CN106773176B - Liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle and driving method - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle and driving method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
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Abstract
A liquid crystal display device with switchable visual angles and a driving method are provided, wherein the liquid crystal display device comprises a display panel, the display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate is provided with a touch circuit layer and a touch induction electrode layer at one side facing the liquid crystal layer, the touch circuit layer comprises a plurality of touch circuits, the touch induction electrode layer comprises a plurality of touch induction electrodes arranged in an array manner, the second substrate is provided with a common electrode and a pixel electrode at one side facing the liquid crystal layer, and the common electrode applies a direct current common voltage; each frame of picture of the display panel comprises a display time period and a touch time period, and in the display time period, a direct current voltage signal or an alternating current voltage signal is applied to a touch sensing electrode in a touch sensing electrode layer to realize wide and narrow visual angle switching; in the touch time period, a touch detection voltage signal is applied to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer to realize touch detection.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angles and a driving method thereof.
Background
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays. The liquid crystal display device includes opposing color filter substrates (CF) and a thin film transistor array substrate (TFTarray) and a liquid crystal layer (LC layer) interposed therebetween.
Liquid crystal display devices are now gradually developed toward wide viewing angles, and wide viewing angles can be realized by using liquid crystal display devices of an in-plane switching mode (IPS) or a fringe field switching mode (FFS). However, in the current society, people pay more and more attention to protecting their privacy, and do not like to take out and share with people. In public places, the content is always expected to be kept secret when the user watches a mobile phone or browses a computer. Therefore, the display with single viewing angle mode has not been able to satisfy the user's requirement. In addition to the requirement of a wide viewing angle, there is also a need to be able to switch or adjust the display device to a narrow viewing angle mode where privacy is required.
In order to realize the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles of the liquid crystal display device, there is a method of applying a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a color filter substrate to realize a narrow viewing angle mode. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, wherein the first substrate 11 is a color filter substrate, the second substrate 12 is a thin film transistor array substrate, the first substrate 11 is provided with a viewing angle control electrode 111, and the second substrate 12 is provided with a pixel electrode (not shown) and a common electrode (not shown).
As shown in fig. 1, when a wide viewing angle display is required, the viewing angle control electrode 111 of the first substrate 11 applies the same voltage as the common electrode, so that the potential difference between the viewing angle control electrode 111 and the common electrode of the second substrate 12 is zero, and the liquid crystal display device realizes the wide viewing angle display under the in-plane electric field between the pixel electrode and the common electrode.
As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle display is required, a voltage different from that of the common electrode is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 111 of the first substrate 11, so that a certain potential difference exists between the viewing angle control electrode 111 and the common electrode of the second substrate 12, a vertical electric field (as shown by an arrow E in the figure) is generated between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 tilt and tilt due to the vertical electric field while rotating horizontally in an in-plane electric field between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and this characteristic of the liquid crystal causes large-angle viewing light leakage in a dark state, so that the contrast of the liquid crystal display device in the large viewing angle direction is reduced, and finally, the narrow viewing angle display is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in the narrow viewing angle display, the voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 111 is generally a periodic ac voltage, the voltage applied to the common electrode is a DC common voltage (i.e., DC Vcom), the ac voltage of the viewing angle control electrode 111 fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage of the common electrode, the ac voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 111 is a triangular wave and the frequency thereof is the same as the frame frequency (frame frequency) of the liquid crystal display device, that is, the ac voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 111 refreshes one period every refresh 1 frame (frame) of the liquid crystal display device, and keeps synchronous with the refresh of each frame.
In the liquid crystal display device, when displaying with a narrow viewing angle, the voltage of the pixel electrode in each sub-pixel is coupled by the ac voltage of the viewing angle control electrode 111, which causes the voltage of the pixel electrode to change after charging. Taking the ac voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 111 in fig. 3 as an example, since the viewing angle control electrode 111 is a planar electrode covering the entire panel, the ac voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 111 has a large voltage jump (voltage from minimum to maximum and slope is large) in the initial stage (as shown by the dashed line box in the figure), and the voltage jump of the ac voltage in the initial stage has a large influence on the voltage coupling of the sub-pixels in the entire panel.
