CN106767686A - Structure sediment monitoring method and system based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of structure sediment monitoring method based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement, the two ends of the structural joint between the adjacent structural sections of any two respectively set range sensor, and are calculated the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point on the structural joint；To each structural sections, respectively according to predetermined rule settings node and measuring point, obliquity sensor is set at each measuring point, obliquity sensor can be measured with respect to the horizontal plane at first inclination angle and the second inclination angle of orthogonal both direction at the measuring point, and is calculated the settling amount of any point in structural sections；Sedimentation finally according to arbitrfary point on the settling amount and structural joint of arbitrfary point in structural sections is worth to total settling amount of the long-distance line structure in arbitrfary point, therefore, structure sediment monitoring method based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement of the invention can monitor the tunnel and bridge with overlength linear structure being made up of multiple structural sections, measurement result accuracy is high, and applied widely.

Description

Structure sediment monitoring method and system based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement

Technical field

The invention belongs to civil engineering structure monitoring field, and in particular to a kind of structure based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement Monitoring method of the subsidence and system.

Background technology

In the construction and the monitoring of operation phase of the municipal works such as bridge and tunnel, the differential settlement of works is often Engineering staff pays close attention to monitoring item the most.The bulk settling and differential settlement of works are reasonable in design and construction quality Most intuitively react.Meanwhile, relative settlement also results in structure crack, has influence on the smooth-going in the life-span and vehicle pass-through of structure Property, it is structural health conditions and the mostly important index of military service performance.

The artificial measurement of the level, hydrostatic level, GPS (global positioning system) are structure sediment monitoring hands the most conventional Section, but these methods have respective limitation：Artificial measurement of the level program is complicated, is only capable of maintaining relatively low monitoring frequency, The trend that infrastructure maintenance system develops towards intelligent O＆M cannot be met；Hydrostatic level is by measuring each measuring point Liquid level or hydraulic pressure obtain the settling amount of measuring point, and the system is influenceed by various environmental factors such as temperature, air pressure, pressure sensing The certainty of measurement of device limits such system monitoring with measurement range has the structure of larger depth displacement, and hydrostatic level is in addition A kind of measuring system of series connection, the damage of single measuring node will influence the precision of whole system；The precision of global positioning system Relatively low, algorithm is complicated, and insensitive for change in measuring point short transverse.

In recent years, people have made many explorations in the structure sediment monitoring method based on inclination angle.Disclosed skill During art is converged, patent document CN103993530A discloses a kind of track sedimentation both sides device and measurement side based on angular surveying Method, the method sets multiple surveys and a measurement car in orbit, equipped with position sensor and measuring point encoder use on measurement car In ensuring vehicle arrival measuring point and carrying out angular surveying, by measuring the angle inverting track elevation for obtaining；Patent document CN104142137A discloses a kind of tunnel Longitudinal Settlement monitoring method based on wireless tilt angle sensor, and the method is in advance in tunnel Road side wall level altitude lays a pipeline, a monitoring dolly equipped with obliquity sensor is moved in pipeline, Mei Geyi Set a distance measures an inclination angle for pipeline, so that by the distance and the settling amount of inclination value inverting whole piece shield tunnel moved. In above-mentioned both approaches, track and tunnel are regarded as the summation of multistage broken line, and the inverting of settling amount are carried out based on the hypothesis, This can cause sizable error in the settlement monitoring of long range.Patent document CN104807434A discloses a kind of high-speed iron Road subgrade settlement deformation monitoring method, the method sets a number of steel pipe in high speed railway track bearing of trend, in steel pipe Obliquity sensor is provided with, the shape of roadbed is assumed to be a quartic polynomial, obtained by bringing measurement of dip angle value into inverse Undetermined coefficient, so as to obtain the whole section of shape of roadbed.

Tunnel and the linear facility of this kind of overlength of bridge are also to be made up of multiple structural sections, between structural sections and structural sections There is structural joint.Structural joint be construction when section boundaries, some be in order to avoid relative settlement cause structure occur cracking and The structural measure taken.Tunnel can be regarded as being made up of two parts with the sedimentation of this kind of linear structure of bridge, and a part is structure The deformation in short transverse that mono- elastomer of Duan Zuowei occurs under external load function, another part is structural sections and structural sections Between the deformation of structural joint that occurs, therefore, the sedimentation profile of super-long structural neither the multi-section-line of straightway series connection, nor One continuous source can island curve.Therefore, existing monitoring method is unable to that accurate measurements are this to be made up of multiple structural sections Tunnel and bridge with overlength linear structure.

The content of the invention

The present invention is carried out to solve the above problems, it is therefore intended that providing one kind can monitor by multiple structural sections Composition tunnel and bridge with overlength linear structure, measurement result accuracy it is high and applied widely based on inclination angle with The structure sediment monitoring method and system of structural joint deformation measurement.

