CN106785769B - A kind of conduction antifriction metal (AFM) electrographite brush and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of conduction antifriction metal (AFM) electrographite brush and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106785769B CN106785769B CN201611192148.5A CN201611192148A CN106785769B CN 106785769 B CN106785769 B CN 106785769B CN 201611192148 A CN201611192148 A CN 201611192148A CN 106785769 B CN106785769 B CN 106785769B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 phenolic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] Chemical compound O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cu] IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000009240 nasopharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/24—Laminated contacts; Wire contacts, e.g. metallic brush, carbon fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
- H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of brush materials, and in particular to a kind of conduction antifriction metal (AFM) electrographite brush and preparation method thereof.The mass percentage composition of the wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of a kind of conduction provided by the invention are as follows: copper powder 70~90%, graphite powder 5~25%, silicon dioxide powder 0.5~1%, Phenolic resin powder 1~8%.The present invention prepares graphite-copper alloy by room temperature compacting-sintering, and graphite-copper alloy ingot blank is then carried out hot extrusion, obtains graphite-copper alloy block.Due to adding a certain amount of silicon dioxide powder in metal-graphite brush, the granularity and adding manner of graphite powder are added in conjunction with control, is then aided with the thermal deformation technique to match with performance requirement again, is prepared for good conductivity and anti abrasive metal-graphite brush material.Preparation process of the present invention is simple, products obtained therefrom function admirable, and quality is stablized, and has compared with great current carrying capacity, is convenient for large-scale industrial application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brush materials, and in particular to a kind of conduction antifriction metal (AFM) electrographite brush and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Most electric locomotives are AC-DC electric locomotives in the world.In attached wires of AC electrified railway contact net, locomotive
Extra-high voltage electric power is obtained from contact net by pantograph pan, traction power is obtained with driving machine tramcar motor, and is drawn
Electric current flows back to traction substation through wheel, track and the earth.Bogie axle axle box bearing by high current due to being sent out in order to prevent
Earthing brush is installed in the shaft end of raw galvanic action, each axis, to be shorted this branch of bearing.Earthing or grounding means is made by earthing brush
The reflux line current of tractive transformer flows directly to axle, prevents from causing bearing due to the line current that flows back flows at bogie bearing
Damage, while protecting bearing, axle sleeve, axle, also can ensure that the grounding safety of train all devices is reliable.
As one of the critical elements of sliding electrical contact, brush is one formed with the work sliding electrical contact of the object of movement
Kind conductive component.It is therefore desirable to which it has the instinct of relatively good commutation spark.In addition to this, as ground connection components, it must
Must have excellent conductive, thermally conductive, wear-resisting property and certain mechanical strength, and require Service Life of Carbon Brush long, and not
Wear Friction disk does not make frictional disk scratch, injustice, ablation, wire drawing etc. occur；When operation, panel surface can rubbed quickly
One layer of uniform, appropriate and stable oxide film is formed, is not overheated, noise is small, and not damaged, shunt welding is non-discolouring, not ablation.
According to the difference of brush material, four kinds can be divided into, i.e. electrographite brush, electrographite brush, metal-graphite brush, pure
Metallic brush.Electrographite brush is that the mixing of the adhesives such as pitch, coal tar is added in natural graphite to suppress, and quality is soft,
Greasy property is preferable, and coefficient of friction is low, and commutation ability is good, but easily makes rectifier impaired because impure more.It applies in general to
Rectification condition is normal, Load Balanced motor, such as steam turbine generator.Electrographite brush is to make raw material by graphite, coke etc.,
Nearly 2500 DEG C or more high-temperature process and be made.Its function admirable, therefore use scope is wide, can be used for all types of motor and commutator bar
On the more difficult motor of part, such as traction electric machine, industrial motor, mine motor.Pure metal brush is made of thin sheet metal,
The electric conductivity of this brush is fabulous.It is lost less, but wears no resistance on brush, cause electrical machinery life low.But since brushing piece is thin,
High current can not be born, therefore is usually used in miniature small machine.Metal-graphite brush is that copper and a small amount of tin, lead are penetrated into graphite
Equal metal powders are mixed and are made, and have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and current-carrying capacity is big, and wear-resisting property is high, and have certain machine
The performance of tool intensity and commutation property spark is widely used in line style electric current transmission (lead-off line), slip ring, plating or quenching production
Line, earthing brush etc. lose asynchronous motor and current DC motor particularly suitable for exchange coiling.