As shown in fig. 4, the liquid crystal display device performs scanning in a top-to-bottom direction when displaying one frame, corresponding to the initial stage of the AC voltage, the LCD device is just in the process of scanning the upper frame, so the sub-pixels at the upper end of the LCD device are charged to the correct driving voltage, the voltage jump of the ac voltage at the initial stage has a small influence on the coupling at the upper end of the liquid crystal display device, but for the sub-pixels at the lower end of the liquid crystal display device, after being affected by the voltage jump coupling of the initial stage of the AC voltage, the LCD device needs to be charged to the correct driving voltage until the lower end of the LCD device is scanned, the voltage coupling influence of the voltage sudden change of the alternating voltage at the initial stage on the lower terminal pixel of the liquid crystal display device exists for a long time, and slight regional band mura (band mura) is easily formed near the lower end of the liquid crystal display device. The prior art method for solving this problem is to reduce the influence of display unevenness caused by optimizing the drive waveform and the drive voltage of the alternating voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode, but cannot completely eliminate the influence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device with switchable visual angles and a driving method, which are convenient for realizing wide and narrow visual angles switching in different occasions and can also improve the problem of forming regional band-shaped display unevenness (band mura) at the lower end of the liquid crystal display device by adjusting the time sequence of an applied alternating voltage signal.
The embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal display device with switchable visual angles, which comprises a display panel, wherein the display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, a touch circuit layer and a touch induction electrode layer are arranged on one side of the first substrate, which faces the liquid crystal layer, the touch circuit layer comprises a plurality of touch circuits, the touch induction electrode layer comprises a plurality of touch induction electrodes which are arranged in an array mode, a common electrode and a pixel electrode are arranged on one side of the second substrate, which faces the liquid crystal layer, and the common electrode applies a direct current common voltage; each frame of picture of the display panel comprises a display time period and a touch time period, and in the display time period, a direct current voltage signal or an alternating current voltage signal is applied to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer to realize wide and narrow visual angle switching; in the touch time period, a touch detection voltage signal is applied to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer to realize touch detection.
Further, in the display time period, when a direct current voltage signal or a first alternating current voltage signal is applied to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer, and the potential difference between the direct current voltage signal or the first alternating current voltage signal and the direct current common voltage is smaller than a first preset value, the liquid crystal display device is in a first visual angle mode; in the display time period, when a second alternating voltage signal is applied to the touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer and the potential difference between the second alternating voltage signal and the direct current common voltage is greater than a second preset value, the liquid crystal display device is in a second visual angle mode.
Further, the liquid crystal layer uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode.
Further, the liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
Furthermore, an insulating layer is arranged between the touch circuit layer and the touch sensing electrode layer, one end of each touch circuit in the touch circuit layer is electrically connected with the corresponding touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer through a contact hole, and the other end of each touch circuit in the touch circuit layer is electrically connected with the touch driving chip.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method of the liquid crystal display device, including:
applying a dc common voltage to the common electrode;
when the liquid crystal display device is required to be switched to a first visual angle mode, in the display time period, applying a direct current voltage signal or a first alternating current voltage signal to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer, wherein the potential difference between the direct current voltage signal or the first alternating current voltage signal and the direct current public voltage is smaller than a first preset value; applying a touch detection voltage signal to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer in the touch time period;
when the liquid crystal display device is required to be switched to a second visual angle mode, in the display time period, a second alternating voltage signal is applied to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer, wherein the potential difference between the second alternating voltage signal and the direct current public voltage is larger than a second preset value; and applying a touch detection voltage signal to a touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer in the touch time period.
Further, in the first view angle mode, the potential difference between the dc voltage signal or the first ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is less than 1V; in the second viewing angle mode, the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is greater than 2V.
Further, when the liquid crystal layer employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; when the liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
Further, in the display time period, when the second ac voltage signal is applied to the touch sensing electrode in the touch sensing electrode layer, the method specifically includes: the display panel is divided into a plurality of display areas which are sequentially arranged along a scanning direction, the second alternating voltage signal is respectively applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode in each display area, and when each display area starts to scan, the second alternating voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode in the display area is at the maximum voltage value.
Furthermore, each display area in the plurality of display areas corresponds to one or more rows of touch sensing electrodes.
Further, the waveform of the second alternating voltage signal is a triangular wave with an abrupt voltage increase.
Furthermore, the liquid crystal display device is provided with a visual angle switching key for a user to send a visual angle switching signal to the liquid crystal display device.
According to the liquid crystal display device with switchable visual angles and the driving method, the touch sensing electrodes are used for adopting a time division multiplexing mode, so that image display and touch detection are alternately carried out, and the combination of visual angle switching control and embedded touch is realized. The voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode is controlled in the image display stage (namely, the display time period), so that the visual angle switching control of the display panel between the wide visual angle mode and the narrow visual angle mode can be realized, the liquid crystal display device is convenient to use in different public or private occasions, the visual angle control electrode does not need to be additionally arranged in the first substrate, the manufacturing process can be simplified, the cost is reduced, and the thickness of the module is reduced.
Furthermore, the display panel can be divided into a plurality of display areas which are sequentially arranged along the scanning direction, the second alternating voltage signal is respectively applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode in each display area, and when each display area starts to scan, the second alternating voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode in the display area is just at the maximum voltage value, so that the problem of forming regional band-shaped display unevenness (band mura) at the lower end of the liquid crystal display device in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the liquid crystal display devices at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 1 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of voltage waveforms applied to the viewing angle controlling electrodes at the time of a narrow viewing angle in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the occurrence of band mura in the liquid crystal display device at a narrow viewing angle.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the touch circuit layer and the touch sensing electrode layer in the first substrate of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driving sequence of the LCD device in FIG. 5 at a wide viewing angle.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another driving sequence of the LCD device in FIG. 5 at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 5 at a narrow viewing angle.
FIG. 10 is a timing diagram of a driving sequence of the LCD device in FIG. 9 with a narrow viewing angle.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 11 at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 13a to 13b are schematic plan views of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
With the rapid development of display technology, Touch screens (Touch panels) have gradually spread throughout the lives of people. At present, a touch screen can be divided into: overlay surface type Touch screens (On Cell Touch panels) and In Cell Touch panels (In Cell Touch panels). Wherein, embedded touch-control electrode with the touch-sensitive screen is embedded inside liquid crystal display, can attenuate the holistic thickness of module, can reduce the cost of manufacture of touch-sensitive screen again, receives each big panel producer's favor. Embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid crystal display device with an in-cell touch screen, which can implement wide and narrow viewing angle switching in different situations, and can also improve the problem of uneven band display (band mura) in a region formed near the lower end of the liquid crystal display device by adjusting a driving timing.
[ first embodiment ]
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device in a first embodiment of the invention at a wide viewing angle, and referring to fig. 5, the liquid crystal display device includes a display panel 20, the display panel 20 includes a first substrate 21, a second substrate 22 disposed opposite to the first substrate 21, and a liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22. The first substrate 21 is a color filter substrate, and the second substrate 22 is a thin film transistor array substrate.
The liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is a liquid crystal display device using modes such as In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode, Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode, and the like, In which a common electrode and a pixel electrode are both formed on the same substrate (i.e., a thin film transistor array substrate), and when an electric Field for display is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, liquid crystal molecules rotate In a Plane substantially parallel to the substrate to obtain a wide viewing angle. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device will be described by taking a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode as an example.
The first substrate 21 is provided with a touch circuit layer 211, a touch sensing electrode layer 213, and a first insulating layer 215 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 23. The first insulating layer 215 is disposed between the touch circuit layer 211 and the touch sensing electrode layer 213. The Touch circuit layer 211 and the Touch sensing electrode layer 213 form an In Cell Touch Panel (In Cell Touch Panel) In the first substrate 21.
Referring to fig. 6, which is a schematic plan view of a touch circuit layer 211 and a touch sensing electrode layer 213 in a first substrate 21, the touch circuit layer 211 includes a plurality of touch circuits 212, and the touch sensing electrode layer 213 includes a plurality of touch sensing electrodes 214 arranged in an array, that is, the touch sensing electrodes 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, each row of the touch sensing electrodes 214 is along a scan line direction, and each column of the touch sensing electrodes 214 is along a data line direction. The first insulating layer 215 is provided with a contact hole 216 corresponding to each touch sensing electrode 214, one end of each touch line 212 in the touch line layer 211 is electrically connected to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 through the contact hole 216, and the other end of each touch line 212 in the touch line layer 211 is electrically connected to the touch driving chip 30.
