CN106784757A - A kind of preparation method of anode composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of anode composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106784757A CN106784757A CN201710200468.9A CN201710200468A CN106784757A CN 106784757 A CN106784757 A CN 106784757A CN 201710200468 A CN201710200468 A CN 201710200468A CN 106784757 A CN106784757 A CN 106784757A
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- graphene
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- sulphur
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of preparation method of anode composite material.The method is comprised the following steps：Acid-treated activated carbon is added in graphene oxide suspension, mixed solution is obtained；Sodium ascorbate solution is subsequently adding, Graphene hydrogel is obtained；With sulphur mixed grinding after drying, afterwards in 3 15h are calcined at 150 200 DEG C under argon gas atmosphere, Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite positive pole is obtained.Raw material that the preparation method of lithium sulfur battery anode material of the present invention is used is cheap and easy to get, preparation process is simple, flow is short, process is easily controlled, easily realize industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of Graphene/activated carbon of lithium ion battery/
The preparation method of sulphur composite positive pole.
Technical background
Current social, energy crisis and environmental problem are a global much-talked-about topics, are passed with to coal, oil etc.
The exhaustive exploitation of the system energy, causes the continuous improvement of increasingly serious shortage of resources and cost of winning；Utilize traditional energy simultaneously
The pollution problem for bringing also constantly is highlighted, seriously broken ring earth ecology balance.Therefore, in the age of this energy revolution, people
Meet the demand of social fast development in the urgent need to finding and developing the effective new energy of green.Lithium-sulfur cell (theoretical specific volume
It is 1675mAh/g to measure, and specific energy is 2500Wh/kg, 2800Wh/L), it is that the high-energy of great development potentiality and application prospect is close
Degree secondary cell.But the positive electrode active material utilization of lithium-sulfur cell is poor, and cycle performance is poor, anode volume in charge and discharge process
Change greatly.Additionally, there is insulation characterisitic and highly dissoluble of its discharging product in organic electrolyte, limitation in elemental sulfur
Lithium-sulfur cell commercial applications process.
For problem above, current numerous scientific research scholars make composite positive pole using sulphur and conductive carbon material, carbon-based
Material serves as conducting bridge, and conductive network is built between particles, improves electronic conductivity；Due to carbon material high-specific surface area and
Adsorptivity can suppress the dissolving of discharging product and improve the electric conductivity of sulfur electrode, so as to improve the utilization rate and electricity of active material
The cycle performance in pond.
In carbon material, Graphene is a kind of electronics with high-specific surface area, high chemical stability and high mechanical properties
And heat conductor.Numerous defects is included in what is more important graphene-structured, can be used as the avtive spot of sulfur loaded.Graphene
Larger specific surface area and interlayer structure can provide larger memory space for sulphur again, and less interlayer gap can be certain
The diffusion of long-chain polysulphides is limited in degree so that Graphene/sulfur compound turns into a kind of ideal sulphur positive electrode.
Research shows that the method for being scattered in graphene sheet layer by sulphur can provide electric conductivity high for elemental sulfur, while sulfur granules are inserted
Layer effectively suppresses the volumetric expansion when dissolving and discharge and recharge of discharging product, so as to improve work in the Graphene of high-specific surface area
The utilization rate and the cycle performance of battery of property material.
In relevant report prepared by current sulphur/graphene composite material, because Graphene aperture is larger, what piece interlayer was opened
Duct makes the polysulfide for being soluble in electrolyte produced in charge and discharge process easily spread out therefrom, directly by sulphur and stone
Black alkene is combined and is difficult to obtain the excellent material of cycle performance.For example, the A of CN 103515608 (application publication number) discloses one kind
The preparation method of Graphene/sulphur composite.Will Graphene and elemental sulfur ball mill grinding obtain graphene-sulfur composite wood
Material precursor.Then graphene-sulfur composite material precursor is placed in tube furnace, uniform temperature is forged under inert gas shielding
Burn certain hour and obtain sulfur mass fraction for 50% Graphene/sulphur composite.Because graphene film Rotating fields are easy to aggregation,
And aperture is larger, sulphur is easy to preferential build in macropore, dissolved during polysulfide is to electrolyte in the charge and discharge process, diffusion
To anode and lithium metal reaction so as to cause the rapid decay of battery capacity.So that after battery is only circulated at 30 times, battery capacity
Only 43.2%.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for not enough present in current techniques, there is provided a kind of preparation side of anode composite material
Method.The method adds conductive material activated carbon during redox graphene, has using activated carbon highly developed
Pore structure and huge specific surface area, high adsorption capacity, chemical stability are good, high mechanical strength the advantages of, thus activated carbon
Can be again connected with each other each other by sulfur granules absorption in three-dimensional grid, form big conductive network, reduced intergranular
Resistance, is conducive to improving the electric conductivity of material.Using the graphene coated of the express network with electron transmission high in the present invention
Absorbent charcoal material as lithium sulfur battery anode material method of modifying, preparation process is simple, compared with prior art have advance, institute
The chemical property of acquirement is also improved with conspicuousness.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of preparation method of anode composite material, comprises the following steps：
(1) add graphene oxide into deionized water, then ultrasonic disperse 1-3h, obtains graphene oxide suspension
Liquid；
Wherein, 10-40mg graphene oxides are added per 10mL deionized waters；
(2) acid-treated activated carbon is added in the graphene oxide suspension of step (1), at room temperature ultrasound point
Dissipate, then stand at room temperature, obtain mixed solution；Wherein, activated carbon and the mass ratio of graphene oxide are 1:1~3；Per milli
Rise suspension and add 1-4mg activated carbons；
(3) mixed solution obtained in (2) is taken, sodium ascorbate solution is subsequently adding, 120- is heated at 100 DEG C
240min, obtains Graphene hydrogel；Wherein, 20-100mg sodium ascorbate solutions, sodium ascorbate are added per 1mL mixed solutions
The concentration of solution is 0.5mol/L-2mol/L；
(4) the Graphene hydrogel that will be obtained in (3) is placed in drying box and dries 6-24h at 60-90 DEG C, obtains graphite
Alkene/absorbent charcoal composite material；
(5) Graphene/absorbent charcoal composite material that will be obtained in (4) and sulphur mass ratio are 1:1~2 is fully ground 2-6h,
Obtain anode composite material in 3-15h is calcined at 150-200 DEG C under an argon atmosphere afterwards.
The acid treatment method of described activated carbon, comprises the following steps：
The activated carbon of 5g is added in the concentrated nitric acid of 50mL, by the suspension of mixing be placed in magnetic stirring apparatus stirring,
Centrifugation；Finally washed up to pH value is 7, obtained final product after drying.
Above-mentioned Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite material and preparation method thereof, wherein involved raw material are obtained by commercially available
, equipment used and technique are known to those skilled in the art.
Substantive distinguishing features of the invention are:The preparation method of the anode composite material in the present invention, novelty by activity
Charcoal is introduced into graphene oxide layer structure, the Graphene/activated carbon three dimensional network of step generation stabilization in the presence of reducing agent
Network, not only effectively avoids the graphene layer rendezvous problem of monolithic Rotating fields, and increased the conductance of composite.Most
Afterwards under inert atmosphere conditions, by heating, the uniform and close combination of sulphur and Graphene/activated carbon is realized, more preferably
Suppression sulphur and discharging product be dissolved in electrolyte, prevent " shuttle effect ", the utilization rate of sulphur is improved, while preferably improving positive pole
The electric conductivity of material, and then improve the cyclical stability and capability retention of lithium-sulfur cell.The present invention is to conventional graphite alkene lithium sulphur
Battery material is improved, and effectively prevent the rendezvous problem between Graphene, while reducing polysulfide in charge and discharge process
Dissolved in electrolyte, so as to improve the utilization rate of elemental sulfur.
Useful achievement of the invention is：
(1) preparation method of lithium sulfur battery anode material of the present invention, sulphur is embedded in Graphene/activated carbon three-dimensional network,
Technical process is easily operated.Excellent sulphur/Graphene/the absorbent charcoal composite material of the chemical property that obtains, compared with conventional art, electric discharge
Capacity increases, and discharge stability good cycle, and under 0.1C multiplying powers, first discharge specific capacity reaches 904mAh/g.
(2) in charge and discharge process, three-dimensional structure is configured with beneficial to lithium ion and electronics in various dimensions conducting path
Shuttle, improve ion and electron conductivity.Activated carbon present in three-dimensional structure, further shorten between nano-sulfur particles with
And nano-sulfur and the conduction distance of graphene sheet layer, can preferably improve sulfur electrode electric conductivity and restricted activity material sulphur in electrode
Volumetric expansion in reaction, reaches the purpose for improving electrochemical performance of sulfur electrode；
(3) the activated carbon atom in composite serves not only as the support frame of sulphur-containing substance, can effectively overcome and fill
The volumetric expansion of the sulphur-containing substance in discharge process, the chemical adsorption to sulphur effectively reduces shuttle effect, and charcoal also conduct
The conduction connector of sulphur, improves the cycle life of lithium-sulfur cell；
(4) preparation method of the lithium sulfur battery anode material is used raw material is cheap and easy to get, preparation process is simple, flow
Short, process is easily controlled, easily realizes industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sulphur, Graphene/activated carbon, the XRD of Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite that embodiment 1 is obtained；
Fig. 2 is electrification of the Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite that obtains of embodiment 1 as lithium sulfur battery anode material
Learn performance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) graphene oxide is prepared using Hummers methods；(Hummers methods are existing disclosed methods, no longer thin herein
State), take in 20mg graphene oxides addition 10mL deionized waters, ultrasonic 1h obtains 2mg/mL graphene oxide suspensions；
(2) by 3mg acid-treated activated carbon, (acid treatment process is：1st, the activated carbon of 5g is added to 50mL mass hundred
During point concentration is 68% concentrated nitric acid, the suspension of mixing is placed in 1h is stirred in magnetic stirring apparatus；2nd, by gained suspension in 1
Centrifugation obtains the activated carbon of acid treatment；3rd, treated activated carbon massive laundering is finally placed in drying box up to pH value is 7
10h is dried at 60 DEG C) it is added in the graphene oxide suspension of 1.5mL (2mg/mL), ultrasound 10min at room temperature, then
10min is stood at room temperature；
(3) the mixed solution 1mL obtained in (2) is taken, the sodium ascorbate solution of 20mg 1mol/L is subsequently adding, afterwards
It is placed in oil bath pan, 120min is heated at 100 DEG C, obtains Graphene hydrogel；
(4) the Graphene hydrogel that will be obtained in (3) is placed in drying box in 12h is dried at 60 DEG C, obtains Graphene/work
Property carbon composite；
(5) Graphene/activated carbon that will be obtained in (4) and sulphur mass ratio are 1:1 is fully ground 3h, and ball milling is selected in grinding
Machine, is put in tube furnace under an argon atmosphere in 10h is calcined at 155 DEG C afterwards, obtains Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur anode composite
Material；
(6) Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur positive electrode for obtaining embodiment 1 is poly- with conductive agent Super P and binding agent inclined
PVF (PVDF) is with mass ratio 8：1：1 is fully ground mixing is made into slurry, and even application applies thickness in aluminum foil current collector
Degree is about 0.3mm, in drying 12h at 60 DEG C.Dry positive plate is cut into disk, positive plate and lithium cathode sheet are assembled
To button cell.
Fig. 1 is sulphur, Graphene/activated carbon, the X-ray diffractogram of Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite.As illustrated,
The XRD of Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite, without obvious sulphur characteristic peak, shows that sulphur is dispersed in unformed shape multiple
In condensation material, sulphur carbon is well mixed, and further illustrates preparation technology good.
Chemical property analysis (BTS-5V5mA, new prestige) is carried out to prepared battery.Fig. 2 is obtained by the present embodiment
Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur composite as lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode charging and discharging curve figure：As seen from the figure, Graphene/activity
Head week discharge capacity of the charcoal/sulphur composite in the case where multiplying power is 0.1C is up to 904mAh/g.
Embodiment 2
(1) graphene oxide is prepared using Hummers methods, is taken in 40mg graphene oxides addition 10mL deionized waters, surpassed
Sound 3h, obtains 4mg/mL graphene oxide suspensions；
(2) the acid-treated activated carbons of 3mg are added in the graphene oxide suspension of 1.5mL (4mg/mL), in room
The lower ultrasound 10min of temperature, then stands 10min at room temperature；
(3) the mixed solution 1mL obtained in (2) is taken, the sodium ascorbate solution of 60mg 1mol/L is subsequently adding, afterwards
It is placed in oil bath pan, 120min is heated at 100 DEG C, obtains Graphene hydrogel；
(4) the Graphene hydrogel that will be obtained in (3) is placed in drying box in 6h is dried at 90 DEG C, obtains Graphene/work
Property carbon composite；
(5) Graphene/absorbent charcoal composite material that will be obtained in (4) and sulphur mass ratio are 1:1 is fully ground 3h, grinding choosing
With ball mill, it is put in afterwards in tube furnace under an argon atmosphere in 5h is calcined at 170 DEG C, obtains Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur and be combined
Positive electrode；
(6) Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur positive electrode for obtaining embodiment 2 is poly- with conductive agent Super P and binding agent inclined
PVF (PVDF) is with mass ratio 8：1：1 is fully ground mixing is made into slurry, and even application applies thickness in aluminum foil current collector
Degree is about 0.3mm, in drying 12h at 60 DEG C.Dry positive plate is cut into disk, positive plate and lithium cathode sheet are assembled
To button cell.
The characterization result and electrochemical performance data of resulting materials are approximate with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) graphene oxide is prepared using Hummers methods；Take in 20mg graphene oxides addition 10mL deionized waters, surpass
Sound 1h, obtains 2mg/mL graphene oxide suspensions；
(2) the acid-treated activated carbons of 3mg are added in the graphene oxide suspension of 1.5mL (2mg/mL), in room
The lower ultrasound 10min of temperature, then stands 10min at room temperature；
(3) the mixed solution 1mL obtained in (2) is taken, the sodium ascorbate solution of 20mg 2mol/L is subsequently adding, afterwards
It is placed in oil bath pan, 120min is heated at 100 DEG C, obtains Graphene hydrogel；
(4) the Graphene hydrogel that will be obtained in (3) is placed in drying box in 12h is dried at 60 DEG C, obtains Graphene/work
Property carbon composite；
(5) Graphene/activated carbon that will be obtained in (4) and sulphur mass ratio are 1:1 is fully ground 3h, and ball milling is selected in grinding
Machine, is put in tube furnace under an argon atmosphere in 10h is calcined at 155 DEG C afterwards, obtains Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur anode composite
Material；
(6) Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur positive electrode for obtaining embodiment 1 is poly- with conductive agent Super P and binding agent inclined
PVF (PVDF) is with mass ratio 8：1：1 is fully ground mixing is made into slurry, and even application applies thickness in aluminum foil current collector
Degree is about 0.3mm, in drying 12h at 60 DEG C.Dry positive plate is cut into disk, positive plate and lithium cathode sheet are assembled
To button cell.
The characterization result and electrochemical performance data of resulting materials are approximate with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
(1) graphene oxide is prepared using Hummers methods；Take in 20mg graphene oxides addition 10mL deionized waters, surpass
Sound 1h, obtains 2mg/mL graphene oxide suspensions；
(2) the acid-treated activated carbons of 2mg are added in the graphene oxide suspension of 1.5mL (2mg/mL), in room
The lower ultrasound 10min of temperature, then stands 10min at room temperature；
(3) the mixed solution 1mL obtained in (2) is taken, the sodium ascorbate solution of 20mg 1mol/L is subsequently adding, afterwards
It is placed in oil bath pan, 120min is heated at 100 DEG C, obtains Graphene hydrogel；
(4) the Graphene hydrogel that will be obtained in (3) is placed in drying box in 12h is dried at 60 DEG C, obtains Graphene/work
Property carbon composite；
(5) Graphene/activated carbon that will be obtained in (4) and sulphur mass ratio are 1:2 are fully ground 3h, and ball milling is selected in grinding
Machine, is put in tube furnace under an argon atmosphere in 10h is calcined at 155 DEG C afterwards, obtains Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur anode composite
Material；
(6) Graphene/activated carbon/sulphur positive electrode for obtaining embodiment 1 is poly- with conductive agent Super P and binding agent inclined
PVF (PVDF) is with mass ratio 8：1：1 is fully ground mixing is made into slurry, and even application applies thickness in aluminum foil current collector
Degree is about 0.3mm, in drying 12h at 60 DEG C.Dry positive plate is cut into disk, positive plate and lithium cathode sheet are assembled
To button cell.
The characterization result and electrochemical performance data of resulting materials are approximate with embodiment 1.
Unaccomplished matter of the present invention is known technology.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of anode composite material, it is characterized by the method is comprised the following steps：
（1）Add graphene oxide into deionized water, then ultrasonic disperse 1-3h, obtains graphene oxide suspension；
Wherein, 10-40mg graphene oxides are added per 10mL deionized waters；
（2）Acid-treated activated carbon is added to step（1）Graphene oxide suspension in, ultrasonic disperse at room temperature,
Then stand at room temperature, obtain mixed solution；Wherein, activated carbon and the mass ratio of graphene oxide are 1:1~3；Every milliliter hangs
Supernatant liquid adds 1-4mg activated carbons；
（3）Take（2）In the mixed solution that obtains, be subsequently adding sodium ascorbate solution, heat 120-240min at 100 DEG C, obtain
To Graphene hydrogel；Wherein, add 20-100mg sodium ascorbate solutions per 1mL mixed solutions, sodium ascorbate solution it is dense
It is 0.5mol/L-2 mol/L to spend；
（4）Will（3）In the Graphene hydrogel that obtains be placed in drying box and dry 6-24h at 60-90 DEG C, obtain Graphene/
Absorbent charcoal composite material；
（5）Will（4）In Graphene/absorbent charcoal composite material for obtaining and sulphur mass ratio be 1:1 ~ 2 is fully ground 2-6h, Zhi Hou
In 3-15h is calcined at 150-200 DEG C under argon gas atmosphere, anode composite material is obtained.
2. the preparation method of anode composite material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by described step（2）Middle activated carbon
Acid treatment method, comprises the following steps：
The activated carbon of 5g is added in the concentrated nitric acid of 50mL, the suspension of mixing is placed in magnetic stirring apparatus and is stirred, is centrifuged
Separate；Finally washed up to pH value is 7, obtained final product after drying.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107768637A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-06 | 河源广工大协同创新研究院 | A kind of preparation method of porous graphene/carbon nanotube lithium sulphur positive electrode |
| CN108963206A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-07 | 渤海大学 | A kind of V for potassium sulphur cell positive electrode2O5The preparation method of/S/PVA composite material and its electrode slice |
| CN109378475A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Three-dimensional grapheme carried metal compound composite material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109461594A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-12 | 重庆中科超容科技有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional porous graphene/active carbon electrode material of the doping of high voltage and preparation method thereof |
| CN110660977A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2020-01-07 | 太原理工大学 | Lithium-sulfur electrochemical energy storage system and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108963206A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-07 | 渤海大学 | A kind of V for potassium sulphur cell positive electrode2O5The preparation method of/S/PVA composite material and its electrode slice |
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| CN109378475A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Three-dimensional grapheme carried metal compound composite material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109461594A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-12 | 重庆中科超容科技有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional porous graphene/active carbon electrode material of the doping of high voltage and preparation method thereof |
| CN109461594B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2023-02-28 | 重庆中科超容科技有限公司 | High-voltage-resistance doped three-dimensional porous graphene/activated carbon electrode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110660977A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2020-01-07 | 太原理工大学 | Lithium-sulfur electrochemical energy storage system and preparation method thereof |
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