CN106782734B - A kind of middle cool waste processing method - Google Patents
A kind of middle cool waste processing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106782734B CN106782734B CN201710049353.4A CN201710049353A CN106782734B CN 106782734 B CN106782734 B CN 106782734B CN 201710049353 A CN201710049353 A CN 201710049353A CN 106782734 B CN106782734 B CN 106782734B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- gas
- inlet
- high temperature
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/14—Processing by incineration; by calcination, e.g. desiccation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/32—Processing by incineration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to middle cool waste processing technology field,It is related to a kind of middle cool waste processing method,Realized in middle cool waste processing unit,For handling hospital,Factory,Research institution and nuclear power plant produce the combustable organic class discarded object for including radioactive substance,The volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization,Volume reduction rate is more than 95%,Cool waste accumulating amount is big in solution,Store difficult problem,It starts heating unit first,Then burner is started,Restart spray washing tower to be pre-processed,Then feed,It is pyrolyzed,Burning and catalytic reaction,Discharged after final purification,Its process is simple,Principle is reliable,Volume reduction rate is high,Solidification effect is good,Application environment is friendly,Investment and operation cost are low,Energy conservation and environmental protection,With good economic efficiency and vast market prospect.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to middle cool waste processing technology field, is related to a kind of middle cool waste processing method,
Realized in middle cool waste processing unit, include and put for handling hospital, factory, research institution and nuclear power plant's generation
The combustable organic class discarded object of penetrating property material, the volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste, volume reduction rate exceed in realization
95%.
Background technology：
Classify from technological layer, radwaste is broadly divided into high radioactivity and low two class of middle radioactivity.High radioactivity is put
Injectivity waste mainly includes spentnuclear fuel and its processed material that nuclear fuel produces after power generation；Middle cool waste generally comprises core
Hydration system, exchanger resin when the contaminated equipment in power station, detection device, operation, waste water and waste liquid；Further include hospital, factory, grind
Study carefully the discarded object that the generations such as mechanism and nuclear power plant include radioactive substance, such as clothing, stationery, test tool, in low radiation
Property waste accounted for the 99% of all radwastes, wherein, it is most of produced for nuclear power plant it is useless comprising radioactive substance
Gurry, the harmfulness of middle cool waste is relatively low, but radwaste is with unique properties, makes it very numb in processes
It is tired：1. radioactivity：The radioactivity of radwaste cannot be eliminated with general physics, chemistry and biological method, can only be by radiation
The decay of property nucleic itself and reduce.2. radio-hazard：When the ray that radwaste is released passes through material, ionization occurs and swashs
Breaking-out is used, and can cause radiation injury to organism.3. thermal energy discharges：Radionuclide releases energy by decaying in radwaste
Amount, when radionuclide amount is higher, the thermal energy of release can cause the temperature of radwaste constantly to rise, or even make solution
Voluntarily seethe with excitement, solid voluntarily melts.
Radwaste how is effectively handled, while can maximumlly reduce radwaste volume, is always generation
The pendent problem in various countries of boundary, the U.S. has carried out the research up to 20 years in the problem, and consumes multi-billion dollar
Expenditure.Processing and disposal requirement of the International Atomic Energy Agency for radwaste are very tight, and require various countries to act in accordance with it, and
And various countries will receive international supervision when launching.The processing of centering cool waste, International Atomic Energy Agency require, whether
Solid radioactive waste or liquid radioactive wastes, will carry out curing process, and it is inner to be subsequently installed in closing " container ", is placed on shallow
In the disposal storehouse on stratum.Middle cool waste is because its harm is relatively low, and current way is to be excavated on ground deeply about in the world
10-20 meters of trench, then builds up various radiation protection engineering barriers, the radwaste tank that will be cured by incinerating compression
It is put into wherein and buries, after a period of time, the radioactive substance in these wastes will decay into harmless material, this
Kind method passes through the development of decades, although technology is very ripe, needs to take substantial amounts of nuclear waste stockyard space.With
The development of China's Nuclear Electricity, low solid waste of putting reaches tens thousand of cubic meters during Chinese Nuclear Industry In The Past system is accumulated, and China has
The radwaste stockyard space of limit far can not meet the requirement that low-level waste stores in future, therefore, using reliable
Treatment process, realizes that centering cool waste volume reduction harmless treatment is extremely urgent.
The content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to overcome shortcoming existing in the prior art, seek to design a kind of middle cool waste processing
Method, the problem that cool waste accumulating amount is big in solution, storage is difficult, the volume reduction of cool waste and harmless in realization
Change is handled.
