CN106768528B - Spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring devices, it includes the first measurement fiber grating being symmetrically attached in spiral bevel gear on the tooth root of single tooth two sides and the second measurement fiber grating, first optical signal interface of the frequency sweep light signal output end connection optical circulator of swept light source, the first optical interface of front end of the optic communication end connection photo-coupler of the first measurement fiber grating, the second optical interface of front end of the optic communication end connection photo-coupler of the second measurement fiber grating, the rotation terminals of the rear end optical interface connection optical fiber slip ring of photo-coupler, second optical signal interface of the fixed terminals connection optical circulator of optical fiber slip ring, the third optical signal interface of the signal input part connection optical circulator of optical frequency domain demodulating system, the signal input part of the signal output end connection computer of optical frequency domain demodulating system.The present invention can be realized the transmission Dedenda's bending stress distribution monitoring of the spiral bevel gear under various operating conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber grating sensings and machinery performance monitoring crossing domain, and in particular to a kind of spiral bevel gear tooth root
Bending stress distributed on line monitoring device and method.
Background technique
Gear is the machine components of a kind of passing movement and power, is critically important and widely used transmission shape in machinery
One of formula.Compared to other types of gear, spiral bevel gear is high with transmission efficiency, frictional resistance is small, instantaneous transmission ratio is accurate,
The advantages that torsion is big is transmitted, high-speed transfer is particularly suitable for.Largely it was verified that it is to cause gear that the flexural fatigue of the gear teeth, which fractures,
One of main damage form of failure, because gear tooth, when loaded, the bending stress at Gear Root is the largest, then plus
On stress concentration effect caused by the abrupt change of cross-section due to tooth root transition portion and machining spur etc., after the gear teeth are repeatedly loaded,
Fatigue crack will be generated at tooth root, and is gradually extended, and eventually lead to gear teeth fatigue break, gear part is being transported in order to prevent
The failures such as gear teeth fatigue break occur during row, and then reduce the generation of safety accident, improve the service life of machine components
And efficiency, the bending fatigue strength of state and the gear teeth just seems very necessary monitor gear in the process of running, and
Gear Root bending stress is the main contents of tooth bending Calculation of Fatigue Strength, is also just inherently derived the extensive attention of people.
Fiber grating with many good characteristics such as corrosion-resistant, strong antijamming capability is widely used to many necks because of it
Domain, very early it has been proposed that carrying out the measurement of Gear Root bending stress using fiber grating, but ordinary optic fibre grating grid region
Length is about 1cm, and the bending stress measured is integral of the tooth root in this 1cm range internal tooth wide direction upper stress, however practical
On, spiral bevel gear tooth root stress is heterogeneous, so the bending stress detected in this way is also inaccuracy, and be cannot achieve
The full distributed measurement of bending stress.
Nowadays existing many for the detection method of ordinary straight Gear Root bending stress, it is most common such as in Gear Root
Foil gauge is pasted in portion, obtains its bending stress, but this method by the method for foil gauge characteristic variations when measurement Gear Root bending
Can only spot measurement, can not distributed measurement, and measurement result be easy by many extraneous factors interfere；Limited element analysis technique
It is also to calculate the common method of tooth bending stress, but the method data volume is too big, and solving precision is lower；Wuhan University of Technology Lee
Break et al. proposes the straight spur gear Stress Correction Coefficient optimization method based on fiber grating, is measured and is tied according to fiber grating
Fruit optimizes the Stress Correction Coefficient of straight spur gear bending stress analytical Calculation, improves Stress calculation precision, but nothing
Method realizes the measurement of full distributed root stress；In addition it also can be evaluated whether Gear Root bending stress with the method for software emulation,
But implement it is more complicated, it is as a result also undesirable.In the method for numerous Gear Root bending stresses detection, it can be used in
Spiral bevel gear etc. is bent the seldom of tooth root stress detection, and most of survey that can only all realize tooth root ensemble average bending stress
Amount or the measurement for realizing limited several bending stresses on tooth root, can not achieve full distributed measurement.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to big for the method error for measuring spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress in the prior art, no
Can distributed measurement, and be easy to influence the defect of working gear, provide a kind of structure is simple, be easily achieved based on fiber grating
Spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring device and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring disclosed by the invention
Device, it is characterised in that: it includes photo-coupler, optical fiber slip ring, swept light source, optical circulator, optical frequency domain demodulating system, calculates
Machine, the first measurement fiber grating being symmetrically attached in spiral bevel gear on the tooth root of single tooth two sides and the second measurement fiber grating,
Wherein, the photo-coupler is fixed on spiral bevel gear, optical fiber slip ring, swept light source, optical circulator, optical frequency domain demodulating system and
Outside spiral bevel gear, the first optical signal of the frequency sweep light signal output end connection optical circulator of swept light source is connect for computer installation
Mouthful, the first optical interface of front end of the optic communication end connection photo-coupler of the first measurement fiber grating, the second measurement light
The second optical interface of front end of the optic communication end connection photo-coupler of fine grating, the rear end optical interface of photo-coupler connect optical fiber slip ring
Rotation terminals, optical fiber slip ring fixed terminals connection optical circulator the second optical signal interface, optical frequency domain demodulating system
Signal input part connection optical circulator third optical signal interface, the signal output end of optical frequency domain demodulating system connects computer
Signal input part.
The tooth of the length and the single tooth two sides of spiral bevel gear of the first measurement fiber grating and the second measurement fiber grating
The length of root is consistent.
Ordinary optic fibre grating grid region is about 1cm, and the method for traditional fiber grating measurement Gear Root bending stress can only
The integral of bending stress of the Gear Root at pasted grating (i.e. at 1cm) is measured, spiral bevel gear tooth root institute is strained general
It is heterogeneous, so can not accurately obtain its bending stress in this way, and can not achieve distributed measurement.It is used in the present invention
Grid region length and the consistent fiber grating of spiral bevel gear facewidth axial length, and use spatial resolution for the light Frequency Domain Solution of 1mm
Adjusting system, in the region 1mm, it is believed that strain is uniform, therefore can accurately obtain the facewidth at the every 1mm of spiral bevel gear tooth root
There is stress suffered by direction high spatial resolution can be mapped stress suffered by facewidth direction by Elasticity relevant knowledge
For the bending stress on the high direction of tooth, to realize full distributed measurement spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress.
A kind of spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method of above-mentioned apparatus, which is characterized in that it is wrapped
Include following steps:
Step 1: tested spiral bevel gear is placed in stationary state；
Step 2: the frequency sweep optical signal of swept light source output end, frequency sweep optical signal pass through optical circulator, optical fiber slip ring and light
Coupler enters the first measurement fiber grating and the second measurement fiber grating；
Step 3: it is anti-that frequency sweep optical signal carries out Prague in the first measurement fiber grating and the second measurement fiber grating
It penetrates, the first reflection spectrum signal of the first measurement fiber grating feedback is input to the first optical interface of front end of photo-coupler, and second surveys
Second reflection spectrum signal of amount fiber grating feedback is input to the second optical interface of front end of photo-coupler；
Step 4: the first reflection spectrum signal and the second reflection spectrum signal are overlapped in domain by photo-coupler on time, and output two is anti-
The superposed signal of spectrum is penetrated, the superposed signal of two reflectance spectrums passes through optical fiber slip ring according to this and optical circulator enters light frequency-domain demodulation system
The superposed signal of two reflectance spectrums is converted to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal by system, optical frequency domain demodulating system；
Step 5: optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal is conveyed to computer by optical frequency domain demodulating system, and computer is according to optical fiber
Grating wavelength shifted signal is segmented (every grid region 1mm is one section) demodulation process, obtains the first measurement fiber grating and second
The wavelength of segmentation is respectively demodulated on measurement fiber grating；Computer decouples the wavelength of obtained each demodulation segmentation, eliminates temperature
The influence to testing result is spent, each staged demodulation section on above-mentioned first measurement fiber grating and the second measurement fiber grating is obtained
Initial wavelength λi；Initial wavelength λiFor the wavelength of tested spiral bevel gear each staged demodulation section when static；
Step 6: in the rotation of tested spiral bevel gear, the when the method according to step 2~5 obtains tested spiral bevel gear movement
One measurement fiber grating and second measurement fiber grating on each staged demodulation section wavelength, and find out tested spiral bevel gear it is static with
Each staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ of motion state, staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ are only strained influence；
Step 7: 1 the first measurement fiber grating of calculating and the second measurement fiber grating are respectively segmented computer according to the following formula
Demodulate strain stress suffered by sectioni；
Δ λ=(1-P) λiεi (1)
Wherein, P is the effective strain optical coefficient for measuring fiber grating, εiFor the first measurement fiber grating and the second measurement optical fiber
Each staged demodulation section institute of grating is strained, i.e., strained along facewidth direction institute on the tooth root of the tested single tooth of spiral bevel gear；
Then 2 the real-time bending stress σ of distribution for being tested the high direction of spiral bevel gear tooth root tooth is calculated according to the following formulax,
Accurately to realize conversion of the every section of segmentation tooth root axial length direction stress to the high bending stress of tooth, i.e. completion spiral bevel gear tooth root
Bending stress distributed on line monitoring；
Wherein, E is the elasticity modulus of materials of tested spiral bevel gear, and α is constant related with tested spiral bevel gear material,
For value between 0 and 1, b is the facewidth of tested spiral bevel gear, εiAlong the facewidth on tooth root to be tested the single tooth two sides of spiral bevel gear
Direction institute is strained.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is by using with the consistent fiber grating of spiral bevel gear facewidth axial length and in conjunction with high spatial resolution
