CN106769137A - Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus and hot property Forecasting Methodology - Google Patents
Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus and hot property Forecasting Methodology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus and hot property Forecasting Methodology, its measuring instrument subsystem is arranged on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, the top of heat exchanger (9) in nitrogen-sealed subsystem connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, the import and export of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger (9) in cooling cycle subsystem connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem.Hot property dynamic prediction method of the present invention is based on continuous measurement heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de and declines the heat-transfer fluid out temperature of process, volume flow, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, ambient air temperature, and ambient air velocity, by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, wherein seven undetermined parameters are recognized using the multiple linear regression mathematical method based on least square class method, predict the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector in any specific time, place, solar irradiation, hot property under the operating mode such as ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device and hot property prediction side
Method.
Background technology
Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector is mainly used in solar energy thermal-power-generating station, and it utilizes parabola flute profile concentrator
The one-dimensional rotary motion tracking sun is done around the endothermic tube at flute profile focal line so that the beam radia heating of convergence is inhaled
Heat pipe, then taken out of heat by flowing through the heat-transfer fluid of endothermic tube, realization converts solar energy into heat energy.Paraboloid trough type is too
The mostly important evaluation of positive energy heat collector application technology and acceptance index are the hot propertys of heat collector.Application at present is surveyed based on actual
The method that amount and mathematics physical prediction model are combined is considered as most come the heat collector hot property predicted under any working condition
It is reliable and accurate method.As 2016 first solar energy thermal-power-generating demonstrative project of Nian9Yue China nationals Bureau of Energy (are included
7 slot type projects, 46.4 ten thousand kilowatts of its total installation of generating capacity) announcement, the market of slot type photo-thermal power generation will expand rapidly, to hot
Foreseeable demand is stronger.
European standard EN 12975-2 " solar thermal system and part-solar thermal collector " provides a solar energy collection
The Quasi dynamic Forecasting Methodology and measurement apparatus of hot device hot property, its Quasi dynamic forecast model are based on solar thermal collector output work
What the minimal error analysis of rate was set up.But, the specific function representation form of the incidence angle modifying factor that this standard is provided
Flat-plate solar heat collector is suitable only for, rather than is directed to paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector.And, the standard is only examined
The measurement of heat collector temperature ramp de is considered, and has required that heat collector heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature stabilization is ± 1 in measurement process
℃.Consideration of the standard to sun scattering irradiation item brings to the hot property prediction of the groove type heat collector with high concentration ratio on the contrary
It is uncertain.Additionally, the measurement apparatus that the standard is illustrated are directed to the heat collector with water at low temperature as heat transfer medium, and end is given
For the measurement apparatus of the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector of HTHP.Therefore, for more elevated operating temperature and more
For for the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector of complicated optical effect, it is necessary to a kind of heat that can be applied to live change condition
Performance dynamic measurement device and Forecasting Methodology.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to make up existing heat performance measuring apparatus and Forecasting Methodology technology is low just for low power/non-concentrating
The deficiency of temperature solar heat collector, proposes a kind of suitable for the paraboloid trough type solar thermal-arrest with high temperature high power concentrator characteristic
The hot property dynamic measurement device and Forecasting Methodology of device.The present invention be applied to use non-phase-change heat transfer fluid paraboloid trough type too
The dynamic prediction of positive energy heat collector hot property.
In actual moving process, heat-transfer fluid is liquid, can be conduction oil, fuse salt or water etc., does not have phase transformation to send out
It is raw.Apparatus of the present invention are applied to outdoor field working conditions, using groove type heat collector tracing collection and heat collector aperture dorsad
Two kinds of operating modes of the sun, the basic concept in continuous measurement heat collector operational factor change procedure：Heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, biography
Hot fluid outlet temperature, the volume flow of heat-transfer fluid, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) and ambient air temperature and
Ambient air velocity etc..
Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device of the present invention, using closed circulation system, by with
Lower four subsystems composition：Measuring instrument subsystem, heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem are advocated peace and cool down circulation
Subsystem.The measuring apparatus of measuring instrument subsystem are arranged on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem
The top of heat exchanger in system connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, in cooling cycle subsystem connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem
The import and export of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger.
Heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem includes heat exchanger, filter, circulating pump, flow control valve and groove type heat collector.Change
The heat-transfer fluid side outlet of hot device is connected by pipeline with the side of filter, and the opposite side of filter passes through pipeline and circulating pump
Import connection, the outlet of circulating pump is connected by pipeline with the side of flow control valve, and the opposite side of flow control valve passes through
Pipeline is connected with the import of groove type heat collector, and the outlet of groove type heat collector is connected by pipeline with the heat-transfer fluid side-entrance of heat exchanger
Connect.
Measuring instrument subsystem includes portable mirror Albedometer, heat collector inlet temperature sensor, heat collector
Outlet temperature sensor, flowmeter, pyrheliometer and sun tracker, air temperature sensor and anemobiagraph.It is portable
Formula specular reflectivity analyzer is placed on the speculum of groove type heat collector when measuring, and heat collector inlet temperature sensor is arranged on and connects
On pipeline in nearly groove type heat collector import 1m, heat collector outlet temperature sensor is arranged on close in groove type heat collector outlet 1m
Pipeline on, flowmeter is arranged on pipeline between groove type heat collector import and flow control valve, pyrheliometer and the sun
Tracker, air temperature sensor and anemobiagraph are installed near groove type heat collector.
Nitrogen-sealed subsystem includes expansion drum, nitrogen breather valve and nitrogen cylinder.The bottom of expansion drum passes through pipeline and changes
The top connection of hot device, the top of expansion drum is connected by pipeline with the side of nitrogen breather valve, the opposite side of nitrogen breather valve
It is connected with nitrogen cylinder by pipeline.
Cooling cycle subsystem can be actually needed the cooling device for using water-cooled or air cooling form, its import according to scene
It is connected with the cooling medium side outlet of heat exchanger by pipeline, its outlet is connected by pipeline with the cooling medium side-entrance of heat exchanger
Connect.
Hot property dynamic prediction method of the invention is continuously measured in heat transfer fluid exit temperature based on the measurement apparatus
Heat-transfer fluid out temperature, volume flow, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, the surrounding air temperature of the process of liter and decline process
Degree, ambient air velocity etc., by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, using based on a most young waiter in a wineshop or an inn
The multiple linear regression mathematical method for multiplying class method recognizes wherein seven undetermined parameters.Once this seven undetermined parameters are effectively returned
Return, the groove type heat collector can be predicted in other working conditions using described dynamic prediction model, i.e., any specific time,
Hot property under the operating modes such as place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
The inventive method step is as follows：
Before measurement, the flute profile reflector surface of cleaning groove type heat collector and the glass transmission vestlet table of vacuum tube type endothermic tube
Face, confirms that the operating temperature range of measurement apparatus disclosure satisfy that the operating temperature range of heat-transfer fluid, and it is standby to complete debugging.
Step 1, the reflection of the flute profile reflector of groove type heat collector is determined first by portable mirror Albedometer
Rate.
Step 2, heat-transfer fluid is flowed out from heat exchanger, and circulating pump, open the circulation pump, so that heat transfer stream are entered by filter
Body flows through groove type heat collector, and flow back into described heat exchanger.Heat-transfer fluid flow value according to needed for measurement sets flow
Adjusting control valve, and flow correction flow regulating and controlling valve is measured according to flow measurement until meeting needs.Cooling is opened to follow
Loop subsystems, allow cooling medium to take away heat into heat exchanger, so that heat-transfer fluid is close to environment temperature or the specific temperature of needs
Degree.Groove type heat collector is set to be in tracing collection state, at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de starts.Due to heat-transfer fluid
Expanded because temperature rises, portion of heat transfer fluid enters expansion drum, be heat-transfer fluid in the bottom of described expansion drum, top is
High pressure nitrogen, the size of nitrogen pressure breathes valve regulation by nitrogen, and provides source nitrogen by the nitrogen cylinder for connecting, to ensure to pass
Hot fluid does not undergo phase transition.Requirement according to heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem amount of cooling water sets cooling cycle subsystem, to ensure
During groove type heat collector rises temperature measurement, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature climbing speed should be not more than 2.5 DEG C/min.
Step 3, continuously measures and records the following physical quantity in heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature uphill process：Heat collector import
Temperature sensor measurement heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, the heat transfer fluid exit temperature of heat collector outlet temperature sensor measurement, stream
The sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level of the volume flow of the heat-transfer fluid of flowmeter measurement, pyrheliometer and sun tracker measurement,
The ambient air temperature of air temperature sensor measurement, the ambient air velocity of anemobiagraph measurement.Work as heat transfer fluid exit
When temperature reaches the upper limit of groove type heat collector operating temperature range, stop groove type heat collector tracking, completion once rises temperature measurement.