The invention provides it is a kind of based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, for monitoring The sedimentation of the long range linear structure being made up of multiple structural sections, it is characterised in that including：

Step 1, the two ends of the structural joint between the adjacent structural sections of any two respectively set range sensor, root The sedimentation value at the structural joint two ends gathered according to the range sensor obtains any point on the structural joint based on pre-defined rule Sedimentation value；

Step 2, is respectively provided with multiple nodes in each structural sections, and the node setting principle is：In the structural sections Each corner point is respectively provided with a node, when the side of the structural sections is curve, this while at least provided with one except positioned at this while The node of two-end-point；

Step 3, multiple measuring points are respectively provided with each described structural sections, are passed in the position mounted angle of each measuring point Sensor, for measure all measuring points with respect to the horizontal plane go up orthogonal both direction between the first inclination angle and second Inclination angle, the measuring point setting principle is：A measuring point, the structural sections every are respectively provided with each corner point of the structural sections The quantity of node on when the quantity of upper measuring point is no less than this；

Step 4, the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle measured according to all described obliquity sensor in P-structure section is based on Pre-defined rule obtains the sedimentation value of the upper arbitrfary point of P-structure section；

Step 5, according in p-th structural sections between the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point, -1 structural sections of p-th structural sections and pth Structural joint and the structural joint before all structural joints on the sedimentation value at any point obtained p-th based on pre-defined rule Total settling amount of arbitrfary point in structural sections.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, with respect to the horizontal plane the going up for obliquity sensor measurement in all structural sections is mutually hung down Straight both direction is identical.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, in step 4, the sedimentation value of the upper arbitrfary point of P-structure section is obtained using inversion algorithm Arrive, include the step of inversion algorithm：

Step 4-1, sets up rectangular coordinate system, and two reference axis of the rectangular coordinate system are measured with obliquity sensor respectively Orthogonal both direction it is identical, coordinate in structural sections is (x, y), then the coordinate of node is (x_i,y_i), the seat of measuring point It is designated asWherein i, k are positive integer, and k >=i；

Step 4-2, sets up natural system of coordinates, the natural system of coordinates and natural coordinates in isoparametric element in Finite Element Method It is identical method for building up, the structural sections is mapped as a square shaped cells, the square under the natural system of coordinates The center of unit overlaps with described natural system of coordinates origin, and the coordinate in square shaped cells is (ζ, η), then node in structural sections Coordinate be mapped as (ζ_i,η_i), the coordinate of measuring point is mapped asWherein i, k are positive integer, and k >=i；

Step 4-3, under the natural system of coordinates, sets up the shape function N corresponding with each node_i(ζ, η), the shape Function N_iThe characteristics of (ζ, η)：For the shape function at each node, the N at the node_i(ζ, η)=1, the N at other nodes_i (ζ, η)=0；

Step 4-4, the coordinate of shape function, each node according to each node obtains the rectangular coordinate system based on pre-defined rule Under coordinate (x, y) and the natural system of coordinates under coordinate (ζ, η) between mapping relations；

Step 4-5, arbitrfary point sedimentation value and each node shape function and each node in P-structure section are set up based on pre-defined rule Locate the function of sedimentation value；

Step 4-6, in the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle, the step 4-5 of the measurement according to each measuring point updip angle transducer The mapping relations base between coordinate (ζ, η) under coordinate (x, y) under the function, the rectangular coordinate system that arrive and the natural system of coordinates The sedimentation value at each node is obtained in pre-defined rule；

Step 4-7, is based on being obtained in step 4-5 according to the sedimentation value at each node, the mapping relations obtained in step 4-4 Function obtain P-structure section in arbitrfary point sedimentation value.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, in step 1, M_P、N_PRange sensor respectively at two end points of structural joint, note M_P、N_PThe vertical deformation measurement result of two range sensors measurement is respectivelyBetween two adjacent structural sections Structural joint F_PThe sedimentation value at upper any pointTried to achieve according to following methods：

Wherein,Respectively range sensor N_PCoordinate at position,It is range sensor M_PPosition Put the coordinate at place.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, the mapping relations in step 4-3 are obtained by following steps：

Step 4-3a, by the abscissa of arbitrary coordinate in the structural sections abscissa of the shape function of each node and each node Function representation, formula is as follows：

By the abscissa of arbitrary coordinate in the structural sections function representation of the abscissa of the shape function and each node of each node, Formula is as follows：

Between coordinate (ζ, η) on coordinate (x, y) and isoparametric element under step 4-3b, rectangular coordinate system under natural system of coordinates Mapping relations it is as follows：

Wherein, x is the abscissa of arbitrfary point, x_iIt is the abscissa of each node, By formula (1) (2) local derviation is asked to obtain ζ and η respectively.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, in step 4-4, in the P structural sections arbitrfary point sedimentation value and each node shape function and The function of sedimentation value is at each node：

Wherein, u_P(x, y) represents the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in the P structural sections, u_P(x_i,y_i) represent the P structural sections The sedimentation value of interior each node.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, in step 4-5, the sedimentation value at each node is obtained by following steps：

Step 4-5a, by the function in step 4-4 respectively to rectangular coordinate system in two independents variable x and y ask local derviation to obtain Each point is respectively relative to the slope expression of two reference axis in structural sections：

Wherein, k_xSlope for the interior each point of P-structure section relative to x-axis, k_yBe P-structure section in each point relative to y-axis Slope, u_P(x, y) represents the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in P-structure section,

And then obtain the slope expression that each measuring point is respectively relative to two reference axis：

Step 4-5b, the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle measured by obliquity sensor obtains each measuring point difference in structural sections Relative to the slope value of two reference axis,

Wherein,ForInclination angle of the measuring point relative to y-axis direction；ForInclination angle of the measuring point relative to x-axis direction；Incline The angle that angle transducer is measured it is positive and negative, under rectangular coordinate system with right-hand screw rule determine；

Step 4-5c, the slope value that the slope expression obtained according to step 4-5a, step 4-5b are obtained is using optimization Method obtains the sedimentation value of each node,

First, the slope expression both sides that will be obtained in step 4-5a are represented in the form of matrix, then, by step The slope value that 4-5b is obtained brings above formula into, and the sedimentation value for obtaining each node using optimal method obtains each section based on pre-defined rule The sedimentation value of point.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, in step 5, total settling amount of arbitrfary point is adopted with the following method in p-th structural sections Obtain：

H (x, y) is total settling amount of arbitrfary point in p-th structural sections, u_p(x, y) is arbitrfary point in p-th structural sections Sedimentation value,It is the sedimentation value of each point on the P structural joint.

Further, the present invention provide based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method in, Can also have the feature that：Wherein, in step 1, the quantity of the node in the curved side of the structural sections is according to the knot The beam mode of the curved side of structure section is set.

Present invention also offers a kind of structure sediment monitoring system based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement, its feature exists In, comprising：Structural sections settlement monitoring portion, list is monitored comprising multiple for monitoring the structural sections of the relative settlement in single structure section Unit, each described structural sections monitoring unit includes multiple obliquity sensors and the obliquity sensor in structural sections First communication unit of connection, multiple obliquity sensors are separately mounted to turning point and the structural sections of each structural sections Curved side with respect to the horizontal plane goes up two inclination angles between orthogonal both direction along upper for measurement, and the inclination angle passes The installation direction of sensor causes that two inclination angles of all obliquity sensor measurements are respectively relatively same orthogonal Both direction；

Structural joint deformation monitoring portion, comprising the knot that multiple is settled for the structural joint between two adjacent structural sections of monitoring Structure stitches monitoring unit, and each described structural joint monitoring unit is connected comprising two range sensors and the range sensor The second communication unit, two range sensors are separately positioned on the both sides of structural joint；

Processing unit, comprising：The third communication list being connected with first communication unit and second communication unit communication Unit, input block and processing unit,

Wherein, the input block is used to be input into the model of the long range linear structure, and is input into the inclination angle sensing The position of device and the range sensor in the model,

Obliquity sensor and the number of range sensor measurement that the processing unit is received according to the third communication unit Total settling amount of arbitrfary point in long range linear structure is obtained according to and based on pre-defined rule.

Further, in the structure sediment monitoring system based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement that the present invention is provided, also Can have the feature that：Wherein, obliquity sensor is double-shaft tilt angle sensor, two axles of the double-shaft tilt angle sensor Between angle be 90 °, two axles of all double-shaft tilt angle sensors are parallel or vertical.

Advantages of the present invention is as follows：

According to the structure sediment monitoring method based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement involved in the present invention, any two The two ends of the structural joint between adjacent structural sections respectively set range sensor, and are calculated arbitrfary point on the structural joint Sedimentation value；To each structural sections, the corner of structural sections is respectively provided with a node, the curved side of structural sections be respectively provided with to Few one, except the node positioned at the side two-end-point, is respectively provided with a measuring point, in the curve of structural sections in the corner of structural sections While quantity of the quantity of the measuring point being respectively provided with no less than node, sets obliquity sensor at each measuring point, obliquity sensor can Measure with respect to the horizontal plane at first inclination angle and the second inclination angle of orthogonal both direction at the measuring point, and be calculated knot The settling amount of any point in structure section, this kind of method is obtained in that the overall sedimentation in orthogonal both direction of structural sections, The stress of reflection structure that can be detailed；Finally according to arbitrfary point on the settling amount and structural joint of arbitrfary point in structural sections Sedimentation is worth to total settling amount of the long-distance line structure in arbitrfary point, due to long range linear structure being divided according to structural sections Section monitoring, measurement result is accurate, it is to avoid exists during as disposed of in its entirety and there is structural joint between structural sections and structural sections Consolidating settlement, therefore, the structure sediment monitoring method based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement of the invention can monitor by The tunnel and bridge with overlength linear structure of multiple structural sections compositions, measurement result accuracy are high and applied widely.

Structure sediment monitoring system based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement of the present invention, obliquity sensor according to The above method is set, and measures the inclination value of measuring point, and numerical value is sent to third communication unit, range sensor by the first communication unit Set according to the above method, the vertical deformation of measurement structure seam, numerical value is sent to third communication unit by the second communication unit, locates The data that reason portion is received according to third communication unit are based on pre-defined rule treatment and obtain the total of arbitrfary point in long range linear structure Settling amount, therefore, it is of the invention to be monitored by many with the structure sediment monitoring system of structural joint deformation measurement based on inclination angle The tunnel and bridge with overlength linear structure of individual structural sections composition, measurement result accuracy are high and applied widely.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiments of the invention middle and long distance linear structure；

Fig. 2 is the point layout figure of the structural joint deformation monitoring equipment of structural sections in embodiments of the invention；

Fig. 3 is the inserting knot figure of structural sections in embodiments of the invention；

Fig. 4 is the point layout figure of structural sections in embodiments of the invention；

Fig. 5 is the mapping of structural sections under natural system of coordinates in embodiments of the invention；

Fig. 6 is the signal based on inclination angle with the structure sediment monitoring system of structural joint deformation measurement in embodiments of the invention Figure.

Specific embodiment

In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, it is real below Example combination accompanying drawing is applied specifically to explain the present invention with the structure sediment monitoring method and system of structural joint deformation measurement based on inclination angle State.

In the present embodiment, the structure sediment monitoring method based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement, for monitoring by many The sedimentation of the long range linear structure of individual structural sections composition.As shown in figure 1, by multiple structural sections of long range linear structure a from left side To right number consecutively 1,2,3 ..., P ..., P are positive integer.Structure sediment monitoring side based on inclination angle Yu structural joint deformation measurement Method is comprised the following steps：

Step S1, the two ends of the structural joint between the adjacent structural sections of any two respectively set range sensor, The sedimentation value at the structural joint two ends gathered according to range sensor obtains the heavy of any point on the structural joint based on pre-defined rule Depreciation.

As shown in figure 1, with the left side of long range linear structure be measuring basis side, labeled as structural joint F₀, and separately Structural joint F₀It is 0 that the sedimentation of upper arbitrfary point is permanent.Long range linear structure structural joint number consecutively F from left to right₁, F₂, F₃..., F_P..., P is positive integer.

As shown in Fig. 2 arbitrary structures seam F_PTwo ends be respectively provided with range sensor, mark structure seam F_POn two distances Sensor is respectively labeled as M_P、N_P。M_P、N_PVertical deformation at measurement structure seam two ends, i.e. sedimentation value respectively.Note M_P、N_PSurvey Amount result is respectively

Step S2, the sedimentation profile of shape and prediction according to structural sections sets multiple nodes in structural sections, and node sets Putting principle is：Be respectively provided with a node in each corner point of structural sections, when the side of structural sections is curve, on the side at least provided with One except the node positioned at the side two-end-point.Wherein, song of the quantity of the node in the curved side of structural sections according to structural sections The beam mode on line side is set.And 1,2 is numbered to each node ..., i ..., i are positive integer.

In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, structural sections there are two sides for curve, one is respectively provided with the corner point of structural sections Individual node, and numbering 1,2,3,4 respectively, 1 node, and numbering 5,6 respectively are respectively provided with the centre position of every curved side.

Step S3, sets multiple measuring points in structural sections, in the position mounted angle sensor of each measuring point, by P The measuring point of structural sections is denoted asP is the P structural sections, and k is the numbering of certain measuring point the P structural sections Nei, and k is positive integer. In the present embodiment, obliquity sensor is double-shaft tilt angle sensor, and the angle between two axles of double-shaft tilt angle sensor is 90°.Obliquity sensor can be inclinometer, gyroscope etc..Obliquity sensor is used to measure all measuring points with respect to the horizontal plane The first inclination angle and the second inclination angle between orthogonal both direction.In the present embodiment, orthogonal both direction rule It is set to the length and width both direction of respectively long range linear structure, therefore the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle, it is suitable respectively In the inclination angle of the point in long range the linear structure with respect to the horizontal plane inclination angle of length direction, with respect to the horizontal plane width, Both direction of vertical of two axles of the obliquity sensor in all structural sections with above-mentioned regulation is identical.

Measuring point setting principle is：A measuring point, measuring point in structural sections each edge are respectively provided with each corner point of structural sections Quantity of the quantity no less than node on the side.Wherein, the position of measuring point can be completely superposed with node, it is also possible to not exclusively heavy Close.

In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, the structural sections wherein shown in Fig. 4 are identical with structural sections in Fig. 3, in structure The corner point of section is respectively provided with a measuring point, and is denoted as respectively 2 are respectively provided with every curved side Measuring point, two measuring points are located at fourth class office respectively, and are denoted as respectivelyObliquity sensor is measured respectively The first inclination angle and the second inclination angle between orthogonal both direction are with respect to the horizontal plane gone up at 8 measuring points.

Step S4, the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle measured according to all obliquity sensors in P-structure section is based on pre- Set pattern then obtains the sedimentation value of the upper arbitrfary point of P-structure section.In the present embodiment, the sedimentation value of the upper arbitrfary point of P-structure section is adopted Obtained with inversion algorithm, inversion algorithm is comprised the steps of：

Step S4-1, sets up rectangular coordinate system, what two reference axis of rectangular coordinate system were measured respectively at obliquity sensor Orthogonal both direction is identical.In the present embodiment, x-axis is consistent with linear structure length direction over long distances, y-axis with grow away from Offline property structure width direction is consistent.Coordinate in structural sections is (x, y), then the coordinate of node is (x_i,y_i), the coordinate of measuring point ForIt is the first inclination angle to make relative to the inclination angle in x-axis direction, is the second inclination angle relative to the inclination angle in y-axis direction.

Under rectangular coordinate system, structural joint F_PThe vertical deformation distribution of upper arbitrfary pointFor：

Wherein,Respectively range sensor N_PCoordinate at position,It is range sensor M_PPosition Put the coordinate at place.

Step 4-2, sets up natural system of coordinates, and natural system of coordinates is built with natural system of coordinates in isoparametric element in Finite Element Method Cube method is identical.As shown in figure 5, structural sections are mapped as the square shaped cells that length of side is 2 under natural system of coordinates, it is square The center of shape unit overlaps with natural system of coordinates origin, the coordinate in square shaped cells be (ζ, η), then in structural sections node seat Mark is mapped as (ζ_i,η_i), the coordinate of measuring point is mapped asWherein i, k are positive integer, and k >=i.

Step S4-3, under natural system of coordinates, sets up the shape function N corresponding with each node_i(ζ,η).Shape function N_i The characteristics of (ζ, η)：For the shape function at each node, the N at the node_i(ζ, η)=1, the N at other nodes_i(ζ, η)= 0。

In the present embodiment, under natural system of coordinates, the shape function at each node is as follows：

Step S4-4, the coordinate of shape function, each node according to each node is obtained under ordinary coor system based on pre-defined rule Coordinate (x, y) and isoparametric element on mapping relations between coordinate (ζ, η) under natural system of coordinates, mapping relations are by following step Suddenly obtain：

Step S4-4a, by the abscissa of arbitrfary point in the structural sections abscissa of the shape function of each node and each node Function representation, formula is as follows：

By the abscissa of arbitrary coordinate in the structural sections function representation of the abscissa of the shape function and each node of each node, Formula is as follows：

Coordinate (ζ, η) under coordinate (x, y) under step S4-4b, rectangular coordinate system and natural system of coordinates in isoparametric element it Between mapping relations it is as follows：

Wherein, x is the abscissa of arbitrfary point, x_iIt is the abscissa of each node, By formula (1) (2) local derviation is asked to obtain ζ and η respectively.

Step S4-5, arbitrfary point sedimentation value and each node shape function and Ge Jie in P-structure section are set up based on pre-defined rule The function of sedimentation value at point, function expression is as follows：

Wherein, u_P(x, y) represents the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in the P structural sections, u_P(x_i,y_i) represent in the P structural sections The sedimentation value of each node.

Step S4-6, in the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle, the step S4-5 of the measurement according to each measuring point updip angle transducer The mapping between coordinate (ζ, η) on coordinate (x, y) and isoparametric element under the function, the rectangular coordinate system that obtain under natural system of coordinates Relation obtains the sedimentation value at each node based on pre-defined rule.Sedimentation value at each node is obtained by following steps：

Step S4-6a, by the function in step S4-5 respectively to rectangular coordinate system in two independents variable x and y seek local derviation Obtain the slope expression that each point in structural sections is respectively relative to two reference axis：

Wherein, k_xSlope for the interior each point of P-structure section relative to x-axis, k_yBe P-structure section in each point relative to y-axis Slope,

And then obtain the slope expression that each measuring point is respectively relative to two reference axis：

Wherein,ForMeasuring point relative to y-axis slope,ForSlope of the measuring point relative to x-axis.

Step S4-6b, the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle measured by obliquity sensor obtains each measuring point point in structural sections Not relative to the slope value of two reference axis,

Wherein,ForMeasuring point relative to y-axis direction inclination angle, i.e. the second inclination angle；ForMeasuring point is relative to x-axis side To inclination angle, i.e. the first inclination angle；The angle that obliquity sensor is measured it is positive and negative, with right-hand screw rule under rectangular coordinate system It is determined that.

Step S4-6c, the slope value that the slope expression obtained according to step S4-6a, step S4-6b are obtained is using optimal Change method obtains the sedimentation value of each node.

The slope expression both sides that will be obtained in step S4-6a represent that the right obtains after arranging in the form of matrix Such as following formula：

In the present embodiment,

Bring the slope value that step S4-6b is obtained into above formula, the sedimentation value of each node is obtained using optimal method

Step S4-7, is based in step S4-5 according to the sedimentation value at each node, the mapping relations obtained in step S4-4 The function for obtaining obtains the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in P-structure section.

The sedimentation value u at each node that will be obtained in step S4-6_P(x_i,y_i) bring the function obtained in step S4-5 into, will The mapping relations obtained according to step S4-4 of x, y are scaled ζ, η, bring the function obtained in step S4-5 into, so as to obtain P The sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in structural sections.

Step S5, according in p-th structural sections between the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point, -1 structural sections of p-th structural sections and pth Structural joint and the structural joint before all structural joints on the sedimentation value at any point obtained p-th based on pre-defined rule Total settling amount of arbitrfary point in structural sections.

Total settling amount of arbitrfary point is adopted and obtained with the following method in p-th structural sections：

Wherein, H (x, y) is total settling amount of arbitrfary point in p-th structural sections, u_p(x, y) takes up an official post for p-th structural sections The sedimentation value of meaning point,It is the sedimentation value of each point on the P structural joint.

A kind of structure sediment monitoring system 100 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement is used to monitor by multiple structural sections The sedimentation of the long range linear structure 200 of 210 compositions, long range linear structure 200 is as shown in Figure 1.

As shown in fig. 6, in wherein Fig. 6, square represents range sensor, triangle represents obliquity sensor, Distance-sensing The part that device and obliquity sensor overlap represents that specific setting refers to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 only with range sensor.Based on inclination angle and knot The structure sediment monitoring system 100 of structure seam deformation measurement is included：Structure sediment monitoring portion, structural joint deformation monitoring portion and processing unit (not shown).

Structure sediment monitoring portion includes multiple structural sections monitoring unit 10, and each structural sections monitoring unit 10 monitors a knot The sedimentation value at any point in structure section.As shown in figure 4, each structural sections monitoring unit 10 includes multiple obliquity sensors 11 and the One communication unit (not shown), obliquity sensor 11 is arranged on the turning point of each structural sections 210 and the song of structural sections 210 On line edge, obliquity sensor 11 is used to measure two inclination angles with respect to the horizontal plane gone up between orthogonal both direction. The installation direction of obliquity sensor 11 causes that two inclination angles of all obliquity sensor measurements are respectively relatively same mutually vertical Straight both direction.

The setting rule of obliquity sensor 11 is：The turning point of each structural sections respectively sets an obliquity sensor, structure Section side be curve when, this while at least should set again one except positioned at this while two-end-point obliquity sensor.

In the present embodiment, obliquity sensor 11 is arranged in structural sections by mounting bracket, and 8 are set in each structural sections Individual obliquity sensor, 4 obliquity sensors are arranged at the turning point of structural sections, and 4 curved sides for being arranged on structural sections are along upper.

In the present embodiment, obliquity sensor is double-shaft tilt angle sensor, between two axles of double-shaft tilt angle sensor Angle is 90 °, and two axles of all double-shaft tilt angle sensors are parallel or vertical, therefore, two of obliquity sensor measurement incline Angle is respectively relative to same orthogonal both direction.Obliquity sensor is inclinometer or gyroscope.

First communication unit is connected with obliquity sensor 11.In the present embodiment, the first communication unit includes multiple first Communication module, distinguishes an integrated first communication module on each obliquity sensor.

Structural joint deformation monitoring portion includes multiple structural joint monitoring unit 20, and each structural joint monitoring unit 20 monitors two The settling amount at any point on structural joint between adjacent structural sections.As shown in Fig. 2 each structural joint monitoring unit 20 is wrapped Containing two communication unit (not shown) of range sensor 21 and second.Two range sensors 21 are separately positioned on structural joint Both sides, the sedimentation value for measuring structural joint at the point.In the present embodiment, range sensor 21 is installed by mounting bracket At structural joint.

Second communication unit is connected with range sensor 21.In the present embodiment, the second communication unit includes two second Communication module, distinguishes an integrated second communication module on each range sensor 21.Range sensor 21 can for laser type, The range accuracies such as type vibration wire, condenser type meet structure sediment certainty of measurement.

Processing unit (not shown) comprising third communication unit (not shown), input block (not shown) and Processing unit (not shown).Third communication unit is connected with the second communication unit, the first communication unit communication, the third communication Unit and the second communication unit, the first communication unit can be wired connection, or wireless connection, such as：Zigbee、 GPRS, Wifi, LAN, RS485 etc..

Input block is used to be input into the model of the long range linear structure for needing monitoring, and is input into obliquity sensor and distance Position of the sensor in the model.

Processing unit is used for the obliquity sensor and range sensor sent according to the second communication unit, the first communication unit The data of measurement obtain total settling amount of arbitrfary point in arbitrary structures section based on pre-defined rule.

In the present embodiment, processing unit is PC terminals, and input block is display screen.

Above-mentioned implementation method is preferred case of the invention, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. it is a kind of based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, for monitoring by multiple structural sections groups Into long range linear structure sedimentation, it is characterised in that including：

Step 1, the two ends of the structural joint between the adjacent structural sections of any two respectively set range sensor, according to institute The sedimentation value for stating the structural joint two ends of range sensor collection obtains the sedimentation at any point on the structural joint based on pre-defined rule Value；

Step 2, is respectively provided with multiple nodes in each structural sections, and the node setting principle is：The structural sections each Corner point is respectively provided with a node, when the side of the structural sections is curve, this while at least provided with one except positioned at this while two ends The node of point；

Step 3, multiple measuring points are respectively provided with each described structural sections, in the position mounted angle sensing of each measuring point Device, with respect to the horizontal plane goes up the first inclination angle and second between orthogonal both direction for measuring all measuring points and inclines Angle, the measuring point setting principle is：A measuring point, the structural sections each edge are respectively provided with each corner point of the structural sections Quantity of the quantity of upper measuring point no less than node on the side；

Step 4, the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle measured according to all described obliquity sensor in P-structure section is based on predetermined Rule obtains the sedimentation value of the upper arbitrfary point of P-structure section；

Step 5, according to the knot in p-th structural sections between the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point, -1 structural sections of p-th structural sections and pth The sedimentation value at any point obtains p-th structure based on pre-defined rule on all structural joints before structure seam and the structural joint Total settling amount of arbitrfary point in section.

2. it is according to claim 1 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, it is identical that what the obliquity sensor in all structural sections was measured with respect to the horizontal plane goes up orthogonal both direction.

3. it is according to claim 2 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, in step 4, the sedimentation value of the upper arbitrfary point of P-structure section is obtained using inversion algorithm, the step of inversion algorithm Comprising：

Step 4-1, sets up rectangular coordinate system, the phase that two reference axis of the rectangular coordinate system are measured with obliquity sensor respectively Mutually vertical both direction is identical, and the coordinate in structural sections is (x, y), then the coordinate of node is (x_i,y_i), the coordinate of measuring point isWherein i, k are positive integer, and k >=i；

Step 4-2, sets up natural system of coordinates, and the natural system of coordinates is built with natural system of coordinates in isoparametric element in Finite Element Method Cube method is identical, and the structural sections are mapped as into a square shaped cells, the square shaped cells under the natural system of coordinates Center overlapped with described natural system of coordinates origin, the coordinate in square shaped cells be (ζ, η), then in structural sections node seat Mark is mapped as (ζ_i,η_i), the coordinate of measuring point is mapped asWherein i, k are positive integer, and k >=i；

Step 4-3, under the natural system of coordinates, sets up the shape function N corresponding with each node_i(ζ, η), the shape function N_iThe characteristics of (ζ, η)：For the shape function at each node, the N at the node_i(ζ, η)=1, the N at other nodes_i(ζ,η) =0；

Step 4-4, the coordinate of shape function, each node according to each node is obtained under the rectangular coordinate system based on pre-defined rule The mapping relations between coordinate (ζ, η) under coordinate (x, y) and the natural system of coordinates；

Step 4-5, is set up in P-structure section based on pre-defined rule and is sunk at arbitrfary point sedimentation value and each node shape function and each node The function of depreciation；

Step 4-6, obtains in the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle, the step 4-5 of the measurement according to each measuring point updip angle transducer The mapping relations between coordinate (ζ, η) under coordinate (x, y) under function, rectangular coordinate system and the natural system of coordinates are based on pre- Set pattern then obtains the sedimentation value at each node；

Step 4-7, according to the letter that the sedimentation value at each node, the mapping relations obtained in step 4-4 are based on being obtained in step 4-5 Number obtains the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in P-structure section.

4. it is according to claim 3 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, in step 1, M_P、N_PRange sensor respectively at two end points of structural joint, remembers M_P、N_PTwo range sensors The vertical deformation measurement result of measurement is respectively Structural joint F between two adjacent structural sections_PUpper any point Sedimentation valueTried to achieve according to following methods：

$U_{F_P}\left(x,y\right)=\frac{\left(x-x_{N_P}\right)\left(y-y_{N_p}\right)}{\left(x_{M_P}-x_{N_P}\right)\left(y_{M_P}-y_{N_P}\right)}{U}_{M_P}+\frac{\left(x-x_{M_P}\right)\left(y-y_{M_p}\right)}{\left(x_{M_P}-x_{N_P}\right)\left(y_{M_P}-y_{N_P}\right)}{U}_{N_P}$

Wherein,Respectively range sensor N_PCoordinate at position,It is range sensor M_PAt position Coordinate.

5. it is according to claim 3 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, the mapping relations in step 4-4 are obtained by following steps：

Step 4-4a, by the abscissa of arbitrary coordinate in the structural sections function of the abscissa of the shape function and each node of each node Represent, formula is as follows：

$x=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{N}_i(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η})x_i---\left(1\right)$

By the abscissa of arbitrary coordinate in the structural sections function representation of the abscissa of the shape function and each node of each node, formula It is as follows：

$y=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{N}_i(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η})y_i---\left(2\right)$

Reflecting between the coordinate (ζ, η) under step 4-4b, coordinate (x, y) under the rectangular coordinate system and the natural system of coordinates Penetrate relation as follows：

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂N_i\left(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η}\right)}{\∂x}\\ \frac{\∂N_i\left(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η}\right)}{\∂y}\end{array}\right]=J^{-1}\left[\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂N_i\left(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η}\right)}{\∂\mathrm{\ζ}}\\ \frac{\∂N_i\left(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η}\right)}{\∂\mathrm{\η}}\end{array}\right]---\left(3\right)$

$J=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\∂x}{\∂\mathrm{\ζ}}& \frac{\∂y}{\∂\mathrm{\ζ}}\\ \frac{\∂x}{\∂\mathrm{\η}}& \frac{\∂y}{\∂\mathrm{\η}}\end{array}\right]---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, x is the abscissa of arbitrfary point, x_iIt is the abscissa of each node, By formula (1) (2) point It is other to ask local derviation to obtain ζ and η.

6. it is according to claim 3 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, in step 4-5, sedimentation value at arbitrfary point sedimentation value and each node shape function and each node in the P structural sections Function is：

$u_P(x,y)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{N}_i(\mathrm{\ζ},\mathrm{\η})u_P(x_i,y_i)$

Wherein, u_P(x, y) represents the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in the P structural sections, u_P(x_i,y_i) represent the P structural sections Nei Gejie The sedimentation value of point.

7. it is according to claim 3 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, in step 4-6, the sedimentation value at each node is obtained by following steps：

Step 4-6a, by the function in step 4-5 respectively to rectangular coordinate system in two independents variable x and y ask local derviation to be tied Each point is respectively relative to the slope expression of two reference axis in structure section：

$k_y=\frac{\∂u_P(x,y)}{\∂x}$

$k_x=\frac{\∂u_P(x,y)}{\∂y}$

Wherein, k_xSlope for the interior each point of P-structure section relative to x-axis, k_yFor each point is oblique relative to y-axis in P-structure section Rate, u_P(x, y) represents the sedimentation value of arbitrfary point in P-structure section,

And then obtain the slope expression that each measuring point is respectively relative to two reference axis：

$k_{y\left(Q_P^k\right)}=\frac{\∂u_P(x_{Q_P^k},y_{Q_P^k})}{\∂x}$

$k_{x\left(Q_P^k\right)}=\frac{\∂u_P(x_{Q_P^k},y_{Q_P^k})}{\∂y}$

Step 4-6b, it is relative respectively that the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle measured by obliquity sensor obtain each measuring point in structural sections In the slope value of two reference axis,

$k_{y\left(Q_P^k\right)}=-{\mathrm{tan\φ}}_{Q_P^k}$

$k_{x\left(Q_P^k\right)}={\mathrm{tan\θ}}_{Q_P^k}$

Wherein,ForInclination angle of the measuring point relative to y-axis direction；ForInclination angle of the measuring point relative to x-axis direction；Inclination angle passes The angle that sensor is measured it is positive and negative, under rectangular coordinate system with right-hand screw rule determine；

Step 4-6c, the slope value that the slope expression obtained according to step 4-6a, step 4-6b are obtained utilizes optimal method The sedimentation value of each node is obtained,

First, the slope expression both sides that will be obtained in step 4-6a are represented in the form of matrix, then, by step 4-6b The slope value for obtaining brings above formula into, and the sedimentation value for obtaining each node using optimal method obtains each node based on pre-defined rule Sedimentation value.

8. it is according to claim 1 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, in step 5, total settling amount of arbitrfary point is adopted and obtained with the following method in p-th structural sections：

$H(x,y)=u_P(x,y)+\underset{0}{\overset{p-1}{\Σ}}{U}_{F_P}(x,y)$

H (x, y) is total settling amount of arbitrfary point in p-th structural sections, u_P(x, y) is the sedimentation of arbitrfary point in the P structural sections Value,It is the sedimentation value of each point on the P structural joint.

9. it is according to claim 1 based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure sediment monitoring method, its feature It is：

Wherein, in step 1, the bending of the quantity of the node in the curved side of the structural sections according to the curved side of the structural sections Pattern is set.

10. it is a kind of implement in claim 1-9 described in any claim based on inclination angle and structural joint deformation measurement structure The system of Monitoring method of the subsidence, it is characterised in that include：

Structural sections settlement monitoring portion, is used to monitor the structural sections monitoring unit of the relative settlement in single structure section comprising multiple, Each described structural sections monitoring unit includes multiple obliquity sensors in structural sections and obliquity sensor connection The first communication unit, multiple obliquity sensors are separately mounted to the turning point of each structural sections and the curve of structural sections On edge, two inclination angles between orthogonal both direction, the obliquity sensor are with respect to the horizontal plane gone up for measurement Installation direction cause that two inclination angles of all obliquity sensors measurements are respectively relatively same orthogonal two Direction；

Structural joint deformation monitoring portion, comprising the structural joint that multiple is settled for the structural joint between two adjacent structural sections of monitoring Monitoring unit, each described structural joint monitoring unit connected comprising two range sensors and the range sensor the Two communication units, two range sensors are separately positioned on the both sides of structural joint；

Processing unit, comprising：It is the third communication unit that is connected with first communication unit and second communication unit communication, defeated Enter unit and processing unit,

Wherein, the input block is used to being input into the model of the long range linear structure, and be input into the obliquity sensor and Position of the range sensor in the model,

The data that the obliquity sensor and range sensor that the processing unit is received according to the third communication unit are measured are simultaneously Total settling amount of arbitrfary point in long range linear structure is obtained based on pre-defined rule.

11. systems according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the obliquity sensor is double-shaft tilt angle sensor, the angle between two axles of the double-shaft tilt angle sensor It it is 90 °, two axles of all double-shaft tilt angle sensors are parallel or vertical.