CN106769177B - Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling method - Google Patents
Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769177B CN106769177B CN201611054745.1A CN201611054745A CN106769177B CN 106769177 B CN106769177 B CN 106769177B CN 201611054745 A CN201611054745 A CN 201611054745A CN 106769177 B CN106769177 B CN 106769177B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling methods.It is easy to slide along sampler inner wall in sampling for high-moisture percentage weak soil；Soil column is easily disturbed in finishing, separation and last handling process；Sampler inner cavity is difficult to the problems such as clearing up, and proposes a solution.The sampler includes sampler, locator and separator.Smoothly sampling is realized by thief rod, steering base, force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, is generated negative pressure in force-transmitting seat inner cavity using piston and baffle, is prevented soil sample from sliding.Finishing, separation and the encapsulation of earth pillar are realized by split internal lining pipe and separator.Method scheme: removing the miscellaneous soil of skim-coat, assembles sampler, sampler is pressed into certain depth；Then lift thief rod, closes force-transmitting seat inner cavity；Sampler is screwed out, sampler barrel is removed, is released internal lining pipe with separator, covers encapsulation.Present apparatus structure is simple and convenient to operate, and sampling disturbance is small, high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sampler and sampling method, especially a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device
And sampling method.Belong to geotechnical engineering field, takes soil suitable for geotechnical engineering investigation surface layer and shallow-layer original state, be also applied for geotechnological examination
It tests and scientific research shallow-layer undisturbed soil samples.
Background technique
Undisturbed soil sampling is the basic content of geotechnical engineering investigation and scientific research.Undisturbed soil is due to its distinctive structure
Property and physico-mechanical properties, become the important document of the subjects scientific research such as soil science, soil mechanics, engineering geology, agrology.?
Just because of its unique complicated engineering mechanics property, will reduce disturbance to the greatest extent in the sampling process of undisturbed soil, guarantee that it is natural
Structure is not damaged, how it is quick and it is undisturbed take undisturbed, be to guarantee that engineering geological survey and scientific experimentation research are quasi-
The premise of true property and reliability.
Recent deposit weak soil has very important science because of the mechanical property and higher cause calamity of its Special complex
Meaning and practical value.But due to its high-moisture percentage, macrovoid ratio, high-compressibility, high sensitivity, easily disturbed in sampling process
It is dynamic；Weak soil in stream modeling and soft-plastic state easily slides along sampler inner wall during taking soil；And soil sample with sampler
Separation and soil sample are easily disturbed during sealing up for safekeeping.Thus need a kind of sampler of high-efficient simple, a set of support sampling
Device and the fast and reliable sampling method formed solve the problems, such as that the sampling of shallow layer soft soil undisturbed is difficult.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, hold for current high-moisture percentage shallow layer soft soil in sampling
Easily slid along sampler inner wall；Soil column is easily disturbed during finishing, separation；Sampler inner cavity, which is difficult to clear up etc., asks
Topic, proposes a solution.Guarantee that sampler leaves when taking native face, soil sample will not be fallen out of sampler because of high-moisture characteristic
Out.Reduce soil sample in acquisition, separate and disturbance that the process of sealing up for safekeeping is subject to.The device simple structure, easy to operate, method is simple,
It is easy to grasp.It realizes sample-sample separation-sample and seals integration up for safekeeping, have broad application prospects.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device mainly includes sampler, locator and separator.