To achieve these goals, the concrete technology step of middle cool waste processing method of the present invention is：
(1) heating unit is started：Start the heating unit of pyrolysis reactor, the temperature for setting the first temperature controller is 300-
600℃；
(2) burner is started：Start automatic oil burning circuit oil pump, open two-stage electromagnetic valve automatic ignition and sequentially burn,
When the partially stabilized burning of burner fuel, the temperature for keeping combustion chamber is 800-1300 DEG C, and pyrolysis gas enters burner combustion, i.e.,
Burner is burnt by center section oil atomizing, adjusts amount of fuel using automatic oil burning circuit oil pump, servomotor adjusts inlet air
Mouth ensures that pyrolysis gas fully burns；
(3) spray washing tower is started：Start the water circulating pump and air-introduced machine of spray washing tower, prerun 3-5 minutes successively
Afterwards；
(4) feed：Middle cool waste and solid catalyst are sent into closing feed system by feed inlet, closed close
Seal inlet valve；Start spiral propeller under conditions of anoxybiotic or anoxic, set rotating speed to promote material complete for 1-5 revs/min
Into pyrolysis reactor；The dosage of the solid catalyst is the 0.5-2% of middle cool waste gross mass；
(5) pyrolytic reaction：The pyrolysis under solid catalyst effect of middle cool waste is gas and solid residue, in it is low
The radioactive element of 95%-98% is rested on to export through solid residue in solid residue and discharged in radwaste, is uniformly sealed up for safekeeping
And cement solidification is handled；The radioactive element of 2%-5% enters burner with the gas of generation；
(6) burning and catalytic reaction：The radioactive element of 2%-5% is fully atomized combustion with fuel oil with the gas of generation
Burn, the mixed gas for generation of burning enters catalytic converter, under the action of solid catalyst, by a unburned complete oxidation
Carbon and hydrocarbon conversion are into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and pass through the second air inlet
It is discharged into flow container；
(7) purification reaction：After the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen enters flow container, spray washing tower main body
On nozzle from top spray alkalescent absorbent solution, component and the concentration of alkalescent absorbent solution low-activity will be given up in
The component of thing determines, and is contacted with the mixed gas full regression of high temperature and carry out purification reaction, and corrosion-resistant circulating water pump can follow
Ring spray drenches alkalescent absorbent solution so that the acidic components in mixed gas are fully absorbed by alkalescent absorbent solution；Only a few
Volatility radionuclide is trapped by alkalescent absorbent solution；
(8) discharge：Gas evacuates discharge by air-introduced machine through exhaust outlet after monitoring qualified purification；Used in spray washing tower
Before alkalescent absorbent solution Radionuclide reaches the discharge upper limit, it is discharged into waste water pipe network water from osculum, it is centralized and unified
Processing, then adds new alkalescent absorbent solution by water inlet and feeding opening；Step 4- steps 7 are repeated to continue to throw
Material, with the stabilization of pyrolysis apparatus working status, feeding amount is gradually increased to the specified treating capacity of pyrolysis apparatus, low-activity in realization
The volume reduction and harmless treatment of waste.
The solid catalyst is preferably the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and cement solidification effect is good；The burner
Fuel be diesel oil, or be lubricating oil.
The master of middle cool waste processing unit used by middle cool waste processing method of the present invention
Structure is wanted to include pyrolysis reactor, burner, catalytic converter, spray washing tower and high temperature-resistive pipeline, pyrolysis reactor, burning
Communicated between device, catalytic converter, spray washing tower by high temperature-resistive pipeline, the pyrolysis reactor includes heating unit, envelope
Close feed system, spiral propeller, closing discharge system, electric furnace, the first temperature controller and motor；The closing feed system
Include feed inlet and sealing inlet valve；The spiral propeller includes worm screw and feed pipe；The closing discharge system includes solid
Body solid discharge, sealing material discharging valve and gas vent；The burner includes combustion head and burner body, burner body bag
Valve containing two-stage electromagnetic, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump, servomotor, air inlet and the first air inlet；Outside the catalytic converter
Equipped with insulating layer, internal filling solid catalyst；The spray washing tower include flow container, spray washing tower main body, water circulating pump,
Air-introduced machine, spray tube, inlet opening, fluid hole, nozzle, the second air inlet, exhaust outlet, exhaust pipe, osculum；Horizontally disposed spiral shell
Rotation propeller is made of the feed pipe of worm screw and hollow structure, and feed pipe is internally provided with worm screw, and the outer pipe wall of feed pipe twines
Wound to be provided with heating unit and form heating layer, the heating unit is resistive heater, and the outside of heating unit is equipped with case
The electric furnace of formula structure, electric furnace include flame retardant coating and insulating layer, electric furnace and the first temperature controller successively from the inside to the outside
It is electrically connected, the first temperature controller is used to control the pyrolysis temperature in heating unit, realizes that material is fully pyrolyzed；The input terminal of feed pipe
It is connected with the bottom for the closing feed system being vertically arranged, closing feed system includes feed inlet and sealing inlet valve, sealing
Inlet valve is used for sealed feed inlet so that pyrolysis reactor can be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic, spiral propeller
Input terminal is electrically connected with motor, and motor band dynamic spiral propeller rotates and controls fltting speed, it is ensured that the thing in pyrolysis reactor