Although domestic Harbin electrical carbon Co., Ltd, Shanghai Morgan Carbon Co., Ltd., southeast electrical carbon Co., Ltd etc.
Metal-graphite brush product, but the resistivity of product, fretting wear, commutation ability and service life etc. performance are produced
It is still poorer than same kind of products at abroad, it is mainly used on the components such as conducting slip ring.Currently, domestic bullet train group traction motor
Ground connection reflux unit still rely on import, the earthing or grounding means used on CRH series of high speed train is still mainly by companies such as U.S. Ademilsons
Control, and as wherein crucial one of component, contact brush fully relies on import, such as Mo Gen electrical carbon Co., Ltd, Britain, method
The brush product of the productions such as rowland carbon company, state, U.S. Cork carbon branch company, Wood company.Exploitation China, which has, independently to be known
The high-performance bullet train for knowing property right is significant with metallic graphite carbon earthing brush.
Chinese patent CN104882759A discloses a kind of metal-graphite brush that inexpensive performance is good, which is characterized in that
Be made of raw material from the following weight crystalline flake graphite 40-60, pitch 18-28, tungsten disulfide 20-30, iron powder 3-5, silicon carbide 12-
15, beryllium oxide 7-9, copper-titanium alloy powder 6-9, appropriate oleic acid；The SiC reinforcement hardness of brush of invention addition, is improved resistance to
Mill property, the beryllium oxide of addition reduce oxidation and the wear rate of brush material, guarantee that contact resistance is small, to reduce spark, add
The copper-titanium alloy powder added has refinement crystal grain, improves the effect of compactness and electric conductivity, the metal-graphite brush of invention preparation
Material performance index: resistivity (μ Ω m): 3.8；Rockwell hardness (10/588N): 85；Attrition value (50 hours): 0.14；Friction system
Number (50 hours): 0.17；Contact drop (50 hours, V): 1.2 ± 40%.
Chinese patent CN104882758A discloses a kind of metal-graphite brush of good conductivity, which is characterized in that by with
The raw material of lower parts by weight is made: crystalline flake graphite 40-60, pitch 18-28, tungsten disulfide 20-30, iron powder 4-6, di-iron trioxide
11-15, lithium carbonate 7-9, cupromanganese powder 7-10, appropriate oleic acid；The di-iron trioxide of invention addition enhances brush material
Grindability and electric conductivity, the lithium carbonate of addition generates liquid phase in sintering, promotes effect that is fine and close and reducing sintering temperature,
The cupromanganese powder of addition has refinement crystal grain, improves material plasticity, reduces the effect cracked when processing, invention preparation
Metal-graphite brush material performance indicator: resistivity (μ Ω m): 3.5；Rockwell hardness (10/588N): 84；(50 is small for attrition value
When): 0.18；Coefficient of friction (50 hours): 0.15；Contact drop (50 hours, V): 1.2 ± 40%.
Summary of the invention
It is of the invention to provide a kind of simple production process, at low cost, and conductive wear-resisting metal-graphite brush and its system
Preparation Method.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, including following components form by mass percentage:
Copper powder 70~90%, preferably 70~85%；
Graphite powder 5~25%, preferably 12~25%；
Silicon dioxide powder 0.5~1%, preferably 0.5~0.8%；
Phenolic resin powder 1~8%, preferably 3~6%.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the copper powder are electrolytic copper powder.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the graphite powder are crystalline graphite powder, are more preferably
Crystalline graphite powder.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the granularity of electrolytic copper powder are 40~50 μm.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the granularity of crystalline graphite powder are 30~40 μm.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder are 75~200 μm.
A kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the granularity of silicon dioxide powder are 40~45 μm.
A kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1
Match by design component and takes copper powder, graphite powder, silicon dioxide powder, Phenolic resin powder；
Step 2
It will be dissolved in organic solvent with the phenolic resin taken；Then it is added with the graphite powder taken and is uniformly mixed, it is dry；It is broken
Broken, until obtaining spare particle, the spare granularity is 35~40 μm；
Step 3
It is dry-mixed with the copper powder progress taken that spare particle, step 1 obtained by step 2 are matched into the silicon dioxide powder taken, step 1
Extremely it is uniformly mixed；Then it is handled through green compact, obtains base sample；
Step 4
Base sample obtained by step 3 is placed in sintering furnace, is sintered, is burnt in 900~980 DEG C under protective atmosphere
Tie sample blanks；
Step 5
Hot extrusion is carried out to sintering sample blanks obtained by step 4, obtains conductive wear-resisting metal-graphite brush；The hot extrusion
Temperature be 500~800 DEG C.
A kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, organic solvent described in step 1 are preferably
Alcohol.Scheme as a further preference, after being dissolved in alcohol with the phenolic resin taken, obtaining phenolic resin concentration is 50-
The phenol resin solution of 100g/L.
Scheme as a further preference, a kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, step
In two, after being dissolved in alcohol with the phenolic resin taken, the phenol resin solution that phenolic resin concentration is 50-100g/L is obtained；
Then step 1 is added and matches the graphite powder taken；2~5h of mechanical stirring obtains mixture to being uniformly mixed in batch mixer, then will
Mixture is placed in oven drying, is dried at 70~100 DEG C.Dry purpose is to remove solvent.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention in step 3, will walk
It is dry-mixed to uniformly mixed that spare particle, step 1 obtained by rapid two match the silicon dioxide powder taken, step 1 matches the copper powder progress taken；Institute
State it is dry-mixed carried out in V-type batch mixer, the time be 6~10h.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, control is pressed when green compact
Power is 250~400MPa.Controlling the dwell time is 15~30 seconds.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, will be obtained by step 3
Base sample is placed in sintering furnace, in a hydrogen atmosphere, is warming up to 900~980 DEG C with the heating rate of 10~15 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature
It is sintered 1~2h, room temperature is then down to the rate of temperature fall of 10~15 DEG C/min, obtains sintering sample blanks.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention in step 4, controls
The speed of hot extrusion is 0.3~1.0m/min, and control extrusion ratio is 6-15:1.
A kind of preparation method for the metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting of the present invention, the wear-resisting metallic graphite carbon electricity of prepared conduction
The bending strength of brush is 90~150MPa, Shore hardness is 20~50, resistance coefficient is 3~8 μ Ω * cm, coefficient of friction is less than etc.
It is less than or equal to 2.67mm in 0.12,50 hour attrition value3。
Principle and advantage
(1) selection and adding manner of raw material granularity
Copper powder；40~50 μm of granularity of electrolytic copper powder granularity has dendritic structure, can have in pressing process preferably
Engagement force, material integral strength can be improved.
Graphite powder: compared with granularity is greater than 45 μm of graphite powder, granularity, which is 30~40 μm, can improve sintering to graphite powder
Copper base body gives full play to the anti abrasive effect of silica to the holding capability of silica.And using resin to graphite powder into
After the processing of row cladding, resin and the enhancing of graphite binding force, the formability of green body are significantly improved.
Silica: the addition of silica can both reduce the abrasion loss of brush material itself, can also reduce to mill
Abrasion.Moreover, a small amount of silica will not significantly increase coefficient of friction, fever and energy consumption can be thus reduced, benefit
In the service life for extending metal-graphite brush, and 40~45 μm of silica particles can play its best wear-resisting effect
Fruit.
(2) thermal deformation technique of the powder metallurgical technique of common cold pressing-sintering and conventional copper alloy, can further destroy
The oxidation film on copper powder particle surface, realizes the densification of alloy, effectively improves the intensity and hardness of alloy, improve
The wearability of brush.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the preparation flow figure of metal-graphite brush provided by the invention；
Attached drawing 2 is the interior tissue figure of metal-graphite brush prepared by comparative example 1；
Attached drawing 3 is the interior tissue figure of metal-graphite brush prepared by comparative example 2；
Attached drawing 4 is the interior tissue figure of metal-graphite brush prepared by embodiment 1；
Attached drawing 5 is the interior tissue figure of metal-graphite brush prepared by embodiment 2.
The preparation flow figure for the metal-graphite brush that the invention patent provides is shown in Fig. 1.Firstly, graphite and resin are by certain ratio
Example wet mixing is dried after closing, and is crushed and is sieved later, the graphite-resin powder and electrolytic copper powder, SiO 2 powder of acquisition of being sieved
It is dry-mixed by a certain percentage, it after the mixed powder of acquisition is pressed into green body, then is sintered in hydrogen atmosphere sintering furnace, will burn
Knot part obtains metal-graphite brush composite material after carrying out appropriate hot extrusion.
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3 are it is found that resin prepared by the crystalline flake graphite for selecting the crystalline flake graphite that granularity is 40 μm to substitute 48 μm
Graphite powder, resin can complete coated graphite, be sieved later, the granularity of acquisition is the metal of 40 μm of resin graphite powders preparation
In graphite material, Copper substrate significantly improves the holding capability of silica.Dark particle is mutually silica in figure, due to two
The granularity of silica limits, so that particle part is stuck in Copper substrate in Fig. 2, but the overwhelming majority is distributed in resin graphite or tree
In the crack of rouge graphite and Copper substrate.This kind of silica dioxide granule not being capable of fixing is easily de- when with rubbing to mill
It falls or stays in on mill, improve the abrasion of brush itself instead.
After comparison diagram 3 and Fig. 4 are it is found that carry out a degree of hot extrusion to sintered metal-graphite brush, Copper substrate
Network structure connection it is more preferable, and the interface cohesion between copper powder particle is more preferable.
As can be seen from Figure 4 and Figure 5, the network structure of the metal-graphite brush Copper substrate prepared by the present invention is connected to more
Good, the distribution of graphite and copper is very uniform, and Copper substrate is preferable to the holding capability of silica.
Specific embodiment
Comparative example 1
Metal-graphite brush used in this comparative example 1 includes following components by percentage to the quality:
Electrolytic copper powder 70%, crystalline graphite powder 25%, silicon dioxide powder 0.5%, Phenolic resin powder 6%.Electrolytic copper powder
Granularity be 45 μm, the granularity of crystalline graphite powder is 48 μm, and the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 100 μm, the granularity of silicon dioxide powder
It is 45 μm.
First at room temperature, phenolic resin is all dissolved in alcohol, adds crystalline graphite powder, it is mechanical in batch mixer
Stirring 3h is mixed evenly to mixture, then mixture is placed in oven drying, and drying temperature is 80 DEG C, molten to remove
Agent.50 μm of granularity of resin graphite powder, electrolytic copper powder and two are chosen in re-sieving after resin graphite material obtained crushes repeatedly again
Silica mixed powder mixes 8h in V-type batch mixer, obtains metallic graphite carbon mixed powder.Metallic graphite carbon mixed powder is existed later
Cold moudling is carried out at room temperature, and pressing pressure 300MPa, dwell time 20s, the metallic graphite carbon green compact of preparation is in hydrogen gas
Under atmosphere protection, in 950 DEG C of sintering 1.5h, the heating rate and rate of temperature fall of stove are 10~15 DEG C/min.Obtained metal
The sintered blank interior tissue of electrographite brush is shown in Fig. 2, and bending strength 30MPa, Shore hardness 10, resistance coefficient is 15 μ Ω *
Cm, coefficient of friction (50 hours) are 2.58, and attrition value (50 hours) are 14.26mm3。
Comparative example 2
The processing of metal-graphite brush raw materials used powdered ingredients, content and each processing status is prepared in this comparative example 2
Mode and comparative example 1 are completely the same.Difference is that the granularity for the crystalline graphite powder that comparative example 1 is selected is 48 μm, after being sieved
The resin graphite powder granularity arrived is 50 μm.The granularity for the crystalline graphite powder that comparative example 2 is selected is 40 μm, the tree obtained after being sieved
Rouge graphite Powder Particle Size is 40 μm.
Metal-graphite brush used in this comparative example 2 includes following components by percentage to the quality:
Electrolytic copper powder 70%, crystalline graphite powder 25%, silicon dioxide powder 0.5%, Phenolic resin powder 6%.Electrolytic copper powder
Granularity be 45 μm, the granularity of crystalline graphite powder is 40 μm, and the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 100 μm, the granularity of silicon dioxide powder
It is 45 μm.
First at room temperature, phenolic resin is all dissolved in alcohol, adds crystalline graphite powder, it is mechanical in batch mixer
Stirring 3h is mixed evenly to mixture, then mixture is placed in oven drying, and drying temperature is 80 DEG C, molten to remove
Agent.40 μm of granularity of resin graphite powder, electrolytic copper powder and two are chosen in re-sieving after resin graphite material obtained crushes repeatedly again
Silica mixed powder mixes 8h in V-type batch mixer, obtains metallic graphite carbon mixed powder.Metallic graphite carbon mixed powder is existed later
Cold moudling is carried out at room temperature, and pressing pressure 300MPa, dwell time 20s, the metallic graphite carbon green compact of preparation is in hydrogen gas
Under atmosphere protection, in 950 DEG C of sintering 1.5h, the heating rate and rate of temperature fall of stove are 10~15 DEG C/min.Obtained metal
The sintered blank interior tissue of electrographite brush is shown in Fig. 3, and bending strength 45MPa, Shore hardness 15, resistance coefficient is 12 μ Ω *
Cm, coefficient of friction (50 hours) are 1.58, and attrition value (50 hours) are 8.46mm3。
Comparative example 3
Raw material with take and other conditions parameter completely with embodiment 1 it is consistent, the difference is that, each raw material is added together
Enter and carries out material by wet type mixing；
That is electrolytic copper powder 70%, crystalline graphite powder 25%, silicon dioxide powder 0.5%, Phenolic resin powder in mass ratio
6%.The granularity of electrolytic copper powder is 45 μm, and the granularity of crystalline graphite powder is 40 μm, and the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 100 μm, dioxy
The granularity of SiClx powder is 45 μm.With take electrolytic copper powder, crystalline graphite powder, silicon dioxide powder, Phenolic resin powder 6%, then match
Take alcohol (alcohol with taken amount are as follows: the phenolic resin alcoholic solution of 50-100g/L is calculated by theory)；It then will be with taking
Alcohol and electrolytic copper powder, crystalline graphite powder, silicon dioxide powder, Phenolic resin powder be uniformly mixed, drying, compression moulding, sintering,
Hot extrusion obtains control sample 3, and the bending strength of control sample 3 is 12MPa, and Shore hardness 8, resistance coefficient is 36 μ Ω *
Cm, coefficient of friction (50 hours) are 8.92, and attrition value (50 hours) are 27.86mm3.The sample due to by copper powder, graphite powder and
Silicon dioxide powder and phenolic resin wet mixing simultaneously cause sintering not fine and close, can not form continuous copper mesh structure in material internal,
Intensity, hardness and the conductivity of brush significantly lower, anti-friction degradation.
Embodiment 1
It is completely the same that the raw materials used powdered ingredients of metal-graphite brush, content and comparative example 2 are prepared in the present embodiment 1.Area
It is not not carry out hot extrusion after comparative example 2 is sintered.
Metal-graphite brush used in the present embodiment 1 includes following components by percentage to the quality:
Electrolytic copper powder 70%, crystalline graphite powder 25%, silicon dioxide powder 0.5%, Phenolic resin powder 6%.Electrolytic copper powder
Granularity be 45 μm, the granularity of crystalline graphite powder is 40 μm, and the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 100 μm, the granularity of silicon dioxide powder
It is 45 μm.
First at room temperature, phenolic resin is all dissolved in alcohol, adds crystalline graphite powder, it is mechanical in batch mixer
Stirring 3h is mixed evenly to mixture, then mixture is placed in oven drying, and drying temperature is 80 DEG C, molten to remove
Agent.40 μm of granularity of resin graphite powder, electrolytic copper powder and two are chosen in re-sieving after resin graphite material obtained crushes repeatedly again
Silica mixed powder mixes 8h in V-type batch mixer, obtains metallic graphite carbon mixed powder.Metallic graphite carbon mixed powder is existed later
Cold moudling is carried out at room temperature, and pressing pressure 300MPa, dwell time 20s, the metallic graphite carbon green compact of preparation is in hydrogen gas
Under atmosphere protection, in 950 DEG C of sintering 1.5h, the heating rate and rate of temperature fall of stove are 10~15 DEG C/min.Finally, by metal
Graphite sintering base carries out hot extrusion, and controlled at 650 DEG C, hot extrusion speed is 0.5m/min, extrusion ratio 8:1.It obtains
Metal-graphite brush interior tissue is shown in Fig. 4, and bending strength 120MPa, Shore hardness 42, resistance coefficient is 7.2 μ Ω *
Cm, coefficient of friction (50 hours) are 0.12, and attrition value (50 hours) are 2.67mm3。
Embodiment 2
Metal-graphite brush used in the present embodiment 2 includes following components by percentage to the quality:
Electrolytic copper powder 85%, crystalline graphite powder 12%, silicon dioxide powder 0.8%, phenol-formaldehyde resin powder 3%.Electrolytic copper powder
Granularity is 48 μm, and the granularity of crystalline graphite powder is 32 μm, and the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 160 μm, and the granularity of silicon dioxide powder is
40μm。
First at room temperature, phenolic resin is all dissolved in alcohol, adds crystalline graphite powder, it is mechanical in batch mixer
Stirring 4h is mixed evenly to mixture, then mixture is placed in oven drying, and drying temperature is 90 DEG C, molten to remove
Agent.35 μm of granularity of resin graphite powder, electrolytic copper powder and two are chosen in re-sieving after resin graphite material obtained crushes repeatedly again
Silica mixed powder mixes 8h in V-type batch mixer, obtains metallic graphite carbon mixed powder.Metallic graphite carbon mixed powder is existed later
Cold moudling is carried out at room temperature, and pressing pressure 380MPa, dwell time 30s, the metallic graphite carbon green compact of preparation is in hydrogen gas
Under atmosphere protection, in 980 DEG C of sintering 1h, the heating rate and rate of temperature fall of stove are 10~15 DEG C/min.Finally, by metal stone
Black sintered blank carries out hot extrusion, and controlled at 720 DEG C, hot extrusion speed is 0.5m/min, extrusion ratio 12:1.Obtained gold
Belong to electrographite brush interior tissue and see Fig. 5, bending strength 135MPa, Shore hardness 45, resistance coefficient is 8 μ Ω * cm, is rubbed
Wiping coefficient (50 hours) is 0.11, and attrition value (50 hours) are 1.28mm3。
Embodiment 3
Metal-graphite brush used in the present embodiment 3 includes following components by percentage to the quality:
Electrolytic copper powder 83%, crystalline graphite powder 16%, silicon dioxide powder 0.5%, Phenolic resin powder 4%.Electrolytic copper powder
Granularity be 40 μm, the granularity of crystalline graphite powder is 30 μm, and the granularity of phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 50 μm, and the granularity of silicon dioxide powder is
42μm。
First at room temperature, phenolic resin is all dissolved in alcohol, adds crystalline graphite powder, it is mechanical in batch mixer
Stirring 3h is mixed evenly to mixture, then mixture is placed in oven drying, and drying temperature is 80 DEG C, molten to remove
Agent.35 μm of granularity of resin graphite powder, electrolytic copper powder and two are chosen in re-sieving after resin graphite material obtained crushes repeatedly again
Silica mixed powder mixes 8h in V-type batch mixer, obtains metallic graphite carbon mixed powder.Metallic graphite carbon mixed powder is existed later
Cold moudling is carried out at room temperature, and pressing pressure 400MPa, dwell time 20s, the metallic graphite carbon green compact of preparation is in hydrogen gas
Under atmosphere protection, in 980 DEG C of sintering 1.5h, the heating rate and rate of temperature fall of stove are 10~15 DEG C/min.Finally, by metal
Graphite sintering base carries out hot extrusion, and controlled at 700 DEG C, hot extrusion speed is 0.3m/min, extrusion ratio 15:1.It obtains
Metal-graphite brush interior tissue is shown in Fig. 4, and bending strength 150MPa, Shore hardness 50, resistance coefficient is 3 μ Ω * cm,
Coefficient of friction (50 hours) are 0.08, and attrition value (50 hours) are 0.98mm3。
Claims (5)
1. a kind of metal-graphite brush that conduction is wear-resisting is characterized in that including that following components form by mass percentage:
Copper powder 70~85%；
Graphite powder 12~25%；
Silicon dioxide powder 0.5~0.8%；
Phenolic resin powder 3~6%；
The granularity of the phenol-formaldehyde resin powder is 75 ~ 200 μm；
The granularity of the copper powder is 40 ~ 50 μm；
The granularity of the graphite powder is 30 ~ 40 μm；
The granularity of the silicon dioxide powder is 40 ~ 45 μm；
The wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of the conduction is prepared by following step:
Step 1
Match by design component and takes copper powder, graphite powder, silicon dioxide powder, Phenolic resin powder；
Step 2
It will be dissolved in organic solvent with the phenolic resin taken；Then it is added with the graphite powder taken and is uniformly mixed, it is dry；It is broken,
Until obtaining spare particle, the granularity of the spare particle is 35 ~ 40 μm；
Step 3
It is dry-mixed to mixed with the copper powder progress taken that spare particle, step 1 obtained by step 2 are matched into the silicon dioxide powder taken, step 1
It closes uniform；Then it is handled through green compact, obtains base sample；
Step 4
Base sample obtained by step 3 is placed in sintering furnace, in a hydrogen atmosphere, is warming up to the heating rate of 10 ~ 15 DEG C/min
900~980 DEG C, and 1 ~ 2 h of heat preservation sintering, room temperature is then down to the rate of temperature fall of 10 ~ 15 DEG C/min, obtains sintering sample
Base；
Step 5
Hot extrusion is carried out to sintering sample blanks obtained by step 4, obtains conductive wear-resisting metal-graphite brush；The temperature of the hot extrusion
Degree is 500~800 DEG C；The speed of hot extrusion is 0.3~1.0 m/min, and control extrusion ratio is 6-15:1；
The bending strength of the wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of prepared conduction is 90 ~ 150 MPa, Shore hardness is 20 ~ 50, resistance system
Number is that the attrition value of 3 ~ 8 μ Ω * cm, coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.12,50 hour is less than or equal to 2.67 mm3。
2. a kind of wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of conduction according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The copper powder is electrolytic copper powder；
The graphite powder is crystalline graphite powder.
3. a kind of wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of conduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: will be with the phenolic aldehyde tree taken
After liposoluble is in alcohol, the phenol resin solution that phenolic resin concentration is 50-100 g/L is obtained.
4. a kind of wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of conduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2, will match
After the phenolic resin taken is dissolved in alcohol, the phenol resin solution that phenolic resin concentration is 50-100g/L is obtained；Then step is added
Rapid one with the graphite powder taken；2 ~ 5h of mechanical stirring obtains mixture, then mixture is placed in being uniformly mixed in batch mixer
Oven drying is dried at 70 ~ 100 DEG C.
5. a kind of wear-resisting metal-graphite brush of conduction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 3, spare particle, step 1 obtained by step 2 are matched into the silicon dioxide powder taken, step 1 is matched the copper powder taken and carried out
It is dry-mixed to uniformly mixed；It is described it is dry-mixed carried out in V-type batch mixer, the time be 6 ~ 10 h；
Green compact time control pressing pressure is 250 ~ 400 MPa, and the control dwell time is 15 ~ 30 seconds.
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| CN107346853B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-08-13 | 湖南中南智造新材料协同创新有限公司 | A kind of conductive wear-resisting combined type brush and preparation method thereof that cools down certainly |
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| CN108963701A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 汉寿县祥顺碳制品有限公司 | A kind of low noise, micro machine class carbon brush of low spark and preparation method thereof |
| CN110562299A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 辽宁鼎汉奇辉电子***工程有限公司 | Intelligent inspection device for invasion of railway key regional personnel |
| CN114824989B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-01-30 | 哈尔滨电碳厂有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-wear-resistance metal graphite brush |
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