Sampler includes handle, thief rod, steering base, force-transmitting seat, piston, baffle and sampler barrel.The setting of thief rod upper end
Handle, the integrated welding of thief rod lower end and steering base, piston, steering base lower end is force-transmitting seat, and card slot is arranged at the top of force-transmitting seat
And piston hole, steering base insertion force-transmitting seat card slot can simultaneously be slided up and down along card slot, piston is inserted into force-transmitting seat and slides with force-transmitting seat
Dynamic connection.Piston bottom end and baffle are connected through a screw thread fixation.The four direction of the force-transmitting seat conical surface is symmetrically arranged with gas vent, with
The perforation of force-transmitting seat inner cavity.The exit of gas vent is correspondingly arranged baffle, and baffle is hinged with the force-transmitting seat conical surface and just can the row of covering
Stomata.Force-transmitting seat bottom end is connected and fixed by screw thread and sampler barrel, is split internal lining pipe made of organic glass in sampler barrel, interior
Bushing pipe is close to sampler barrel inner wall, is fixed by the hollow plastic sheet of upper end and the bolt of lower end, and sampler barrel lower end is necking section.
Locator includes horizontal platform and bracket, and limit hole and the sampling drum outer wall of horizontal platform fit closely, horizontal platform panel
On have one cross one indulge two spirit bubbles, can determine whether horizontal platform horizontal.Triangular supports and horizontal platform pass through positioning screw hole
Foot piece is arranged in connection, bracket one end, passes through foot piece by long pin between bracket and bracket, bracket and ground and is connected and fixed.
Separator includes bottom plate, fixed cylinder, support ring, ejector dozer, screw rod and wind.The side of bottom plate, which is arranged, to be fixed
Cylinder, fixed cylinder one end are arranged screw thread, can be threadably secured and connect with sampler barrel, threaded passage are arranged in cylinder, it can be ensured that spiral shell
The precession and retraction of bar.Screw rod passes through fixed cylinder, and one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer, and the other end is fixedly connected with wind.Bottom
Support ring is arranged in the other side of plate, is used to support sampler barrel.Shaking wind makes screw rod precession, can be pushed away by ejector dozer advance
Internal lining pipe and soil sample in sampler barrel out.
The steering base can be embedded in the card slot of force-transmitting seat, and steering base can slide up and down in card slot, pass through sampling
Bar rotation steering base can drive force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel to rotate, and realize the rotation of sampler entirety.
The gas vent baffle and the force-transmitting seat conical surface are hinged, and hinge is on exhaust hole exits top, so that baffle can cover just
Lid gas vent.Pushing takes air pressure when soil due to inner cavity that can open baffle, by gas vent drainage exhaust, on sampler
Baffle covers gas vent when mentioning, and air is avoided to enter force-transmitting seat inner cavity.
The hollow plastic sheet outer diameter is identical as sampler barrel internal diameter, and hollow plastic sheet internal diameter is less than liner bore and power transmission
Seat internal diameter.
The bolt is four, symmetrical around sampling drum outer wall even circumferential.
The sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat outer wall two sides are respectively marked with scale, can calculate depth selection.The necking of sampler barrel bottom
The blade angle of section is 5~10 °.
The internal lining pipe should be divided into upper cover (81) and lower cover (82), equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping to realize the encapsulation of soil sample.
Preferably, the diameter of the internal lining pipe is 70mm, height 280mm, for the three axis samples of 39.1 × 80mm of Φ
It can be once at 3, sample；It can be once at 2, sample for the three axis samples of 61.8 × 125mm of Φ.
The soil-shifting board diameter of the separator is greater than hollow plastic sheet internal diameter, is less than sampler barrel and fixed cylinder internal diameter.Support
Ring internal diameter is identical as sampler barrel outer diameter.
The sampling method that portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device is realized, comprising the following steps:
A. place is handled: according to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, being chosen suitable area and is sampled, select
Take that topography is flat, position of uniform soil quality, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground.If you need to take the slightly deep soil sample of buried depth, then need to tie
Close fluted drill, overburden layer in the removings such as Luoyang Spade, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use topography of showing up, and conveniently takes soil.
B. device prepares: setting up locator, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble is respectively positioned on liquid level center, illustrates horizontal platform
It is horizontal, long pin is driven underground by stent foot piece limit hole, horizontal platform level and position is kept to fix.Assembling sampling
Device is inserted into bolt, and liner inside pipe wall is smeared vaseline, sampler barrel is packed into, hollow plastic sheet is above covered, by sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat
It is connected and fixed.Sampler is inserted into horizontal platform limit hole.