The optical frequency domain demodulating system of (spatial resolution 1mm) measures, and converts every 1mm sections of optical fiber for the high bending stress measurement of tooth
The measurement of grating tooth width direction stress not only realizes distributed bending stress measurement, has high spatial resolution, and to survey
Measure more convenient, measurement result is more accurate；Fiber grating is respectively positioned on spiral bevel gear tooth root two sides, is not influencing spiral bevel gear just
Actual condition can be substituted into effectively in measurement, guarantee the accuracy and reliability of result, due to the output of signal by often transmission
Using 2X1 coupler, optical fiber slip ring and optical frequency domain demodulating system, so the invention is suitable for monitoring spiral bevel gear in a distributed manner
Root stress；This method removes the interference of temperature factor bring, there is no need to which temperature compensation means is arranged, enormously simplifies signal
The structure of probe portion, and the sensitivity that can also be doubled；It may be implemented by multiple probe units in parallel on gear week
The measurement of each tooth.
The present invention can be realized the transmission Dedenda's bending stress distributed monitoring of the spiral bevel gear under various operating conditions, and having can be real
Existing distributed measurement, structure are simple, easy to operate, and measurement is accurate, and measurement sensitivity is high, can realize temperature compensation automatically, it is easy to accomplish
The advantages of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Wherein, 1-spiral bevel gear, 1.1-tooth roots, 2-the first measurement fiber grating, 3-the second measurement fiber grating,
4-the first transmission fiber, the 5-the second transmission fiber, 6-photo-couplers, 7-gear shafts, 8-optical fiber slip rings, 9-sweep lights
Source, 10-optical circulators, 11-optical frequency domain demodulating systems, 12-computers.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring device of the invention, it includes photo-coupler 6
(2X1 coupler), optical fiber slip ring 8, optical circulator 10, optical frequency domain demodulating system 11, computer 12, are symmetrically attached to swept light source 9
The first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3 in spiral bevel gear 1 on the tooth root 1.1 of single tooth two sides, wherein
The photo-coupler 6 is fixed on spiral bevel gear 1, optical fiber slip ring 8, swept light source 9, optical circulator 10, optical frequency domain demodulating system
11 and computer 12 be arranged outside spiral bevel gear 1, the first of the frequency sweep light signal output end of swept light source 9 connection optical circulator 10
Optical signal interface, the first optical interface of front end of the optic communication end connection photo-coupler 6 of the first measurement fiber grating 2 are described
The second optical interface of front end of the optic communication end connection photo-coupler 6 of second measurement fiber grating 3, the rear end light of photo-coupler 6 connect
Second optical signal of the rotation terminals of mouth connection optical fiber slip ring 8, the fixed terminals connection optical circulator 10 of optical fiber slip ring 8 connects
Mouthful, the third optical signal interface of the signal input part connection optical circulator 10 of optical frequency domain demodulating system 11, optical frequency domain demodulating system
The signal input part of 11 signal output end connection computer 12.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the frequency for the sweeping laser that the swept light source 9 exports is 40~60kHZ, preferably
50kHZ.Frequency is that the high speed frequency swept laser of 40~60kHZ ensure that the real-time of detection, high speed frequency swept laser scanning hair
Out in certain wave band wavelength be in periodical linear change light.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the rear end optical interface of photo-coupler 6 is realized by optical fiber slip ring 8 by dynamic rotary to static state
The transformation of transmission.The shaft end center and 8 center of optical fiber slip ring of rear end optical interface are maintained at sustained height, while passing through therebetween
Moccasin pipe is connected, to guarantee that optical fiber slip ring 8 can not be by external force in high-speed rotation.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the first measurement optical fiber is symmetrically pasted on the tooth root 1.1 of single tooth two sides in spiral bevel gear 1
Grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3 can be such that sensitivity doubles, while can also realize temperature-compensating automatically.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the wavelength resolution of optical frequency domain demodulating system 11 is 1pm, spatial resolution 1mm, first
The grid region length for measuring fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3 is 20mm, and grid region is equally divided into 20 equal portions, every portion
1mm, the wave length shift of every portion can be obtained in optical frequency domain demodulating system 11, and then obtains the strain of every portion by computer 12
Value realizes distributed measurement.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the photo-coupler 6 is fixed on the gear shaft 7 of spiral bevel gear 1.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the length and spiral umbrella of the first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3
The axial length of the tooth root 1.1 of the single tooth two sides of tooth 1 is consistent.Grid in first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3
Section length is in 20mm or more.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the optic communication end of the first measurement fiber grating 2 connects light by the first transmission fiber 4
The optic communication end of the first optical interface of front end of coupler 6, the second measurement fiber grating 3 is connected by the second transmission fiber 5
The second optical interface of front end of photo-coupler 6.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3 are for output and spiral
The relevant modulated signal with grating wavelength information of the stress information of umbrella tooth tooth root.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, optical frequency domain demodulating system 11 is for turning the modulated signal with grating wavelength information
It is changed to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the computer 12, which is used to be handled to obtain according to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal, has height
The distributed tooth root facewidth direction stress of spatial resolution, is mapped to the high direction of tooth by facewidth direction stress and obtains spiral bevel gear tooth
The distributed stress data of root.
A kind of spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method of above-mentioned apparatus, it includes the following steps:
Step 1: tested spiral bevel gear 1 is placed in stationary state；
Step 2: the frequency sweep optical signal of 9 output end of swept light source, frequency sweep optical signal pass through optical circulator 10, optical fiber slip ring 8
Enter the first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3 with photo-coupler 6；
Step 3: frequency sweep optical signal carries out Prague in the first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3
Reflection, the first reflection spectrum signal that the first measurement fiber grating 2 is fed back are input to the first optical interface of front end of photo-coupler 6, the
The second reflection spectrum signal that two measurement fiber gratings 3 are fed back is input to the second optical interface of front end of photo-coupler 6；
Step 4: the first reflection spectrum signal and the second reflection spectrum signal are overlapped in domain by photo-coupler 6 on time, output two
The superposed signal of reflectance spectrum, the superposed signal of two reflectance spectrums passes through optical fiber slip ring 8 according to this and optical circulator 10 enters light Frequency Domain Solution
The superposed signal of two reflectance spectrums is converted to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal by adjusting system 11, optical frequency domain demodulating system 11；
Step 5: optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal is conveyed to computer 12 by optical frequency domain demodulating system 11, and 12, computer
It is segmented (every grid region 1mm is one section) demodulation process according to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal, obtains the first measurement fiber grating 2
With the wavelength for respectively demodulating segmentation on the second measurement fiber grating 3；Computer 12 solves the wavelength of obtained each demodulation segmentation
Coupling eliminates influence of the temperature to testing result, obtains each on above-mentioned first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3
The initial wavelength λ of staged demodulation sectioni；Initial wavelength λiFor the wavelength of tested spiral bevel gear 1 each staged demodulation section when static；
Step 6: in the rotation of tested spiral bevel gear 1, when the method according to step 2~5 obtains the tested movement of spiral bevel gear 1
The wavelength of each staged demodulation section on first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3, and find out tested spiral bevel gear 1
Static each staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ with motion state, staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ are only strained influence；
Step 7: computer 12 1 calculates the first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement fiber grating 3 respectively according to the following formula
Strain stress suffered by staged demodulation sectioni；
Δ λ=(1-P) λiεi (1)
Wherein, P is the effective strain optical coefficient for measuring fiber grating, εiFor the first measurement fiber grating 2 and the second measurement light
Fine grating 3 each staged demodulation section institute is strained, i.e., on the tooth root 1.1 of the tested single tooth of spiral bevel gear 1 every 1mm sections along facewidth direction
Institute is strained；
Then according to the following formula 2 by every 1mm sections of tooth root strain map suffered by the facewidth direction to corresponding segment tooth Gao Fangxiang
Bending stress calculates the real-time bending stress σ of distribution in the tested 1 high direction of tooth root tooth of spiral bevel gearx, accurately to realize every section
It is segmented conversion of the tooth root axial length direction stress to the high bending stress of tooth, i.e. completion spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress is distributed
On-line monitoring；
Wherein, E is the elasticity modulus of materials of tested spiral bevel gear 1, and α is constant related with tested 1 material of spiral bevel gear,
Seeing reference, (Li Han, Tan Yuegang, Jiang Xixin wait to optimize based on the straight spur gear Stress Correction Coefficient of fiber grating to document
[J] mechanical engineer, 2015 (10): 142-146.), for value between 0 and 1, b is the facewidth of tested spiral bevel gear 1, εi
It is strained along facewidth direction for every 1mm sections on the tooth root 1.1 of the tested single tooth of spiral bevel gear 1.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the equal length of each staged demodulation section, and the length of each staged demodulation section is
1mm.The section length brings preferable spatial resolution.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, due to spiral bevel gear tooth root be it is curved, bending stress direction is different everywhere, general
Logical fiber grating grid region is about 1cm, and the method for traditional fiber grating measurement Gear Root bending stress can only measure gear
The integral of bending stress of the tooth root at pasted grating (i.e. at 1cm), can not accurately obtain its bending stress in this way.The present invention
It is middle that its Segment equivalent is believed that stress is uniform on every section of tooth root at multistage straight-tooth, after segmentation.Fiber grating is along curved
What bent tooth root was pasted, optical frequency domain demodulating system 11 is segmented (every 1mm is one section) processing to overlength optical fiber grating, is equivalent to
Bending tooth root is divided into multistage straight-tooth root, every section of tooth root length is only 1mm.However each point tooth can only be surveyed by pasting grating along the facewidth
Strain in wide direction, then find strain on the multistage tooth root facewidth direction that is divided into of spiral bevel gear bending tooth root with it is corresponding
Correlation between Dedenda's bending stress just becomes the key problem of detection spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress.Therefore the present invention
Conversion, the specific derivation process of formula 2 are realized using the method for formula 2 are as follows:
Assuming that the stress in the single hop tooth root facewidth direction after bending tooth root segmentation is σy, it is high to be tested 1 tooth root tooth of spiral bevel gear
Bending stress is σ to the distribution in direction in real timex, then according to Elasticity relevant knowledge, the ratio σ of the twoy/σxAnd spiral bevel gear
Axial length be it is related, when the facewidth tends to 0, ratio also region 0, when the facewidth tends to be infinite, ratio will become
In the Poisson's ratio of spiral bevel gear material, σy/σxObey exponential distribution:
In formula: b is the facewidth of tested spiral bevel gear 1, and α is constant related with spiral bevel gear material, and value is between 0 and 1
Between.
According to the physical equation of Elasticity:
In formula: εiStrained along facewidth direction for every 1mm sections on the tooth root 1.1 of the tested single tooth of spiral bevel gear 1, E is
The elasticity modulus of measured object material, σx、σy、σzThe direct stress in three directions of respectively 1mm sections of tooth root, μ are the Poisson's ratio of material.
When spiral bevel gear bears moment of flexure, the direct stress along the direction z is 0, i.e. σz=0, it can obtain
Conversion of every 1mm sections of tooth root facewidth direction stress to the high bending stress of tooth can accurately be realized by above formula.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress using spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring device point
Cloth on-line monitoring method, spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring device include photo-coupler (6), fiber slide
Ring (8), optical circulator (10), optical frequency domain demodulating system (11), computer (12), is symmetrically attached to spiral bevel gear at swept light source (9)
(1) the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3) on the tooth root (1.1) of single tooth two sides, wherein
The photo-coupler (6) is fixed on spiral bevel gear (1), optical fiber slip ring (8), swept light source (9), optical circulator (10), optical frequency
Domain demodulating system (11) and computer (12) setting spiral bevel gear (1) outside, the frequency sweep light signal output end of swept light source (9) connects
The first optical signal interface of optical circulator (10) is connect, the optic communication end of first measurement fiber grating (2) connects photo-coupler
(6) the first optical interface of front end, the front end the of optic communication end connection photo-coupler (6) of second measurement fiber grating (3)
Two optical interfaces, the rotation terminals of rear end optical interface connection optical fiber slip ring (8) of photo-coupler (6), the fixation of optical fiber slip ring (8)
Terminals connect second optical signal interface of optical circulator (10), and the signal input part of optical frequency domain demodulating system (11) connects the ring of light
The signal of the third optical signal interface of shape device (10), signal output end connection computer (12) of optical frequency domain demodulating system (11) is defeated
Enter end；
It is characterized in that, spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: tested spiral bevel gear (1) is placed in stationary state；
Step 2: the frequency sweep optical signal of swept light source (9) output end, frequency sweep optical signal pass through optical circulator (10), optical fiber slip ring
(8) and photo-coupler (6) enters the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3)；
Step 3: frequency sweep optical signal carries out Prague in the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3)
Reflection, the first light of front end that the first reflection spectrum signal of the first measurement fiber grating (2) feedback is input to photo-coupler (6) connect
Mouthful, the second reflection spectrum signal of the second measurement fiber grating (3) feedback is input to the second optical interface of front end of photo-coupler (6)；
Step 4: the first reflection spectrum signal and the second reflection spectrum signal are overlapped in domain by photo-coupler (6) on time, and output two is anti-
The superposed signal of spectrum is penetrated, the superposed signal of two reflectance spectrums passes through optical fiber slip ring (8) according to this and optical circulator (10) enters optical frequency domain
The superposed signal of two reflectance spectrums is converted to optic fiber grating wavelength drift letter by demodulating system (11), optical frequency domain demodulating system (11)
Number；
Step 5: optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal is conveyed to computer (12) by optical frequency domain demodulating system (11), computer (12)
Staged demodulation processing is carried out according to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal, obtains the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement light
The wavelength of each demodulation segmentation on fine grating (3)；Computer (12) decouples the wavelength of obtained each demodulation segmentation, eliminates temperature
The influence to testing result is spent, each segmentation solution in above-mentioned first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3) is obtained
Adjust the initial wavelength λ of sectioni；Initial wavelength λiFor be tested spiral bevel gear (1) it is static when each staged demodulation section wavelength；
Step 6: in the rotation of tested spiral bevel gear (1), when the method according to step 2~5 obtains tested spiral bevel gear (1) movement
The wavelength of each staged demodulation section in first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3), and find out tested spiral umbrella
Tooth (1) static each staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ with motion state, staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ are only strained shadow
It rings；
Step 7: computer (12) 1 calculates the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3) according to the following formula
Strain stress suffered by each staged demodulation sectioni；
Δ λ=(1-P) λiεi (1)
Wherein, P is the effective strain optical coefficient for measuring fiber grating, εiFor the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement optical fiber light
Each staged demodulation section of grid (3) institute is strained, i.e., on the tooth root (1.1) of tested spiral bevel gear (1) single tooth suffered by the facewidth direction
Strain；
Then 2 the real-time bending stress σ of distribution for being tested spiral bevel gear (1) high direction of tooth root tooth is calculated according to the following formulax, with
Accurately realize conversion of the every section of segmentation tooth root axial length direction stress to the high bending stress of tooth, i.e. completion spiral bevel gear tooth root is curved
Transverse stress distributed on line monitoring；
Wherein, E is the elasticity modulus of materials of tested spiral bevel gear (1), and α is constant related with tested spiral bevel gear (1) material,
For its value between 0 and 1, b is the facewidth of tested spiral bevel gear (1), εiFor the tooth root for being tested spiral bevel gear (1) single tooth
(1.1) strained along facewidth direction institute on.
2. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Photo-coupler (6) is stated to be fixed on the gear shaft (7) of spiral bevel gear (1).
3. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State the length of the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3) and the tooth root of spiral bevel gear (1) single tooth two sides
(1.1) axial length is consistent.
4. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The optic communication end for stating the first measurement fiber grating (2) passes through the first light of front end of the first transmission fiber (4) connection photo-coupler (6)
Interface, before the optic communication end of second measurement fiber grating (3) is by the second transmission fiber (5) connection photo-coupler (6)
Hold the second optical interface.
5. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states the first measurement fiber grating (2) and the second measurement fiber grating (3) is used to export the stress information phase with spiral bevel gear tooth root
The modulated signal with grating wavelength information closed.
6. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute
Optical frequency domain demodulating system (11) is stated for the modulated signal with grating wavelength information to be converted to optic fiber grating wavelength drift letter
Number.
7. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute
Computer (12) are stated for handling to obtain the distributed tooth root with high spatial resolution according to optic fiber grating wavelength shifted signal
Facewidth direction stress is mapped to the high direction of tooth by facewidth direction stress and obtains the distributed stress data of spiral bevel gear tooth root.
8. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: every
The equal length of a staged demodulation section.
9. spiral bevel gear Dedenda's bending stress distributed on line monitoring method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: every
The length of a staged demodulation section is 1mm.
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| CN105783757A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Novel online gear-tooth bending stress monitoring device and method based on fiber grating |
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