It is understood that the first substrate 21 is further provided with a color resist layer, a Black Matrix (BM), a flat layer, etc., but since these structures are not related to the present invention, they are not described herein again.
The second substrate 22 is provided with a common electrode 221, a pixel electrode 222, and a second insulating layer 223 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 23. The second insulating layer 223 is disposed between the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the second substrate 22 is further provided with a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines, and the plurality of scan lines and the plurality of data lines intersect with each other to define a plurality of sub-pixels (sub-pixels) arranged in an array. Each sub-pixel is provided with a pixel electrode 222 and a Thin Film Transistor (TFT), each TFT includes a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, wherein the gate electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding scan line, the source/drain electrodes are electrically connected to the corresponding data line, and the drain/source electrodes are electrically connected to the corresponding pixel electrode 222.
The common electrode 221, the pixel electrode 222 and the touch sensing electrode 214 may be made of transparent conductive materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO). Wherein, the common electrode 221 is used for applying a common voltage (i.e. Vcom) during the picture display, in the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage signal applied by the common electrode 221 is a DC common voltage (i.e. DC Vcom) in both the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. The touch sensing electrode 214 is time-division multiplexing and has dual purposes of view angle control and touch sensing, and is used for controlling the display panel 20 to perform view angle switching in the display stage and touch sensing detection in the touch stage, as described below.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 5, in the initial state (i.e., the state where no voltage is applied to the display panel 20), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 assume a lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates 21, 22, and the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates 21, 22.
Referring to fig. 5 to 10, each frame (frame) of the display panel 20 includes a display time period T1 and a touch time period T2. In the display time period T1, the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 applies a dc voltage signal or an ac voltage signal to switch the viewing angle of the display panel 20; in the touch time period T2, the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 applies a touch detection voltage signal to implement touch detection of the display panel 20.
Referring to fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram of a driving timing sequence of the liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle, in a display time period T1, when the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 applies a DC voltage signal and a potential difference between the DC voltage signal and a DC common voltage (DC Vcom) applied to the common electrode 221 is smaller than a first preset value (e.g., 1V), the liquid crystal display device is in a first viewing angle mode (in this embodiment, a wide viewing angle mode). To realize the wide viewing angle mode, in the display period T1, the dc voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 is preferably equal to the dc common voltage applied to the common electrode 221, that is, the potential difference between the dc voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 and the dc common voltage applied to the common electrode 221 is zero, as shown in fig. 7.
Referring to fig. 5 and 7, in the display time period T1, since the potential difference between the dc voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 and the dc common voltage applied to the common electrode 221 is small (e.g., smaller than 1V), so that the bias voltage between the touch sensing electrode 214 of the first substrate 21 and the common electrode 221 of the second substrate 22 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 is almost not changed, and the liquid crystal molecules still keep in a lying posture, and the liquid crystal molecules are driven to rotate in a plane parallel to the substrates 21 and 22 by the in-plane electric field formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 on the same substrate (i.e., the second substrate 22) during displaying, so that the liquid crystal molecules realize a wide viewing angle mode under the action of the strong in-plane electric field.
Referring to fig. 8, another driving timing diagram of the liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle is shown, in order to realize the wide viewing angle display, in the display time period T1, the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 may also apply a first ac voltage signal with a smaller amplitude, as long as the potential difference between the first ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage (DCVcom) applied to the common electrode 221 is smaller than a first preset value (e.g., 1V), and the first ac voltage signal may be, for example, a square wave, a sine wave, a triangular wave, or the like (in the figure, a sine wave is taken as an example), and fluctuates up and down around the dc common voltage applied to the common electrode 221. Since the potential difference between the first ac voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 and the dc common voltage applied to the common electrode 221 is small (e.g., smaller than 1V), the bias voltage between the touch sensing electrode 214 of the first substrate 21 and the common electrode 221 of the second substrate 22 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 is hardly changed, and the liquid crystal molecules are still kept in a lying posture, so that a wide viewing angle display can be realized.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 5 at a narrow viewing angle, and fig. 10 is a schematic driving timing diagram of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 9 at the narrow viewing angle, please refer to fig. 9 and fig. 10, wherein in a display time period T1, when the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 applies the second ac voltage signal with a larger amplitude and the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the DC common voltage (DC Vcom) applied to the common electrode 221 is larger than a second predetermined value (e.g., 2V), the liquid crystal display device is in a second viewing angle mode (in the embodiment, the narrow viewing angle mode).