Step 4, adjusts the aperture dorsad sun of groove type heat collector, and at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature drop process is opened
Begin, continue it is continuous measure and record with step 3 identical physical quantity, when heat transfer fluid exit temperature close to rise temperature measurement and start when
Temperature when, complete a temperature measurement., it is necessary to the measuring condition requirement for meeting is shown in Table 1 during dynamic measurement.All continuous surveys
The time interval for measuring data should be not more than 5s, and the effectively total time of measurement should be not less than 4h, rise temperature measurement and temperature measurement is completed
Number of times all should be not less than 3 times.Heat collector is risen in temperature measurement, and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature rises in heat collector operating temperature range
100 DEG C should be not less than.Rise the initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of temperature measurement and the end heat transfer fluid exit temperature of temperature measurement
Difference should be not more than 10 DEG C；Rise the initial heat transfer fluid issuing temperature for terminating heat transfer fluid exit temperature and temperature measurement of temperature measurement
The difference of degree should be not more than 10 DEG C.
Measuring condition requirement during the dynamic measurement of table 1
Step 5, after being measured, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property, prediction meter is predicted according to the data obtained
It is pith of the invention to calculate analysis method, and its mathematics physics model is as follows：
The expression-form of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model is：
In formula：
teThe heat transfer fluid exit temperature of measurement, unit：℃；tiThe heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of measurement, unit：℃；
GeniOne of solar irradiance change influence when considering cosine losses, blade-end loss and heat-transfer fluid through heat collector
The sun direct projection irradiation level being effectively homogenized, its function representation relation is shown in formula (2), unit：W/m2, θ incidence angles, i.e. the direct projection sun
The angle formed between light and heat collector daylighting plane normal, unit：°, taAmbient air temperature, unit：DEG C, it is the τ times, single
Position：s；e0、e1、e2, a, b, c, d be seven parameters to be identified.
In formula：τiHeat-transfer fluid inlet temperature surveying record time, unit：S, τpHeat-transfer fluid is from heat collector import to going out
The flowing time of mouth, unit：S, ρrThe reflectivity of flute profile reflector, GDNSun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) of measurement, it is single
Position：W/m2；τsThe acquisition time interval of measurement data, unit：The paraboloidal focal length of s, f groove type heat collector, unit：M, L slot type collection
The length of hot device, unit：The p isometric region that m, p paraboloid trough type metal heat absorption tube are divided along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, etc.
In τp/τs。
Based on the physical quantity measured during described liter of temperature measurement and temperature measurement, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat
Performance dynamic prediction model is undetermined using the multiple linear regression mathematical method identification wherein seven based on least square class method
Parameter, it is desirable to which the coefficient of determination of recurrence should be not less than 0.85.Once this seven undetermined parameters are effectively returned, moved using described
State forecast model can predict the groove type heat collector in other working conditions, i.e., any specific time, place, solar irradiation,
Hot property under environment temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.In results expression, there is provided the body of heat-transfer fluid in measurement process
Product flow and ambient air velocity, are the numbers by being measured under a certain actual conditions to the parameter in clear and definite dynamic prediction model
Obtained according to recurrence.
The explicit physical meaning of each parameter in forecast model of the invention, measurement apparatus can be own in groove type heat collector for a long time
The physical quantity needed for forecast model is continuously measured under mode of operation, it is simple and easy to apply, it is adapted to field condition condition of work, it is right
The former control operation system of groove type heat collector is completely compatible, low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device of the present invention, using closed cycle
System, is made up of following four subsystem：Measuring instrument subsystem, heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem master
With cooling cycle subsystem.The measuring apparatus of measuring instrument subsystem are arranged on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen
The top of heat exchanger 9 in hermetic seal subsystem connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, cooling cycle subsystem connection heat-transfer fluid
The import and export of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger 9 in cycle subsystem.
Heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem includes heat exchanger 9, filter 11, circulating pump 12, flow control valve 13 and slot type collection
Hot device 1.The heat-transfer fluid side outlet of heat exchanger 9 is connected by pipeline with the side of filter 11, and the opposite side of filter 11 leads to
Cross pipeline to be connected with the import of circulating pump 12, the outlet of circulating pump 12 is connected by pipeline with the side of flow control valve 13, flow
The opposite side of control valve 13 is connected by pipeline with the import of groove type heat collector 1, the outlet of groove type heat collector 1 by pipeline with
The heat-transfer fluid side-entrance connection of heat exchanger 9.
Measuring instrument subsystem includes portable mirror Albedometer 8, heat collector inlet temperature sensor 2, thermal-arrest
Device outlet temperature sensor 3, flowmeter 4, pyrheliometer and sun tracker 5, air temperature sensor 6 and anemobiagraph
7.Portable mirror Albedometer 8 is placed on the speculum of groove type heat collector 1 when measuring, heat collector inlet temperature sensor
2 are arranged on the pipeline close in the import 1m of groove type heat collector 1, and heat collector outlet temperature sensor 3 is arranged on close to slot type collection
On pipeline in the outlet of hot device 1 1m, flowmeter 4 is arranged on the pipeline between the import of groove type heat collector 1 and flow control valve 13,
Pyrheliometer and sun tracker 5, air temperature sensor 6 and anemobiagraph 7 are installed near groove type heat collector 1.
Nitrogen-sealed subsystem includes expansion drum 10, nitrogen breather valve 14 and nitrogen cylinder 15.The bottom of expansion drum 10 passes through
Pipeline is connected with the top of heat exchanger 9, and the top of expansion drum 10 is connected by pipeline with the side of nitrogen breather valve 14, and nitrogen is exhaled
The opposite side for inhaling valve 14 is connected by pipeline with nitrogen cylinder 15.
Cooling cycle subsystem 16 can be actually needed the cooling device for using water-cooled or air cooling form according to scene, and it enters
Mouth is connected by pipeline with the cooling medium side outlet of heat exchanger 9, and its outlet is entered by pipeline with the cooling medium side of heat exchanger 9
Mouth connection.
Hot property dynamic prediction method of the invention is based on the measurement apparatus, in continuous measurement heat transfer fluid exit temperature
Heat-transfer fluid out temperature, volume flow, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, the surrounding air temperature of the process of liter and decline process
Degree, ambient air velocity etc., by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, using based on a most young waiter in a wineshop or an inn
The multiple linear regression mathematical method for multiplying class method recognizes wherein seven undetermined parameters.Once this seven undetermined parameters are effectively returned
Return, the groove type heat collector can be predicted in other working conditions using described dynamic prediction model, i.e., any specific time,
Hot property under the operating modes such as place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
Comprise the following steps that：
The hot dynamic measurement process of the present invention includes rising temperature measurement and temperature measurement.It is poly- that intensification is measured as heat collector tracking
The continuous measurement of the heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de under light operating mode；Temperature measurement is to adjust heat collector aperture dorsad too
The continuous measurement of the heat transfer fluid exit temperature drop process under positive operating mode.
Before measurement, the flute profile reflector surface of cleaning groove type heat collector 1 and the glass transmission vestlet of vacuum tube type endothermic tube
Surface, confirms that the operating temperature range of measurement apparatus disclosure satisfy that the operating temperature range of heat-transfer fluid, and complete debugging and treat
Machine.
Step 1, first by portable mirror Albedometer 8 determine groove type heat collector 1 flute profile reflector it is anti-
Rate is penetrated, along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, an albedo measurement point is at least arranged per the groove type heat collector of 10m length, reflected
Rate ρrIt is the average value of the reflectivity of these measurement points.
Step 2, heat-transfer fluid flows out from heat exchanger 9, by filter 11 enter circulating pump 12, open the circulation pump 12, with
Heat-transfer fluid is flowed through groove type heat collector 1, and flow back into described heat exchanger 9.Heat-transfer fluid flow according to needed for measurement
Value sets flow regulating and controlling valve 13, and obtains flow correction flow regulating and controlling valve 13 according to the measurement of flowmeter 4 until meeting
Need.Cooling cycle subsystem 16 is opened, allows cooling medium to take away heat into heat exchanger 9, so that heat-transfer fluid is close to environment
The specified temp of temperature or needs.Groove type heat collector 1 is set to be in tracing collection state, at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature rose
Journey starts.Because heat-transfer fluid expands because temperature rises, portion of heat transfer fluid enters expansion drum 10, in described expansion drum 10
Bottom be heat-transfer fluid, top is high pressure nitrogen, the size of nitrogen pressure is adjusted by nitrogen breather valve 14, and by connecting
Nitrogen cylinder 15 provides source nitrogen, to ensure that heat-transfer fluid does not undergo phase transition.According to wanting for heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem amount of cooling water
Ask setting cooling cycle subsystem 16, with ensure groove type heat collector rise temperature measurement during, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature climbing speed
2.5 DEG C/min should be not more than.
Step 3, continuously measures and records the following physical quantity in heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature uphill process：Heat collector import
The measurement heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of temperature sensor 2 ti, the heat transfer fluid exit temperature of the measurement of heat collector outlet temperature sensor 3
te, the volume flow V of the heat-transfer fluid of the measurement of flowmeter 4, the sun normal direction direct projection that pyrheliometer and sun tracker 5 are measured
Irradiation level GDN, the ambient air temperature t of the measurement of air temperature sensor 6a, the ambient air velocity of the measurement of anemobiagraph 7.When
When heat transfer fluid exit temperature reaches the upper limit of groove type heat collector operating temperature range, stop groove type heat collector tracking, complete one
It is secondary to rise temperature measurement.
Step 4, adjusts the aperture dorsad sun of groove type heat collector 1, and at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature drop process is opened
Begin, continue it is continuous measure and record with step 3 identical physical quantity, when heat transfer fluid exit temperature close to rise temperature measurement and start when
Temperature when, complete a temperature measurement.
, it is necessary to the measuring condition requirement for meeting is shown in Table 1 during dynamic measurement.The time interval of all continuous measurement data should
No more than 5s, the effectively total time of measurement should be not less than 4h, and the number of times for rising temperature measurement and temperature measurement all should be not less than 3 times.Collection
Hot device is risen in temperature measurement, and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature rises in heat collector operating temperature range should be not less than 100 DEG C.Heat up and survey
The initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of amount and the end heat transfer fluid exit temperature difference of temperature measurement should be not more than 10 DEG C；Heat up
The difference of the initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of the end heat transfer fluid exit temperature and temperature measurement of measurement should be not more than 10 DEG C.
Measuring condition requirement during the dynamic measurement of table 1
Step 5, after being measured, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property is predicted according to the data obtained, is calculated
Journey is as follows：
The expression-form of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model is：
In formula：
teThe heat transfer fluid exit temperature of measurement, unit DEG C, tiThe heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of measurement, unit：DEG C,
GeniOne of solar irradiance change influence when considering cosine losses, blade-end loss and heat-transfer fluid through heat collector
The sun direct projection irradiation level being effectively homogenized, its function representation relation is shown in formula (2), unit：W/m2, θ incidence angles, i.e. the direct projection sun
The angle formed between light and heat collector daylighting plane normal, unit：°, taAmbient air temperature, unit：DEG C, it is the τ times, single
Position：S, e0、e1、e2, a, b, c | d is seven parameters to be identified.
In formula：τiHeat-transfer fluid inlet temperature surveying record time, unit：S, τpHeat-transfer fluid is from heat collector import to going out
The flowing time of mouth, unit：S, ρrThe reflectivity of flute profile reflector, GDNSun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) of measurement, it is single
Position：W/m2, τsThe acquisition time interval of measurement data, unit：The paraboloidal focal length of s, f groove type heat collector, unit：M, L slot type collection
The length of hot device, unit：The p isometric region that m, p paraboloid trough type metal heat absorption tube are divided along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, etc.
In τp/τs。
Will heat up heat transfer fluid exit temperature, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, the ring obtained during measurement and temperature measurement
It is pre- that the physical quantity such as border air themperature and sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level substitutes into the hot dynamic of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector
Survey in model, wherein seven undetermined parameters are recognized using the multiple linear regression mathematical method based on least square class method, return
The coefficient of determination returned should be not less than 0.85.Completing the dynamic prediction model after parameter identification can predict the groove type heat collector at it
His working condition, i.e., under any specific time, place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature
Hot property.Additionally, in results expression, there is provided the volume flow and ambient air velocity of heat-transfer fluid in measurement process, it is used to
Specifying the parameter in dynamic prediction model is obtained by the data regression measured under a certain actual conditions.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that：Described measurement apparatus are by following
Four subsystem compositions：Measuring instrument subsystem, heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem are advocated peace and cool down circulation
System；The measuring apparatus of measuring instrument subsystem are arranged on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem
The top of heat exchanger (9) in connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, cooling cycle subsystem connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem
The import and export of the cooling medium side of middle heat exchanger (9).