C. it is pressed into soil layer: uniformly being exerted a force by handle, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that two sides force
Uniformly, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler two sides by the scale of sampler barrel two sides, under guaranteeing sampler slowly uniformly
It is sink to expection and takes native depth.
D. sampler has that water is gentle to be discharged by gas vent during pushing, and as sampler steps into soil layer, takes
Sample device internal cavities gradually decrease, and the pressure generated in cavity is also discharged by gas vent.After being full of the soil body in internal lining pipe, above mention
Thief rod drives steering base and piston to move upwards simultaneously.Piston upper surface is fitted closely with force-transmitting seat inner cavity upper wall just, envelope
Gas vent is closed, while the baffle of force-transmitting seat outer surface covers gas vent, the effect of isolation air is also functioned to, thus in force-transmitting seat
Chamber forms vacuum, guarantees that the soil sample in sampler is not fallen off using negative pressure castering action.
E. it is exerted a force upwards by handle, sampler is slowly steadily extracted.If frictional resistance is excessive, revolved by steering base
Turn to drive force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, sampler is screwed out in rotary manner, should guarantee uniform force application as far as possible, keeps sampler slow
Smoothly rise, until being extracted from soil completely.
F. the sampler of taking-up is laid flat, removes sampler barrel, it is with scraper that the roach on hollow plastic sheet is clear first
Reason is clean, and the roach under bolt is suitably cleared up, the soil sample being careful not in disturbance internal lining pipe.
G. soil sample separates: sampler barrel being passed through support ring, screws and is connected in the fixed cylinder of separator, take out bolt.
Wind is shaken, screw rod drives ejector dozer constantly to advancing inside sampler barrel, gradually by the undisturbed in internal lining pipe and internal lining pipe
It is released from the necking section of sampler barrel.Since internal lining pipe is half-open lucite tube, internal lining pipe is after deviating from sampler barrel in order to prevent
Because lose constraint open, should in internal lining pipe just from necking section exposure when, remaining soil is scraped off along internal lining pipe bottom end with fret saw, so that native
Sample face is concordant with internal lining pipe bottom end port, covers internal lining pipe lower cover and scrapes off more than internal lining pipe top after internal lining pipe is completely out
Soil covers internal lining pipe upper cover.Since internal lining pipe is transparent organic glass pipe, it can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements,
If soil sample soil property is uneven in internal lining pipe or there are a large amount of missings, should refetch；It, will be interior if soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe
Liner top and bottom post label, properly seal up for safekeeping.
H. soil more than removing inside sampler barrel, separately takes internal lining pipe, and inner wall applies vaseline, is packed into sampler barrel, by sampler barrel and passes
Power seat is connected and fixed, and continues to sample.
I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after removing baffle, force-transmitting seat can be separated with thief rod, clearly
Inner cavity and the outer wall for washing force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, dry, and oiling at the screw hole of sampler barrel bolt properly saves each device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device provided by the invention utilizes piston and gear
Plate forms vacuum in force-transmitting seat inner cavity, prevents soil sample from sliding using the negative pressure castering action of inner cavity, when solving sampler and above mentioning
The problem of weak soil soil sample is slipped along barrel.It is synchronous with thief rod that sampler barrel is realized using the insertion connection of steering base and force-transmitting seat
Rotation, conveniently takes soil.Soil sample acquisition-soil sample, which is realized, by internal lining pipe and soil sample separator separates the-one sealed up for safekeeping of soil sample
Change operation sequence, improve soil extracting efficiency, internal lining pipe is transparent split lucite tube, can directly be seen to soil sample in it
It surveys, determines if to meet the requirements, it is relatively reliable quick compared with metal tube.Equipment is simple, easy to disassemble, and operation is easy.It takes
Quadrat method is safe and reliable, preferably maintains soil body original state structure, ensure that quality of soil sample.Conducive to being promoted and applied in industry.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling equipments overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that sampler pushes procedure structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that sampler above mentions procedure structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the structural perspective of steering base.
