CN106777557B - A kind of determination method of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body carrying rate - Google Patents
A kind of determination method of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body carrying rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pumping plant approach channel and the determination methods of forebay water body carrying rate, comprising the following steps: 1) determines the relational expression that the flow velocity of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body changes over time；2) it calculates pumping plant approach channel and the maximum of forebay water body thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and roughness height kN；3) the ratio Ψ of sedimentation time and flowing period of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of calculating pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer；4) silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity and the residual α of silt phase；5) water body carrying rate Δ/D of the nondimensional depth of erosion expression of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pumping plant approach channel and the determination methods of forebay water body carrying rate, belong to hydraulic engineering pumping plant neck
Domain.
Background technique
In the Transient Flow of pumping plant approach channel and forebay, water body carrying rate is dynamic change.As shown in Figure 1, silt
Volumetric concentration S (y) is represented by dashed line, and changes with flowing velocity U, and wherein y is vertical coordinate, is initial bed surface at y=0, under
Mark m represents maximum value, and Δ is the distance that depth of erosion is saturated surface containing sand bed to initial bed surface, SmProduct with Δ is to participate in
Silt volume total amount, that is, water body carrying rate of movement.
The size for precisely knowing the water body carrying rate comprising phase difference effect is that concentration is disconnected under the conditions of determining Transient Flow
Face and flow velocity section calculate the important foundation of water body carrying rate and silt discharge, and judge the foundation of water pump in pump station abrasion situation.
What the theory deduction that widely used water body carrying rate is all based on constant flow in existing engineering came out, do not include phase difference and makees
With cannot react water body and hold sand coarse aggregate ratio under the arm during Transient Flow relative to time response required for hydrodynamic condition, in this way
Phase of the total volume of silt of the phase drift and movement that can not embody sediment movement relative velocity after flowing velocity reduction is residual
It stays, also results in and water body carrying rate mean value is underestimated.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind to obtain Transient Flow by determining phase difference parameter
Under the conditions of the determination method of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body carrying rate.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body carrying rate
Determine method, comprising the following steps:
1) the relational expression U (t) that the flow velocity of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body changes over time is determined；
2) it calculates pumping plant approach channel and the maximum of forebay water body thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and roughness height kN；
3) sedimentation time and stream of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of calculating pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer
The ratio Ψ in dynamic period；
4) silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity and the residual α of silt phase；
5) water body carrying rate Δ/D of the nondimensional depth of erosion expression of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated.
In the step 1), the flow velocity of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is obtained at any time using 2 rank Stokes wave theories
The relational expression of variation.
In the step 2), maximum is calculated using following formula (1)~(3) and thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and described
Roughness height kNProcess it is as follows:
In formula, U is that pumping plant approach channel and forebay water volume flow rate, subscript m represent maximum value；D is sediment grain size；T is flowing week
Phase；Θ is to thank to Wurz number, and subscript m represents maximum value；F is friction factor；S is the ratio of silt and water density；G is that gravity accelerates
Degree；kNIt is bed surface roughness height.
In specific solve, first assume that maximum thanks to Wurz number Θm< 1, roughness height k is obtained by formula (3)N=5D substitutes into formula
(2) numerical value substitution formula (1) of obtained friction factor f is obtained into maximum and thanks to Wurz number Θm, it is compared with 1, if obtaining
Maximum thank to Wurz number ΘmGreater than 1 original hypothesis is unreasonable.
Then thank to Wurz number Θ by maximummHypothesis greater than 1 is calculated, the roughness height k obtained by formula (3)N=5
ΘmD substitutes into formula (2), and association type (1), obtains formula (4)
The size that friction factor f is solved from formula (4) is substituted into formula (1) and obtains maximum and thanks to Wurz number ΘmIf gained knot
Fruit is greater than 1 and assumes rationally, maximum to be thanked to Wurz number ΘmSubstitution formula (3) obtains roughness height kNValue.
In the step 3), sedimentation of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer
Time and the calculating process of the ratio Ψ in flowing period are as follows:
In formula, ν is the kinematic viscosity coefficient of water.