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the display time period T1, since the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 and the dc common voltage applied to the common electrode 221 is large (e.g., larger than 2V), so that the bias voltage between the touch sensing electrode 214 of the first substrate 21 and the common electrode 221 of the second substrate 22 is large, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the two substrates 21 and 22 (as shown by an arrow E in fig. 9). The positive liquid crystal molecules rotate along the direction parallel to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules deflect under the action of the vertical electric field, the inclination angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 21 and 22 is increased and tilted, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the lying posture to the inclined posture, large-angle observation light leakage occurs when the display panel 20 is in a dark state, the contrast of the display panel 20 is reduced in the large visual angle direction, and narrow visual angle display is finally realized.
In the embodiment, when the narrow viewing angle mode is switched, the potential difference between the touch sensing electrode 214 and the common electrode 221 is large (for example, larger than 2V), and the voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 is an ac voltage signal, so that the direction of the vertical electric field generated between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 can be varied back and forth, the vertical electric field is prevented from always being the same direction, and the polarization phenomenon of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 is avoided.
In the narrow viewing angle mode, the second ac voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 may be a square wave, a sine wave, a triangle wave, or the like (the triangle wave is taken as an example in the figure), and fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage (DC Vcom) applied to the common electrode 221. In this embodiment, the waveform of the second ac voltage signal is preferably a triangular wave with a sudden upward voltage change, as shown in fig. 10, the second ac voltage signal with the triangular waveform has a relatively slow voltage change except for the sudden upward voltage change stage, and has a small influence on the voltage coupling of the pixel electrode, so that the display panel 20 has a good display effect in a narrow viewing angle.
As shown in fig. 10, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the driving timing of the second ac voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 is further adjusted in this embodiment, so that the problem of the band mura (band mura) formed near the lower end of the liquid crystal display device can be improved. Specifically, in the display period T1, when the second ac voltage signal is applied to the touch sensing electrodes 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213, the display panel 20 is divided into a plurality of display regions P1 to Pn arranged in sequence along the scanning direction, the second ac voltage signal is respectively applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrodes 214 in each display region, and when the scanning is started, the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrodes 214 in each display region is at the voltage maximum.
In fig. 10, taking the example of dividing the display panel 20 into four display regions P1-P4 along the scanning direction, assuming that the time required for the scanning of each of the four display regions P1-P4 is t1, t2, t3, t4, when the first display region P1 starts scanning (i.e., the initial scanning time of one frame), the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the first display region P1 is at the maximum voltage; when the second display region P2 starts scanning (corresponding to time t1), the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the second display region P2 is at the maximum voltage; when the third display region P3 starts scanning (corresponding to the time t1+ t2), the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the third display region P3 is at the voltage maximum; when the fourth display region P4 starts scanning (corresponding to the time t1+ t2+ t 3), the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the fourth display region P4 is at the maximum voltage.
That is, in the narrow viewing angle mode, although the voltage signals applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrodes 214 in each display region are the second ac voltage signals, the second ac voltage signals applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrodes 214 in the display regions P1-Pn are not synchronous, but have a certain phase difference.
The number of display regions into which the display panel 20 is divided along the scanning direction is not limited, and the number of display regions into which the display panel 20 is divided along the scanning direction may be adjusted as needed. Specifically, each of the plurality of display regions P1 Pn may correspond to one or more rows of touch sensing electrodes 214. If the display panel 20 is divided into a larger number of display regions along the scanning direction, the scanning time per display region is shorter, and the design of the driving circuit is relatively complicated, so that comprehensive consideration is required.
In this embodiment, when the second ac voltage signal with a larger amplitude is applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the display time period T1, the liquid crystal display device switches to the narrow viewing angle display, and the voltage of the pixel electrode in each sub-pixel is coupled by the second ac voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214, so that the voltage of the pixel electrode changes after being charged. When the waveform of the second ac voltage signal is a triangular wave with a sudden voltage change, the voltage coupling of the sub-pixels in the panel is greatly affected by the sudden voltage change stage of the second ac voltage signal. However, in the present embodiment, the display panel 20 is divided into a plurality of display regions P1 Pn sequentially arranged along the scanning direction, and the second AC voltage signal is applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in each of the display regions P1 Pn, and when each display area starts to scan, the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the display area is just at its voltage maximum, such that each display area, when subjected to a sudden voltage change of the second alternating voltage signal, is exactly in the scan of the display area, therefore, the sub-pixels in the display area will be charged to the correct driving voltage, so that the influence of the abrupt voltage change of the second AC voltage signal on the coupling of the pixel electrodes is minimized, therefore, the problem that the regional band-shaped display unevenness (band mura) is formed near the lower end of the liquid crystal display device in the prior art is solved.