Fig. 5 is the structural perspective of baffle.
Fig. 6 is the contact relation schematic diagram of internal lining pipe, bolt and sampler barrel.
Fig. 7 is that steering base with power transmission holder structure connect perspective view.
Fig. 8 is the structural perspective of sampler barrel.
Fig. 9 is internal lining pipe and the structural perspective for sealing lid up for safekeeping.
Figure 10 is the structure top view of horizontal platform and bracket.
Figure 11 is the structural perspective of separator.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1~Figure 11, the portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device of the present embodiment includes sampler, locator
And separator.
Sampler includes handle 1, thief rod 2, steering base 3, force-transmitting seat 4, piston 5, baffle 6 and sampler barrel 7.Thief rod 2
Upper end is provided with handle 1, and the integrated welding of 2 lower end of thief rod and steering base 3, piston 5,3 lower end of steering base is force-transmitting seat 4, is passed
Card slot 41 and piston hole 44 are provided at the top of power seat 4, steering base 3 is embedded in force-transmitting seat card slot 41 and can slide up and down along card slot 41,
Piston 5 is inserted into force-transmitting seat 4 and is slidably connected with force-transmitting seat 4.5 bottom end of piston and baffle 6 are connected through a screw thread fixation.Force-transmitting seat
The four direction of 4 conical surfaces is symmetrically arranged with gas vent 42, penetrates through with force-transmitting seat inner cavity.The exit of gas vent 42 is correspondingly arranged gear
Piece 43, baffle 43 and the force-transmitting seat conical surface are hinged and can cover gas vent 42 just.4 bottom end of force-transmitting seat passes through screw thread and sampler barrel 7
It is connected and fixed, is split internal lining pipe 8 made of organic glass in sampler barrel 7, internal lining pipe 8 is close to 7 inner wall of sampler barrel, passes through upper end
Hollow plastic sheet 71 and lower end bolt 72 it is fixed, 7 lower end of sampler barrel is necking section 73.
Locator includes horizontal platform 9 and bracket 10, and limit hole 92 and 7 outer wall of sampler barrel of horizontal platform 9 fit closely, horizontal
There is a cross one to indulge two spirit bubbles 91 on deck plate, can determine whether horizontal platform is horizontal.Triangular supports 10 and horizontal platform 9 are logical
Positioning screw hole connection is crossed, 10 one end of bracket is arranged foot piece 101, passes through between bracket and bracket, bracket and ground by long pin
Foot piece 101 is connected and fixed.
Separator includes bottom plate 11, fixed cylinder 12, support ring 13, ejector dozer 14, screw rod 15 and wind 16.Bottom plate 11
Fixed cylinder 12 is arranged in side, and 12 one end of fixed cylinder is arranged screw thread, can be threadably secured and connect with sampler barrel 7, and spiral shell is arranged in cylinder
Canal, it can be ensured that the precession and retraction of screw rod 15.Screw rod 15 passes through fixed cylinder 12, and one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer 14,
The other end is fixedly connected with wind 16.Support ring 13 is arranged in the other side of bottom plate 11, is used to support sampler barrel 7.It shakes hand
Handle 16 makes 15 precession of screw rod, can release internal lining pipe 8 and soil sample in sampler barrel 7 by the advance of ejector dozer 14.
The steering base 3 can be embedded in the card slot 41 of force-transmitting seat 4, and steering base 3 can slide up and down in card slot 41, be led to
Over sampling bar 2, which rotates steering base 3, can drive force-transmitting seat 4 and sampler barrel 7 to rotate, and realize the rotation of sampler entirety.
