CN106787095B - Household multi-gear solar charger circuit - Google Patents
Household multi-gear solar charger circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106787095B CN106787095B CN201611112800.8A CN201611112800A CN106787095B CN 106787095 B CN106787095 B CN 106787095B CN 201611112800 A CN201611112800 A CN 201611112800A CN 106787095 B CN106787095 B CN 106787095B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- solar
- solar panel
- negative electrode
- resistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
-
- H02J7/0003—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A household multi-gear solar charger circuit comprises a solar panel, a storage battery, a charging control and regulation circuit, a charging protection circuit and a current reverse protection circuit; the positive electrode of the storage battery is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel through a current reverse protection circuit, and the negative electrode of the storage battery is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel; one end of the charging control and regulation circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel, and the other end of the charging control and regulation circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel; one end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel, and the other end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel. The circuit utilizes the solar cell panel to singly supply energy or to supply energy in series, and different output voltages can be selected through the toggle switch so as to realize the charging of different storage batteries; the circuit also comprises a sensor module, a microprocessor module and a motor control module, so that the solar panel rotates along with illumination, and automatic control is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a charger circuit, in particular to a household multi-gear solar charger circuit.
Background
Most of the solar chargers currently in the market have the following disadvantages:
1. the function is single. Most solar chargers can only supply power to a certain voltage, such as 5V, and have poor functions.
2. The cost is high.
3. The circuit structure is complex.
4. Lack of automation control.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the household multi-gear solar charger circuit, the defects of the existing circuit are improved on the basis of researching the working principle of each charger, the solar cell panel is utilized for single energy supply or serial energy supply, different output voltages can be selected through the toggle switch to realize the charging of different charging objects (such as mobile phones, electric vehicles and other storage batteries) in actual conditions and the like, so that the charging of different storage batteries is realized, and the defects of the prior art are overcome.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a household multi-gear solar charger circuit comprises a solar panel, a storage battery, a charging control and regulation circuit, a charging protection circuit and a current reverse prevention protection circuit;
the positive electrode of the storage battery is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel through a current reverse protection circuit, and the negative electrode of the storage battery is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel;
one end of the charging control and regulation circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel, and the other end of the charging control and regulation circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel;
one end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel, and the other end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the circuit also comprises a sensor module, a microprocessor module and a motor control module;
the storage battery is respectively connected with the sensor module, the microprocessor module and the motor control module and is used for providing power for each module;
the sensor module is connected with the microprocessor module, and is used for collecting the direct solar light intensity of the environment and the voltage output of the solar panel in real time and transmitting the direct solar light intensity and the voltage output of the solar panel to the microprocessor module;
the motor control module is connected with the microprocessor module, is controlled by a control signal sent by the microprocessor module, and drives the solar panel to rotate along with illumination through a motor;
the microprocessor module is used for receiving and processing the signals transmitted by the sensor module, judging whether the solar panel has direct solar radiation at the moment according to the processing result, and transmitting control signals to the motor control module.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the number of the solar panels is two, namely a solar panel SC1 and a solar panel SC2; the solar panel SC1 is connected with the solar panel SC2 through a single-pole double-throw switch; the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC1, one fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel SC2, and the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC2; the positive electrode of the storage battery is connected with a power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit, and the negative electrode of the storage battery is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1; the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 is grounded.
The charging control and regulation circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a potentiometer R4, a capacitor C2 and a parallel integrated circuit, wherein one end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 in series through the resistor R1, and the other end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the reference end of the parallel integrated circuit; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 and then connected with the reference end of the parallel integrated circuit, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and then connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1; the negative electrode of the parallel integrated circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 through a resistor R3, and the positive electrode of the parallel integrated circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1.
The charging protection circuit comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a PNP triode and a knob switch, wherein a movable contact of the knob switch is connected with a collector of the PNP triode, a first static contact of the knob switch is connected with the resistor R5 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC1, a second static contact of the knob switch is connected with the resistor R6 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC1, and a third static contact of the knob switch is connected with the resistor R7 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC 1; and the emitter of the PNP triode is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the base of the PNP triode is connected with the cathode of the parallel integrated circuit.
The protection circuit for preventing the current from reversing adopts a voltage stabilizing diode, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit.
And the two ends of the solar cell panel are also connected with a capacitor C1 in parallel.
The open circuit voltage of each solar panel was 18V and the maximum short circuit current was 500mA.
The parallel integrated circuit adopts an integrated circuit of a TL431AC chip; the PNP triode adopts a transistor of TIP30B model; the voltage stabilizing diode adopts a 1N5818 Schottky diode.
A heat sink is mounted on the charge protection circuit.
By adopting the technical scheme, the household multi-gear solar charger circuit has the following beneficial effects:
1. the circuit can meet the charging requirements of the storage batteries of the mobile phones, the electric vehicles and the like at present;
the invention relates to a household multi-gear solar charger circuit, which comprises two solar panels S, namely a solar panel SC1 and a solar panel SC2; the movable end 1 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC1, the fixed end 3 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel SC2, and the other fixed end 2 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC2; according to the invention, two solar panels are utilized to select single energy supply or series energy supply through the single-pole double-throw switch SW1, and different output voltages can be selected by stirring the single-pole double-throw switch SW1, so that the charging of different charging objects (such as storage batteries of mobile phones, electric vehicles and the like) in actual conditions and the like is realized, and the multi-purpose is realized. The invention can realize the charging of storage batteries of 5V, 12V and 24V at present.
2. The circuit of the invention has the characteristics of less elements, low cost, higher efficiency, safety, reliability, simple maintenance and high cost performance; and have the overcharge protection that charges, effectively prolong and wait to charge battery life-span, safe in utilization specifically has:
(1) The circuit provided by the invention can be used for selecting different resistors for protecting the circuit by manually rotating the knob switch SW2, and can be used for ensuring the effective charging and protecting of the storage battery when the storage batteries with different capacities are charged.
(2) The invention is added with the charge control and adjustment circuit, and can adjust the resistance value of the potentiometer R4 to adjust the full-charge voltage value of the storage battery, so that the circuit has wider application.
(3) The charging protection circuit and the current reverse protection circuit (the voltage stabilizing diode D) in the circuit prevent reverse current from flowing into the voltage stabilizing circuit at night, and have protection effect.
(4) And the radiating fins are properly arranged on the charging protection circuit B, so that heat dissipation can be accelerated when the current generates excessive heat, and the circuit is protected.
3. The circuit also comprises a sensor module, a microprocessor module and a motor control module, wherein the sensor module (light intensity and voltage sensor) is used for collecting the direct light intensity of the environment and the voltage signal output by the solar cell panel in real time and transmitting the direct light intensity and the voltage signal to the microprocessor module, the microprocessor module judges whether the solar cell panel has direct sunlight at the moment or not, and controls the motor control module circuit according to the direct light intensity and the voltage signal, and the motor control module is controlled to drive the motor to rotate the solar cell panel arranged on the motor along with illumination, so that the effect of continuously obtaining the illumination is achieved, the working time of the solar charger is ensured to a greater extent, and the automatic control is realized.
4. The circuit of the invention does not consume fuel, and is low-carbon and environment-friendly: the solar energy serving as a renewable resource has the characteristics of inexhaustible use, cleanness, safety and the like, and the solar charger serving as a future charger has a wide application prospect.
The technical features of a household multi-gear solar charger circuit according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1: a schematic diagram of a household multi-gear solar charger circuit according to an embodiment;
fig. 2: a functional block diagram of a household multi-gear solar charger circuit;
fig. 3: a schematic diagram of a light intensity sensor circuit according to a second embodiment;
fig. 4: a schematic diagram of a voltage sensor circuit according to a second embodiment;
fig. 5: a microprocessor module circuit schematic diagram and a motor control module circuit schematic diagram of the second embodiment;
fig. 6: the micro-processing module controls the flow chart.
In the figure:
the device comprises an A-charge control and regulation circuit, a B-charge protection circuit, a BT-storage battery, an S-solar panel, an E-micro processing module, an F-motor control module, a G-sensor module, a U-parallel voltage stabilizing integrated circuit, a Q-PNP type triode and an H-current reverse prevention protection circuit; SW 1-single pole double throw switch, knob switch SW2, movable end of 1-single pole double throw switch, fixed end of 2, 3-single pole double throw switch, movable contact of 4-knob switch, first stationary contact of 5-knob switch, second stationary contact of 6-knob switch, third stationary contact of 7-knob switch.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1, a household multi-gear solar charger circuit comprises a solar panel S, a storage battery BT, a charge control and regulation circuit a, a charge protection circuit B and a current reverse prevention protection circuit H;
the number of the solar panels S is two, namely a solar panel SC1 and a solar panel SC2; the open circuit voltage of each solar panel is 18V, and the maximum value of short circuit current is 500mA; the solar panel SC1 and the solar panel SC2 are connected through a single-pole double-throw switch SW1, so that single power supply or series power supply of the solar panels is realized; the movable end 1 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC1, the fixed end 3 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel SC2, and the other fixed end 2 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC2; the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 is grounded.
The charging control and regulation circuit A comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a potentiometer R4, a capacitor C2 and a parallel integrated circuit U, wherein one end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 in series through the resistor R1, and the other end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the reference end R of the parallel integrated circuit U; one end of a resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of a capacitor C2 and then is connected with a reference end R of a parallel integrated circuit U, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and then is connected with the negative electrode of a solar cell panel SC 1; the negative electrode k of the parallel integrated circuit U is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 through a resistor R3, and the positive electrode a of the parallel integrated circuit U is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1.
The charging protection circuit B comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a PNP triode Q and a knob switch SW2, wherein a movable contact 4 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with a collector c of the PNP triode Q, a first fixed contact 5 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with the resistor R5 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC1, a second fixed contact 6 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with the resistor R6 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC1, and a third fixed contact 7 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with the resistor R7 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC 1; the emitter e of the PNP triode Q is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the base b of the PNP triode Q is connected with the cathode k of the parallel integrated circuit U; the radiating fin can be properly arranged on the charging protection circuit B, namely the PNP transistor Q and the load resistor can be arranged on the charging protection circuit B, so that the device is prevented from being burnt out when excessive heat is generated due to overlarge current, the heat dissipation can be accelerated, and the effect of protecting the circuit can be achieved.
The current reverse prevention protection circuit H adopts a voltage stabilizing diode D, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D is connected with the power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit.
The positive electrode of the storage battery BT is connected with a power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit, and the negative electrode of the storage battery BT is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1.
As a conversion of the embodiment, two ends of the solar panel can be connected in parallel with a capacitor C1, which can play a role in stabilizing the voltage output by the solar panel; the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1.
The parallel integrated circuit U in this embodiment is preferably an integrated circuit employing a TL431AC chip; the PNP triode Q is preferably a TIP30B type transistor; the voltage stabilizing diode D is preferably a 1N5818 Schottky diode; a capacitor C1 has a withstand voltage of 25V and a capacity of 100 nF; the capacitor C2 can adopt a polar capacitor with a withstand voltage value of 25V and a capacity of 100 nF; the resistance value of the resistor R1 can be 39KΩ; the resistance value of the resistor R2 may be 10kΩ.
The working process of the household multi-gear solar charger circuit of the embodiment is exemplified as follows: under illumination, the solar cell panel outputs corresponding voltage, and the voltage charges the storage battery through the charging control and regulation circuit and the charging protection circuit.
(1) First, according to a schematic circuit diagram (fig. 1), the relevant resistance and voltage parameter values required for the regulation are calculated. According to the capacity of the storage battery to be charged, the resistance values R of the resistors R5, R6 and R7 are calculated respectively, and the formula for calculating the resistance value R is as follows (1):
wherein: r is the resistance of R5, R6 or R7; BAT (BAT) Nominal value Is the voltage of the normal value of the BT of the storage battery, I max Is the maximum current value in the circuit, i.e. the short-circuit current of the solar panel, i.e. 500mA.
(2) The potentiometer R4 in the circuit is then adjusted, i.e., the input voltage to the TL431AC chip input pin (reference voltage terminal R) is adjusted until the TIB30B is turned on. The formula for calculating the resistance value of the variable resistor Rx is as follows formula (2):
wherein Rx is a partial value of a potentiometer R4 (variable resistor), BAT max Is the maximum voltage value of the battery BT (i.e. the voltage when the battery is fully charged), V input-TL431AC Is the TL431AC chip input voltage equal to2.5V, R3 has a resistance of 1.5KΩ and R4 has a resistance of 20KΩ.
(3) And the storage battery BT to be charged is connected, different gears are selected according to the capacity of the storage battery to be charged, and the storage battery mainly comprises storage batteries of 5V, 12V and 24V. If the storage battery is 5V and 12V, a single solar panel (the open circuit voltage is 18V) can be used to shift the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 to the 2 position (namely the movable end 1 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the stationary end 2), and if the storage battery is a 24V storage battery, two panels are required to be connected in series to shift the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 to the 3 position (namely the movable end 1 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the stationary end 3). At the same time, the knob switch SW2 is also changed. When the battery is 5V, the knob switch SW2 rotates to the 7 position (namely, the movable contact 4 of the knob switch SW2 is communicated with the third fixed contact 7), when the battery is 12V, the switch SW2 rotates to the 6 position (namely, the movable contact 4 of the knob switch SW2 is communicated with the second fixed contact 6), and when the battery is 24V, the switch SW2 rotates to the 5 position (namely, the movable contact 4 of the knob switch SW2 is communicated with the first fixed contact 5), so as to adapt to different charging voltages and avoid burning.
(4) After the circuit is connected, current flows out of the solar panel and charges the storage battery through the IN5818 Schottky diode.
(5) Over time, the voltage across the battery increases, and TIP30B turns on when the battery reaches the float setting and also reaches the input voltage regulation point of TL431AC (i.e., reaches the voltage at which TIP30B turns on).
(6) The TIP30B is conducted, and the charging protection circuit consumes all solar energy electric quantity, because the TIP30B is connected with the resistor of R5, R6 or R7 to two ends of the solar panel, excessive charging current can be transferred to the R5, R6 or R7 load resistor so as to keep constant voltage, and part of energy is consumed, so that the charging and overcharge protection functions are realized; at this time, the solar power source consumed by the charging protection circuit generates heat, and heat dissipation is accelerated by installing the radiating fins.
(7) When sunlight is offset, the voltage output by the solar cell panel is lower than the voltage at two ends of the storage battery, and the current of the storage battery is prevented from reversely flowing into the voltage stabilizing circuit due to the arrangement of the current reverse preventing protection circuit H, so that the effect of the protection circuit is achieved.
Embodiment two:
a household multi-gear solar charger circuit, substantially identical to the circuit of the first embodiment, except that the circuit of the present embodiment further comprises a sensor module, a microprocessor module and a motor control module (see fig. 2); the circuit of the embodiment specifically comprises a solar panel S, a storage battery BT, a charging control and regulation circuit A, a charging protection circuit B, a capacitor C1, a single-pole double-throw switch SW1, a current reverse prevention protection circuit H, a sensor module, a microprocessor module and a motor control module;
the number of the solar panels S is two, namely a solar panel SC1 and a solar panel SC2; the open circuit voltage of each solar panel is 18V, and the maximum value of short circuit current is 500mA; the movable end 1 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC1, the fixed end 3 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel SC2, and the other fixed end 2 of the single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC2;
the charging control and regulation circuit A comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a potentiometer R4, a capacitor C2 and a parallel integrated circuit U, wherein one end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 in series through the resistor R1, and the other end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the reference end R of the parallel integrated circuit U; one end of a resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of a capacitor C2 and then is connected with a reference end R of a parallel integrated circuit U, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and then is connected with the negative electrode of a solar cell panel SC 1; the negative electrode k of the parallel integrated circuit U is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 through a resistor R3, and the positive electrode a of the parallel integrated circuit U is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1;
the charging protection circuit B comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a PNP triode Q and a knob switch SW2, wherein a movable contact 4 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with a collector c of the PNP triode Q, a first fixed contact 5 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with the resistor R5 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC1, a second fixed contact 6 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with the resistor R6 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC1, and a third fixed contact 7 of the knob switch SW2 is connected with the resistor R7 and then connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel SC 1; the emitter e of the PNP triode Q is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the base b of the PNP triode Q is connected with the cathode k of the parallel integrated circuit U; the heat sink can be properly arranged on the charging protection circuit B so as to prevent the device from being burnt out when excessive heat is generated due to excessive current and accelerate heat dissipation, and the charging protection circuit B can play a role in protecting the circuit.
The current reverse protection circuit H adopts a voltage stabilizing diode D, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC2, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D is connected with the power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit;
the positive electrode of the storage battery BT is connected with a power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit, and the negative electrode of the storage battery BT is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1;
the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 is also connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1, and the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 is grounded.
The storage battery BT is respectively connected with the sensor module, the microprocessor module and the motor control module and is used for providing power for each module;
the sensor module is connected with the microprocessor module, and the sensor is arranged on the solar panel; the system comprises a microprocessor module, a solar cell panel, a solar direct light intensity and a solar cell panel voltage output module, wherein the solar direct light intensity and the solar cell panel voltage output module are used for collecting the environment in real time and transmitting the environment to the microprocessor module;
the motor control module is connected with the microprocessor module, is controlled by a control signal sent by the microprocessor module, and drives the solar panel to rotate along with illumination through a motor; the solar cell panel is arranged on the motor and can rotate along with the motor.
The microprocessor module is used for receiving and processing the signals transmitted by the sensor module, judging whether the solar panel has direct solar radiation at the moment according to the processing result, and transmitting control signals to the motor control module.
The sensor module comprises a light intensity sensor and a voltage sensor.
The schematic circuit diagrams of the microprocessor module, the sensor module and the motor control module in the embodiment are shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5; the circuit diagram of the light intensity sensor is shown in fig. 3, the circuit diagram of the voltage sensor is shown in fig. 4, and the circuit diagrams of the microprocessor module and the motor control module are shown in fig. 5, so that the working principle and the connection relation of the microprocessor module, the sensor module and the motor control module are not repeated here because the microprocessor module, the sensor module and the motor control module are all known technologies.
The control method of the circuit system of the embodiment is that the sensor module collects the illumination intensity and the output voltage on the solar panel in real time and transmits the data to the microprocessor module, and the microprocessor module controls the motor control module to transfer according to the data processing result after processing the data so as to adapt to the requirements.
The control method of the above-mentioned circuit system includes the following steps (see fig. 6):
a1, data acquisition:
the sensor module collects the illumination intensity and the output voltage on the solar panel in real time and transmits the data to the microprocessor module.
A2, data processing:
after receiving the data transmitted by the sensor module, the microprocessor module processes the data, and the specific contents are as follows:
and the microprocessor module judges whether the solar panel is opposite to the sun or not according to the illumination intensity and the output voltage on the collected solar panel. If not, a corresponding signal is sent to the motor control module.
A3, data transmission:
the microprocessor module sends the data to the motor control module.
A4, motor control:
the motor control module receives the data transmitted by the microprocessor module, and controls the movement of the motor according to the condition of the data or the instruction so as to adapt to the change of illumination.