As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 10, in the present embodiment, no matter in the wide viewing angle mode or in the narrow viewing angle mode, in the touch time period T2, the touch sensing electrodes 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 apply the touch detection voltage signal to realize the touch detection of the display panel 20, which is illustrated as a dense square wave. In the touch time period T2, when a human body touches the touch screen, the electric field of the human body acts on the sensing capacitor, so that the capacitance value of the sensing capacitor changes, and further changes the voltage/current signal coupled by the touch sensing electrode 214, and the position of the touch point can be determined according to the change of the voltage/current signal.
In this embodiment, assuming that the frame frequency of the display panel 20 is 60Hz, the refresh period of each frame of the image is 1/60 seconds, i.e. 16.67 milliseconds, wherein the display time period T1 may occupy 11.67 milliseconds, and the remaining 5 milliseconds may be the touch time period T2, but is not limited thereto. The second ac voltage signal is a periodic ac voltage signal, and in this embodiment, the period of the second ac voltage signal may be the same as the display time period T1, i.e., 11.67 milliseconds.
Therefore, the display panel 20 of the present embodiment uses the touch sensing electrodes 214 to perform time division multiplexing, so that the image display and the touch detection are performed alternately, and the combination of the view angle switching control and the in-cell touch control is realized. In the image display stage (i.e., the display time period T1), the voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 is controlled, so that the viewing angle switching control of the display panel 20 between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode can be realized, the liquid crystal display device can be conveniently used in different public or private situations, and no additional viewing angle control electrode is required to be arranged in the first substrate 21, which simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces the cost and reduces the thickness of the module.
Furthermore, the display panel 20 may be divided into a plurality of display regions P1-Pn sequentially arranged along the scanning direction, the second ac voltage signal is applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in each display region, and when each display region starts scanning, the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in the display region is just at the voltage maximum, so as to improve the problem of forming the regional band mura at the lower end of the liquid crystal display device in the prior art.
[ second embodiment ]
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle in fig. 11, please refer to fig. 11 and fig. 12, the main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a liquid crystal layer 23 in this embodiment adopts negative liquid crystal molecules. With the technical progress, the performance of the negative liquid crystal is remarkably improved, and the application is more and more extensive. As shown in fig. 11, in the initial state (i.e., the state where no voltage is applied to the display panel 20), the negative liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 have an initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrates 21 and 22, i.e., the negative liquid crystal molecules are in an inclined posture with respect to the substrates 21 and 22 in the initial state.
Referring to fig. 11, with reference to fig. 7 and 8, in a display time period T1, when the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 applies a DC voltage signal or a first ac voltage signal, and a potential difference between the DC voltage signal or the first ac voltage signal and a DC common voltage (DC Vcom) applied to the common electrode 221 is smaller than a first preset value (e.g., 1V), since a bias voltage between the touch sensing electrode 214 and the common electrode 221 is smaller, a tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 hardly changes, and the liquid crystal layer still maintains an inclined posture, so that a large-angle viewing light leakage occurs when the display panel 20 is in a dark state, and a contrast of the display panel 20 in a large viewing angle direction is reduced, so that the liquid crystal display device is in a first viewing angle mode (in this embodiment, a narrow viewing angle mode).
Referring to fig. 12 in conjunction with fig. 10, in the display time period T1, when the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 applies the second ac voltage signal, and the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the DC common voltage (DC Vcom) applied to the common electrode 221 is greater than the second preset value (e.g. 2V), a stronger vertical electric field (as shown by an arrow E in fig. 12) is formed between the two substrates 21 and 22 due to the larger bias voltage between the touch sensing electrode 214 and the common electrode 221. Since the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected in a direction perpendicular to the electric field lines by the electric field, the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected by the vertical electric field, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 21, 22 is reduced. When the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules is reduced to the lying position substantially parallel to the substrates 21, 22, the light leakage phenomenon at a large angle is reduced when the display panel 20 is in the dark state, so that the contrast of the display panel 20 in the large viewing angle direction is improved, and the viewing angle is increased, so that the liquid crystal display device is in the second viewing angle mode (in this embodiment, the wide viewing angle mode).