The gas vent baffle 43 and 4 conical surface of force-transmitting seat are hinged, and hinge exports top in gas vent 42, so that baffle 43 is proper
Gas vent 42 can be covered well.Pushing takes air pressure when soil due to inner cavity that can open baffle 43, is drained by gas vent 42
It is vented, baffle 43 covers gas vent 42 when mentioning on sampler, and air is avoided to enter 4 inner cavity of force-transmitting seat.
71 outer diameter of hollow plastic sheet is identical as 7 internal diameter of sampler barrel, and 71 internal diameter of hollow plastic sheet is less than 8 internal diameter of internal lining pipe
With 4 internal diameter of force-transmitting seat.
The bolt 72 is four, symmetrical around 7 outer wall even circumferential of sampler barrel.
The sampler barrel 7 and 4 outer wall two sides of force-transmitting seat are respectively marked with scale, can calculate depth selection.The contracting of 7 bottom of sampler barrel
The blade angle of mouth section 73 is 5~10 °.
The internal lining pipe 8 should be divided into upper cover (81) and lower cover (82), equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping to realize the encapsulation of soil sample.
Preferably, the diameter of the internal lining pipe 8 is 70mm, height 280mm, for the three axis samples of 39.1 × 80mm of Φ
It can be once at 3, sample；It can be once at 2, sample for the three axis samples of 61.8 × 125mm of Φ.
14 diameter of ejector dozer of the separator is greater than 71 internal diameter of hollow plastic sheet, is less than in sampler barrel 7 and fixed cylinder 12
Diameter.13 internal diameter of support ring is identical as 7 outer diameter of sampler barrel.
The sampling method of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device, comprising the following steps:
A. place is handled: according to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, being chosen suitable area and is sampled, select
Take that topography is flat, position of uniform soil quality, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground.If you need to take the slightly deep soil sample of buried depth, then need to tie
Close fluted drill, overburden layer in the removings such as Luoyang Spade, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use topography of showing up, and conveniently takes soil.
B. device prepares: setting up locator, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble 91 is respectively positioned on liquid level center, illustrates level
Platform 9 is horizontal, and long pin is driven underground by 101 limit hole of stent foot piece, keeps horizontal platform 9 is horizontal to fix with position.
Sampler is assembled, bolt 72 is inserted into, 8 inner wall of internal lining pipe is smeared into vaseline, sampler barrel 7 is packed into, above covers hollow plastic sheet 71, it will
Sampler barrel 7 is connected and fixed with force-transmitting seat 4.Sampler is inserted into horizontal platform limit hole 92.
C. it is pressed into soil layer: uniformly being exerted a force by handle 1, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that apply two sides
Power is uniform, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler two sides by the scale of 7 two sides of sampler barrel, guarantees that sampler is slowly uniform
It sinks down into expection and takes native depth.
D. sampler has water and air and is discharged by gas vent 42 during pushing, as sampler steps into soil
Layer, sampler internal cavities gradually decrease, and the pressure generated in cavity is also discharged by gas vent 42.It is native when being full of in internal lining pipe 8
After body, thief rod 2 is above mentioned, steering base 3 and piston 5 is driven to move upwards simultaneously.5 upper surface of piston just with 4 inner cavity of force-transmitting seat
Upper wall fits closely, closed grate hole 42, while the baffle 43 of 4 outer surface of force-transmitting seat covers gas vent 42, and it is empty to also function to isolation
The effect of gas guarantees that the soil sample in sampler will not be slided using negative pressure castering action to form vacuum in 4 inner cavity of force-transmitting seat
It falls.
E. it is exerted a force upwards by handle 1, sampler is slowly steadily extracted.If frictional resistance is excessive, pass through steering base 3
Rotation drives force-transmitting seat 4 and sampler barrel 7, in rotary manner screws out sampler, should guarantee uniform force application as far as possible, make sampler
Slowly and steadily rise, until being extracted from soil completely.