Matter is pyrolyzed completely, and the output terminal of feed pipe is equipped with closing discharge system, and closing discharge system includes solid residue outlet, is sealed into
Expect valve and gas vent, solid residue outlet is sealed by sealing inlet valve, connected with three industrial wastes processing system pipe network,
For discharging discarded object residue；Gas vent is connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline with the first air inlet set on burner, combustion
Burner is explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, and burner includes combustion head and burner body, the combustion head and burner of burner
Main body is communicated using heat-resisting material and duct type, and combustion head is concentric annular structure, and outer shroud is gas port, and inner ring is fuel oil
Mouthful, be equipped with the combustion chamber of case structure outside combustion head, burner body include two-stage electromagnetic valve, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump,
Servomotor, air inlet and the first air inlet, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump are equipped with two-stage electromagnetic valve, two-stage electromagnetic valve and servo
Motor is electrically connected, and the top of burner body is equipped with the first air inlet, and the bottom of burner body is equipped with air inlet, automatic oil burning
Circuit oil pump realizes the abundant burning of combustible by adjusting air inlet by adjusting amount of fuel, servomotor；Combustion head internal combustion
The tail gas produced after burning enters the input terminal of catalytic converter by high temperature-resistive pipeline, and catalytic converter is consolidated for high temperature resistant stainless steel
Body bed reactor, outside are equipped with insulating layer, internal filling solid catalyst, and the output terminal of catalytic converter passes through high temperature-resistive pipeline
It is connected with the second air inlet on spray washing tower, the bottom level of spray washing tower is provided with flow container, and the top of flow container is set
There is the second air inlet, the top of flow container is equipped with water inlet and feeding opening, and water inlet is used to inject industrial water, and feeding opening is used to note
Enter alkalescent absorbing liquid, the lower part of flow container is equipped with fluid hole, and fluid hole passes through spray tube and the columnar shower water being vertically arranged
Wash the inlet opening that the top of tower main body is equipped with to be connected, spray tube is equipped with water circulating pump, the spray of spray washing tower body interior
It is provided with more than one nozzle in shower pipe, the exhaust outlet that the top of spray washing tower main body is equipped with is through exhaust pipe and air-introduced machine phase
Connection；
The sealing inlet valve and sealing material discharging valve are double barrier valves, or are base-plate valve, or are Starlike valve so that pyrolysis apparatus
It is interior to maintain anoxic or the working status of anoxybiotic；
The spray washing tower main body is corrosion-resistant stainless steel material.
The present invention the first improvement project be：Catalytic converter structure is saved, the output terminal of burner passes through high temperature resistant
Pipeline is connected with the second air inlet of spray washing tower.
The present invention second of improved procedure be：Increase heat exchanger structure, the heat exchanger is the high temperature resistant with control valve
Pipeline, the input terminal of heat exchanger are communicated with burner tail gas outlet, and the output terminal of heat exchanger is communicated with catalytic converter, heat exchanger
High temperature-resistive pipeline be spirally arranged at the outside of burner fuel gas inlet pipeline, the high temperature after burning is made by high temperature-resistive pipeline
The gas of tail gas and burner inlet exchanges heat；Its processing step, difference lies in step (2), starts burner with the present invention
The control valve of front opening burner tail gas outlet, realizes burner tail gas and inlet gas heat exchange, improves burner inlet gas
Temperature, realize recycle heat utilize, reduce energy consumption.
The present invention the third improved procedure be：Increase heat exchanger structure, while save catalytic converter structure, it is described to change
Hot device is the high temperature-resistive pipeline with control valve, and the input terminal of heat exchanger is communicated with burner tail gas outlet, the output terminal of heat exchanger
Communicated with spray washing tower, the high temperature-resistive pipeline of heat exchanger is spirally arranged at the outside of burner fuel gas inlet pipeline, passes through
High temperature-resistive pipeline makes the gas of high-temperature tail gas and burner inlet after burning exchange heat；Its processing step and the first improvement
Mode starts the control valve of burner front opening burner tail gas outlet difference lies in step (2), realize burner tail gas and
Inlet gas exchanges heat, and improves the temperature of burner inlet gas, realizes that recycle heat utilizes, reduces energy consumption.
The operation principle of middle cool waste processing unit of the present invention is：By middle cool waste from charging
Mouthful closing feed system is sent into, by sealing inlet valve sealed feed inlet so that pyrolysis reactor can be in anoxic or anoxybiotic
Middle cool waste is pyrolyzed under environment, middle cool waste can be pyrolyzed as gas and solid residue, middle low-activity
The radioactive element of 95%-98% is rested in solid residue in waste, is exported and is discharged through solid residue, uniformly seals simultaneously cement up for safekeeping
Curing process；The radioactive element of 2%-5% enters burner with the gas of generation；Burner is aoxidized unburned complete one
Carbon and hydrocarbon conversion are into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and pass through the second air inlet
It is discharged into spray washing tower, alkalescent absorbent solution will be evacuated through exhaust outlet after gas purification and discharged in spray washing tower, weak base
Property absorbent solution is discharged into waste water pipe network, collection and uniform disposal.
Radioactivity is included compared with prior art, the present invention hospital, factory, research institution and nuclear power plant can be produced
The combustable organic class waste of material is treated as solid residue, facilitate it is follow-up seal up for safekeeping, landfill disposal, volume reduction rate is more than 95%；
Using gentle thermocatalytic degradation technique, combustable organic nucleoid protective articles and resinae waste can be handled；Core can be eliminated to put
Penetrate pollution and air environmental pollution；Radioactivity is extremely low and can be discharged into industrial wastewater pipe network without the waste water of organic cod；
Its process is simple, principle is reliable, and volume reduction rate is high, and solidification effect is good, and application environment is friendly, and investment and operation cost are low, section
Can be environmentally friendly, with good economic efficiency and vast market prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the processing step FB(flow block) of middle cool waste processing method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the agent structure principle schematic of middle cool waste processing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the agent structure principle schematic of embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is the agent structure principle schematic of embodiment 3.
Fig. 5 is the agent structure principle schematic of embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described further the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The concrete technology step for the middle cool waste processing method that the present embodiment is related to is：
(1) heating unit 11 is started：Start the heating unit 11 of pyrolysis reactor 1, the temperature of the first temperature controller 16 is set
For 300-600 DEG C；
(2) burner 2 is started：Start automatic oil burning circuit oil pump 24, open 23 automatic ignition of two-stage electromagnetic valve and sequentially
Burning, when the partially stabilized burning of burner fuel, the temperature for keeping combustion chamber 28 is 800-1300 DEG C, and pyrolysis gas enters burner
2 burnings, i.e., burner 2 is burnt by center section oil atomizing, and amount of fuel, servo electricity are adjusted using automatic oil burning circuit oil pump 24
Machine 25, which adjusts air inlet 26, ensures that pyrolysis gas fully burns；
(3) spray washing tower 3 is started：Start the water circulating pump 43 and air-introduced machine 44 of spray washing tower, prerun 3-5 successively
After minute；
(4) feed：Then middle cool waste and solid catalyst are sent into closing feed system by feed inlet 121
12, the solid catalyst is the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and closes sealing inlet valve 122；In anoxybiotic or the bar of anoxic
Start spiral propeller 13 under part, set rotating speed to promote material completely into pyrolysis reactor 1 for 1-5 revs/min；The solid
The dosage of catalyst is the 0.5-2% of middle cool waste gross mass；
(5) pyrolytic reaction：The pyrolysis under solid catalyst effect of middle cool waste is gas and solid residue, in it is low
The radioactive element of 95%-98% is rested in solid residue through 141 discharge of solid residue outlet, unified envelope in radwaste
Deposit and cement solidification is handled；The radioactive element of 2%-5% enters burner 2 with the gas of generation；
(6) burning and catalytic reaction：Radioactive element is with the gas and the abundant spray burning of fuel oil of generation, burning production
Raw mixed gas enters catalytic converter 3, under the action of catalyst 32, by unburned complete carbon monoxide and hydrocarbonization
Compound is converted into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and flow container is discharged into by the second air inlet 49
In 41；
(7) purification reaction：After sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, the mixed gas of water vapour and nitrogen enter flow container 41, spray
Nozzle 48 in water scrubber main body 42 sprays alkalescent absorbent solution from top, and component and the concentration of alkalescent absorbent solution want root
Determined according to the component of middle cool waste, and contacted with the mixed gas full regression of high temperature and carry out purification reaction, it is corrosion-resistant
Water circulating pump 43 being capable of circulated sprinkling alkalescent absorbent solution so that the acidic components in mixed gas are by alkalescent absorbent solution
Fully absorb；Only a few volatility radionuclide is trapped by alkalescent absorbent solution；
(8) discharge：Evacuated and discharged through exhaust outlet 50 by air-introduced machine 44 after gas cooling after the qualified purification of monitoring；Spray
Before alkalescent absorbent solution Radionuclide used in leaching water scrubber reaches the discharge upper limit, it is discharged into waste water pipe network from osculum 52
In, collection and uniform disposal, then adds new alkalescent absorbent solution by water inlet 53 and feeding opening 54；Repeat step
4- steps 7 continue to feed intake, and with the stabilization of pyrolysis apparatus working status, feeding amount is gradually increased to the specified treating capacity of pyrolysis apparatus,
The volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization.
The solid catalyst 32 is preferably the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and cement solidification effect is good；The burning
The fuel of device 2 is diesel oil, or is lubricating oil.
Middle cool waste processing unit used by the middle cool waste processing method that the present embodiment is related to
Agent structure includes pyrolysis reactor 1, burner 2, catalytic converter 3, spray washing tower 4 and high temperature-resistive pipeline 5, pyrolysis
Communicated between reactor 1, burner 2, catalytic converter 3, spray washing tower 4 by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5, pyrolysis reactor 1 wraps
Include heating unit 11, closing feed system 12, spiral propeller 13, closing discharge system 14, electric furnace 15, the first temperature controller
16 and motor 17, closing feed system 12 includes feed inlet 121 and sealing inlet valve 122, and spiral propeller 13 includes worm screw 131
With feed pipe 132, closing discharge system 14 includes solid residue outlet 141, sealing material discharging valve 142 and gas vent 143；It is described
Burner 2 includes combustion head 21 and burner body 22, and burner body 22 includes two-stage electromagnetic valve 23, automatic oil burning circuit oil
Pump 24, servomotor 25,26 and first air inlet 27 of air inlet；The outside of catalytic converter 3 is equipped with insulating layer 31, inside dress
Fill out solid catalyst 32；The spray washing tower 4 includes flow container 41, spray washing tower main body 42, water circulating pump 43, air-introduced machine
44th, spray tube 45, inlet opening 46, fluid hole 47, nozzle 48, the second air inlet 49, exhaust outlet 50, exhaust pipe 51, osculum 52,
Water inlet 53, feeding opening 54；Horizontally disposed spiral propeller 13 is made of the feed pipe 132 of worm screw 131 and hollow structure, into
Expects pipe 132 is internally provided with worm screw 131, and the outer pipe wall wound form of feed pipe 132 is provided with heating unit 11 and forms heating
Layer, the heating unit 11 are resistive heater, and the outside of heating unit 11 is equipped with the electric furnace 15 of case structure, electrical heating
Stove 15 includes flame retardant coating and insulating layer successively from the inside to the outside, and electric furnace 15 is electrically connected with the first temperature controller 16, the first temperature controller
16 are used to control the pyrolysis temperature in heating unit 11, realize that material is fully pyrolyzed；The input terminal of feed pipe 132 is with being vertically arranged
The bottom of closing feed system 12 be connected, closing feed system 12 includes feed inlet 121 and sealing inlet valve 122, sealing
Inlet valve 122 is used for sealed feed inlet 121 so that pyrolysis reactor 1 can be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic, spiral to push away
Input terminal into device 13 is electrically connected with motor 17, and motor 17 rotates with dynamic spiral propeller 13 and controls fltting speed, it is ensured that heat
Material in solution reactor is pyrolyzed completely, and the output terminal of feed pipe 132 is equipped with closing discharge system 14, and closing discharge system 14 wraps
Containing solid residue outlet 141, sealing inlet valve 142 and gas vent 143, solid residue outlet 141 is by sealing inlet valve 142
Sealed, connected with three industrial wastes processing system pipe network, for discharging discarded object residue；Gas vent 143 passes through high temperature resistant
Pipeline 5 is connected with the first air inlet 27 set on burner 2, and burner 2 is explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, burner 2
Comprising combustion head 21 and burner body 22, the combustion head 21 and burner body 22 of burner 2 using heat-resisting material and
Duct type communicates, and combustion head 21 is concentric annular structure, and outer shroud is gas port, and inner ring is fuel port, and the outside of combustion head 21 is equipped with
The combustion chamber 28 of case structure, burner body 22 include two-stage electromagnetic valve 23, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump 24, servomotor
25th, 26 and first air inlet 27 of air inlet, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump 24 are equipped with two-stage electromagnetic valve 23, two-stage electromagnetic valve 23 with
Servomotor 25 is electrically connected, and the top of burner body 22 is equipped with the first air inlet 27, the bottom of burner body 22 be equipped with into
Air port 26, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump 24 realize combustible by adjusting amount of fuel, servomotor 25 by adjusting air inlet 26
Abundant burning；The tail gas produced in combustion head 21 after burning enters the input terminal of catalytic converter 3 by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5,
Catalytic converter 3 is high temperature resistant stainless steel solid-bed reactor, and outside is equipped with insulating layer 31, internal filling solid catalyst 32,
The output terminal of catalytic converter 3 is connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5 with the second air inlet 49 on spray washing tower 4, shower water
The bottom level for washing tower 4 is provided with flow container 41, and the top of flow container 41 is equipped with the second air inlet 49, and the top of flow container 41 is equipped with water inlet
Mouth 53 and feeding opening 54, water inlet 53 are used to inject industrial water, and feeding opening 54 is used to inject alkalescent absorbing liquid, flow container 41
Lower part is equipped with fluid hole 47, and fluid hole 47 passes through spray tube 45 and the top for the columnar spray washing tower main body 42 being vertically arranged
The inlet opening 46 being equipped with is connected, and spray tube 45 is equipped with water circulating pump 43, the spray tube 45 inside spray washing tower main body 42
On be provided with more than one nozzle 48, the exhaust outlet 50 that the top of spray washing tower main body 42 is equipped with is through exhaust pipe 51 and air inducing
Machine 44 is connected；
The sealing inlet valve 122 and sealing material discharging valve 142 can replace with double partition plate valves, or be base-plate valve, or be
Star-like feed valve so that anoxic or the working status of anoxybiotic are maintained in pyrolysis apparatus；
The spray washing tower main body 42 is corrosion-resistant stainless steel material.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment and embodiment 1 save the step of adding solid catalyst 32 difference lies in step (4), will in it is low
Radwaste is sent into closing feed system 12 by feed inlet 121, closes sealing inlet valve 122；During the present embodiment is related to
Difference lies in eliminate catalyzed conversion for device used by device and embodiment 1 used by cool waste processing method
3 structure of device, the output terminal of burner 2 are connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline 5 with the second air inlet 49 of spray washing tower 4.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment, difference lies in step (2), starts 2 front opening burner of burner, 2 offgas outlet with embodiment 1
Control valve 61, realizes 2 tail gas of burner and inlet gas heat exchange, improves the temperature of 2 inlet gas of burner, realize recycle heat
Utilize, reduce energy consumption；Device is used with embodiment 1 used by the middle cool waste processing method that the present embodiment is related to
Device difference lies in increase by 6 structure of heat exchanger, the heat exchanger 6 is the high temperature-resistive pipeline 62 with control valve 61, heat exchanger 6
Input terminal communicated with 2 offgas outlet of burner, the output terminal of heat exchanger 6 is communicated with catalytic converter 3, the resistance to height of heat exchanger 6
Warm pipeline 62 is spirally arranged at the outside of 2 fuel gas inlet pipeline 63 of burner, makes the height after burning by high temperature-resistive pipeline 62
The gas of warm tail gas and 2 entrance of burner exchanges heat；Difference lies in step (2) with embodiment 1 for its processing step.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment, difference lies in step (2), starts 2 front opening burner of burner, 2 offgas outlet with embodiment 1
Control valve, realizes 2 tail gas of burner and inlet gas heat exchange, improves the temperature of 2 inlet gas of burner, realizes recycle heat profit
With reduction energy consumption；Used by the middle cool waste processing method that the present embodiment is related to used by device and embodiment 2
Device is difference lies in increase by 6 structure of heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger 6 is the high temperature-resistive pipeline 62 with control valve 61, heat exchanger 6
Input terminal is communicated with 2 offgas outlet of burner, and the output terminal of heat exchanger 6 is communicated with catalytic converter 3, the high temperature resistant of heat exchanger 6
Pipeline 62 is spirally arranged at the outside of 2 fuel gas inlet pipeline 63 of burner, makes the high temperature after burning by high temperature-resistive pipeline 62
The gas of tail gas and 2 entrance of burner exchanges heat.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of middle cool waste processing method, it is characterised in that concrete technology step is：
(1) heating unit is started：Start the heating unit of pyrolysis reactor, the temperature for setting the first temperature controller is 300-600 DEG C；
(2) burner is started：Start automatic oil burning circuit oil pump, open two-stage electromagnetic valve automatic ignition and sequentially burn, work as combustion
The partially stabilized burning of burner fuel oil, the temperature for keeping combustion chamber is 800-1300 DEG C, and pyrolysis gas enters burner combustion, that is, burns
Device is burnt by center section oil atomizing, adjusts amount of fuel using automatic oil burning circuit oil pump, it is true that servomotor adjusts air inlet
Pyrolysis gas is protected fully to burn；
(3) spray washing tower is started：Start the water circulating pump and air-introduced machine of spray washing tower successively, prerun is after 3-5 minutes；
(4) feed：Middle cool waste and solid catalyst are sent into closing feed system by feed inlet, the solid is urged
Agent is the bentonite that alkali metal ion is modified, and closes sealing inlet valve；Start screw propulsion under conditions of anoxybiotic or anoxic
Device, sets rotating speed to promote material completely into pyrolysis reactor for 1-5 revs/min；The dosage of the solid catalyst is low in being
The 0.5-2% of radwaste gross mass；
(5) pyrolytic reaction：The pyrolysis under solid catalyst effect of middle cool waste is gas and solid residue, in low radiation
Property waste in the radioactive element of 95%-98% rest in solid residue to export through solid residue and discharge, uniformly seal up for safekeeping and water
Mud curing process；The radioactive element of 2%-5% enters burner with the gas of generation；
(6) burning and catalytic reaction：The radioactive element of 2%-5% with generation gas and the abundant spray burning of fuel oil,
The mixed gas that burning produces enters catalytic converter, under the action of solid catalyst, by unburned complete carbon monoxide
With hydrocarbon conversion into carbon dioxide and water vapour, and by conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, and arranged by the second air inlet
Enter in flow container；
(7) purification reaction：After the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen enters flow container, in spray washing tower main body
Nozzle sprays alkalescent absorbent solution from top, the component of alkalescent absorbent solution and concentration will in cool waste
Component determines, and is contacted with the mixed gas full regression of high temperature and carry out purification reaction, and corrosion-resistant circulating water pump can circulate spray
Drench alkalescent absorbent solution so that the acidic components in mixed gas are fully absorbed by alkalescent absorbent solution；Only a few is volatilized
Property radionuclide is trapped by alkalescent absorbent solution；
(8) discharge：Gas evacuates discharge by air-introduced machine through exhaust outlet after monitoring qualified purification；Weak base used in spray washing tower
Property absorbent solution Radionuclide reach discharge the upper limit before, it is discharged into waste water pipe network water from osculum, collection and uniform disposal,
Then new alkalescent absorbent solution is added by water inlet and feeding opening；Step 4- steps 7 are repeated to continue to feed intake, with
The stabilization of pyrolysis apparatus working status, feeding amount are gradually increased to the specified treating capacity of pyrolysis apparatus, cool waste in realization
Volume reduction and harmless treatment.