For other structures of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
[ third embodiment ]
The present invention also provides a driving method of a liquid crystal display device, for driving the liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle, the driving method comprising:
applying a direct current common voltage (i.e., DC Vcom) to the common electrode 221;
when the liquid crystal display device needs to be switched to the first viewing angle mode, in a display time period T1, applying a DC voltage signal or a first ac voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213, wherein a potential difference between the DC voltage signal or the first ac voltage signal and the DC common voltage (DC Vcom) is smaller than a first preset value; and applying a touch detection voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 for a touch time period T2;
when the liquid crystal display device needs to be switched to the second viewing angle mode, in a display time period T1, applying a second ac voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213, wherein a potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the DC common voltage (DC Vcom) is greater than a second preset value; and applying a touch detection voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213 for a touch time period T2.
Preferably, in the first viewing angle mode, the potential difference between the dc voltage signal or the first ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is less than 1V; in the second viewing angle mode, the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is greater than 2V.
Further, when the liquid crystal layer 23 employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; when the liquid crystal layer 23 employs negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
Further, in the display time period T1, when the second ac voltage signal is applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the touch sensing electrode layer 213, the method specifically includes: the display panel 20 is divided into a plurality of display regions P1-Pn arranged in sequence along the scanning direction, the second ac voltage signal is applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in each display region, and the second ac voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode 214 in each display region is at the maximum voltage when the scanning is started.
Further, each of the display regions P1 Pn corresponds to one or more rows of touch sensing electrodes 214.
Further, the waveform of the second alternating voltage signal is a triangular wave with an abrupt voltage increase.
Further, as shown in fig. 13a and 13b, the liquid crystal display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 50 for a user to send a viewing angle switching signal to the liquid crystal display device.
The viewing angle switching key 50 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 13 a), and the viewing angle switching key 50 may be disposed on the liquid crystal display device in a protruding manner, so that a user can send a viewing angle switching signal to the liquid crystal display device by touching and pressing; the view switching key 50 may also be a software control or an application program (APP) to implement the view switching function (as shown in fig. 13b, the wide and narrow view is set by touching the slider).
Taking the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 5 to 10 in the first embodiment as an example, under normal conditions, the touch driving chip 30 applies a dc voltage signal or a first ac voltage signal with a smaller amplitude to the touch sensing electrode 214 during the display time period T1, and the liquid crystal display device is in the wide viewing angle mode; when a user needs to switch to the narrow viewing angle mode due to a peep-proof requirement, the user may operate the viewing angle switching key 50 to send a viewing angle switching signal, and after receiving the viewing angle switching signal, the touch driving chip 30 applies a second ac voltage signal with a larger amplitude to the touch sensing electrode 214 in the display time period T1, so that a larger potential difference is generated between the touch sensing electrode 214 on the first substrate 21 and the common electrode 221 on the second substrate 22, and a stronger vertical electric field E is generated between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, and the vertical electric field E drives the liquid crystal molecules to deflect from the lying posture to the inclined posture, thereby realizing switching from the wide viewing angle mode to the narrow viewing angle mode. When the narrow viewing angle display is not required, the user can cancel the second ac voltage signal applied to the touch sensing electrode 214 by operating the viewing angle switching key 50 again, and apply a dc voltage signal or a first ac voltage signal with a smaller amplitude to the touch sensing electrode 214 instead, thereby returning to the wide viewing angle display again. Therefore, by providing the viewing angle switching key 50, the liquid crystal display device can have strong operational flexibility and convenience.
The driving method of the present embodiment is the same as the liquid crystal display device in the above embodiments, and further details of the driving method can be referred to the description of the liquid crystal display device in the above embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A liquid crystal display device with switchable visual angles comprises a display panel (20), wherein the display panel (20) comprises a first substrate (21), a second substrate (22) arranged opposite to the first substrate (21) and a liquid crystal layer (23) positioned between the first substrate (21) and the second substrate (22), a common electrode (221) and a pixel electrode (222) are arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer (23), of the second substrate (22), and a direct-current common voltage is applied to the common electrode (221); the liquid crystal display panel is characterized in that a touch line layer (211) and a touch sensing electrode layer (213) are arranged on one side of the first substrate (21) facing the liquid crystal layer (23), the touch line layer (211) comprises a plurality of touch lines (212), the touch sensing electrode layer (213) comprises a plurality of touch sensing electrodes (214) which are arranged in an array manner, and one end of each touch line (212) in the touch line layer (211) is electrically connected with the corresponding touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213); each frame of the display panel (20) comprises a display time period (T1) and a touch time period (T2), and in the display time period (T1), the touch sensing electrodes (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) apply a direct current voltage signal or an alternating current voltage signal to realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching; in the touch time period (T2), the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) applies a touch detection voltage signal to realize touch detection.
2. The switchable viewing angle lcd of claim 1, wherein in the display time period (T1), when the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) applies a dc voltage signal or a first ac voltage signal, and the potential difference between the dc voltage signal or the first ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is smaller than a first predetermined value, the lcd is in a first viewing angle mode; in the display time period (T1), when a second ac voltage signal is applied to the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) and the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is greater than a second predetermined value, the lcd device is in a second viewing angle mode.
3. A liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal layer (23) employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode.
4. A liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal layer (23) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
5. The switchable viewing angle lcd of claim 1, wherein an insulating layer (215) is disposed between the touch circuit layer (211) and the touch sensing electrode layer (213), one end of each touch circuit (212) in the touch circuit layer (211) is electrically connected to a corresponding touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) through a contact hole (216), and the other end of each touch circuit (212) in the touch circuit layer (211) is electrically connected to the touch driving chip (30).
6. A driving method of a liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
applying a dc common voltage to the common electrode (221);
when the liquid crystal display device needs to be switched to a first viewing angle mode, in the display time period (T1), applying a direct current voltage signal or a first alternating current voltage signal to a touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213), wherein a potential difference between the direct current voltage signal or the first alternating current voltage signal and the direct current common voltage is smaller than a first preset value; and applying a touch detection voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) during the touch time period (T2);
when the liquid crystal display device needs to be switched to a second visual angle mode, in the display time period (T1), applying a second alternating voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213), wherein the potential difference between the second alternating voltage signal and the direct current common voltage is greater than a second preset value; and applying a touch detection voltage signal to the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213) during the touch time period (T2).
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the first viewing angle mode, the potential difference between the DC voltage signal or the first AC voltage signal and the DC common voltage is less than 1V; in the second viewing angle mode, the potential difference between the second ac voltage signal and the dc common voltage is greater than 2V.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein when the liquid crystal layer (23) employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; when the liquid crystal layer (23) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein in the display time period (T1), when the second ac voltage signal is applied to the touch sensing electrode (214) in the touch sensing electrode layer (213), the method specifically comprises: the display panel (20) is divided into a plurality of display areas (P1-Pn) which are sequentially arranged along the scanning direction, the second alternating voltage signal is respectively applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode (214) in each display area, and when the scanning of each display area is started, the second alternating voltage signal applied to the corresponding touch sensing electrode (214) in the display area is at the maximum voltage.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of display regions (P1-Pn) corresponds to one or more rows of touch sensing electrodes (214).
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the waveform of the second AC voltage signal is a triangular wave with a sudden voltage increase.
12. The method of any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the LCD device is provided with a viewing angle switching key (50) for a user to send a viewing angle switching signal to the LCD device.
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| TWI607364B (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2017-12-01 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Touch display panel and driving method thereof |
| CN107229163B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-12-20 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and driving method |
| CN108196380A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | The liquid crystal display device and driving method that visual angle can be switched |
| CN108694922B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-11-03 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Common voltage driving method and device and display device |
| CN110673366B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2022-08-26 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN111240108A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-05 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Touch display panel and display device |
| CN111679461B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-09-23 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display device with switchable field of view and display method thereof |
| WO2022061747A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Touch-control method, touch-control circuit, and touch-control apparatus |
| CN112965628B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2024-04-09 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Electronic equipment, cover plate thereof, control method and control device |
| CN114153087B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2024-02-09 | 厦门天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN114740644A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-12 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and display terminal |
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