F. the sampler of taking-up is laid flat, removes sampler barrel 7, first with scraper by the roach on hollow plastic sheet 71
It cleans out, the roach under bolt 72 is suitably cleared up, the soil sample being careful not in disturbance internal lining pipe 8.
G. soil sample separates: sampler barrel 7 being passed through support ring 13, screws and is connected in the fixed cylinder 12 of separator, take out slotting
Pin 72.Wind 16 is shaken, screw rod 15 drives ejector dozer 14 constantly to advancing inside sampler barrel 7, will be in internal lining pipe 8 and internal lining pipe
Undisturbed gradually from the necking section 73 of sampler barrel 7 release.Since internal lining pipe 8 is half-open lucite tube, in order to prevent liner
Pipe 8 after deviating from sampler barrel 7 because lose constraint open, should in internal lining pipe 8 just from necking 73 exposure of section when, with fret saw along liner
8 bottom end of pipe scrapes off remaining soil, so that soil sample face is concordant with 8 bottom end port of internal lining pipe, internal lining pipe lower cover 82 is covered, when internal lining pipe 8 is complete
After full abjection, soil more than 8 top of internal lining pipe is scraped off, internal lining pipe upper cover 81 is covered.Since internal lining pipe 8 is transparent organic glass pipe,
It can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements, if soil sample soil property is uneven in internal lining pipe 8 or has a large amount of missings, should refetch；
If soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe 8, label will be posted at the top and bottom of internal lining pipe 8, properly sealed up for safekeeping.
H. remove soil more than the inside of sampler barrel 7, separately take internal lining pipe, inner wall applies vaseline, be packed into sampler barrel 7, by sampler barrel 7 with
Force-transmitting seat 4 is connected and fixed, and continues to sample.
I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after removing baffle 6, force-transmitting seat 4 can be separated with thief rod 2,
Inner cavity and the outer wall for cleaning force-transmitting seat 4 and sampler barrel 7, dry, oiling at the screw hole of sampler barrel bolt 72 properly protects each device
It deposits.
The depth selection of soil sample be it is determining as follows, measure the miscellaneous soil thickness h in the surface layer removed0.Outside sampler
Scale is indicated on wall, 7 outer wall position of sampler barrel corresponding to 8 bottom end of internal lining pipe indicates zero groove, and scale value along outer wall to
On be gradually increased.When into native position be more than sampler barrel 7 on edge, it is believed that fill sample in internal lining pipe 8, measure graduation mark position at this time
h1, it is known that 8 height of internal lining pipe is h2.Then soil sample buried depth is [h0+h1-h2, h0+h1]。
In conclusion portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device provided by the invention, using piston and baffle in power transmission
Seat inner cavity forms vacuum, prevents soil sample from sliding using the negative pressure castering action of inner cavity, solves weak soil soil sample when sampler above proposes
The problem of being slipped along barrel.Sampler barrel and thief rod synchronous rotary are realized using the insertion connection of steering base and force-transmitting seat, side
Just soil is taken.By internal lining pipe and soil sample separator realize soil sample acquisition-soil sample separate-integration sealed up for safekeeping of soil sample operates
Program improves soil extracting efficiency, and internal lining pipe is transparent split lucite tube, can directly be observed to soil sample in it, really
Whether fixed its meets the requirements, relatively reliable quick compared with metal tube.Equipment is simple, easy to disassemble, and operation is easy.Sampling method
Securely and reliably, soil body original state structure is preferably maintained, ensure that quality of soil sample.Conducive to being promoted and applied in industry.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device, it is characterised in that: including sampler, locator and separator；
Sampler includes handle (1), thief rod (2), steering base (3), force-transmitting seat (4), piston (5), baffle (6) and sampler barrel
(7), thief rod (2) upper end is provided with handle (1), and the integrated welding in thief rod (2) lower end and steering base (3), piston (5) turns