In the step 4), the phase drift ψ and silt phase of the silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body to flow velocity
Residual α calculating process it is as follows:
α=exp (- 0.2/ Ψ) (8)
In the step 5), the acquisition for the relational expression that the water body carrying rate that nondimensional depth of erosion indicates changes over time
Process is as follows:
The relational expression that the water body carrying rate that obtaining nondimensional depth of erosion using such as following formula (8) indicates changes over time
Wherein F represents the sediment carrying capacity of water body.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme, which has the following advantages: 1, the present invention can react water body carrying rate
It is corresponding relative to the time required for hydrodynamic condition during Transient Flow.2, the present invention embodies water body carrying rate and exists
The phase drift of phase residual and its relative velocity after flowing velocity reduction.3, the invention avoids equal to sediment movement amount
Value is underestimated.
Detailed description of the invention
The water body carrying rate that Fig. 1 is face containing sand bed of the invention and depth of erosion indicates defines schematic diagram, and S is abscissa, generation
Table silt volumetric concentration, y are vertical coordinates, and subscript m represents maximum value, and U is flowing velocity, and Δ is depth of erosion；
The Transient Flow rate process that Fig. 2 course of work of the present invention uses, U/UmIt is nondimensional flow velocity, t/T is nothing
The time of dimension；
Fig. 3 is the present invention compared with the water body carrying rate that conventional method determines, Δ/D is that the water body that depth of erosion indicates is held under the arm
Husky rate and sediment grain size ratio, solid line represent the present invention, and chain-dotted line represents conventional method.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The determination method of a kind of pumping plant approach channel provided by the invention and forebay water body carrying rate, comprising the following steps:
1) the relational expression U (t) that pumping plant approach channel and forebay water volume flow rate change over time is calculated, specifically can use 2 ranks
Stokes wave theory obtains the relational expression that pumping plant approach channel and forebay water volume flow rate change over time, because this partly belongs to this field
Known method, therefore without illustrating.
2) it calculates pumping plant approach channel and the maximum of forebay water body thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and roughness height kN, specifically may be used
It is calculated by following formula (1)~(3):
In formula, U is that pumping plant approach channel and forebay water volume flow rate, subscript m represent maximum value；D is sediment grain size；T is flowing week
Phase；Θ is to thank to Wurz number, and subscript m represents maximum value；F is friction factor；S is the ratio of silt and water density；G is that gravity accelerates
Degree；kNIt is bed surface roughness height.
In specific solve, first assume that maximum thanks to Wurz number Θm< 1, roughness height k is obtained by formula (3)N=5D substitutes into formula
(2) numerical value substitution formula (1) of obtained friction factor f is obtained into maximum and thanks to Wurz number Θm, it is compared with 1, if obtaining
Maximum thank to Wurz number ΘmGreater than 1 original hypothesis is unreasonable.
Then thank to Wurz number Θ by maximummHypothesis greater than 1 is calculated, the roughness height k obtained by formula (3)N=5
ΘmD substitutes into formula (2), and association type (1), obtains formula (4)
The size that friction factor f is solved from formula (4) is substituted into formula (1) and obtains maximum and thanks to Wurz number ΘmIf gained knot
Fruit is greater than 1 and assumes rationally, maximum to be thanked to Wurz number ΘmSubstitution formula (3) obtains roughness height kNValue.
3) sedimentation time and stream of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of calculating pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer
The ratio Ψ of dynamic cycle T, specific calculating process are as follows:
The sediment settlement speed w of Forebay of Pumping Station is calculated by following formula (5), by the sediment settlement speed w of Forebay of Pumping Station
Value substitute into formula following formula (6) sedimentation time of the silt in sediment transport layer and flow the period ratio Ψ, the formula (5) of utilization and
Formula (6) is as follows:
In formula, ν is the kinematic viscosity coefficient of water.
4) silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity and the residual α of silt phase,
Detailed process is as follows:
Silt is obtained to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity using following formulas (7), and silt phase is obtained by following formulas (8)
Remain the value of α:
α=exp (- 0.2/ Ψ) (8)
5) water body carrying rate Δ/D of the nondimensional depth of erosion expression of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated.
Silt is substituted into following equations to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity, the residual α of silt phase and sediment settlement speed w
Group (9) obtains the relational expression that the water body carrying rate of nondimensional depth of erosion expression changes over time
Wherein F represents the sediment carrying capacity of water body.
Illustrate effect of the invention with a specific embodiment below.
1) relationship that the flow velocity of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body changes over time is obtained using 2 rank Stokes wave theories
Formula.
The ambient pressure of known embodiments is a standard atmospheric pressure, and water temperature is 20 DEG C.Maximum fluidity speed Um=1.0m/
S flows cycle T=5s, sediment grain size D=1.0 × 10-4The ratio s=2.65 of m, silt and water density, gravity acceleration g=
9.8m/s2, kinematic viscosity coefficient ν=1.0 × 10 of water-6m2/s.Become at any time using flow velocity known to 2 rank Stokes wave theories
Turn to: U (t)=0.8cos [2 π (t/T-0.214)]+0.2cos [4 π (t/T-0.214)], drawing image is shown in Fig. 2.
2) it calculates pumping plant approach channel and the maximum of forebay water body thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and roughness height kN。
First assume that maximum thanks to Wurz number Θm< 1, roughness height k is obtained by formula (3)N=5D；Substitution formula (2), obtain friction because
Sub- f=7.0 × 10-3；Substitution formula (1) obtains maximum and thanks to Wurz number Θm=2.16 > 1, it is known that it is assumed that invalid.
Thank to Wurz number Θ according to maximumm> 1, roughness height k is obtained by formula (3)N=5 ΘmD；Substitution formula (2), and association type
(1), formula (4) are obtained
Friction factor f=9.3 × 10 are solved from formula (4)-3, substitute into formula (1) and obtain maximum and thank to Wurz number Θm=2.86, generation
Enter formula (3) and obtains roughness height kN=1.43 × 10-3m。
3) sedimentation time and stream of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of calculating pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer
The ratio Ψ in dynamic period.
Sediment settlement speed w=8.4 × 10 are obtained from formula (5)-3M/s substitutes into formula (6) and obtains sedimentation of the silt in sediment transport layer
Ratio Ψ=6.3 × 10 of time and flowing period-1。
4) silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity and the residual α of silt phase.
Silt is obtained to phase drift ψ=5.0 × 10 of flow velocity from formula (7)-1S, from formula (8) silt phase residual α=
0.73。
5) water body carrying rate Δ/D of the nondimensional depth of erosion expression of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated.
The silt obtained in step 3) and step 4) is heavy to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity, the residual α of silt phase and silt
Reduction of speed degree w substitutes into formula (9) and obtains formula (10)
It is calculated using formula (1) and thanks to Wurz number Θ to get Fig. 3 is arrived.
The Figure of description that the present invention takes above technical scheme to draw is able to more intuitively embody following spy of the invention
Sign:
1. embodying the phase drift of sediment movement relative velocity.
Solid line Fig. 3 of the invention lags behind the phase of the flow rate process t/T=0.1 of Fig. 2.Such as U/U in Fig. 2m=0 is t/T
=0 and t/T=0.42 moment, maximum value U/Um=1 is the t/T=0.21 moment；Due to phase drift, in Fig. 3, solid line Δ/D is most
Small value appears in t/T=0+0.1 the and t/T=0.42+0.1 moment, and Δ/D maximum value appears in the t/T=0.21+0.1 moment.And
Fig. 3 represent the chain-dotted line of conventional method then with the flow velocity same-phase of Fig. 2.
2. having phase residual of the total volume of silt of movement after flowing velocity reduction.
In Transient Flow, even if instantaneous flow velocity is kept to 0, phase is remaining exist so that the total volume of silt of movement not yet
It can be kept to 0.It is 15.1 that Fig. 3, which represents solid line minimum value of the invention, and the chain-dotted line minimum value for representing conventional method is 0.
Sediment movement amount mean value is underestimated 3. avoiding.
Due to the presence of phase difference, the residual silt that the positive flow phase (t/T=0-0.42) in part raises is in negative flow
Fast stage (t/T=0.42-1) transports, so that negative sense flow phase Δ/D relatively forward flow stage, such as Fig. 3 of the present invention
It is shown in solid.The conventional method represented this avoids chain-dotted line underestimates Δ/D in negative sense flow phase.
It is as follows that advantages of the present invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification:
The various embodiments described above are only used for having carried out further specifically the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is bright, it is not intended to restrict the invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement done
Deng should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of determination method of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body carrying rate, comprising the following steps:
1) the relational expression U (t) that the flow velocity of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body changes over time is determined；
2) it calculates pumping plant approach channel and the maximum of forebay water body thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and dynamic bed surface roughness height kN；
3) sedimentation time and stream of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of calculating pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer
The ratio Ψ of dynamic cycle T；
4) silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated to the phase drift ψ of flow velocity and the residual α of silt phase, specific calculating
Process is as follows:
α=exp (- 0.2/ Ψ) (8)
5) water body carrying rate Δ/D of the nondimensional depth of erosion expression of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body is calculated, acquisition process is such as
Under:
The relational expression that the water body carrying rate that obtaining nondimensional depth of erosion using such as following formula (9) indicates changes over time
Wherein F represents the sediment carrying capacity of water body；T is the time；U is pumping plant approach channel and forebay water volume flow rate, and subscript m represents maximum
Value；ΘcrIt is critical to thank to Wurz number；D is sediment grain size.
2. the determination method of a kind of pumping plant approach channel as described in claim 1 and forebay water body carrying rate, it is characterised in that: described
In step 1), the relational expression that the flow velocity of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body changes over time is obtained using 2 rank Stokes wave theories.
3. the determination method of a kind of pumping plant approach channel as claimed in claim 2 and forebay water body carrying rate, it is characterised in that: described
In step 2), maximum is calculated using following formula (1)~(3) and thanks to Wurz number Θm, friction factor f and the coarse height of dynamic bed surface
Spend kNProcess it is as follows:
In formula, U is that pumping plant approach channel and forebay water volume flow rate, subscript m represent maximum value；D is sediment grain size；T is the flowing period；Θ
It is to thank to Wurz number, subscript m represents maximum value；F is friction factor；S is the ratio of silt density and water density；G is that gravity accelerates
Degree；kNIt is bed surface roughness height；
In specific solve, first assume that maximum thanks to Wurz number Θm< 1, dynamic bed surface roughness height k is obtained by formula (3)N=5D substitutes into formula
(2), and the numerical value of obtained friction factor f substitution formula (1) is obtained into maximum and thanks to Wurz number Θm, it is compared with 1, if
Obtained maximum thanks to Wurz number ΘmGreater than 1 original hypothesis is unreasonable；
Then thank to Wurz number Θ by maximummHypothesis greater than 1 is calculated, the dynamic bed surface roughness height k obtained by formula (3)N=
5ΘmD substitutes into formula (2), and association type (1), obtains formula (4)
The size that friction factor f is solved from formula (4) is substituted into formula (1) and obtains maximum and thanks to Wurz number ΘmIf acquired results are greater than
Assume for 1 rationally, maximum to be thanked to Wurz number ΘmSubstitution formula (3) must move bed surface roughness height kNValue.
4. the determination method of a kind of pumping plant approach channel as claimed in claim 3 and forebay water body carrying rate, it is characterised in that: described
In step 3), sedimentation time and flowing of the sediment settlement speed w and silt of pumping plant approach channel and forebay water body in sediment transport layer
The calculating process of the ratio Ψ of cycle T is as follows:
In formula, ν is the kinematic viscosity coefficient of water.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109325254A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-02-12 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Drain calculation method, system and the device of channel sand holding ability |
| CN111259606B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2021-12-14 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for determining flow velocity distribution of sand-containing moving bed surface of pump station approach and forebay |
| CN111291459B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2022-02-08 | 中国农业大学 | Method and system for determining silt flux of pump station approach channel and forebay |
| CN111208274B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2022-12-09 | 中国农业大学 | Method and system for determining distribution of silt concentration of water bodies of pump station approach channel and forebay |
| CN111236132B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-02-02 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for determining single-width sand conveying rate of pump station approach channel and front pool |
| CN111324934A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-06-23 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for determining total amount of suspended sand in pump station approach channel and forebay |
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