CN106756584B - Iron base composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron base composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106756584B CN106756584B CN201611100828.XA CN201611100828A CN106756584B CN 106756584 B CN106756584 B CN 106756584B CN 201611100828 A CN201611100828 A CN 201611100828A CN 106756584 B CN106756584 B CN 106756584B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of iron base composite materials, the reinforced phase of iron base composite material is the NbC particles generated by Nb and C atom reaction in-situs, nitrogen treatment is carried out to iron base composite material surface and forms Nb (C, N) particulates reinforcements, it is 26~43% that iron base composite material, which enhances phase volume fraction,；And disclose the specific preparation method of iron base composite material.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The iron base composite material of fabricated in situ NbC enhancings, and nitrogen treatment is carried out, generate a kind of Nb (C, N) solid solution reinforced phase, the distribution gradient between center portion NbC reinforcements in material surface；Since the reinforced phase of composite material is in-situ reactive synthesis, reinforced phase reacts generation with basal body interface, without pollution problem, the composite material has high wear-resisting property, especially surface property is more excellent, and the preparation process of composite material is simple, and production cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of iron base composite materials and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Iron base composite material can need to change reinforced phase and matrix, be mesh since at low cost, performance is high according to different
The preceding faster metal-base composites of development.The preparation method of traditional composite material is more, wherein having casting, high temperature from climing
Prolong method, powder metallurgic method etc., additional reinforced phase method and fabricated in situ reinforced phase method are had according to the forming method of reinforced phase.Additional increasing
Qiang Xiangfa has a larger drawback, the interface pollution of particle and matrix, and the binding force of matrix and reinforced phase is poor；Particle divides in the base
Cloth uniformity is poor, and the percent by volume of reinforced phase is restricted.Fabricated in situ reinforced phase method has apparent advantage, but at present
Casting can not reach higher volume fraction, wearability is restricted, and powder metallurgic method can prepare higher volumes point
Number reinforced phases composite material, while reinforced phase be it is generated in-situ, it is clean with the combination interface of matrix.
Currently, the reinforced phase of iron base composite material is concentrated mainly on the carbide range such as TiC, VC, WC, and Nb is a kind of pole
Good carbide former, while Nb and N also have very strong binding force, can generate NbN and good reinforced phase, and
NbC and NbN is sodium chloride face-centered cubic crystal structure, can mutually form Nb (C, N) carbonitride solid solution, this solid solution
Composite material of the wearability of the iron base composite material of body enhancing than single carbide or nitride as reinforced phase has more
Add excellent wear-resisting property, the service life of part can be greatly improved.And prepare the iron-based composite wood that Nb (C, N) integrally enhances
Expect that difficulty is higher, because the carbonization of Nb and nitridation reaction speed are different, reaction temperature is also inconsistent, prepares entirety Nb (C, N)
The iron base composite material technology difficulty of enhancing is big.Therefore the invention is intended to prepare a kind of NbC using powder metallurgy in-situ synthesis
Then the iron base composite material of enhancing carries out at nitridation the composite material after sintering densification at relatively low temperature
Reason makes a kind of hardness of Surface Creation higher Nb (C, N) solid solution reinforced phase, this surface have answering for Nb (C, N) reinforced phases
Condensation material can greatly improve the wearability of composite material surface, and material center portion NbC reinforced phases still have good wearability,
By surface to center portion Nb (C, N) and NbC distribution gradients.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：Based on the above issues, the present invention provide a kind of iron base composite material and its
Preparation method.
The present invention solves a technical solution used by its technical problem：A kind of iron base composite material, iron-based are compound
The reinforced phase of material is the NbC particles generated by Nb and C atom reaction in-situs, and the via nitride processing of iron base composite material surface is formed
Nb (C, N) solid solution reinforced phase, it is 26~43% that iron base composite material, which enhances phase volume fraction, is calculated in mass percent, iron-based
Composite material contains 23~38% Nb and 3~5% C.
The preparation method of iron base composite material, includes the following steps：
(1) iron powder, ferro-niobium powder and graphite powder are mixed, is added in ball grinder, abrading-ball is added, is added in ball grinder anhydrous
Alcohol covers mixed-powder；
(2) ball milling is carried out in the ball mill, and the rotating speed of ball mill is 150~250r/min, and Ball-milling Time is for 24 hours；
(3) the good powder of ball milling is uniformly mixed with binder, sieving, is pressed into part green compact, compacting pressure in a press
Power is 350~400Mpa, and the dwell time is 30~60s；
(4) the part green compact suppressed is put into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, be first heated to 550 with the speed of 10 DEG C/min
DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1050 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 100min, it is finally heated to arrive final temperature
1380~1420 DEG C, keep the temperature 60~90min；
(5) 700~900 DEG C are cooled to, nitrogen is passed through, pressure is 0.25~0.30Mpa, keeps the temperature 6~12h, makes surface NbC
Particle nitridation generates Nb (C, N), and iron base composite material is made.
Further, in step (1) mass fraction of ferro-niobium powder and graphite powder be respectively 44.8~74.0% and 3.0~
The atomic ratio of 5.0%, wherein Nb and C are 1:1, one or both of molybdenum-iron powder, ferrochrome powder are added in mixed-powder to matrix
Carry out alloying.
Further, binder is paraffin in step (3).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The iron base composite material of fabricated in situ NbC enhancings, and nitrogen treatment is carried out, multiple
Surface Creation a kind of Nb (C, N) solid solution reinforced phase of condensation material part, in a kind of gradient point between center portion NbC reinforcements
Cloth, between without apparent interface；Since the reinforced phase of composite material is in-situ reactive synthesis, the interface of reinforced phase and matrix
It is that reaction generates, without pollution problem, which has high wear-resisting property, especially surface property more excellent
It is different, but preparation process is simple, and production cost is relatively low.
Specific implementation mode
Presently in connection with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, following embodiment be intended to illustrate invention rather than
Limitation of the invention further.
Embodiment 1
Step 1：Powder prepares
Powder ingredient：
Ferro-niobium powder：51.3%Nb
Graphite powder：99.9%C
Molybdenum-iron powder：59.4%Mo
Ferrochrome powder：56.2%Cr
Iron powder：98.5%Fe
Step 2：Ball milling is carried out in the ball mill, and Ball-milling Time is that for 24 hours, the rotating speed of ball mill is 200r/min.
Step 3：The good powder of ball milling is mixed with paraffin, is then sieved, and is pressed into part green compact, compacting pressure in a press
Power is 360MPa, dwell time 30s.
Step 4：The part suppressed is put into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, is first heated to 550 with the speed of 10 DEG C/min
DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, binder is decomposed and is discharged, is then warming up to 1050 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 100min is kept the temperature, allows
Reaction in-situ fully carries out, finally heated to arrive 1380 DEG C of final temperature, keeps the temperature 60min, sintering densification.
Step 5：750 DEG C are cooled to after sintering densification, is passed through nitrogen, and pressure 0.25Mpa keeps the temperature 6h so that sintering
Fine and close piece surface nitridation, makes NbC particles nitridation in surface generate Nb (C, N), composite material, of the composite material of system is made
Grain enhancing phase volume fraction is 26%, and the case hardness HRA78 of composite material, wear test relative wear rate is Quenched 45 Steel
1.56 again.
Embodiment 2
Step 1：Powder prepares
| Ingredient | Granularity | Mass percent |
| Ferro-niobium powder | ≤50um | 63.9 |
| Graphite powder | ≤5um | 4.2 |
| Molybdenum-iron powder | ≤70um | 1.0 |
| Ferrochrome powder | ≤50um | 1.0 |
| Iron powder | ≤20um | 29.9 |
Step 2：Ball milling is carried out in the ball mill, and Ball-milling Time is that for 24 hours, the rotating speed of ball mill is 200r/min.
Step 3：The good powder of ball milling is mixed with paraffin, is then sieved, and is pressed into part green compact, compacting pressure in a press
Power is 360MPa, dwell time 30s.
Step 4：The part suppressed is put into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, is first heated to 550 with the speed of 10 DEG C/min
DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, binder is decomposed and is discharged, is then warming up to 1050 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 100min is kept the temperature, allows
Reaction in-situ fully carries out, finally heated to arrive 1380 DEG C of final temperature, keeps the temperature 60min, sintering densification.
Step 5：750 DEG C are cooled to after sintering densification, is passed through nitrogen, and pressure 0.25Mpa keeps the temperature 6h so that sintering
Fine and close piece surface nitridation, makes NbC particles nitridation in surface generate Nb (C, N), composite material, of the composite material of system is made
Grain enhancing phase volume fraction is 37%, and the case hardness HRA79.5 of composite material, wear test relative wear rate is Quenched 45 Steel
1.94 times.
Embodiment 3
Step 1：Powder prepares
| Ingredient | Granularity | Mass percent |
| Ferro-niobium powder | ≤50um | 63.9 |
| Graphite powder | ≤5um | 4.2 |
| Molybdenum-iron powder | ≤70um | 1.0 |
| Ferrochrome powder | ≤50um | 1.0 |
| Iron powder | ≤20um | 29.9 |
Step 2：Ball milling is carried out in the ball mill, and Ball-milling Time is that for 24 hours, the rotating speed of ball mill is 200r/min.
Step 3：The good powder of ball milling is mixed with paraffin, is then sieved, and is pressed into part green compact, compacting pressure in a press
Power is 360MPa, dwell time 30s.
Step 4：The part suppressed is put into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, is first heated to 550 with the speed of 10 DEG C/min
DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, binder is decomposed and is discharged, is then warming up to 1050 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 100min is kept the temperature, allows
Reaction in-situ fully carries out, finally heated to arrive 1380 DEG C of final temperature, keeps the temperature 60min, sintering densification.
Step 5：750 DEG C are cooled to after sintering densification, is passed through nitrogen, and pressure 0.25Mpa keeps the temperature 12h so that sintering
Fine and close piece surface nitridation, makes NbC particles nitridation in surface generate Nb (C, N), composite material, of the composite material of system is made
Grain enhancing phase volume fraction is 37%, and composite material surface hardness HRA81, wear test relative wear rate is Quenched 45 Steel
2.03 again.
Embodiment 4
Step 1：Powder prepares
| Ingredient | Granularity | Mass percent |
| Ferro-niobium powder | ≤50um | 74.0 |
| Graphite powder | ≤5um | 5.0 |
| Molybdenum-iron powder | ≤70um | 1.0 |
| Ferrochrome powder | ≤50um | 1.0 |
| Iron powder | ≤20um | 19.0 |
Step 2：Ball milling is carried out in the ball mill, and Ball-milling Time is that for 24 hours, the rotating speed of ball mill is 200r/min.
Step 3：The good powder of ball milling is mixed with paraffin, is then sieved, and is pressed into part green compact, compacting pressure in a press
Power is 360MPa, dwell time 30s.
Step 4：The part suppressed is put into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, is first heated to 550 with the speed of 10 DEG C/min
DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, binder is decomposed and is discharged, is then warming up to 1050 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, 100min is kept the temperature, allows
Reaction in-situ fully carries out, finally heated to arrive 1400 DEG C of final temperature, keeps the temperature 60min, sintering densification.
Step 5：750 DEG C are cooled to after sintering densification, is passed through nitrogen, and pressure 0.25Mpa keeps the temperature 6h so that sintering
Fine and close piece surface nitridation, makes NbC particles nitridation in surface generate Nb (C, N), composite material, of the composite material of system is made
Grain enhancing phase volume fraction is 43%, and the case hardness HRA83 of composite material, wear test relative wear rate is Quenched 45 Steel
2.52 again.
It is enlightenment with above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to determine its technical scope according to right.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of iron base composite material, it is characterized in that：The reinforced phase of the iron base composite material is anti-in situ by Nb and C atoms
The NbC particles that should be generated, the via nitride processing of iron base composite material surface form Nb (C, N) solid solution reinforced phase, iron-based composite wood
Material enhancing phase volume fraction be 26~43%, be calculated in mass percent, iron base composite material contain 23~38% Nb and 3~
5% C；
The preparation method of the iron base composite material includes the following steps：
(1) iron powder, ferro-niobium powder and graphite powder are mixed, is added in ball grinder, abrading-ball is added, absolute alcohol is added in ball grinder
Cover mixed-powder；
(2) ball milling is carried out in the ball mill, and the rotating speed of ball mill is 150~250r/min, and Ball-milling Time is for 24 hours；
(3) powder after ball milling is uniformly mixed with binder, and sieving is pressed into part green compact, pressing pressure is in a press
350~400Mpa, dwell time are 30~60s；
(4) the part green compact suppressed is put into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, be first heated to 550 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min,
30min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1050 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 100min, it is finally heated to arrive final temperature 1380
~1420 DEG C, keep the temperature 60~90min；
(5) 700~900 DEG C are cooled to, nitrogen is passed through, pressure is 0.25~0.30MP a, keeps the temperature 6~12h, makes NbC, surface
Grain nitridation generates Nb (C, N), and iron base composite material is made.
2. iron base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Ferro-niobium powder and graphite powder in the step (1)
Mass fraction be respectively 44.8~74.0% and 3.0~5.0%, wherein Nb and C atomic ratio be 1:1, in mixed-powder plus
Enter one or both of molybdenum-iron powder, ferrochrome powder and alloying is carried out to matrix.
3. iron base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Binder is paraffin in the step (3).
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| CN201611100828.XA CN106756584B (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2016-12-05 | Iron base composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106756584B true CN106756584B (en) | 2018-07-20 |
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| CN107812956B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-07-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of composite powder preparation method and equipment directly generating FeN reinforced phase |
| CN111876776B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2021-05-25 | 湖南人文科技学院 | NbC-reinforced nanocrystalline wear-resistant coating with hardness gradient and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102134677A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-07-27 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105671411A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2016-06-15 | 中南大学 | Carbide-reinforced iron base composite material and powder metallurgy in-situ synthesis method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102134677A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-07-27 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105671411A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2016-06-15 | 中南大学 | Carbide-reinforced iron base composite material and powder metallurgy in-situ synthesis method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 氮化处理粉末烧结材料耐磨性研究;鹿云等;《农业机械学报》;20010930;第32卷(第5期);第100页摘要 * |
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