It is force-transmitting seat (4) to seat (3) lower end, card slot (41) and piston hole (44), steering base (3) insertion is provided at the top of force-transmitting seat (4)
Force-transmitting seat card slot (41) can simultaneously be slided up and down along card slot (41), and piston (5) is inserted into force-transmitting seat (4) and slides with force-transmitting seat (4)
Connection；Piston (5) bottom end and baffle (6) are connected through a screw thread fixation；The four direction of force-transmitting seat (4) conical surface is symmetrically arranged with row
Stomata (42), gas vent (42) and force-transmitting seat inner cavity penetrate through；The exit of gas vent (42) is correspondingly arranged baffle (43), baffle
(43) hinged with the force-transmitting seat conical surface and gas vent (42) can be covered；Force-transmitting seat (4) bottom end is connect by screw thread with sampler barrel (7) solid
It is fixed, it is split internal lining pipe (8) made of organic glass in sampler barrel (7), internal lining pipe (8) is close to sampler barrel (7) inner wall, by upper
The hollow plastic sheet (71) at end and the bolt (72) of lower end are fixed, and sampler barrel (7) lower end is necking section (73)；
Locator includes horizontal platform (9) and bracket (10), and limit hole (92) and sampler barrel (7) outer wall of horizontal platform (9) closely paste
It closes, there is a cross one to indulge two spirit bubbles (91) on horizontal platform (9) panel, spirit bubble (91) determines whether horizontal platform is horizontal；Bracket
(10) it being connect with horizontal platform (9) by positioning screw hole, foot piece (101) are arranged in bracket (10) one end, bracket (10) and bracket (10),
Foot piece (101) are passed through by long pin between bracket (10) and ground to be connected and fixed；
Separator includes bottom plate (11), fixed cylinder (12), support ring (13), ejector dozer (14), screw rod (15) and wind (16)；
Fixed cylinder (12) are arranged in the side of bottom plate (11), and screw thread is arranged in fixed cylinder (12) one end, can be threadably secured with sampler barrel (7)
Connection, fixed cylinder (12) is interior to be arranged threaded passage, can ensure that the precession and retraction of screw rod (15)；Screw rod (15) passes through fixed cylinder
(12), screw rod (15) one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer (14), and screw rod (15) other end is fixedly connected with wind (16)；Bottom plate
(11) support ring (13) are arranged in the other side, are used to support sampler barrel (7)；Shaking wind (16) makes screw rod (15) precession, leads to
Internal lining pipe (8) and soil sample in sampler barrel (7) can be released by crossing ejector dozer (14) and advancing.
2. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the steering base (3)
It can be embedded in the card slot (41) of force-transmitting seat (4), steering base (3) can slide up and down in card slot (41), be rotated by thief rod (2)
Steering base (3) can drive force-transmitting seat (4) and sampler barrel (7) to rotate, and realize the rotation of sampler entirety.
3. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the baffle (43) with
Force-transmitting seat (4) conical surface is hinged, and hinge exports top in gas vent (42), so that baffle (43) can cover gas vent (42)；It pushes
When taking soil, since the air pressure of inner cavity can open baffle (43), by gas vent (42) drainage exhaust, mentioned on sampler
When, baffle (43) covers gas vent (42), and air is avoided to enter force-transmitting seat (4) inner cavity.
4. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hollow plastic sheet
(71) outer diameter is identical as sampler barrel (7) internal diameter, and hollow plastic sheet (71) internal diameter is less than in internal lining pipe (8) internal diameter and force-transmitting seat (4)
Diameter.
5. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bolt (72) is
Four, around sampler barrel (7), outer wall even circumferential is symmetrical.
6. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sampler barrel (7)
It is respectively marked with scale with force-transmitting seat (4) outer wall two sides, depth selection can be calculated；The cutting edge angle of sampler barrel (7) bottom necking section (73)
Degree is 5~10 °.
7. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the internal lining pipe (8)
Equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping, sealing lid up for safekeeping includes upper cover (81) and lower cover (82), to realize the encapsulation of soil sample.
8. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the separator pushes away
Native plate (14) diameter is greater than hollow plastic sheet (71) internal diameter, is less than sampler barrel (7) and fixed cylinder (12) internal diameter；In support ring (13)
Diameter is identical as sampler barrel (7) outer diameter.
9. the sampling method of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device described in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
A. place is handled: according to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, being chosen suitable area and is sampled, choose ground
Gesture is flat, uniform soil quality position, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground；If you need to take the slightly deep soil sample of buried depth, then need to combine fiber crops
Flower bores, Luoyang Spade removes upper overburden layer, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use topography of showing up, and conveniently takes soil；
B. device prepares: setting up locator, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble is respectively positioned on liquid level center, illustrates horizontal platform
Long pin is driven underground level by stent foot piece limit hole, and horizontal platform level and position is kept to fix, and assembles sampler,
It is inserted into bolt, liner inside pipe wall is smeared into vaseline, sampler barrel is packed into, above covers hollow plastic sheet, sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat are connected
Fixation is connect, sampler is inserted into horizontal platform limit hole；
C. it is pressed into soil layer: uniformly being exerted a force by handle, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that two sides force is equal
It is even, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler two sides by the scale of sampler barrel two sides, guarantee that sampler slowly uniformly sinks
Native depth is taken to expection；
D. sampler has that water is gentle to be discharged by gas vent during pushing, as sampler steps into soil layer, sampler
Internal cavities gradually decrease, and the pressure generated in cavity is also discharged by gas vent, after being full of the soil body in internal lining pipe, upper extraction sample
Bar drives steering base and piston to move upwards simultaneously, and piston upper surface is fitted closely with force-transmitting seat inner cavity upper wall just, closing row
Stomata, while the baffle of force-transmitting seat outer surface covers gas vent, the effect of isolation air is also functioned to, thus in force-transmitting seat inner cavity shape
At vacuum, guarantee that the soil sample in sampler is not fallen off using negative pressure castering action；
E. it is exerted a force upwards by handle, sampler is slowly steadily extracted；If frictional resistance is excessive, band is rotated by steering base
Dynamic force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, sampler is screwed out in rotary manner, should guarantee uniform force application as far as possible, keep sampler slowly steady
Rising, until extracted from soil completely；
F. the sampler of taking-up is laid flat, removes sampler barrel, first cleared up the roach on hollow plastic sheet with scraper dry
Only, the roach under bolt is suitably cleared up, the soil sample being careful not in disturbance internal lining pipe；
G. soil sample separates: sampler barrel being passed through support ring, screws and is connected in the fixed cylinder of separator, takes out bolt, shakes hand
Rocking handle, screw rod drives ejector dozer constantly to advancing inside sampler barrel, by the undisturbed in internal lining pipe and internal lining pipe gradually from sampling
The necking section of cylinder is released, and since internal lining pipe is half-open lucite tube, internal lining pipe is after deviating from sampler barrel because losing in order to prevent
Constraint open, should in internal lining pipe just from necking section exposure when, remaining soil is scraped off along internal lining pipe bottom end with fret saw so that soil sample face with
Internal lining pipe bottom end port is concordant, covers internal lining pipe lower cover, after internal lining pipe is completely out, scrapes off soil more than internal lining pipe top, covers
Internal lining pipe upper cover can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements, if liner since internal lining pipe is transparent organic glass pipe
Soil sample soil property is uneven in managing or has a large amount of missings, then should refetch；It, will be at the top of internal lining pipe if soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe
Label is posted with bottom, is properly sealed up for safekeeping；
H. soil more than removing inside sampler barrel, separately takes internal lining pipe, and inner wall applies vaseline, sampler barrel is packed into, by sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat
It is connected and fixed, continues to sample；
I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after removing baffle, force-transmitting seat can be separated with thief rod, and cleaning passes
The inner cavity and outer wall of power seat and sampler barrel, dry, and oiling at the screw hole of sampler barrel bolt properly saves each device.
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