CN106761481B - A kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool realizes the connection with other drilling tools by the external screw thread of mandrel lower end lower contact and the internal thread of top connection；Stranded wire helical spring energy storage, spring is used to be fixed on inside by casing inside top connection, top connection is used with internal thread spline cylinder and is threadedly coupled；Internal and external screw spline is rectangle flank profil；Connecting sleeve connects pressurization sliding pipe above with outer spiral spline axis is threadedly coupled, below by pipe screw thread；Lower half portion Y type runner casings pass through bearing and pressurization sliding pipe interference fit；On drill bit, its inside of pressurization sliding pipe is slided up and down by pressurizing piston axis in it pressurizing piston axis connection there are one keyway；There is a layer partition board in centre, there is four uniformly distributed circular holes on partition board.The present invention effectively slows down bit wear in drilling process by automatic Regulation, can keep drill bit bit pressure stabilization and effective auxiliary rock during deep drilling well and horizontal well drilling, reduce bit freezing, backing pressure phenomenon, improve drill bit utilization rate, reduce cost.

Description

A kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool

Technical field

The present invention relates to one kind to bore for oil-gas drilling engineering, Tunnel Engineering, geological drilling, especially oil gas field Automatic adjustment bit pressure tool in well.

Background technology

In recent years, with the increase of oil exploitation difficulty, horizontal well, high angle hole, minor diameter well, deep-well, old street district Well ratio shared in drilling well is increasing, is difficult to realize efficient drilling well in this case.In drilling process, by The rock stratum for meeting different hardness is bored in the friction of drill string and the borehole wall, drill bit, causing the required real-time bit pressure of drill bit, there are a standing waves It is dynamic, but the drilling pressure that ground applies just is applied to drill bit after longer transmission, be easy to cause the pressure for being applied to drill bit Power is excessive or too small.Bit pressure is too low, and drilling speed is very slow；Bit pressure is excessive, and the abrasion of drill bit can aggravate, and drilling speed improvement effect is also unknown It is aobvious, or even drilling effect is made to be deteriorated.Various forms because being generated when the characteristic of drill bit itself and drill string are rotated in pit shaft again Vibration, Bottom Hole Bit Weight In A is not a steady state value.Suitable Fluctuation of weight on bit is conducive to drill bit fractured rock, if Fluctuation of weight on bit It is excessive, not only bad for catalase, or even the impact failure of drill teeth and bit bearing can be caused.Selection is suitable to bore Pressure is extremely important to drilling process.In order to during deep drilling well and horizontal well drilling, keep drill bit bit pressure stabilization that can have Auxiliary rock is imitated, bit freezing, backing pressure phenomenon are reduced, invents and automatically adjusts bit pressure tool inside a drilling well.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool is invented, is reached Autobalance drilling pressure, the purpose realized the high efficiency of transmission of bit pressure energy and utilized.

To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool, by coupling part (being made of top connection, lower contact, connection socket), energy storage section (being made of stranded wire helical spring, spring inner sleeve), Turbo Flora Key section (being made of outer spiral spline axis, internal thread spline cylinder), pressurized part (by Y type runners casing, combination sealing pipe, add Press sliding pipe, pressurizing piston axis, stranded wire helical spring composition), other parts parts (seal member, pipe screw thread component) five it is big Part forms.Its structure feature is：1) the connection lower contact part of coupling part is to be threadedly coupled, and upper and lower junction portion above connects Head connection drill collar, lower contact connect drill bit, and interface uses NC50；Connecting sleeve above be threadedly coupled outer spiral spline axis, Pressurization sliding pipe is connected below by pipe screw thread.2) the energy storage tools selection non-stop layer multi-wire helical compression spring of energy storage section, Preserving and discharge for realizing bit pressure energy；Spring inner sleeve act as fixed stranded wire helical spring and moves in the axial direction, Offset is not generated.3) the internal and external screw spline flank profil of helical spline part is rectangle, and connection type is to be threadedly coupled.Internal thread is spent Key and external screw thread spline fitted, rotation direction are left-handed.4) the pressure piston shaft of pressurized part is connected to above drill bit, and drilling fluid is from top connection It flows into, is flowed out from Y type runner casings through centre bore, due to the throttling action of Y type runner casings, form high pressure in lower tool Area, and pressurizing piston axis cavity of resorption is communicated since damping is empty with annular space, is low-pressure area.Pressurizing piston axis generates under the action of pressure difference Axial thrust pushes pressurizing piston axis to move down.Combination sealing pipe plays sealing pressing, is formed in the areas pressurizing piston Zhou Xia Low-pressure area is to generate pressure difference；Its inside of pressurization sliding pipe is slided up and down by pressurizing piston axis in it there are one keyway, is not produced Raw radial rotating.There is a layer partition board in centre, there is four uniformly distributed circular holes on partition board, is used for the flowing of pressure difference drilling fluid.5) other zero Seal member in component is mainly used for contacting with connecting sleeve, using Double seal ring；Pipe screw thread component is mainly used for connecting Top connection, screw thread use petroleum industry profession pipe screw thread.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：(1) this automatic adjustment bit pressure tool can effectively reduce bit wear, reduce cost： When drill bit bit freezing, drill bit is promoted by outer spiral spline axis and again drill bit is discharged by stored energy mechanism, so changes bit location, Restore normal drilling well；(2) this automatic adjustment bit pressure tool can speed up the work, and reduce the probability that drill bit crumbles, and avoid serious Economic loss：When drill bit backing pressure, bit contact shaft bottom is pushed by pressurizing piston axis, avoids generating differential sticking, release is bored Head pressure, restores normal drilling well.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool of the present invention.

In figure：1. top connection, 2. connection sockets, 3. spring inner sleeves, 4.Y type runner casings, 5. pressurization sliding pipes, 6. is close Seal, 7. stranded wire helical springs, 8. washers, 9. pressurizing piston axis, 10. combination sealing pipes, 11. stranded wire helical springs, spiral shell in 12. Revolve spline tube, 13. sealing rings, 14. lower contacts, 15. outer spiral spline axis, 16. sealing rings.

Specific implementation mode

Shown in reference to the accompanying drawings, this tool is by coupling part (top connection 1, connection socket 2, lower contact 14), energy storage section (spring inner sleeve 3, stranded wire helical spring 7), helical spline part (internal thread spline cylinder 12, outer spiral spline axis 15), pressurization Partly (Y type runners casing 4, pressurization sliding pipe 5, pressurizing piston axis 9, combination sealing pipe 10, stranded wire helical spring 11), other zero Five most of composition of component part (sealing ring 6, washer 8, sealing ring 16 and pipe screw thread everywhere).Tool passes through under mandrel lower end The external screw thread of connector 14 and the internal thread of top connection 1 realize the connection with other drilling tools.Due to Y type runners thimble tube 4 Throttling action forms higher-pressure region in tool lower portion cylinder sleeve, and 9 cavity of resorption of pressurizing piston axis is low due to having annular space and damping hole to be formed Pressure area, under the axial thrust effect that pressure difference generates, pressurizing piston axial movement realizes that drill bit moves down.In normal drilling process, Stratum can generate a reaction torque to drill bit, under difference in torque effect, the helical spline switching mechanism internal thread spline cylinder of tool 12, outer spiral spline axis 15 rotates and spring energy storage mechanism stranded wire helical spring 7 is made to generate compression；When tool lower portion drilling tool Or at drill bit because viscous or stratum alternately due to there is stall when, torque increases suddenly, drill bit can stop operating or rotating speed drastically under Drop, the drilling tool of upper tool part and the drilling tool of lower part will appear speed difference, and switching mechanism at this time can be acted in large torque and speed difference Under rotate and make spring energy-storage mechanism stranded wire helical spring 11 generate compression, lower part drill bit obtain it is certain above carry, realize Drill bit moves up.Drill bit under the action of spring force and upward inertia force of pressurizing piston axis 9 is further promoted.Work as tool When lower drilling tool or drill bit synchronous with top torque, the drill bit that releases energy of spring energy-storage mechanism 11 moves down, and pressurized part continues again Pressurization, drill bit drilling.

Finally illustrate, embodiment of above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, this field It is to be appreciated by one skilled in the art that can be modified or replaced equivalently to technical scheme of the present invention, without departing from this hair The objective and range of bright technical solution, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool, which is characterized in that including coupling part, energy storage section, helical spline part, pressurization Part and remaining parts part five are most of：

The coupling part is made of top connection, lower contact, connection socket three parts；The energy storage section is by multiply spiral Spring, spring inner sleeve two parts composition；The helical spline part is by outer spiral spline axis, internal thread spline cylinder two parts group At；The pressurized part is by Y type runners casing, combination sealing pipe, pressurization sliding pipe, pressurizing piston axis, stranded wire helical spring five Part forms；Remaining described parts part is made of seal member, pipe screw thread component two parts.

2. according to a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool shown in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Energy storage used in the energy storage section Energy storage part used in part and pressurized part is stranded wire helical spring.

3. according to a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool shown in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the helical spline part, To ensure that drilling tool uniform force and does not have large impact in forward-reverse, internal and external screw spline profile geometry is rectangle.

4. according to a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool shown in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pressurized part throttling used Pressurized part is Y type runner casings, and drilling fluid flows into Y type runner casings through upper interface, since the throttling of Y type runner casings is made With forming higher-pressure region in tool lower portion cylinder sleeve.

5. according to a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool shown in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the pressurized part, pressurization It is slided up and down in it by pressurizing piston axis there are one keyway inside sliding pipe, does not generate radial rotating；The pressurization sliding pipe There is a layer partition board in inside, there is four uniformly distributed circular holes on partition board, is used for the flowing of pressure difference drilling fluid.

6. according to a kind of automatic adjustment bit pressure tool shown in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the pressurized part, pressurization The cavity of resorption of piston shaft has annular space mutually to pass to form low-pressure area with damping hole.