The specific cases are as follows:
(1) When the microprocessor works, a rotation instruction and a data acquisition instruction are sent to the motor control module at regular intervals (1 s), the values of illumination intensity and output voltage are acquired in real time, the values of illumination intensity and output voltage which are acquired currently are compared with the values of illumination intensity and output voltage at the last moment, the maximum value of the values of illumination intensity and output voltage is found out, and the fact that the solar panel is aligned with the sun in real time is indicated at the optimal position. Meanwhile, the maximum value of the values of the illumination intensity and the output voltage at different times in one day is saved, a set reference value is calculated, and the reference value is used as a standard value. This standard value will vary with the season or weather conditions. After a long period of operation, fixed reference and standard values are calculated.
(2) When the value of the illumination intensity and the output voltage on the solar panel received by the microprocessor module is larger than the preset standard value, the microprocessor module does not send any instruction to the motor control; at this time, the solar panel is aligned with the sun and no rotation is required.
(3) When the value of the illumination intensity and the output voltage on the solar cell panel received by the microprocessor module is smaller than the preset standard value, the microprocessor module sends a rotation instruction automatically following the sunlight receiving direction to the motor control module, so that the solar cell panel can be aligned to the sun in real time, the solar energy receiving power is improved, and the charging time of the battery is effectively shortened.
(4) When the illumination intensity and the output voltage on the solar panel received by the microprocessor module are close to zero, the microprocessor module sends an off-working instruction to the motor control module. At this time, if the storage battery is charged and not taken out in the daytime, the microprocessor module can send out an order of no work at night to prevent the motor control module from working, and the whole electric quantity of the storage battery can not be consumed because the working power consumption of the sensor is lower.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a domestic multi-gear solar charger circuit, includes solar cell panel (S), battery (BT), its characterized in that:
the circuit also comprises a charging control and regulation circuit (A), a charging protection circuit (B) and a current reverse prevention protection circuit (H);
the positive electrode of the storage Battery (BT) is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel (S) through a current reverse protection circuit (H), and the negative electrode of the storage Battery (BT) is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel (S);
one end of the charging control and regulation circuit (A) is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel (S), and the other end of the charging control and regulation circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel (S);
one end of the charging protection circuit (B) is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel (S), and the other end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel (S);
the circuit also comprises a sensor module (G), a microprocessor module (E) and a motor control module (F);
the storage Battery (BT) is respectively connected with the sensor module, the microprocessor module and the motor control module and is used for providing power for each module;
the sensor module (G) is connected with the microprocessor module, and is used for collecting the direct solar light intensity of the environment and the voltage output of the solar panel in real time and transmitting the direct solar light intensity and the voltage output of the solar panel to the microprocessor module;
the motor control module (F) is connected with the microprocessor module, is controlled by a control signal sent by the microprocessor module, and drives the solar panel to rotate along with illumination through a motor;
the microprocessor module (E) is used for receiving and processing the signals transmitted by the sensor module, judging whether the solar panel has direct solar radiation at the moment according to the processing result, and transmitting control signals to the motor control module;
the number of the solar panels (S) is two, namely a solar panel SC1 and a solar panel SC2; the solar panel SC1 is connected with the solar panel SC2 through a single-pole double-throw switch (SW 1); the movable end (1) of the single-pole double-throw switch (SW 1) is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC1, one fixed end (3) of the single-pole double-throw switch (SW 1) is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel SC2, and the other fixed end (2) of the single-pole double-throw switch (SW 1) is connected with the positive electrode of the solar panel SC2; the positive electrode of the storage Battery (BT) is connected with a power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit, and the negative electrode of the storage Battery (BT) is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1; the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 is grounded;
the charging control and regulation circuit (A) comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a potentiometer R4, a capacitor C2 and a parallel integrated circuit (U), wherein one end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 in series through the resistor R1, and the other end of the potentiometer R4 is connected with the reference end (R) of the parallel integrated circuit (U); one end of a resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of a capacitor C2 and then connected with a reference end (R) of a parallel integrated circuit (U), and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and then connected with the negative electrode of a solar cell panel SC 1; the negative electrode (k) of the parallel integrated circuit (U) is connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2 through the resistor R3, and the positive electrode (a) of the parallel integrated circuit (U) is connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC 1.
2. A household multi-gear solar charger circuit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the charging protection circuit (B) comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a PNP triode (Q) and a knob switch (SW 2), wherein a movable contact (4) of the knob switch (SW 2) is connected with a collector (c) of the PNP triode (Q), a first fixed contact (5) of the knob switch (SW 2) is connected with a negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 after being connected with the resistor R5, a second fixed contact (6) of the knob switch (SW 2) is connected with a negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 after being connected with the resistor R6, and a third fixed contact (7) of the knob switch (SW 2) is connected with a negative electrode of the solar cell panel SC1 after being connected with the resistor R7; the emitter (e) of the PNP triode (Q) is connected with the positive electrode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the base (b) of the PNP triode (Q) is connected with the negative electrode (k) of the parallel integrated circuit (U).
3. A household multi-gear solar charger circuit as defined in claim 2, wherein: the protection circuit (H) for preventing the current from reversing adopts a voltage stabilizing diode (D), the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode (D) is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel SC2, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the power supply voltage end VCC of the circuit.
4. A household multi-gear solar charger circuit as defined in claim 3, wherein: and the two ends of the solar panel (S) are also connected with a capacitor C1 in parallel.
5. A household multi-gear solar charger circuit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the open circuit voltage of each solar panel was 18V and the maximum short circuit current was 500mA.
6. A household multi-gear solar charger circuit as defined in claim 3, wherein: the parallel integrated circuit (U) is an integrated circuit adopting a TL431AC chip; the PNP triode (Q) adopts a transistor of TIP30B type; the voltage stabilizing diode (D) adopts a 1N5818 Schottky diode.
7. A household multi-gear solar charger circuit as defined in claim 1, wherein: a heat sink is mounted on the charge protection circuit (B).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611112800.8A CN106787095B (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Household multi-gear solar charger circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611112800.8A CN106787095B (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Household multi-gear solar charger circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106787095A CN106787095A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106787095B true CN106787095B (en) | 2023-06-13 |
Family
ID=58878537
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611112800.8A Active CN106787095B (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Household multi-gear solar charger circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106787095B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109347193B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2023-11-17 | 安徽鼎晖新能源科技有限公司 | Module combined type solar charger |
| CN110535219A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-03 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | A kind of energy-saving water-mill oxygen increasing machine |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2732170A1 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1996-09-27 | Guyonneau Claude | HIGH VOLTAGE PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY STATION WITH PERSONALIZED STORAGE |
| CN101834542A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | 欧姆龙株式会社 | Power conversion device, power governor and electricity generation system |
| CN101951717A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-01-19 | 苏州英诺华微电子有限公司 | Environment-adaptive solar LED (light-emitting diode) driving circuit and control method |
| CN102158081A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-08-17 | 天津大学 | Three-level boosting DC converter and modulation method thereof |
| CN202720323U (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2013-02-06 | 安徽中兴继远信息技术股份有限公司 | Distributive power supply synchronization detection system |
| CN104113277A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-22 | 上海理工大学 | Solar folding tent |
| CN104682494A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 成都杰联祺业电子有限责任公司 | Quick wireless solar charging method and device |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201126975Y (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2008-10-01 | 文金华 | Solar energy charge controller |
| CN101299473B (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2010-09-08 | 浙江华天电源科技有限公司 | Multifunctional lithium battery solar charger |
| US9077206B2 (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2015-07-07 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Method and system for activating and deactivating an energy generating system |
| CN201234224Y (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2009-05-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Solar charger |
| CN101651352B (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-11-30 | 聚积科技股份有限公司 | Light energy power circuit |
| CN201985788U (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-21 | 桂林宏博电子信息科技有限公司 | Solar power generation controller |
| CN102222950B (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2013-09-25 | 衡阳中微科技开发有限公司 | Device and method for improving charging efficiency of solar battery |
| CN103036258A (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2013-04-10 | 上海锂曜能源科技有限公司 | Battery pack balancing system and method |
| CN203278376U (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-11-06 | 东莞市可享光电科技有限公司 | Self-controlled multi-voltage output system of stand-by power supply |
| CN105075061B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2017-10-03 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Charger and solar cell system used for solar batteries |
| CN103595093A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏绿扬电子仪器集团有限公司 | Solar storage battery discharging device |
| CN104009533B (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2016-08-24 | 西京学院 | The control system that a kind of solar battery group is powered with batteries complementation |
| CN204554959U (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-08-12 | 江苏峰谷源储能技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of portable warmer |
| CN105515065A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-20 | 国网重庆市电力公司江北供电分公司 | Wide range input self adjusting power transmission line induction power taking device |
| CN206293956U (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-30 | 柳州铁道职业技术学院 | A kind of many gear solar charger circuits of family expenses |
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 CN CN201611112800.8A patent/CN106787095B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2732170A1 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1996-09-27 | Guyonneau Claude | HIGH VOLTAGE PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY STATION WITH PERSONALIZED STORAGE |
| CN101834542A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | 欧姆龙株式会社 | Power conversion device, power governor and electricity generation system |
| CN101951717A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-01-19 | 苏州英诺华微电子有限公司 | Environment-adaptive solar LED (light-emitting diode) driving circuit and control method |
| CN102158081A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-08-17 | 天津大学 | Three-level boosting DC converter and modulation method thereof |
| CN202720323U (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2013-02-06 | 安徽中兴继远信息技术股份有限公司 | Distributive power supply synchronization detection system |
| CN104113277A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-22 | 上海理工大学 | Solar folding tent |
| CN104682494A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 成都杰联祺业电子有限责任公司 | Quick wireless solar charging method and device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106787095A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN204706909U (en) | The photovoltaic charged device of a kind of electric-vehicle-mounted with MPPT function | |
| Zeman | Photovoltaic systems | |
| CN106787095B (en) | Household multi-gear solar charger circuit | |
| CN210579327U (en) | Control system of solar street lamp | |
| CN207644577U (en) | It is a kind of can solar recharging water quality indicator buoy device | |
| CN107276205B (en) | Weak light charging system and solar charging system | |
| CN103914084A (en) | Automatic light tracing device and light tracing method thereof | |
| CN105720900A (en) | Household thin-film solar curtain power generation and energy storage device | |
| CN203933138U (en) | A kind of new type solar energy bimodulus electric supply installation for WSNs sensor node | |
| CN104534388A (en) | Intelligent solar energy LED street lighting system | |
| CN105992433A (en) | Solar street lamp control system | |
| CN206293956U (en) | A kind of many gear solar charger circuits of family expenses | |
| CN104156004A (en) | Small-sized solar automatic tracking and intelligent power supply device | |
| JP2004064855A (en) | Power supply device using photoelectric cell | |
| CN104467088A (en) | Intelligent solar charging system and automatic tracking control circuit thereof | |
| CN202738220U (en) | Intelligent solar LED street lamp controller | |
| CN109606394A (en) | A kind of electric locomotive control system | |
| CN208079016U (en) | solar energy storage system | |
| CN203661378U (en) | Solar street lamp control device | |
| JPH08308144A (en) | Portable battery with battery charger | |
| CN205210701U (en) | Solar energy power generation chases after light control system | |
| CN204089677U (en) | A kind of portable power source based on high-efficiency soft solar cell | |
| CN202111637U (en) | Solar battery | |
| CN210602157U (en) | Power supply circuit of air conditioner | |
| CN110838743B (en) | Charge-discharge control circuit with automatic protection mechanism |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |