchronization characteristic of A/D sampling modules, in the conducting of each pwm signal
The midpoint triggering A/D converter of time carries out the sampling of inductive current, thus farthest ensure that sampled point from opening
The interference of noise is closed, the effect of strengthening system stability is served.MC56F8257 built-in chip types PWM module and A/D sampling moulds
Synchronizing function between block, only need to carry out simple operations and be capable of achieving to the control bit of corresponding registers.
4. drive circuit
Operation principle：Drive circuit uses integrated drive chips IR4427S, and it is that a binary channels input and binary channels are defeated
Go out low side high-speed MOSFET driver chip, input while compatible Transistor-Transistor Logic level and CMOS level grades, can provide maximum 1.5A defeated
Go out electric current.External power source Vcc provides the voltage of 15V as driving voltage.Electrochemical capacitor C1 between power supply and ground, is mainly used to steady
Determine power supply, because MOSFET higher to driving voltage requirement, need to provide a direct current for stabilization when MOSFET works
Voltage, otherwise when voltage pulsation is larger, can cause its false triggering.Additionally a capacitance need to be again connect and ground between at Vcc mouthfuls
Less ceramic condenser, the effect of the electric capacity is to filter the high frequency ripple in driving voltage.
Digital control chip PWM module output PWM square waves (PWM_DSP) and meanwhile be input to driving chip INA and
Two pins of INB, are exported after amplifying through driving chip inside by two pins of OUTA and OUTB, are respectively intended to controlling switch pipe S1
And S2.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type, its composition includes：EMI circuits (1), band rectification
The booster circuit (2) of bridge, sample circuit (3), digital control chip (4) and drive circuit (5), it is characterised in that：EMI circuits
(1) input is alternating voltage, is exported as the input of the booster circuit (2) with rectifier bridge, sample circuit (3) sample strip rectifier bridge
Booster circuit in rectified input voltage Vin, inductive current ILWith output voltage VoThree analog quantitys, sample circuit (3) sampling
To in the analog-to-digital conversion module of digital control chip (4), the input of drive circuit (5) is numeral to three analog inputs for obtaining
The duty cycle signals PWM that PWM module sends in control chip, output is connected to two in the booster circuit with rectifier bridge
The gate pole of MOSFET.
2. the digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：EMI
Circuit (1) includes common mode inductance CM, differential mode filter capacitor C1 and C2, common mode filtering electric capacity C3 and C4, and electric main is from input
Input, by being exported from output end after electromagnetic interface filter, differential mode filter capacitor C1 is connected in parallel on input, afterwards common mode inductance CM
Two Same Name of Ends are connected on two ports of input, and differential mode filter capacitor C2 is connected in parallel on the output two of common mode inductance CM
End；The two ends of C2 are connected across after common mode filtering electric capacity C3 and C4 series connection again, after C2, and the midpoint that C3 and C4 is connected
Ground connection, the ungrounded end of C3 and C4 as EMI circuits (1) output end.
3. the digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：With whole
The booster circuit (2) of bridge is flowed including D1~D4Four diodes constitute uncontrollable rectifier bridge；L is boost inductance, and core material is iron oxygen
Body, S1And S2Used in parallel using two MOSFET of same model as switching tube, D is SiC diodes, CinFor nonpolarity
Ceramic condenser, for filtering the high frequency ripple of input current；CoutIt is electrochemical capacitor, for maintaining output voltage constant；RsIt is water
Mud resistance, for detecting inductive current, R1It is high power load resistance, the output of EMI circuits is from the input as the circuit, D1
~D4 constitutes rectifier bridge：D1 and D3 connects and the anode of D1 is connected with the negative electrode of D3, and the anode of D2 and D4 series connection and D2 is with D4's
Negative electrode is connected, and in parallel again after series connection, the anode of D1 is connected with the negative electrode of D4, is the positive pole of rectification bridge output end；D3's and D4
Anode is connected, and used as the negative pole of rectification bridge output end, input is connected on the AC input terminal of rectifier bridge, i.e. D1 in figure
Anode and D4 negative electrode；Input capacitance C followed by parallel after rectifier bridgein, CinTwo ends are connected on rectifier bridge output respectively
Between positive and negative electrode, CinIt is afterwards a typical boost circuit structure, circuit is by an inductance L, a diode D and two
MOSFET (S1 and S2) is constituted：One end of inductance L is connected to the output head anode of rectifier bridge, the anode of the other end and diode D,
The drain electrode of two MOSFET (S1 and S2) is connected, negative electrode and the output electrochemical capacitor C of diodeoutPositive pole be connected, two
The source electrode of MOSFET (S1 and S2) is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor, high power load resistance R1It is connected in parallel on output capacitance CoutIt
Afterwards；Resistance Rs connects in circuit as the sampling resistor of inductive current, and one terminates Cin and rectifier bridge negative terminal tie point, another
Terminate the source electrode of S1.
4. the digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Sampling
Circuit (3) includes Chip-R R1~R4, ROHS C1 and C2, operational amplifier, positive supply Vcc and negative supply Vee, with whole
Flow R in the booster circuit of bridgesThe point of contact of Cin and rectifier bridge negative terminal is connected on as the input of the circuit, the termination inputs of R1 mono-, separately
The inverting input of one termination operational amplifier, the reverse input end of a termination operational amplifier, another after R2 and R3 series connection
The output end of operational amplifier is terminated, R4 mono- terminates the positive input of operational amplifier, other end ground connection, the termination computings of C1 mono-
The positive voltage input of amplifier, other end ground connection, C2 mono- terminates the negative voltage input of operational amplifier, and the other end is grounded,
Positive supply Vcc connects the positive voltage input of operational amplifier, and negative supply Vee connects the negative voltage input of operational amplifier；Computing
The output end of amplifier as circuit output.
5. the digital control Active Power Factor Correction Converter of boost type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Drive
Circuit (5) includes driving chip IR4427S, electrochemical capacitor C1, ceramic disc capacitor C2 and 15V positive supply Vcc, digital control chip
The duty cycle signals PWM_DSP that PWM module sends is connected to INA the and INB pins of chip I R4427S as the input of circuit,
The positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 connects the VCC pins of chip, negative pole ground connection, the positive pole of a termination C1 of ceramic condenser C2, another termination
The negative pole of C1,15V power Vccs connect the VCC pins of chip, and the signal that the OUTA and OUTB pins of chip send is connected respectively to band
The grid S1 and S2 of two MOSFET in the booster circuit of rectifier bridge.
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| CN109272731A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-25 | 成都世纪光合作用科技有限公司 | A kind of gateway and LAN system |
| CN109698542A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-30 | 深圳市南瑞华腾新能源有限公司 | A kind of Vehicular charger merging DC-DC module |
| CN110933815A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | LED driving power supply and digital control method thereof |
| CN112019037A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-12-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | PFC circuit start control method, device, equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN113904593A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-07 | 中国空空导弹研究院 | PWM motor driving system capable of inhibiting EMI |
| CN115995954A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-04-21 | 广东汇芯半导体有限公司 | PFC intelligent module |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |