CN106782327B - 像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置 - Google Patents

像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置 Download PDF

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CN106782327B
CN106782327B CN201710243353.8A CN201710243353A CN106782327B CN 106782327 B CN106782327 B CN 106782327B CN 201710243353 A CN201710243353 A CN 201710243353A CN 106782327 B CN106782327 B CN 106782327B
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charge
discharge
transistor
light
emitting element
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CN106782327A (zh
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肖丽
陈小川
玄明花
杨盛际
付杰
王磊
刘冬妮
卢鹏程
岳晗
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置。所述像素电路包括开关晶体管、存储电容、驱动晶体管及发光元件，其还包括与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接且能够实时控制充放电状态的充放电模块；当所述开关晶体管开启导流时，充放电模块实施充电，当所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足时，充放电模块实施放电以对所述发光元件进行供电。因此，本发明不仅无需进行阈值电压补偿，减少阈值电压补偿电路所占用的基板空间，以充分利用基板空间提高像素密度，且可避免因开关晶体管频繁刷新而产生较多功耗，以极大地降低功耗；同时，其能够智能化控制不同占空比及对时间的分配，进而实现多灰阶显示。

Description

像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置
【技术领域】
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置。
【背景技术】
有机发光显示器(Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode，简称AMOLED)是当今平板显示器研究领域的热点之一，与液晶显示器相比，OLED具有低能耗、生产成本低、自发光、宽视角及响应速度快等优点，目前，在手机、PDA、数码相机等显示领域OLED已经开始取代传统的LCD显示屏。像素驱动电路设计是AMOLED显示器核心技术内容，具有重要的研究意义。
其中，与TFT-LCD利用稳定的电压控制亮度不同，OLED属于电流驱动，需要稳定的电流来控制发光；在最原始的2T1C像素电路(如图1)中，在显示静态图像时，需要开关晶体管不断的刷新，而开关晶体管在刷新过程中会产生一定的功耗，进而使功耗增加。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的旨在提供一种像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置，以使充放电模块在开关晶体管关断且存储电容电量不足的情况下(特别是显示静态图像时)释放其存储的能量而对发光元件进行持续稳定的供电，从而解决显示静态图像过程中开关晶体管因需不断的刷新而功耗较高的问题。
为实现该目的，本发明提供了一种像素电路，包括开关晶体管、存储电容、驱动晶体管及发光元件，该像素电路还包括与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接且能够实时控制充放电状态的充放电模块；当所述开关晶体管开启导流时，所述充放电模块实施充电，当所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足时，所述充放电模块实施放电以对所述发光元件进行供电。
较佳地，所述充放电模块包括至少一个充放电电路，所述充放电电路包括存储单元和开关单元，所述开关单元的一端与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接，另一端与所述存储单元连接。
具体地，所述存储单元为第二存储电容，所述开关单元为第二晶体管；所述第二存储电容的一端接地，另一端与所述第二晶体管的漏极连接，所述第二晶体管的源极与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接。
优选地，所述充放电模块包括多个所述充放电电路，各所述充放电电路相互并联。
进一步地，所述充放电模块外接有时序控制模块，所述时序控制模块用于对各所述充放电电路中的开关单元的开关状态实施有序控制。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种像素电路的驱动方法，其用于驱动上述任一技术方案所述的像素电路，所述驱动方法包括：
充电步骤：在所述开关晶体管开启导流以使所述发光元件发光阶段，所述充放电模块实施充电；
放电步骤：在所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足阶段，所述充放电模块释放其存储的电量以对所述发光元件进行供电，使所述发光元件持续稳定的发光。
进一步地，所述充放电模块包括多个相互并联的充放电电路，所述充放电模块外接有时序控制模块；
所述充电步骤具体包括：在所述开关晶体管开启导流以使所述发光元件发光阶段，所述时序控制模块控制各所述充放电电路按时序进行充电；
所述放电步骤具体包括：在所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足阶段，所述时序控制模块控制各所述充放电电路按时序释放其存储的电量以对所述发光元件进行供电，使所述发光元件持续稳定的发光。
优选地，当需显示静态图像时，执行所述放电步骤。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种阵列基板，包括衬底基板，所述阵列基板还包括设置于所述衬底基板上的多个上述任一技术方案所述的像素电路。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种显示面板，其包括上述任一技术方案所述的阵列基板。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述任一技术方案所述的显示面板。
与现有技术相比，本发明具备如下优点：
本发明提供的像素电路中，所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足时，所述充放电模块实施放电以对所述发光元件进行持续稳定的供电，其无需通过补偿模块以对驱动晶体管进行阈值电压补偿而提供给发光元件以稳定电流，因此，其无需进行阈值电压补偿也可确保图像显示效果，且可充分利用基板空间用以提高像素密度(PPI)；同时，其可避免因开关晶体管频繁刷新(特别是显示静态图像)而产生较多功耗，因此，本发明可极大地降低功耗。
进一步地，由于所述充放电模块包括多个相互并联的所述充放电电路，而多个并联的充放电电路可根据实际需求而逐一或同时实施充放电，以便能够实现不同占空比，从而实现多灰阶显示。
进一步地，由于所述充放电模块外接有时序控制模块，而外接的时序控制模块可对各并联的充放电电路实施智能化有序的控制其充放电，以更好的控制不同占空比及控制时间的分配，进而智能化控制实现多灰阶显示。
另外，本发明中的阵列基板、显示面板及显示装置皆是在所述像素电路的基础上进行改进的，因此，所述阵列基板、显示面板及显示装置自然继承了所述像素电路的全部优点。
综上，本发明不仅无需进行阈值电压补偿，减少阈值电压补偿电路所占用的基板空间，以充分利用基板空间提高像素密度，且可避免因开关晶体管频繁刷新而产生较多功耗，以极大地降低功耗；同时，其能够智能化控制不同占空比及对时间的分配，进而实现多灰阶显示。
【附图说明】
图1为现有的2T1C像素电路的电路图；
图2为本发明中一种像素电路的一个典型实施例的结构示意图；
图3为本发明中一种像素电路的另一个具体实施例的电路图；
图4为本发明中一种像素电路的又一个实施例的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示像素电路的一个具体实施例的电路图；
图6为图5所示像素电路的该具体实施例的时序参考图。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图和示例性实施例对本发明作进一步地描述，其中附图中相同的标号全部指的是相同的部件。此外，如果已知技术的详细描述对于示出本发明的特征是不必要的，则将其省略。
本发明提供的一种像素电路的一个典型实施例的结构示意图如2所示，所述像素电路包括开关晶体管T1、存储电容Cst、驱动晶体管T2、发光元件1及与所述开关晶体管T1的漏极连接且能够实时控制充放电状态的充放电模块2。
其中，所述开关晶体管T1的源极外接数据信号端Data，开关晶体管T1的栅极外接扫描线信号端Gate，所述驱动晶体管T2的源极接电源电压VDD，所述驱动晶体管T2的栅极与开关晶体管T1的漏极连接，存储电容Cst的两端分别连于驱动晶体管T2的源极和栅极上，发光元件1的一端接驱动晶体管T2的漏极，发光元件1的另一端接入接地端Vss。
需要说明的是，所述开关晶体管T1和驱动晶体管T2优选为薄膜晶体管，其中，驱动晶体管T2中的“驱动”两字主要是用于从名称区别其他晶体管，其在此并不解释为对其该晶体管的功能进行限定，该驱动晶体管T2可用具备常用功能的晶体管替代，如具有开关功能的晶体管；所述发光元件1可为发光二极管，如LED或OLED，优选为OLED。
当所述开关晶体管T1开启导流时，电流流经驱动晶体管T2后驱动发光元件1发光，在该过程中，电流会同时流至所述充放电模块2，以对所述充放电模块2实施充电。
当所述开关晶体管T1关断时(例如显示静态图像)，所述存储电容Cst还会给发光元件1供电使其发光一小段时间，随着发光元件1发光时间的持续，所述存储电容Cst的电量会逐渐消耗，直至其电量不足而耗尽，而在所述存储电容Cst电量不足时，所述充放电模块2即会实施放电，以对所述发光元件1进行供电，使所述发光元件1持续稳定的发光，进而确保静态图像显示的效果；并且，在该过程中，开关晶体管T1可一直处于关断状态，而无需反复刷新，以此可降低开关晶体管T1因频繁刷新而产生的功耗；同时，由于充放电模块2可放电给发光元件1持续稳定的供电，因此，该电路无需通过补偿模块对驱动晶体管T2两端的电压提供阈值电压补偿，该像素电路中无需补偿电路，从而可充分将补偿电路所占用的基板空间用以提高像素密度(PPI)。
本发明提供的一种像素电路的第二个实施例的结构示意图如3所示，该实施例与上述第一个实施例的区别主要在于：所述充放电模块2包括一个充放电电路，其中，该充放电电路包括存储单元和开关单元，所述开关单元的一端与所述开关晶体管T1的漏极连接，另一端与所述存储单元连接。
优选地，如图3所示，所述存储单元为存储电容C，所述开关单元为薄膜晶体管G，所述存储电容C的一端接地，另一端与所述薄膜晶体管G的漏极连接，所述薄膜晶体管G的源极与所述开关晶体管T1的漏极连接，所述薄膜晶体管G的栅极与扫描线连接。
当所述开关晶体管T1开启导流给发光元件1供电发光时，可通过扫描线传送控制信号控制薄膜晶体管G开启，以便对存储电容C实施充电，待充满电后可控制薄膜晶体管G关断；当所述开关晶体管T1关断且存储电容Cst电量不足时，也可通过扫描线传送控制信号控制薄膜晶体管G开启，然后存储电容C释放其存储的电量，以对发光元件1进行供电使发光元件1持续稳定的发光。
需要说明的是，所述存储单元不限定为存储电容，其也可以为其他具有存储电量功能的元器件，所述开关单元也不限定为薄膜晶体管，其也可以为其他的开关元器件。
本发明提供的一种像素电路的第三个实施例的结构示意图如4～5所示，该实施例与上述第二个实施例的区别主要在于：所述充放电模块2包括多个相互并联的所述充放电电路，并且所述充放电模块2外接有时序控制模块3。
当所述开关晶体管T1开启导流给发光元件1供电发光时，所述时序控制模块3可有序地控制各所述充放电电路中的开关单元，以根据需要有序地控制各所述充放电电路中开关单元的开关状态及其状态的持续时间，进而按照预设方式对各级充放电电路中的存储电容实施充电。当所述充放电模块3放电以对发光元件1供电时，所述时序控制模块3可有序地控制各级充放电电路中的开关状态及其状态的持续时间，以使各级充放电电路中的存储电容按照预设方式有序的放电。
例如，如图5所示，所述充放电模块3包括四级充放电电路，其中，第一级充放电电路包括存储电容C1和薄膜晶体管G0，第二级充放电电路包括存储电容C2和薄膜晶体管G1，第三级充放电电路包括存储电容C3和薄膜晶体管G2，第四级充放电电路包括存储电容C4和薄膜晶体管G3，各级充放电电路中的薄膜晶体管的栅极皆与所述时序控制模块3连接，该时序控制模块3可根据需要按照预设方式控制各级充放电电路中的薄膜晶体管的开关状态；各级充放电电路中的存储电容的电容量可全部相同、部分相同或彼此皆不同。
请参见附图6，该附图6是与附图5所示的像素电路对应的时序图，其中，数据信号端Data传入有效电平信号时，所述时序控制模块3按照该图所示的时序控制薄膜晶体管G0、G1、G2、G3的开启/关断状态及该状态持续时间来控制对应存储电容C1、C2、C3、C4的充放电状态及该状态持续时间，以此控制不同的占空比；而在脉冲宽度调制中，发光元件(如LED/OLED)的亮度受脉冲的高电平时间(即脉冲宽度)控制，并且脉冲的高电平时间与发光元件(如LED/OLED)的导通时间呈正相关，即发光元件的导通时间越长，脉冲的高电平时间越长，进而发光元件的亮度越强，反之，同理；其中，以图6所示的时序图为例，该Gate行的扫描总时间为23+22+2+1＝15，则G3所在级充放电电路的占空比为23/15＝8/15、G2所在级充放电电路的占空比为22/15＝4/15、G1所在级充放电电路的占空比为2/15、G0所在级充放电电路的占空比为1/15，也即图5中的四级充放电电路各自单独可为OLED提供不同的电流导通时间，当然，在具体使用控制中，也可通过时序控制模块3控制该四级充放电电路任意排列组合协调工作，从而可控制OLED具有多种不同时长的导通时间，以使OLED可发出多种不同亮度级别的光，进而实现多灰阶显示。因此，可根据实际需求，通过时序控制模块3控制具有不同占空比的四级充放电电路单独或任意排列组合协同工作，使OLED可具有不同时长的导通时间，进而实现多灰阶显示；同时，四级充放电电路可单独或按序组合放电以对OLED进行持续稳定的供电，其无需通过补偿模块以对驱动晶体管进行阈值电压补偿而提供给发光元件以稳定电流。
需要说明的是，该充放电模块3不限定为四级充放电电路，可以根据实际需求增加或减少。每一Gate行的扫描总时间为一帧的停留时间除以总Gate行数，若一帧的停留时间为T(T＝1/f，f为扫描频率)，总共有10Gate行，则每一Gate行的扫描总时间为T/10。另外，在工作中，当下一Gate行开启时，上一Gate行中的各级充放电电路可根据其占空比对存储电容Cst实施充电操作。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种阵列基板，其包括衬底基板和设置于所述衬底基板上的多个上述任一实施例所述的像素电路；同时，本还发明还提供了一种显示面板，该显示面板包括前述任一技术方案所述的阵列基板；另外，本发明还提供了一种显示装置，该显示装置包括前述任一技术方案所述的显示面板，该显示装置可以为电子纸、OLED面板、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
由于所述阵列基板、显示面板和显示装置皆是在所述像素电路的基础上进行改进的，因此，所述阵列基板、显示面板及显示装置自然继承了所述像素电路的全部优点。
综上，本发明不仅无需进行阈值电压补偿，减少阈值电压补偿电路所占用的基板空间，以充分利用基板空间提高像素密度，且可避免因开关晶体管频繁刷新而产生较多功耗，以极大地降低功耗；同时，其能够智能化控制不同占空比及对时间的分配，进而实现多灰阶显示。
虽然上面已经示出了本发明的一些示例性实施例，但是本领域的技术人员将理解，在不脱离本发明的原理或精神的情况下，可以对这些示例性实施例做出改变，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (8)

1.一种像素电路，包括开关晶体管、存储电容、驱动晶体管及发光元件，其特征在于，还包括与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接且能够实时控制充放电状态的充放电模块；当所述开关晶体管开启导流时，所述充放电模块实施充电，当所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足时，所述充放电模块实施放电以对所述发光元件进行供电，所述充放电模块包括多个充放电电路，各所述充放电电路相互并联，所述充放电电路包括存储单元和开关单元，所述开关单元的一端与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接，另一端与所述存储单元连接，所述充放电模块外接有时序控制模块，所述时序控制模块用于对各所述充放电电路中的开关单元的开关状态实施有序控制。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述存储单元为第二存储电容，所述开关单元为第二晶体管；所述第二存储电容的一端接地，另一端与所述第二晶体管的漏极连接，所述第二晶体管的源极与所述开关晶体管的漏极连接。
3.一种像素电路的驱动方法，其特征在于，用于驱动如权利要求1～2任一项所述的像素电路，所述驱动方法包括：
充电步骤：在所述开关晶体管开启导流以使所述发光元件发光阶段，所述充放电模块实施充电；
放电步骤：在所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足阶段，所述充放电模块释放其存储的电量以对所述发光元件进行供电，使所述发光元件持续稳定的发光。
4.如权利要求3所述的像素电路的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述充放电模块包括多个相互并联的充放电电路，所述充放电模块外接有时序控制模块；
所述充电步骤具体包括：在所述开关晶体管开启导流以使所述发光元件发光阶段，所述时序控制模块控制各所述充放电电路按时序进行充电；
所述放电步骤具体包括：在所述开关晶体管关断且所述存储电容电量不足阶段，所述时序控制模块控制各所述充放电电路按时序释放其存储的电量以对所述发光元件进行供电，使所述发光元件持续稳定的发光。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的像素电路的驱动方法，其特征在于，当需显示静态图像时，执行所述放电步骤。
6.一种阵列基板，包括衬底基板，其特征在于，还包括设置于所述衬底基板上的多个如权利要求1～2任一项所述的像素电路。
7.一种显示面板，其特征在于，包括如权利要求6所述的阵列基板。
8.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求7所述的显示面板。
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