2. according to the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
Measuring instrument subsystem includes that portable mirror Albedometer (8), heat collector inlet temperature sensor (2), heat collector go out
Mouth temperature sensor (3), flowmeter (4), pyrheliometer and sun tracker (5), air temperature sensor (6) and wind
Fast instrument (7)；Portable mirror Albedometer (8) is placed on the speculum of groove type heat collector (1) when measuring, heat collector import
Temperature sensor (2) on the pipeline close in groove type heat collector (1) import 1m, heat collector outlet temperature sensor (3)
On the pipeline close in groove type heat collector (1) outlet 1m, flowmeter (4) is installed in groove type heat collector (1) import and stream
On pipeline between control valve (13), pyrheliometer and sun tracker (5), air temperature sensor (6) and wind
Fast instrument (7) is installed near groove type heat collector (1).
3. according to the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
Heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem includes heat exchanger (9), filter (11), circulating pump (12), flow control valve (13) and slot type collection
Hot device (1)；The heat-transfer fluid side outlet of heat exchanger (9) is connected by pipeline with the side of filter (11), filter (11)
Opposite side is connected by pipeline with the import of circulating pump (12), and the outlet of circulating pump (12) is by pipeline and flow control valve (13)
Side connection, the opposite side of flow control valve (13) is connected by pipeline with the import of groove type heat collector 1, groove type heat collector
(1) outlet is connected by pipeline with the heat-transfer fluid side-entrance of heat exchanger (9).
4. according to the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
Nitrogen-sealed subsystem includes expansion drum (10), nitrogen breather valve (14) and nitrogen cylinder (15)；The bottom of expansion drum (10) passes through
Pipeline is connected with the top of heat exchanger (9), and the top of expansion drum (10) is connected by pipeline with the side of nitrogen breather valve (14),
The opposite side of nitrogen breather valve (14) is connected by pipeline with nitrogen cylinder (15).
5. according to the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
Cooling cycle subsystem (16) is water-cooled or the cooling device of air cooling form, and the import of cooling cycle subsystem (16) is by pipe
Road is connected with the cooling medium side outlet of heat exchanger (9), and the outlet of cooling cycle subsystem (16) is by pipeline and heat exchanger (9)
Cooling medium side-entrance connection.
6. using the hot property prediction side of the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus described in claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that：Described hot property dynamic prediction method is based on continuous measurement heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de with
The heat-transfer fluid out temperature of drop process, volume flow, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, ambient air temperature, and environment
Air velocity, by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, using based on least square class method
Multiple linear regression mathematical method recognize wherein seven undetermined parameters, predict the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector any
Hot property under specific time, place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
7. according to the hot property Forecasting Methodology described in claim 6, it is characterized in that：Described Forecasting Methodology step is as follows：
Step 1, first by portable mirror Albedometer (8) determine groove type heat collector (1) flute profile reflector it is anti-
Rate is penetrated, along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, an albedo measurement point is at least arranged per the groove type heat collector of 10m length, reflected
Rate ρrIt is the average value of the reflectivity of these measurement points；
Step 2, heat-transfer fluid is flowed out from heat exchanger (9), and circulating pump (12), open the circulation pump are entered by filter (11)
(12), so that heat-transfer fluid flows through groove type heat collector (1), and it flow back into described heat exchanger (9)；Heat transfer according to needed for measurement
Fluid flow valve sets flow regulating and controlling valve (13), and obtains the control of flow correction Flow-rate adjustment according to flowmeter (4) measurement
Valve (13)；Cooling cycle subsystem (16) is opened, allows cooling medium to take away heat into heat exchanger (9), approach heat-transfer fluid
The specified temp of environment temperature or needs；Make groove type heat collector (1) in tracing collection state, at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature
Uphill process starts；Because heat-transfer fluid expands because temperature rises, portion of heat transfer fluid enters expansion drum (10), described
The bottom of expansion drum (10) is heat-transfer fluid, and top is high pressure nitrogen, and the size of nitrogen pressure is adjusted by nitrogen breather valve (14)
Section, and source nitrogen is provided by the nitrogen cylinder (15) for connecting, to ensure that heat-transfer fluid does not undergo phase transition；According to heat transfer fluid circulation
The requirement of system amount of cooling water sets cooling cycle subsystem (16), with during ensureing that groove type heat collector rises temperature measurement, heat-transfer fluid
Inlet temperature climbing speed should be not more than 2.5 DEG C/min；
Step 3, continuously measures and records the following physical quantity in heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature uphill process：Heat collector inlet temperature
Sensor (2) measurement heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature ti, the heat transfer fluid exit temperature of heat collector outlet temperature sensor (3) measurement
te, the volume flow V of the heat-transfer fluid of flowmeter (4) measurement, the sun normal direction that pyrheliometer and sun tracker (5) are measured
Direct projection irradiation level GDN, the ambient air temperature t of air temperature sensor (6) measurementa, the environment sky of anemobiagraph (7) measurement
Gas velocity degree；When heat transfer fluid exit temperature reaches the upper limit of groove type heat collector operating temperature range, stop groove type heat collector with
Track, completion once rises temperature measurement；
Step 4, the aperture dorsad sun of adjustment groove type heat collector (1), at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature drop process starts,
Continue it is continuous measure and record with step 3 identical physical quantity, when heat transfer fluid exit temperature is close to rising when temperature measurement starts
During temperature, a temperature measurement is completed；Step 5, after being measured, paraboloid trough type solar thermal-arrest is predicted according to the data obtained
Device hot property, calculating process is as follows：
The expression-form of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model is：
In formula：
teThe heat transfer fluid exit temperature of measurement, unit DEG C, tiThe heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of measurement, unit：DEG C, GeniConsider remaining
The sun direct projection of the effectively homogenizing of of solar irradiance change influence when string loss, blade-end loss and heat-transfer fluid are through heat collector
Irradiation level, its function representation relation is shown in formula (2), unit：W/m2, θ incidence angles, i.e. direct sunlight line are put down with heat collector daylighting
The angle formed between the normal of face, unit：°, taAmbient air temperature, unit：DEG C, τ times, unit：S, e0、e1、e2、a、b、c
| d is seven parameters to be identified；
In formula：τiHeat-transfer fluid inlet temperature surveying record time, unit：S, τpHeat-transfer fluid is from heat collector import to outlet
Flowing time, unit：S, ρrThe reflectivity of flute profile reflector, GDNSun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) of measurement, unit：W/
m2, τsThe acquisition time interval of measurement data, unit：The paraboloidal focal length of s, f groove type heat collector, unit：M, L groove type heat collector
Length, unit：The p isometric region that m, p paraboloid trough type metal heat absorption tube are divided along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, is equal to
τp/τs；
Will heat up heat transfer fluid exit temperature, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, the environment sky obtained during measurement and temperature measurement
The physical quantity such as temperature degree and sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level substitutes into paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction mould
In type, wherein seven undetermined parameters are recognized using the multiple linear regression mathematical method based on least square class method, recurrence
Coefficient of determination should be not less than 0.85；Completing the dynamic prediction model after parameter identification can predict the paraboloid trough type solar collection
Hot property of the hot device under any specific time, place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
8. according to the hot property Forecasting Methodology described in claim 7, it is characterized in that：, it is necessary to meet during described dynamic measurement
Measuring condition requirement be：
Sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level is not less than 700W/m2, ambient air velocity average value is not more than 8m/s, the body of heat-transfer fluid
Product flow is in turbulence state by the flowing of heat collector heat-transfer fluid, more than the safe operation flow set of tested heat collector
Value, change is not more than ± the 2.0% of measured value, and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature climbing speed during liter temperature measurement is not more than 2.5
DEG C/min, heat-transfer fluid imported and exported during the temperature difference rises temperature measurement more than 5 times of the temperature sensor degree of accuracy；All continuous measurement numbers
According to time interval should be not more than 5s, the effectively total time of measurement should be not less than 4h, and the number of times for rising temperature measurement and temperature measurement is equal
Should be not less than 3 times；Heat collector is risen in temperature measurement, and the rising of heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature should not be small in heat collector operating temperature range
In 100 DEG C；The initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of liter temperature measurement and the end heat transfer fluid exit temperature difference of temperature measurement are not
More than 10 DEG C；Rise the difference of the initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature for terminating heat transfer fluid exit temperature and temperature measurement of temperature measurement not
More than 10 DEG C.
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