2. cool waste processing method in as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that cool waste in using
The primary structure of processing unit includes pyrolysis reactor, burner, catalytic converter, spray washing tower and high temperature-resistive pipeline, heat
Communicated between solution reactor, burner, catalytic converter, spray washing tower by high temperature-resistive pipeline, the pyrolysis reactor bag
Include heating unit, closing feed system, spiral propeller, closing discharge system, electric furnace, the first temperature controller and motor；Institute
State closing feed system and include feed inlet and sealing inlet valve；The spiral propeller includes worm screw and feed pipe；The closing
Discharge system includes solid residue outlet, sealing material discharging valve and gas vent；The burner includes combustion head and burner master
Body, burner body include two-stage electromagnetic valve, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump, servomotor, air inlet and the first air inlet；It is described
Insulating layer, internal filling solid catalyst are equipped with outside catalytic converter；The spray washing tower includes flow container, spray washing tower
Main body, water circulating pump, air-introduced machine, spray tube, inlet opening, fluid hole, nozzle, the second air inlet, exhaust outlet, exhaust pipe, draining
Hole；Horizontally disposed spiral propeller is made of the feed pipe of worm screw and hollow structure, and feed pipe is internally provided with worm screw, charging
The outer pipe wall wound form of pipe is provided with heating unit and forms heating layer, and the heating unit is resistive heater, heating dress
The outside put is equipped with the electric furnace of case structure, and electric furnace includes flame retardant coating and insulating layer, electrical heating successively from the inside to the outside
Stove is electrically connected with the first temperature controller, and the first temperature controller is used to control the pyrolysis temperature in heating unit, realizes that material is fully pyrolyzed；
The input terminal of feed pipe is connected with the bottom for the closing feed system being vertically arranged, and closing feed system includes feed inlet and close
Inlet valve being sealed, sealing inlet valve is used for sealed feed inlet so that pyrolysis reactor can be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic,
The input terminal of spiral propeller is electrically connected with motor, and motor band dynamic spiral propeller rotates and controls fltting speed, it is ensured that pyrolysis
Material in reactor is pyrolyzed completely, and the output terminal of feed pipe is equipped with closing discharge system, and it is residual that closing discharge system includes solid
Slag outlet, sealing material discharging valve and gas vent, solid residue outlet are sealed by sealing inlet valve, with three industrial wastes processing
System pipe network connects, for discharging discarded object residue；Gas vent by set on high temperature-resistive pipeline and burner first into
Gas port is connected, and burner is explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, and burner includes combustion head and burner body, the combustion of burner
Burn head and burner body to communicate using heat-resisting material and duct type, combustion head is concentric annular structure, and outer shroud is combustion gas
Mouthful, inner ring is fuel port, is equipped with the combustion chamber of case structure outside combustion head, and burner body includes two-stage electromagnetic valve, automatic
Fuel circuit oil pump, servomotor, air inlet and the first air inlet, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump are equipped with two-stage electromagnetic valve, and two
Level solenoid valve is electrically connected with servomotor, and the top of burner body is equipped with the first air inlet, and the bottom of burner body is equipped with
Air inlet, automatic oil burning circuit oil pump realize the abundant of combustible by adjusting amount of fuel, servomotor by adjusting air inlet
Burning；The tail gas produced in combustion head after burning enters the input terminal of catalytic converter, catalytic converter by high temperature-resistive pipeline
For high temperature resistant stainless steel solid-bed reactor, outside is equipped with insulating layer, internal filling solid catalyst, the output of catalytic converter
End is connected by high temperature-resistive pipeline with the second air inlet on spray washing tower, and the bottom level of spray washing tower is provided with liquid
Tank, the top of flow container are equipped with the second air inlet, and the top of flow container is equipped with water inlet and feeding opening, and water inlet is used to inject industrial
Water, feeding opening are used to inject alkalescent absorbing liquid, and the lower part of flow container is equipped with fluid hole, and fluid hole is by spray tube with being vertically arranged
The inlet opening that is equipped with of top of columnar spray washing tower main body be connected, spray tube is equipped with water circulating pump, spray washing
It is provided with more than one nozzle on the spray tube of tower body interior, the exhaust outlet that the top of spray washing tower main body is equipped with is through row
Tracheae is connected with air-introduced machine；The sealing inlet valve and sealing material discharging valve are double barrier valves, or are base-plate valve, or are star-like
Valve so that anoxic or the working status of anoxybiotic are maintained in pyrolysis apparatus；The solid catalyst is the swelling that alkali metal ion is modified
Soil；The spray washing tower main body is corrosion-resistant stainless steel material.
3. cool waste processing method in as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4), saves addition solid
The step of catalyst, be sent into closing feed system by feed inlet by middle cool waste, close sealing inlet valve；Used
Device and claim 1 used by device lead to difference lies in catalytic converter structure, the output terminal of burner is eliminated
High temperature-resistive pipeline is crossed with the second air inlet of spray washing tower to be connected.
4. cool waste processing method in as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2), before starting burner
Open the control valve of burner tail gas outlet so that burner tail gas and inlet gas heat exchange, improve burner inlet gas
Temperature, realizes that recycle heat utilizes, reduces energy consumption；Used by used device and claim 1 device difference lies in
Increase heat exchanger structure, the heat exchanger is the high temperature-resistive pipeline with control valve, and input terminal and the burner tail gas of heat exchanger go out
Mouth communicates, and the output terminal of heat exchanger is communicated with catalytic converter, and the high temperature-resistive pipeline of heat exchanger is spirally arranged at burner combustion
The outside of gas entrance pipe, makes the gas of the high-temperature tail gas after burning and burner inlet exchange heat by high temperature-resistive pipeline.
5. cool waste processing method in as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that step (2), before starting burner
The control valve of burner tail gas outlet is opened, burner tail gas and inlet gas heat exchange is realized, improves burner inlet gas
Temperature, realizes that recycle heat utilizes, reduces energy consumption；Used by used device and claim 3 device difference lies in
Increase heat exchanger structure, the heat exchanger is the high temperature-resistive pipeline with control valve, and input terminal and the burner tail gas of heat exchanger go out
Mouth communicates, and the output terminal of heat exchanger is communicated with the high temperature-resistive pipeline of burner body, and the high temperature-resistive pipeline of heat exchanger is spirally set
The outside of the input terminal pipeline of the first air inlet is placed in, high-temperature tail gas and burner inlet after burning are made by high temperature-resistive pipeline
Gas exchange heat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049353.4A CN106782734B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | A kind of middle cool waste processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049353.4A CN106782734B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | A kind of middle cool waste processing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106782734A CN106782734A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106782734B true CN106782734B (en) | 2018-04-13 |
Family
ID=58942767
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049353.4A Active CN106782734B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | A kind of middle cool waste processing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106782734B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110491540B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-04-23 | 北京航天国环技术有限公司 | Method for treating radioactive waste |
| CN111644034A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Device and method for treating tail gas generated by Fenton oxidation of radioactive waste resin |
| CN113393952A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-14 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Fluidized bed reactor for treating radioactive waste graphite |
| CN114669176A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-28 | 成都艾侃智能设备有限公司 | Method for treating waste gas by calcium circulation decarburization |
| CN115831426B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-03-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Apparatus and method for treating radioactive substance |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6084147A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 2000-07-04 | Studsvik, Inc. | Pyrolytic decomposition of organic wastes |
| CN1207563A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-02-10 | 韩国琉璃纤维株式会社 | Arrangement for treating medium or low level radioactive waste matter |
| CN1098526C (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2003-01-08 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Incineration treatment method for radioactive combustible waste and special equipment thereof |
| WO2011061621A1 (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-26 | Hana Inspection & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Disposal and decontamination of radioactive polyvinyl alcohol products |
| CN102157215B (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2013-03-13 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Method and device for treating radioactive wastes |
| CN104637561A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Plasma volume reducing system and method for processing nuclear facility solid waste |
| CN105810276B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-11-14 | 青岛天和清原科技有限公司 | A kind of radioactivity organic waste treatment device |
-
2017
- 2017-01-23 CN CN201710049353.4A patent/CN106782734B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106782734A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106653130B (en) | A kind of middle cool waste processing unit | |
| CN106782734B (en) | A kind of middle cool waste processing method | |
| CN105038822B (en) | The cleaning method and device of a kind of sludge | |
| CN103978007B (en) | Fluidized bed type chromium slag pyrolysis harmless process | |
| CN205235984U (en) | Low energy consumption saturation activated carbon regeneration system | |
| CN106732491A (en) | A kind of horizontal continuous regeneration equipment of powdery waste active carbon | |
| CN104987871A (en) | Household garbage miniature continuous type self-heating movable horizontal dry distillation machine | |
| CN206451517U (en) | A kind of middle cool waste processing unit | |
| CN106367118B (en) | Organic solid waste pyrolysis gasifier and steam generation system | |
| CN111828991A (en) | Waste gas combustion treatment device with turning type multistage rotational flow oxidation function | |
| CN106479527A (en) | One kind carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release | |
| WO2021077750A1 (en) | Environment-friendly pyrolysis treatment device and treatment method for waste resin | |
| CN106734103A (en) | The magnetization decomposer and method of a kind of domestic rubbish disposal | |
| CN202881201U (en) | Hazardous waste gasifier with plasma torch heating system | |
| CN105674278A (en) | Garbage combustion furnace high in combustion efficiency | |
| CN210656799U (en) | Biological organic matter heat treatment device of gas rotary furnace | |
| CN204738001U (en) | System for mercury in useless mercury catalyst of high -efficient environmental protection recovery | |
| CN204769832U (en) | Pyrolysis system is burned in mummification of birds that dies of illness poultry | |
| CN106166558A (en) | A kind of method utilizing municipal administration dewatered sludge to prepare microwave absorption | |
| CN109974009A (en) | A kind of three wastes integrated reactor and the method for nitrous gas disposal | |
| CN206094095U (en) | Continuous type volume reduction and solidification treatment system for low-medium radioactive waste | |
| CN209093043U (en) | A kind of high-temp waste gas RTO burning and purifying device | |
| CN204554824U (en) | A kind of ill domestic animal corpse pyrolysis charring rotary kiln | |
| CN203333452U (en) | Sludge thermolysis device | |
| CN203284299U (en) | Pyrolysis device of municipal sludge |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |