CN106784526B - A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof as lithium ion battery - Google Patents
A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof as lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106784526B CN106784526B CN201611192413.XA CN201611192413A CN106784526B CN 106784526 B CN106784526 B CN 106784526B CN 201611192413 A CN201611192413 A CN 201611192413A CN 106784526 B CN106784526 B CN 106784526B
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- ceramic
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- diaphragm
- coating membrane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof as lithium ion battery.Commercial lithium ion battery separator ceramic powders after the processing of the hydro-thermal reaction of aqueous slkali, are mixed with binder and solvent, are sprayed on diaphragm by electrostatic spraying processes by the present invention.Compared with before coating, the diaphragm after coating has preferable heat resistance, higher mechanical strength and high imbibition rate.Ceramic coating after electrostatic spraying processes spray is uniformly and fine and close, has biggish contribution in imbibition rate, heat resistance and intensity for improving.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, be related to a kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Pith of the diaphragm as lithium ion battery, play insulation, barrier positive and negative anodes prevent short circuit effect, meanwhile,
It is required that diaphragm has good absorbent, absorption electrolyte, transmission lithium ion.But lithium ion battery is in use not
Crack that will appear of avoiding overcharges, high temperature, extreme cases, the appearance of these situations such as short circuit may be such that diaphragm destroys between the teeth, from
And irreversible mechanical and thermal damage is caused to battery, eventually lead to the generation of safety problem.General common diaphragm is mainly
Polypropylene diaphragm, polyethylene diagrams or polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene composite materials diaphragm.Although polyalkene diaphragm has certain
Mechanical strength and thermal stability, and at high temperature can closed pore prevent the ability of battery short circuit, but its mechanical strength and heat
Required ideal value is still not achieved in performance.In long-term circulation, battery can generate Li dendrite and pierce through diaphragm, cause positive and negative
Extremely short road, or due to the short circuit that the temperature anomaly in use process is high and diaphragm retracts is caused seriously to generate, finally can all lead
Send a telegraph the safety problem of core.In addition, the surface of common polyalkene diaphragm can be lower, molecule segment is nonpolarity, thus with pole
Property electrolyte can not preferably interact, therefore diaphragm is poor to the wellability of electrolyte, and battery core impedance increases, cycle performance
Decline.
Currently, it is technical to concentrate on ceramic coated substantially to the research of diaphragm.Ceramic coated is a kind of effective method, nothing
Organic coating has preferable mechanical structure, and the heat of diaphragm is reduced when can promote the mechanical strength of diaphragm to a certain extent, be heated
It shrinks.The absorbency of diaphragm is also increased simultaneously, and prevents diaphragm from aoxidizing under high voltages.General ceramic powder particle
It is larger, it is unable to fully uniform fold membrane surface when coating, and rotogravure application precision is typically small.Electrostatic spraying method
Simply, coating uniformity and thickness can preferably be controlled.
Summary of the invention
The ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof that it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of as lithium ion battery,
A kind of imbibition rate, thermal stability and the preferable ceramic coating membrane of mechanical strength are provided simultaneously.Another object of the present invention is
In order to provide application of the above-mentioned diaphragm in lithium ion battery.
The present invention is as lithium ion battery ceramic coating membrane, including conventional lithium ion battery diaphragm, and is attached to
Specific step is as follows for composite ceramic layer (coating layer thickness: 1~5 μm) preparation on lithium ion battery separator surface:
Step (1): being configured to mixed solution for ceramic powders, sodium hydroxide, deionized water and stir evenly, and stirring is equal
Even solution is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, after reaction terminates, cools down, solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, is handled
Ceramic powders afterwards, and dry stand-by；
Step (2): by step (1), treated that ceramic powders, binder and solvent mix in proportion, wherein treated
The mass ratio of ceramic powders and binder is 3~5:1, and the mass ratio of solvent and solute is 4:1, is placed in mechanical stirring under room temperature
6~10 hours, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor；
Step (3): a certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity
Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metal plate of ground connection, and adjustment operating voltage is
20KV, distance is received as 10cm, flow rate 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated；It is answered what electrostatic spray obtained
Diaphragm is closed at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours in baking oven, to completely remove residual solvent, make binder, ceramic powders with every
Film is firmly combined, and obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite diaphragm.
Preferably, in the step (1), ceramic powders, sodium hydroxide, deionized water mass ratio be 1:1:16；Hydro-thermal
Reaction temperature is 130 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30 minutes；Drying temperature is 90 DEG C.
Preferably, the binder is Kynoar, in polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylic acid formicester
It is one or more.
Preferably, the ceramic powders are A12O3、TiO2、MgO、SiO2One of.The lithium ion battery every
Film is polyethylene film, polypropylene screen, polyester film, polyimide film or PA membrane.The solvent is N ' N dimethyl pyrroles
One of alkanone, N ' N-dimethylformamide, acetone, deionized water are a variety of.
The ceramic coating membrane of the method preparation, it is characterised in that including lithium ion battery separator, and be attached to lithium
The composite ceramic layer of ion battery membrane surface.The coating layer thickness of the composite ceramic layer is 1~5 μm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The hydro-thermal process of sodium hydroxide solution can moderately change the bond conjunction state between ceramic lattice and (OH), make pottery
More (OH) keys of porcelain adsorption.In electrostatic spraying processes preparation process, ceramic slurry is sprayed with drops, can be preferably
It is contacted with membrane surface.Higher imbibition rate can guarantee the quick conduction of lithium ion simultaneously, reduce the potential difference at diaphragm both ends,
Realize the charge and discharge under big multiplying power.Inorganic ceramic thermal stability and electrochemical stability are strong, and the heat resistance of diaphragm can be improved
And mechanical strength.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is coating front and back membrane surface feature image；
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of the different embodiments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by general below, due in diaphragm preparation process of the present invention
It is more to be related to variable, it is for reference only to list wherein several embodiments herein.Wherein embodiment 1~3 is that different tests are real
Example, embodiment 4 are diaphragm quantitative measurement, and embodiment 5 is that diaphragm prepared by Examples 1 to 3 is assembled into button cell,
And the charge and discharge under 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 3C and 5C different multiplying, test the performance of its capacity.
Embodiment 1:
Step (1): alumina ceramic powder, sodium hydroxide, deionized water are configured to mixed solution with 1:1:16 and stirred
It mixes uniformly.The solution stirred evenly is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is reacted 30 minutes at 130 DEG C.After reaction terminates, cools down,
Solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, the ceramic powders that obtain that treated, and dry at 90 DEG C stand-by.
Step (2): by alumina ceramic powder, Kynoar binder and N ' N dimethyl pyrrolidinone solvent press than
(ceramics and binder mass ratio 3:1, solid and solvent quality ratio 1:4), it is small to be placed in mechanical stirring 6~10 under room temperature for example mixing
When, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor；
Step (3): a certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity
Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metal plate of ground connection.Adjusting operating voltage is
20KV, distance is received as 10cm, flow rate 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated.It is answered what electrostatic spray obtained
Diaphragm is closed at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours in baking oven, to completely remove residual solvent, make binder, ceramic powders with every
Film is firmly combined, and obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite diaphragm.
Embodiment 2:
Step (1): alumina ceramic powder, sodium hydroxide, deionized water are configured to mixed solution with 1:1:16 and stirred
It mixes uniformly.The solution stirred evenly is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is reacted 30 minutes at 130 DEG C.After reaction terminates, cools down,
Solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, the ceramic powders that obtain that treated, and dry at 90 DEG C stand-by.
Step (2): by alumina ceramic powder, Kynoar binder and N ' N dimethyl pyrrolidinone solvent press than
(ceramics and binder mass ratio 4:1, solid and solvent quality ratio 1:4), it is small to be placed in mechanical stirring 6~10 under room temperature for example mixing
When, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor；
Step (3): a certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity
Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metal plate of ground connection.Adjusting operating voltage is
20KV, distance is received as 10cm, flow rate 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated.It is answered what electrostatic spray obtained
Diaphragm is closed at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours in baking oven, to completely remove residual solvent, make binder, ceramic powders with every
Film is firmly combined, and obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite diaphragm.
Embodiment 3:
Step (1): alumina ceramic powder, sodium hydroxide, deionized water are configured to mixed solution with 1:1:16 and stirred
It mixes uniformly.The solution stirred evenly is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is reacted 30 minutes at 130 DEG C.After reaction terminates, cools down,
Solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, the ceramic powders that obtain that treated, and dry at 90 DEG C stand-by.
Step (2): by alumina ceramic powder, Kynoar binder and N ' N dimethyl pyrrolidinone solvent press than
(ceramics and binder mass ratio 5:1, solid and solvent quality ratio 1:4), it is small to be placed in mechanical stirring 6~10 under room temperature for example mixing
When, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor；
Step (3): a certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity
Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metal plate of ground connection.Adjusting operating voltage is
20KV, distance is received as 10cm, flow rate 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated.It is answered what electrostatic spray obtained
Diaphragm is closed at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours in baking oven, to completely remove residual solvent, make binder, ceramic powders with every
Film is firmly combined, and obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite diaphragm.
Embodiment 4: diaphragm quantitative measurement
A. the imbibition rate test of composite ceramics coating diaphragm.The diaphragm of coating front and back is immersed in commercial electrolyte liquid and is taken after 2h
Out, the unabsorbed electrolyte of excess surface is removed, weighs, tests its imbibition rate.
Wherein d2For quality of weighing after imbibition, d1For quality of weighing before imbibition
B. the mechanical strength test of composite ceramics coating diaphragm.Coating front and back diaphragm is cut into a certain size, in omnipotent drawing
Its tensile strength and puncture strength are tested on force tester.
C. the thermal contraction performance of composite ceramics coating diaphragm.Front and back diaphragm will be coated, smooth is put into 130 DEG C of baking ovens.
It is taken out after 1h, measures its thermal contraction.
Wherein l1For the length before baking, l2For the length after baking.
D. diaphragm permeability test.Ceramic coating membrane is placed in air penetrability tester, test 100ml gas passes through institute
The time needed.
Example 5: the electric performance test of composite ceramics coating diaphragm
Diaphragm made from embodiment 1~3, positive plate, negative electrode tab are punched into the disk of 10mm, it is auxiliary by cathode of lithium piece
Electrode is helped, button cell is made successively with anode cover, anode pole piece, target diaphragm, cathode pole piece, lithium piece, the sequence of negative electrode casing.
Button cell is subjected to charge and discharge cycles test between 2.5~3.65V.
Comparison example:
A., polypropylene diaphragm without ceramic coating is carried out to the test of physical property
B., polypropylene diaphragm, positive plate, negative electrode tab are punched into the disk of 10mm, using lithium piece as cathode auxiliary electrode, with
Button cell is successively made in anode cover, anode pole piece, target diaphragm, cathode pole piece, lithium piece, the sequence of negative electrode casing.By button electricity
Pond carries out charge and discharge cycles test between 2.5~3.65V.
Attached: table 1 is diaphragm physical properties results, and Fig. 1 is coating front and back membrane surface feature image；Fig. 2 be the present invention not
With the electrical schematic diagram of embodiment.
1 diaphragm physical property of table
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of the ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that this method includes following step
It is rapid:
Step (1): being configured to mixed solution for ceramic powders, sodium hydroxide, deionized water and stir evenly, by what is stirred evenly
Solution is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, after reaction terminates, cools down, solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, obtains that treated
Ceramic powders, and dry stand-by；In the step (1), ceramic powders, sodium hydroxide, deionized water mass ratio be 1:1:16；
Hydrothermal temperature is 130 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30 minutes；Drying temperature is 90 DEG C；The ceramic powders are A12O3、
TiO2、MgO、 SiO2One of；
Step (2): by step (1), treated that ceramic powders, binder and solvent mix in proportion, wherein treated ceramics
The mass ratio of powder and binder is 3 ~ 5:1, and the mass ratio of solvent and solid is 4:1, is placed in mechanical stirring 6 ~ 10 under room temperature
Hour, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor；
Step (3): a certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, external power supply is pressed from both sides
Firmly syringe needle, then by lithium ion battery separator tiling be fixed on the metal plate of ground connection, adjustment operating voltage be 20KV,
Receiving distance is 10cm, flow rate 0.1ml/min, obtains the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated；By electrostatic spray obtain it is compound every
Film is 3 ~ 4 hours dry in baking oven at 65 ~ 70 DEG C, to completely remove residual solvent, makes binder, ceramic powders in conjunction with diaphragm
Securely, the ceramic coating membrane of lithium ion battery is obtained.
2. the preparation method of the ceramic coating membrane as described in claim 1 as lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that institute
The binder stated is one of Kynoar, polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or a variety of.
3. the preparation method of the ceramic coating membrane as described in claim 1 as lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that institute
The lithium ion battery separator stated is polyethylene film, polypropylene screen, polyester film, polyimide film or PA membrane.
4. the preparation method of the ceramic coating membrane as described in claim 1 as lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that institute
The solvent stated is one of N ' N dimethyl pyrrolidones, N ' N-dimethylformamide, acetone, deionized water or a variety of.
5. a kind of ceramic coating membrane of method as described in claim 1 preparation, it is characterised in that including lithium ion battery separator,
And it is attached to the composite ceramic layer on lithium ion battery separator surface.
6. ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the coating layer thickness of the composite ceramic layer be 1 ~
5µm。
7. application of the ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 5 in lithium ion battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611192413.XA CN106784526B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof as lithium ion battery |
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| CN201611192413.XA CN106784526B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof as lithium ion battery |
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| CN106784526A CN106784526A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106784526B true CN106784526B (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108091806B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2021-11-26 | 江西省通瑞新能源科技发展有限公司 | Lithium ion battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof |
| CN109599523A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-09 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN111834591B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-04-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Porous diaphragm, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
| CN112259901B (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-03-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Gluing diaphragm for lithium ion battery and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112259915B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-07-12 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | Battery composite diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114552117A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-27 | 西安理工大学 | Inorganic substance modified polymer composite diaphragm for battery and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103059613A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Lithium ion battery safe coating and preparation method thereof |
| JP2015159053A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-03 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | battery separator |
| CN105845873A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-10 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm coated with polyvinylidene fluoride, and preparation method therefor |
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- 2016-12-21 CN CN201611192413.XA patent/CN106784526B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103059613A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Lithium ion battery safe coating and preparation method thereof |
| JP2015159053A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-03 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | battery separator |
| CN105845873A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-10 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm coated with polyvinylidene fluoride, and preparation method therefor |
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Effective date of registration: 20210527 Address after: No.72, landscape Avenue, Qingshanhu street, Lin'an City, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: ZHEJIANG NARADA POWER SOURCE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: HANGZHOU NANDU POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Zhejiang Nandu Hongxin Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.72, landscape Avenue, Qingshanhu street, Lin'an City, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: ZHEJIANG NARADA POWER SOURCE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: HANGZHOU NANDU POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |