CN106759228A - A kind of comprehensive fix the sand system and its method of construction - Google Patents
A kind of comprehensive fix the sand system and its method of construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN106759228A CN106759228A CN201611227695.2A CN201611227695A CN106759228A CN 106759228 A CN106759228 A CN 106759228A CN 201611227695 A CN201611227695 A CN 201611227695A CN 106759228 A CN106759228 A CN 106759228A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
A kind of comprehensive fix the sand system and its method of construction, are related to hazards of sand storms to administer field, and the synthesis is fixed the sand 35 buffer zones of the system including laid out in parallel, and blank tape is left between two adjacent buffer zones, and buffer zone is 75 ° 90 ° with the angle of prevailing wind direction；Desilting ditch is located at the side of the leeward slope of corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier, and leeward slope bottom of slope extends to the edge of corresponding desilting ditch, and drift sand is filled up in desilting ditch, and plantation has sand-fixation plant on drift sand.Under the non-irrigated condition of Gobi desert, the characteristics of for Gobi windy sand flow encroachment, construct integrate that resistance is husky, fix the sand, moisturizing, the comprehensive protection system of water storage, realize it is permanently effective defend and control sand, alleviate the hazards of sand storms problem that extreme drought Gobi Region means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage etc. face.The synthesis fix the sand system method of construction follow suit measures to local conditions, because of the evil principle setting up defences and gather materials on the spot, realize the permanently effective dust storm comprehensive regulation.
Description
Technical field
Field, and more particularly to a kind of comprehensive fix the sand system and its construction side are administered the present invention relates to a kind of hazards of sand storms
Method.
Background technology
, in the arid climate area of ecology fragility, Gobi desert is widely distributed, and Gobi Region is distributed with much for NORTHWEST CHINA subordinate
The critical facilitys such as means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage, for example, Lanzhou-Xinjiang high ferro, Jiuquan Satellite Launch base, Mogao Grottoes
Deng.Due to Gobi Region drought, wind-sand activity frequently, and the unique transmission characteristic of Gobi windy sand flow, these are important to set
Apply receive different degrees of sand bury, husky erosion harm, thus, preventing and treating Gobi desert hazards of sand storms turns into NORTHWEST CHINA ecological environment with warp
A key subjects in Ji construction.
Modern biotechnology protection works are one and set up the bioengineering on reliable soil engineering foundation, and it is to utilize to have
The plant roots of vitality, stem (branch) or plant integrally construct protection body as main structure body element, and group and life are built in phytobiocoenose
In process long, reinforcing, stabilization earth's surface are realized, control dust storm, improved Migration environment and realize the functions such as restoration of the ecosystem
Integration engineering technology.It is relatively early to the research of plant sand- prevention system and application both at home and abroad, it is theoretical ripe, achieve it is many it is advanced,
Rich experiences, but plant sand- prevention system is only limitted to desert area, it is difficult in extreme drought (average annual below rainfall 39mm), grit
Directly apply the Gobi Region of matter.
In Engineering of sand control technology, people mainly by improving underlay surface properties, weaken near surface wind speed, suppress wind
The generation of sand drift and development, so as to realize increasing the purpose of earth's surface resistance to corrosion.Due to lack to Gobi desert dust storm cause evil mechanism and
Its further investigation for preventing and treating key technology, especially the Gobi desert bed surface to Gobi desert strong wind area supply bar in complicated wind regime and Sha Yuan differences
The research of dust storm/gravel physical process and bed surface the erosion product process under part more lacks, and causes also no one kind to be suitable for extremely
The vegetative sand control technology of arid Gobi Region.
Compared with general drift sand earth's surface, Gobi Region dust storm, gravel particle spring are higher, and wind-force is powerful, Structure of wind-Sand Flow
In unique " trunk " effect, Gobi windy sand flow has the characteristic of encroachment, and this causes the preventing and treating sand control engineering body of Gobi Region
System is subject to sand and buries, and effective resistance is husky and the time limit that fixes the sand is shorter.Gobi Region windblown sand movement method conventional at present has high vertical husky
Hinder, the method such as the grid that fixes the sand, sand preventing dyke combination sediment trapping ditch, trench planting Cakcayr Forest, but high vertical sand barrier and the grid that fixes the sand be subject to
Sand is buried and failed；After sediment trapping ditch is filled, stream can cross sand preventing dyke makes engineering fail；And under no irrigation conditions, it is single
The Cakcayr Forest survival rate and growing way of pure trench planting are all very poor, it is impossible to reach suitable height and leak tightness, it is impossible to play and block
With the effect of fixed Gobi windy sand flow.In addition, Gobi Region drought and water shortage, forbids well-digging to irrigate, guard plot utilizes drip irrigation equipment
Carry out plant planting and infeasible.
Only utilizing works system creates the basic condition of suitable for plant growth, plays the collaboration of biological and Engineering System and makees
With harm of the permanently effective suppression Gobi windy sand flow of ability to means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage.But exist at present
In Gobi desert grit matter underlying surface and extreme drought stressful environmental, it is difficult to the basic condition of suitable for plant growth is created, therefore, go back nothing
Method is created that permanently effective Engineering of sand control system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of comprehensive system of fixing the sand, integrate that resistance is husky, fix the sand, moisturizing, water storage, realization
Permanently effective defends and controls sand, and alleviates extreme drought Gobi Region (average annual below rainfall 39mm) means of transportation, national defense facility
The hazards of sand storms problem faced with cultural heritage etc..
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for construction that a kind of synthesis fixes the sand system, the method is followed because of ground system
Preferably, because of the principle that evil is set up defences and gathered materials on the spot, the permanently effective dust storm comprehensive regulation is realized, to suppressing extreme drought Gobi Region
The hazards of sand storms that means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage etc. are faced is significant.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and is realized using following technical scheme.
The present invention proposes a kind of comprehensive system of fixing the sand, and it is arranged at by around protection facility, and system of comprehensively fixing the sand is included simultaneously
The 3-5 bar buffer zones of arrangement are arranged, every width of buffer zone is 5-10m, width is left between two adjacent buffer zones for 50-
The blank tape of 100m, every buffer zone is 75 ° -90 ° with the angle of prevailing wind direction；Every buffer zone includes the desilting ditch being arranged side by side
With collection rain resistance sand barrier, desilting ditch is located at the side of the leeward slope of corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier, and leeward slope bottom of slope extends to correspondence
Desilting ditch edge, drift sand is filled up in desilting ditch, on drift sand plantation have sand-fixation plant.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, set by protection closest to being arranged on by the buffer zone of protection facility
At the upwind 150-200m for applying；The width of desilting ditch is 2-3.5m, and depth is 1.5-2m；The length of grade for integrating rain resistance sand barrier is 4-
5m, slope 1-2m high, the leeward slope gradient are 25 ° -35 °, and the windward slope gradient is 40 ° -50 °；Sand-fixation plant includes sacsaoul, husky honey raisin tree kind
In at least one.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the inner surface of desilting ditch is provided with impervious barrier；Drift sand in desilting ditch
Surface is coated with canopy film, and sand-fixation plant is planted on drift sand through canopy film；The leeward slope of collection rain resistance sand barrier is domatic to be provided with magnesium cement
Concrete layer.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, sky shade is provided with above sand-fixation plant, sky shade includes bundle
Bind together, in three bamboo sticks of triangular pyramidal, the top of three bamboo sticks is enclosed and is covered with sunshade net, and the bottoms insertion of three bamboo sticks is husky
In ground, buried depth is 20-25cm, and proud exposure is 30-40cm.
A kind of synthesis is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, and it includes：
Around by protection facility, the desilting ditch of 3-5 bar laid out in parallel is excavated, every desilting ditch is with the angle of prevailing wind direction
75°-90°；
The collection rain being arranged side by side with it being set up in the upwind of every desilting ditch and hindering sand barrier, collection rain hinders the leeward of sand barrier
Slope bottom of slope extends to the edge of corresponding desilting ditch, and every desilting ditch constitutes a buffer zone with corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier, often
The width of bar buffer zone is 5-10m, and the blank tape that width is 50-100m is left between two adjacent buffer zones；
By natural sand or husky mode is filled out, make to fill up drift sand in desilting ditch, sand-fixation plant is planted on drift sand.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, before desilting ditch inner product fills out drift sand, using antiseepage sand to desilting
Ditch carry out it is rebasing, then with waterglass dilution spray it is rebasing after desilting ditch inner surface, formed impervious barrier, wherein, rebasing thickness
It is 2-4cm to spend, and using waterglass 1-2kg, plus the dilution of 2-3kg warm water, the waterglass dilution formed after being sufficiently stirred for is to often putting down
The desilting ditch inner surface of square rice is sprayed, and sprinkling thickness is 1.5-2mm.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, after collection rain resistance sand barrier is set up, the back of the body of rain resistance sand barrier will be collected first
The domatic leveling in wind slope, then in the domatic smearing magnesium cement concrete of leeward slope, smearing thickness is 3-4cm, forms magnesium coagulating cement
Soil layer.
Further, it is first right before carrying kind of sand-fixation plant after desilting ditch fills up drift sand in present pre-ferred embodiments
Drift sand in desilting ditch carries out flood irrigation, then covers canopy film on drift sand surface, then takes grit soil on the spot and be covered in canopy film, covers
Thickness is 3-5cm.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, planting the method for sand-fixation plant is：In 25 days to May annual April
During 5 days, punched on the drift sand of desilting ditch through canopy film, hole depth 25-35cm, aperture 4-6cm；Total 40- high is planted in hole
The annual Sand-binder seedling of 55cm, the rhizome junction of Sand-binder seedling flushes or buried 2-4cm with sand ground, plant of fixing the sand
The line space of thing nursery stock is 70-90m, and strain spacing is 45-50cm.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, after plantation Sand-binder seedling, in the top of Sand-binder seedling
Sky shade is set, and Second Year removes sky shade.
The fix the sand beneficial effect of system and its method of construction of the synthesis of the embodiment of the present invention is：The synthesis of the embodiment of the present invention
The synthesis system of fixing the sand of system of fixing the sand is arranged at by around protection facility, including laid out in parallel 3-5 bar buffer zones, every protection
The width of band is 5-10m, and the blank tape that width is 50-100m, every buffer zone and master are left between two adjacent buffer zones
The angle of wind direction is 75 ° -90 °；Every buffer zone includes the desilting ditch being arranged side by side and collection rain resistance sand barrier, and desilting ditch is located at correspondence
Collection rain resistance sand barrier leeward slope side, and leeward slope bottom of slope extends to the edge of corresponding desilting ditch, is filled up in desilting ditch
Drift sand, plantation has sand-fixation plant on drift sand.Under the non-irrigated condition of Gobi desert, the characteristics of for Gobi windy sand flow encroachment, structure
Built integrate that resistance is husky, fix the sand, moisturizing, the comprehensive protection system of water storage, realize it is permanently effective defend and control sand, alleviate extreme
The hazards of sand storms problem that arid Gobi Region means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage etc. face.The synthesis is fixed the sand system
Method of construction follow suit measures to local conditions, because of the evil principle setting up defences and gather materials on the spot, realize the permanently effective dust storm comprehensive regulation.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be attached to what is used needed for embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, thus be not construed as it is right
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 fixes the sand the structural representation of system for a kind of synthesis that first embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 2 is that synthesis provided in an embodiment of the present invention is fixed the sand the generalized section of buffer zone in system；
Fig. 3 is that synthesis provided in an embodiment of the present invention is fixed the sand the structural representation of sky shade in system；
Fig. 4 fixes the sand the structural representation of system for a kind of synthesis that second embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 5 fixes the sand the structural representation of system for a kind of synthesis that third embodiment of the invention is provided.
Icon：100- comprehensively fixes the sand system；001- is by protection facility；110- buffer zones；111- desilting ditches；112- collection rain hinders
Sand barrier；120- blank tapes；130- drift sands；140- sand-fixation plants；150- sky shades；151- bamboo sticks；152- sunshade nets；200- synthesis
Fix the sand system；002- is by protection facility；300- comprehensively fixes the sand system；003- is by protection facility.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Present invention implementation generally described and illustrated in accompanying drawing herein
The component of example can be arranged and designed with a variety of configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of embodiments of the invention below to providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in individual accompanying drawing, then it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent accompanying drawing.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " on ", D score, " interior ", the orientation or position of the instruction such as " outward "
The relation of putting is or the orientation or position that the invention product is usually put when using based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship
Relation is put, the description present invention is for only for ease of and is simplified description, it is necessary rather than the device or element for indicating or imply meaning
With specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.
First embodiment
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of comprehensive system 100 of fixing the sand, and it is arranged at and is set by protection
Apply around 001, the synthesis is fixed the sand the 3-5 bars buffer zone 110 of system 100 including laid out in parallel, every buffer zone 110 and prevailing wind direction
The angle of (in figure shown in arrow) is 75 ° -90 °, perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to prevailing wind direction.The synthesis is fixed the sand and prevent in system 100
The number of protecting band 110, trend, length and width are determined by by protective equipment and Sha Yuan situations, general closest to by protection facility
001 buffer zone 110 is arranged at the upwind 150-200m by protection facility 001；Every width of buffer zone 110 is 5-
10m, leaves the blank tape 120 that width is 50-100m between two adjacent buffer zones 110.Every buffer zone 110 is included side by side
The desilting ditch 111 and collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 of setting, desilting ditch 111 are located at the one of the leeward slope of corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier 112
Side, and leeward slope bottom of slope extends to the edge of corresponding desilting ditch 111, desilting ditch 111 is interior to fill up drift sand 130, in desilting ditch 111
Drift sand 130 on plantation have sand-fixation plant 140.
Wherein, desilting ditch 111 is arranged on Gobi desert face perpendicular to the position of prevailing wind direction, by natural sand or the artificial sand filled out
Mode, makes the gravel matter underlying surface in desilting ditch 111 locally be changed into drift sand matter (changing gravel with sand), creates sand-fixation plant 140 and gives birth to
Basic condition long, then after planting sand-fixation plant 140, just can reach the husky effect of resistance of fixing the sand.The width of desilting ditch 111 is generally
2-3.5m, depth is generally 1.5-2m, and length is according to by depending on the yardstick and characteristic of protection facility 001.For example, to Gobi desert railway
It is railway by protection facility 001 in hazards of sand storms protection, desilting ditch 111 need to be basically identical with oriented railway, and as vertical as possible
In prevailing wind direction, the length of desilting ditch 111 is determined by the path width that dust storm is transmitted.
Collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 using its it is domatic Gobi desert short-time storm and season rainfall runoff is entered in desilting ditch 111, feed
Moisture content in desilting ditch 111, to maintain the normal growth of sand-fixation plant 140, and has the husky function of resistance concurrently.Due to Gobi desert aeolian sediments master
There is the lower wind direction in barrier, therefore, it is arranged at together for the collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 for the catch blowing sand of sand-fixation plant 140
The upwind of the desilting ditch 111 of one buffer zone 110, is that the husky gravel buildup dug out by desilting ditch 111 is formed mostly.Referring to Fig. 2 institutes
Show, collection rain hinders the length of grade 4-5m of sand barrier 112, and slope 1-2m high, the leeward slope gradient is 25 ° -35 °, and the windward slope gradient is 40 ° -50 °,
The windward slope gradient of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is to simulate finally to define by the resistance sand barrier wind tunnel experiment of system, can take into account most long
Protection distance and maximum efficiency of sand resistance.
Sand-fixation plant 140 includes at least one in sacsaoul, husky honey raisin tree kind.Sacsaoul is a kind of drought-enduring, high temperature resistant, salt tolerant
Alkali, weatherproof, resistance to husky implant, be China Desert Regions dune-fixating forestation area it is maximum build group seeds, have " desert bodyguard " it
Claim, many natural distributeds are in arid biogeographic zone and the moving dunes of Extremely arid area, but Gobi desert is rich in gravel and chuco, and sacsaoul cannot
Field planting growth, therefore the primary measure of Gobi Region plantation sacsaoul is to change the local underlying surface material composition in Gobi desert, makes it
It is made up of for sandy grit qualitative change, is that precondition is created in the field planting and growth of sacsaoul.
In addition, in order to prevent the moisture content in desilting ditch 111 from penetrating into the grit outside desilting ditch 111, desilting ditch 111 it is interior
Surface is provided with impervious barrier；In order to prevent being oozed under the drift sand moisture content 130 in desilting ditch 111, the bottom of desilting ditch 111 is equipped with antiseepage
It is husky；In order to suppress the moisture evaporation in desilting ditch 111, the surface of drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111 is coated with canopy film, sand-fixation plant
140 plant on drift sand 130 through canopy film；In order to realize collecting collection rain and the husky effect of resistance of rain resistance sand barrier 112, it is to avoid it is by dust storm
Destruction, it is ensured that it effectively protects duration, the leeward slope of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is domatic to be provided with magnesium cement concrete layer.
It is shown in Figure 3, in order to weaken it is husky bury and earth's surface high temperature and cattle grazing harm, sand-fixation plant 140 it is upper
Side is provided with sky shade 150.In the present embodiment, sky shade 150 include band together, in three bamboo sticks 151 of triangular pyramidal,
Enclose and be covered with sunshade net 152 in the top of three bamboo sticks 151.The length of bamboo stick 151 is 50-70cm, and sunshade net 152 is HDPE material
Net, porosity is 50%-60%, and aperture is 1-2mm.In three bottom insertion sand grounds of bamboo stick 151, buried depth is 20-25cm, is gone out
Dew bullet is highly 30-40cm.The Second Year of sand-fixation plant to be planted 140, nursery stock grow up it is vigorous after, sand is buried, earth's surface high temperature and
Harm of the cattle grazing to nursery stock has weakened, and sky shade 150 is i.e. dismountable.
The embodiment of the present invention the characteristics of for Gobi windy sand flow encroachment, constructs collection under the non-irrigated condition of Gobi desert
Desilting ditch 111, collection rain resistance sand barrier 112, sand-fixation plant 140, impervious barrier, canopy film, the synthesis of sky shade 150 is closed to fix the sand system 100,
It is integrate that resistance is husky, fix the sand, moisturizing, the comprehensive protection system of water storage.Synthesis system 100 of fixing the sand is formed by sand-fixation plant
The a plurality of banding zone of protection of the blank tape wide 120 between 140 narrow forest belt, adjacent two buffer zones 110 for being formed, has filled up dagger-axe
The blind area of hazards of sand storms biological control research under wall non-irrigated condition, has widened dust storm prevention and control research field, is Gobi desert dust storm danger
Harmful integrated control provides theoretical foundation and technological reserve.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides the method for construction that a kind of synthesis fixes the sand system 100, and it includes
Following steps：
(1) desilting ditch 111 is excavated：Around by protection facility 001, usage mining machine excavates the heavy of 3-5 bar laid out in parallel
Sand furrow 111, every desilting ditch 111 is 75 ° -90 ° with the angle of prevailing wind direction, and desilting ditch 111 is width 2-3.5m, depth 1.5-2m
Ditch long, length is according to by depending on the yardstick and characteristic of protection facility 001.For example, in protecting Gobi desert railway hazards of sand storms, quilt
Protection facility 001 is railway, and desilting ditch 111 need to be basically identical with oriented railway, and as far as possible perpendicular to prevailing wind direction, desilting ditch
111 length is determined by the path width that dust storm is transmitted.
Anti-seeping technology in ditch：Before the inner product of desilting ditch 111 fills out drift sand 130, desilting ditch 111 is padded using antiseepage sand
Bottom, then with waterglass dilution spray it is rebasing after desilting ditch 111 inner surface, formed impervious barrier, desilting ditch 111 is prevented
Treatment is oozed, in can preventing the moisture content in desilting ditch 111 from penetrating into the grit outside desilting ditch 111.In the present embodiment, antiseepage sand
Rebasing thickness is 2-4cm, is diluted using waterglass 1-2kg, plus 2-3kg warm water, the waterglass dilution formed after being sufficiently stirred for,
The inner surface of desilting ditch 111 using jetting machine to every square metre uniformly sprays, and sprinkling thickness is 1.5-2mm.
(2) collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is set up：A collection being arranged side by side with it is set up in the upwind of every desilting ditch 111
Rain hinders sand barrier 112, the leeward slope bottom of slope (collecting the bottom of slope that rain resistance sand barrier 112 closes on correspondence desilting ditch 111) of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112
The edge of the desilting ditch 111 is extended to, the husky gravel buildup that desilting ditch 111 digs out is formed collection rain resistance by specifically usage mining machine
Sand barrier 112, it is 4-5m to integrate the rain resistance length of grade of sand barrier 112, and a height of 1-2m in slope, the leeward slope gradient is 25 ° -35 °, and the windward slope gradient is
40°-50°.Every desilting ditch 111 constitutes a buffer zone 110 with corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier 112, closest to by protection facility
001 buffer zone 110 is arranged at the upwind 150-200m by protection facility 001；Every width of buffer zone 110 is 5-
10m, leaves the blank tape 120 that width is 50-100m between two adjacent buffer zones 110.
Consolidation is domatic：After collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is tentatively set up, collection rain is at least hindered the leeward slope slope of sand barrier 112 first
Face flattens, and then smears magnesium cement concrete, consolidates domatic.Count by weight, the proportioning of magnesium cement concrete includes 45-55
Part magnesium cement, 70-90 parts of grains of sand, 150-170 parts of rubble and 23-35 parts of water after being sufficiently mixed, are at least applied to collection rain resistance sand barrier
112 leeward slope is domatic, and smearing thickness is 3-4cm, forms magnesium cement concrete layer.
The leeward slope bottom of slope of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 extends to the edge of desilting ditch 111, realizes that rainfall runoff converges naturally
Combine in desilting ditch 111, using moisture content in Gobi desert short-time storm and season rainfall recharge desilting ditch 111, to maintain sand-fixation plant
140 normal growth, and have the husky function of resistance concurrently.Magnesium cement concrete has that intensity is high, gelling property is strong, durability is strong and easy
Property it is good, saline-alkali tolerance can good, rapid curing, environmental protection and conserve it is easy the advantages of, field protection the life-span up to 5-10 a left side
It is right.The application extension of magnesium cement to Gobi desert sandstorm is administered into field, makes full use of salt lake chlorination magnesium resource and dolomite to provide
Source, realizes comprehensive utilization of resources, while for China's sand storm protection construction industry provides a kind of new material, especially in China west
Northern Gobi Region provides a kind of Novel slope protection material.
(3) sand is filled out：Husky mode is filled out by natural sand or loading machine, makes to fill up drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111, changed with sand
Gravel, is that basic condition is created in the planting of follow-up sand-fixation plant 140.
(4) groove face is covered：Forefathers' many studies have shown that, soil drought restriction the live seedling of sacsaoul and transplanted seedling survive
Most directly, the ecological factor of most critical, therefore after desilting ditch 111 fills up drift sand 130, before planting, first with water-tank lorry to filling out sand
Desilting ditch 111 afterwards carries out a flood irrigation, and each meter of ditch at least 1 cube water of irrigation long makes the sand bed in desilting ditch 111 fully wet
Thoroughly, the surface of drift sand 130 covering canopy film then in desilting ditch 111, common agricultural canopy film takes the sand of Gobi desert on the spot
Gravel soil is covered in canopy film, and cladding thickness is 3-5cm, to prevent canopy film damage by dragging.Canopy film is covered by groove face, can be suppressed
Moisture evaporation in desilting ditch 111.
(5) planting sand-fixation plant 140：During annual April 25 to May 5, using earth boring auger through canopy film in desilting ditch
Punched on drift sand 130 in 111, hole depth 25-35cm, aperture 4-6cm, the total about 40-55cm's high of dibbling is annual solid in hole
The nursery stock of husky plant 140, makes the rhizome junction of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140 be flushed with earth's surface or buried 2-4cm.Sand-fixation plant 140
Including at least one in sacsaoul, husky honey raisin tree kind, the line space of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140 is 70-90m, and strain spacing is 45-
50cm, in the present embodiment, sets 3 rows altogether, and middle row is husky honey raisin tree seedling, and both sides are sacsaoul seedling.
(6) sky shade 150 is set：Research shows that the factor such as strong wind burial, earth's surface high temperature and animal bites food also influences strongly
The survival rate of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140, it is therefore desirable to which sky shade 150 is set in the top of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140 of planting,
Protection nursery stock exempt from it is husky bury, the harm of earth's surface high temperature and cattle grazing.In the present embodiment, sky shade 150 is in pyrometric cone by three
The sunshade net 152 that the bamboo stick 151 and HDPE material of shape make is tied up and formed, and the length of bamboo stick 151 is 50-70cm, sunshade net 152
It is HDPE material net, porosity is 50%-60%, and aperture is 1-2mm.The sky shade 150 is limited through netting industry by Zhejiang moral profit
Company provides, and with stronger pull resistance, corrosion resistance and ultraviolet radiation resisting performance, adapts to Gobi desert area high temperature and strong wind
Etc. severe environmental conditions, the protection life-span reaches 5-10 or so.The preparation method of the sky shade 150 is：First three bamboo sticks 151
One end bundle, the other end struts into triangular pyramidal, then by sunshade net 152 around being covered in three bamboo sticks 151
Top, sunshade net 152 is fixed together with the binding of bamboo stick 151, forms a sky shade for triangular pyramidal 150.By sky shade 150
The bottom of bamboo stick 151 insertion sand ground in, buried depth is 20-25cm, and exposure bullet highly is 30-40cm.Treat that Second Year fixes the sand plant
After the growth of the nursery stock of thing 140 is vigorous, sand is buried, the harm of earth's surface high temperature and cattle grazing to nursery stock has weakened, you can remove sky shade
150。
The embodiment of the present invention is mainly for NORTHWEST CHINA, and the grit matter or conglomerate re servoir that region is extensive, Sha Yuan is abundant are regional,
Suit measures to local conditions, set up defences because of evil carries out multiple tracks and block and fixation to Gobi windy sand flow.The anti-method of construction follow with line control face (i.e. put down
Sand is stood in line) theory, it is the linear protection of a plurality of buffer zone 110 plus blank tape 120 to change large-area planar protection.Gather materials on the spot,
The underlying surface of desilting ditch 111 is transformed, and sets up desilting ditch 111, collection rain resistance sand barrier 112, and it is anti-under ooze, a series of engineerings such as vaporization prevention
System, the planar sand source in distal end Gobi desert is deposited in the linear desilting ditch 111 of prevailing wind direction, then
Afforested in sand in desilting ditch 111, the normal life of plant under the conditions of the appurtenant work energy effective guarantee rain such as antiseepage, covering is foster
It is long, form the Concetrated control system of a plurality of banding of narrow forest belt and blank tape wide 120.And the sand-fixation plant such as sacsaoul and husky honey raisin tree
140 resistance to sand are buried, and bury more long and more long, and the growth of the encroachment characteristic of Gobi windy sand flow to sacsaoul, husky honey raisin tree woods is favourable on the contrary, it is to avoid
Simple Engineering System is subject to sand the drawbacks of bury and fail, by the zone of protection of protection facility 001 quickly forming protection system,
Gobi windy sand flow running way, stabilization, consolidation Shamian Island can be effectively prevented to reduce the harm of stream, improve region environment.
The method of construction of the embodiment of the present invention has filled up the blind of hazards of sand storms biological control research under the non-irrigated condition of Gobi desert
Area, has widened dust storm prevention and control research field, for the integrated control of Gobi desert hazards of sand storms provides theoretical foundation and technological reserve.Separately
Outward, the method takes the control method of " based on solid, solid resistance combination takes into account moisturizing and water storage function ", it then follows suit measures to local conditions, because
The evil principle setting up defences and gather materials on the spot, carries out the plant under the non-irrigated condition of extreme drought Gobi Region and engineering comprehensive fixes the sand body
It is 100, to suppressing hazards of sand storms and the ground that NORTHWEST CHINA Gobi Region means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage etc. are faced
Area's sustainable development is significant.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention is Mo kao grotto at Dunhuang by protection facility 001, and the synthesis is fixed the sand body
Be 200 specific method of construction it is as follows：
Around the top of Mo kao grotto at Dunhuang cave, usage mining machine excavates 5 desilting ditches 111 of laid out in parallel, every desilting ditch
111 is 90 ° with the angle of prevailing wind direction (in figure shown in arrow), the width 3m of desilting ditch 111, and depth 1.8m, length is that Dunhuang is not high
1.5 times of the vertical prevailing wind direction length in cave.Also, first using antiseepage sand to the rebasing 2-4cm of desilting ditch 111, then using high-pressure wash
With waterglass dilution, (every square metre of the inner surface of desilting ditch 111 uses 2kg waterglass, plus the dilution of 3kg warm water to machine, fully stirs
Mix and form) uniformly spray it is rebasing after the inner surface of desilting ditch 111, sprinkling thickness be 2mm.
The husky gravel buildup that usage mining machine digs out desilting ditch 111, one is set up in the upwind of every desilting ditch 111
The collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 being arranged side by side with it, the leeward slope bottom of slope of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 extends to the edge of the desilting ditch 111,
It is 4.5m to integrate the rain resistance length of grade of sand barrier 112, and a height of 1.5m in slope, the leeward slope gradient is 30 °, and the windward slope gradient is 45 °；Every desilting ditch
111 constitute a buffer zone 110 with corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier 112, and the buffer zone 110 closest to Mo kao grotto at Dunhuang is arranged on earnestly
At the upwind 200m on bright Mogao Grottoes top, every width of buffer zone 110 is 10m, is stayed between two adjacent buffer zones 110
There is the blank tape 120 that width is 200m.Also, after collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is set up, will at least collect rain resistance sand barrier 112 first
The domatic leveling of leeward slope, then smears magnesium cement concrete, and smearing thickness is 4cm, consolidates domatic.
Husky mode is filled out by natural sand or loading machine, makes to fill up drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111, gravel is changed with sand, first use water
Tank car carries out a flood irrigation, each meter of ditch at least 1 cube water of irrigation long, then in desilting ditch 111 to the desilting ditch 111 filled out after sand
The interior surface of drift sand 130 covering canopy film, the grit soil that Gobi desert is taken on the spot is covered in canopy film, and cladding thickness is 5cm.
During annual April 25 to May 5, beaten on the drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111 through canopy film using earth boring auger
Hole, hole depth 30cm, aperture 5-6cm, the nursery stock of annual sand-fixation plant 140 of the total about 40-55cm high of dibbling sets 3 rows, middle one altogether
Behavior sand honey raisin tree seedling, both sides are sacsaoul seedling, the buried 2-4cm in rhizome junction of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140, the seedling of sand-fixation plant 140
The line space of wood is 80m, and strain spacing is 50cm.The proud exposure of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140 is 20-30cm, in sand-fixation plant 140
The top of nursery stock sets sky shade 150, and in the bottom insertion sand ground of sky shade 150, buried depth is 25cm, and exposure bullet is highly
40cm, Second Year removes sky shade 150, obtains comprehensive system 200 of fixing the sand.
Second embodiment
Referring to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of comprehensive system 200 of fixing the sand, for protecting crescent moon
Spring, Crescent Spring is by protection facility 002, and its method of construction is as follows：
Around the estrade Gobi desert of Crescent Spring upwind two, usage mining machine excavates 3 desilting ditches 111 of laid out in parallel, often
The angle of bar desilting ditch 111 and prevailing wind direction (in figure shown in arrow) is 90 °, desilting ditch 111 width 2m, depth 1.5m, and length is
1.5 times of the vertical prevailing wind direction length of Crescent Spring.Also, it is first rebasing using the husky 2cm that carried out to desilting ditch 111 of antiseepage, then using height
Pressure cleaning machine with waterglass dilution (every square metre of the inner surface of desilting ditch 111 use 1kg waterglass, plus 2kg warm water dilution,
Be sufficiently stirred for forming) uniformly spray it is rebasing after desilting ditch 111 inner surface, sprinkling thickness be 1.5mm.
The husky gravel buildup that usage mining machine digs out desilting ditch 111, one is set up in the upwind of every desilting ditch 111
The collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 being arranged side by side with it, the leeward slope bottom of slope of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 extends to the edge of the desilting ditch 111,
It is 4m to integrate the rain resistance length of grade of sand barrier 112, and a height of 1m in slope, the leeward slope gradient is 25 °, and the windward slope gradient is 40 °；Every desilting ditch 111
A buffer zone 110 is constituted with corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier 112, the buffer zone 110 closest to Crescent Spring is arranged on Crescent Spring
At upwind 150m；Every the width of buffer zone 110 is 5m, and the sky that width is 50m is left between two adjacent buffer zones 110
Leukorrhea 120.Also, after collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is set up, the domatic leveling of leeward slope of rain resistance sand barrier 112 will be at least collected first, so
Magnesium cement concrete is smeared afterwards, smearing thickness is 3cm, consolidate domatic.
Husky mode is filled out by natural sand or loading machine, makes to fill up drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111, gravel is changed with sand, first use water
Tank car carries out a flood irrigation, each meter of ditch at least 1 cube water of irrigation long, then in desilting ditch 111 to the desilting ditch 111 filled out after sand
The interior surface of drift sand 130 covering canopy film, the grit soil that Gobi desert is taken on the spot is covered in canopy film, and cladding thickness is 3-5cm.
During annual April 25 to May 5, beaten on the drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111 through canopy film using earth boring auger
Hole, hole depth 25cm, aperture 4cm, the nursery stock of annual sand-fixation plant 140 of the total about 40cm high of dibbling sets 3 rows altogether, and middle row is
Husky honey raisin tree seedling, both sides are sacsaoul seedling, and the rhizome junction of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140 flushes or buried 2-4cm with earth's surface, plant of fixing the sand
The line space of the nursery stock of thing 140 is 70m, and strain spacing is 45cm.In the top of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140, sky shade 150, sunshade are set
In the bottom insertion sand ground of cover 150, buried depth is 20cm, and exposure bullet is highly 30cm, and Second Year is removed sky shade 150, obtained
To comprehensive system 200 of fixing the sand.
3rd embodiment
Referring to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of comprehensive system 300 of fixing the sand, for protecting Lanzhou and Xinjiang
High ferro, Lanzhou-Xinjiang high ferro is by protection facility 003, and its method of construction is as follows：
Around Lanzhou-Xinjiang high ferro, usage mining machine excavates 4 desilting ditches 111 of laid out in parallel, every desilting ditch 111 and master
The angle of wind direction (in figure shown in arrow) is 75 ° -90 °, desilting ditch 111 width 2m, depth 1.5m, length and Lanzhou-Xinjiang high ferro etc.
It is long.Also, it is rebasing then (every with waterglass dilution using jetting machine that 4cm is first carried out to desilting ditch 111 using antiseepage sand
Square metre the inner surface of desilting ditch 111 use 1kg waterglass, plus 2kg warm water dilution, be sufficiently stirred for forming) uniformly spray rebasing
The inner surface of desilting ditch 111 afterwards, sprinkling thickness is 2mm.
The husky gravel buildup that usage mining machine digs out desilting ditch 111, one is set up in the upwind of every desilting ditch 111
The collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 being arranged side by side with it, the leeward slope bottom of slope of collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 extends to the edge of the desilting ditch 111,
It is 5m to integrate the rain resistance length of grade of sand barrier 112, and a height of 1m in slope, the leeward slope gradient is 25 °, and the windward slope gradient is 40 °；Every desilting ditch 111
A buffer zone 110 is constituted with corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier 112, the buffer zone 110 closest to Lanzhou and Xinjiang high ferro is arranged on Lanzhou-Xinjiang height
At the upwind 150m of iron；Every the width of buffer zone 110 is 5m, and width is left between two adjacent buffer zones 110 for 80m
Blank tape 120.Also, after collection rain resistance sand barrier 112 is set up, the leeward slope that rain resistance sand barrier 112 will be at least collected first is domatic whole
It is flat, magnesium cement concrete is then smeared, smearing thickness is 3cm, is consolidated domatic.
Husky mode is filled out by loading machine, makes to fill up drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111, gravel is changed with sand, first with water-tank lorry to filling out sand
Desilting ditch 111 afterwards carries out a flood irrigation, and each meter of ditch is long to irrigate at least 1 cube water, then the drift sand in desilting ditch 111
130 surfaces cover canopy film, and the grit soil that Gobi desert is taken on the spot is covered in canopy film, and cladding thickness is 4cm.
During April 25 to May 5 then, beaten on the drift sand 130 in desilting ditch 111 through canopy film using earth boring auger
Hole, hole depth 30cm, aperture 5cm, the nursery stock of annual sand-fixation plant 140 of the total about 40-55cm high of dibbling sets 3 rows, middle row altogether
It is husky honey raisin tree seedling, both sides are sacsaoul seedling, the buried 2cm in rhizome junction of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140, the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140
Line space is 90m, and strain spacing is 50cm.In the top of the nursery stock of sand-fixation plant 140, sky shade 150, the bottom of sky shade 150 are set
In insertion sand ground, buried depth is 25cm, and exposure bullet is highly 40cm, and Second Year removes sky shade 150, obtains the comprehensive body that fixes the sand
System.
By after 5 years, the synthesis in first embodiment to 3rd embodiment fixes the sand system in reduction hazards of sand storms and improvement
Environment aspect in Gobi desert has been won initial success, and above-mentioned synthesis is fixed the sand protection effect of the system to Mo kao grotto at Dunhuang, Crescent Spring and Lanzhou-Xinjiang high ferro
Fruit is very good, and situation is attacked compared to the dust storm for not building comprehensive system of fixing the sand, and the dust storm invasion and attack that above-mentioned facility is subject to substantially subtract
It is weak, and above-mentioned synthesis system of fixing the sand do not bury by sand, can still play that effective resistance is husky and sand fixation.Practice have shown that：This is comprehensive
Close the system of fixing the sand and not only create economic worth higher, and rush is played to improving local environment and socioeconomic status
Enter effect.Means of transportation (railway, highway), transmission line of electricity, petroleum pipeline of the system to other Gobi Regions in addition, the synthesis is fixed the sand
The hazards of sand storms that road, production and living facility (farmland, residence, factory), national defense facility and cultural heritage are faced has certain
Reference and application value.
In sum, the synthesis system of fixing the sand of the embodiment of the present invention integrate that resistance is husky, fix the sand, moisturizing, water storage, realize length
Phase effectively defends and controls sand, and alleviates the dust storm that extreme drought Gobi Region means of transportation, national defense facility and cultural heritage etc. face
Harm problem.The method of construction of system of comprehensively fixing the sand follow suit measures to local conditions, because of the evil principle setting up defences and gather materials on the spot, realize long-term
The effective dust storm comprehensive regulation.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of comprehensive system of fixing the sand, it is arranged at by around protection facility, it is characterised in that the synthesis system of fixing the sand includes
The 3-5 bar buffer zones of laid out in parallel, every width of the buffer zone is 5-10m, is stayed between two adjacent buffer zones
There is the blank tape that width is 50-100m, every buffer zone is 75 ° -90 ° with the angle of prevailing wind direction；Every buffer zone includes
The desilting ditch and collection rain resistance sand barrier being arranged side by side, the desilting ditch are located at the one of the leeward slope of the corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier
Side, and the leeward slope bottom of slope extends to the edge of the corresponding desilting ditch, and drift sand, the drift sand are filled up in the desilting ditch
Upper plantation has sand-fixation plant.
2. synthesis according to claim 1 is fixed the sand system, it is characterised in that closest to described by the described anti-of protection facility
Protecting band is arranged at the upwind 150-200m by protection facility；The width of the desilting ditch is 2-3.5m, and depth is
1.5-2m；The length of grade for integrating rain resistance sand barrier is 4-5m, and slope 1-2m high, the leeward slope gradient is 25 ° -35 °, and the windward slope gradient is
40°-50°；The sand-fixation plant includes at least one in sacsaoul, husky honey raisin tree kind.
3. synthesis according to claim 1 is fixed the sand system, it is characterised in that the inner surface of the desilting ditch is provided with antiseepage
Layer；Drift sand surface in the desilting ditch is coated with canopy film, and the sand-fixation plant is planted on the drift sand through the canopy film；
The leeward slope of the collection rain resistance sand barrier is domatic to be provided with magnesium cement concrete layer.
4. synthesis according to claim 1 is fixed the sand system, it is characterised in that be provided with sunshade above the sand-fixation plant
Cover, the sky shade including banding together, in three bamboo sticks of triangular pyramidal, enclose and be covered with sunshade by the top of three bamboo sticks
Net, in the bottom insertion sand ground of three bamboo sticks, buried depth is 20-25cm, and proud exposure is 30-40cm.
5. a kind of synthesis as claimed in claim 1 is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, it is characterised in that it includes：
Around by protection facility, the desilting ditch of 3-5 bar laid out in parallel is excavated, every desilting ditch is with the angle of prevailing wind direction
75°-90°；
The collection rain being arranged side by side with it being set up in the upwind of every desilting ditch and hindering sand barrier, the collection rain hinders the leeward of sand barrier
Slope bottom of slope extends to the edge of the corresponding desilting ditch, and every desilting ditch constitutes a protection with corresponding collection rain resistance sand barrier
Band, every width of the buffer zone is 5-10m, and the blank tape that width is 50-100m is left between two adjacent buffer zones；
By natural sand or husky mode is filled out, make to fill up drift sand in desilting ditch, sand-fixation plant is planted on the drift sand.
6. synthesis according to claim 5 is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, it is characterised in that filled out in the desilting ditch inner product
Before drift sand, using antiseepage sand desilting ditch is carried out it is rebasing, then with waterglass dilution sprinkling it is rebasing after desilting ditch interior table
Face, forms impervious barrier, wherein, rebasing thickness is 2-4cm, using waterglass 1-2kg, plus the dilution of 2-3kg warm water, after being sufficiently stirred for
The waterglass dilution of formation sprays to every square metre of desilting ditch inner surface, and sprinkling thickness is 1.5-2mm.
7. synthesis according to claim 5 is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, it is characterised in that built in the collection rain resistance sand barrier
After vertical, the collection rain is hindered the domatic leveling of leeward slope of sand barrier first, then in the domatic smearing magnesium coagulating cement of the leeward slope
Soil, smearing thickness is 3-4cm, forms magnesium cement concrete layer.
8. synthesis according to claim 5 is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, it is characterised in that fill up stream in the desilting ditch
Sha Hou, before carrying kind of sand-fixation plant, first carries out flood irrigation to the drift sand in the desilting ditch, then covers canopy on the drift sand surface
Film, then take grit soil on the spot and be covered in the canopy film, cladding thickness is 3-5cm.
9. synthesis according to claim 5 is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, it is characterised in that the plantation sand-fixation plant
Method is：During annual April 25 to May 5, punched on the drift sand of the desilting ditch through canopy film, hole depth 25-
35cm, aperture 4-6cm；The annual Sand-binder seedling of total 40-55cm high, the root of the Sand-binder seedling are planted in hole
Stem junction flushes or buried 2-4cm with sand ground, and the line space of the Sand-binder seedling is 70-90m, and strain spacing is 45-
50cm。
10. synthesis according to claim 9 is fixed the sand the method for construction of system, it is characterised in that the plantation sand-fixation plant
After nursery stock, sky shade is set in the top of the Sand-binder seedling, Second Year removes the sky shade.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109235411A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-18 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Suitable for Wind-sandy Area assembled collection sand polywater afforestation protection system |
| CN111034408A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Grassland patch sand land repairing method |
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