CN106747957A - A kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage and its production and use - Google Patents

A kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage and its production and use Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106747957A
CN106747957A CN201611055986.8A CN201611055986A CN106747957A CN 106747957 A CN106747957 A CN 106747957A CN 201611055986 A CN201611055986 A CN 201611055986A CN 106747957 A CN106747957 A CN 106747957A
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China
Prior art keywords
weight portion
soil
soil conditioner
auxotype
weight
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Pending
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CN201611055986.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郝小雨
马星竹
高中超
常本超
周宝库
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Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resources of HAAS
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Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resources of HAAS
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Priority to CN201611055986.8A priority Critical patent/CN106747957A/en
Publication of CN106747957A publication Critical patent/CN106747957A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/04Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12Granules or flakes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage and its production and use, belong to field of agricultural production technologies.A kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage of the present invention, it is made up of each raw material of following weight portion:The weight portion of humic acid 25~30, the weight portion of decomposed manure (butt) 20~30, the weight portion of urea 12~16, the weight portion of double superhosphate 5~8, the weight portion of potassium sulfate 8~12, the weight portion of borax 2~4, the weight portion of zinc sulfate 1~2, the weight portion of clay 5~10, the weight portion of EM bacteria agent 1~2, the weight portion of polyacrylamide 1~2.The soil conditioner that the present invention is provided has improved soil structure, promotes the effect of Zinc fractions water-stable aggregate, increased the gas porosity and permeability of soil, improves the air and heat characteristic of topsoil, is remarkably improved the storing water and preserving fertility ability of soil.Additionally, the type soil conditioner can also supply nutrient, fertilizing soil improves nutrientuse efficiency, increases crop yield.

Description

A kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage and preparation method thereof and Purposes
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be applied to few no-tillage kind the present invention relates to a kind of soil conditioner and its production and use Auxotype soil conditioner of plant and preparation method thereof, and the water conservation and permeability of Minimal and zero tillage soil are being improved, improve soil Crumb structure, the purposes in enhancing indigenous nutrient supply capacity.The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies.
Background technology
Soil texture is the important foundation of soil fertility, good soil texture energy retain water and nutrients, draining of ventilating in time, association Water transfer gas contradiction, regulation liquid manure supply.Proved both at home and abroad with the no-tillage protective farming technique for representative less and be able to maintain that Or improve soil quality, the effective measures for increasing crop yield, being conducive to soil sustainable use.But there is scholar raw in agricultural Found in product, no-tillage less for a long time to cause the increase of topsoil unit weight, soil porosity diminishes, and causes soil hardening, permeability It is deteriorated, influences water movement and the gas exchanges of soil levels, and then has influence on soil water fat gas heat condition and crop root It is interspersed in soil, it is unfavorable for the growth and decline balance of soil moisture and soil air, the final soil that reduces is to ambient water, thermal change Buffer capacity.To ensure the further genralrlization of few no-tillage technology and ensureing that Stabilizing Grain Output is increased income, it is necessary to solve few no-tillage skill Soil swelling-shrinkage problem caused by art.
Soil conditioner refers to add in soil for improving the physics and (or) chemical property of soil, and (or) it is biological The material of activity.Soil conditioner is to the improving effect of obstacle soil:The regulation soil texture, improves soil texture, promotes group Burl is configured to;Soil water-retaining moisture holding capacity is improved, drought-relief improves WUEL;Regulation soil pH value, reduce or Reduce acidifying harm;Improvement saline-alkali soil, adjusts soil degree of base saturation and cation exchange capacity (CEC);The soil nutrient body that conditioning is unbalance System, promotes available nutrient supply;Repairing polluted soil, heavy metal ion passivation;Regulation soil microflora, keeps good Good edaphon environment.The soil conditioner for being currently adapted for few zero tillage is actually rare, and commercially available prod is mostly water-soluble Property spray, and without other nutritional ingredients, need to additionally be operated, waste time and energy and increase cost.Therefore, it is badly in need of developing a In few zero tillage, both can improved soil structure, again can water conservation fertilizer auxotype soil conditioner.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage And preparation method thereof, the conditioner can improve the water conservation and permeability of Minimal and zero tillage soil, improve soil granular structure, enhancing Indigenous nutrient supply capacity.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technological means:
A kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage of the invention, its by following weight portion each raw material Composition:The weight portion of humic acid 25~30, the weight portion of decomposed manure (butt) 20~30, the weight portion of urea 12~16 crosses phosphorus again The weight portion of sour calcium 5~8, the weight portion of potassium sulfate 8~12, the weight portion of borax 2~4, the weight portion of zinc sulfate 1~2, the weight of clay 5~10 Amount part, the weight portion of EM bacteria agent 1~2, the weight portion of polyacrylamide 1~2.
In the present invention, it is preferred to, described auxotype soil conditioner is made up of each raw material of following weight portion:Corruption is planted Sour 31 weight portions, the weight portion of decomposed manure (butt) 23, the weight portion of urea 14, the weight portion of double superhosphate 5, the weight of potassium sulfate 8 Amount part, the weight portion of borax 4, the weight portion of zinc sulfate 2, the weight portion of clay 10, the weight portion of EM bacteria agent 2, the weight portion of polyacrylamide 1.
In the present invention, it is preferred to, the organic fertilizer is the farm manures such as cow dung, horsehit, chicken manure, sheep manure or pig manure.
In the present invention, the humic acid, urea, double superhosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate are commercially available agricultural Product.
In the present invention, the EM bacteria agent be containing lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis, Gram positive actinomycetes, The mix bacterium agent of the efficacious microbial colonies such as photosynthetic bacteria composition, viable count is no less than 2 × 109CFU/ml。
In the present invention, the polyacrylamide be commercial anionic type surfactant, product active principle content >= 99%.Polyacrylamide can activate its active ingredient after being dissolved in water, make by the hydrogen ion separate out in soil, increase soil sun Ion exchange capacity, and then make the more micropores of Zinc fractions, increase soil water storage, permeability, improve the crumb structure of soil.
In the present invention, it is preferred to, in described soil conditioner, the content of organic matter >=35%, full nitrogen (N) >=10%, Full phosphorus (P2O5) >=5%, full potassium (K2O) >=8%, moisture≤5%, pH is 6.0~7.5.
Further, the invention allows for it is a kind of prepare auxotype soil conditioner method, including following step Suddenly:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion of the present invention;
(2) by humic acid, decomposed manure, urea, double superhosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, polyacrylamide Pulverizer is inserted in proportion, 2.0~4.0mm of grain diameter is crushed to, then crushed mixture is mixed with clay is put into comminutor, Simultaneously EM bacteria agent is sprayed using built-in spray equipment;
(3) particle of first one-step forming is inserted into circle-throw movement machine carries out forming processes, and shaping is obtained after low temperature drying, screening Grain, control moisture is less than 5%, and temperature is less than 30 DEG C.
Further, the guarantor of Minimal and zero tillage soil is being improved the invention allows for described auxotype soil conditioner Water and permeability, improve soil granular structure, the purposes in enhancing indigenous nutrient supply capacity.
It is demonstrated experimentally that the soil conditioner that the present invention is provided has improved soil structure, promotes Zinc fractions water stability group The effect of aggressiveness, increased the gas porosity and permeability of soil, improve the air and heat characteristic of topsoil, be remarkably improved soil The storing water and preserving fertility ability of earth.Additionally, the type soil conditioner can also supply nutrient, fertilizing soil improves nutrien utilization effect Rate, increases crop yield.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is soil with organic matter change after the 5 kinds of soil conditioners prepared using 1~embodiment of embodiment 5;
Fig. 2 is soil weight change after the 5 kinds of soil conditioners prepared using 1~embodiment of embodiment 5;
Fig. 3 is that soil porosity changes in soil after the 5 kinds of soil conditioners prepared using 1~embodiment of embodiment 5;
Fig. 4 is field capacity change after the 5 kinds of soil conditioners prepared using 1~embodiment of embodiment 5.
Specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention with reference to specific embodiment, advantages of the present invention and feature will be with description and It is apparent.But these embodiments are only exemplary, do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention.People in the art Member to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form it should be understood that can enter without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention Row modification is replaced, but these modifications and replacement are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of the soil conditioner of embodiment one
1st, raw material and its purchase source
Humic acid is purchased from Heilungkiang Ju Feng humic acids development corporation, Ltd., effective content:>=70%.
Organic fertilizer (cow dung, horsehit, chicken manure, sheep manure, pig manure) is the farm manure collected.
Urea, double superhosphate, potassium sulfate are purchased from Harbin Jiu Zhou chemical fertilizer and manage Co., Ltd.
Borax, zinc sulfate, clay, polyacrylamide are purchased from Harbin China letter chemical industry and sell Co., Ltd.
EM bacteria agent is purchased from Kang Yuan oasis bio tech ltd.
2nd, raw material composition
The raw material composition of the soil conditioner of 1~embodiment of embodiment 5 is shown in Table 1.
The soil conditioner of table 1 implements proportioning
3rd, the preparation method of the soil conditioner of 1~embodiment of embodiment 5:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to the weight described in table 1;
(2) by humic acid, decomposed manure, urea, double superhosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, polyacrylamide Pulverizer is inserted in proportion, 2.0~4.0mm of grain diameter is crushed to, then crushed mixture is mixed with clay is put into comminutor, Simultaneously EM bacteria agent is sprayed using built-in spray equipment;
(3) particle of first one-step forming is inserted into circle-throw movement machine carries out forming processes, and shaping is obtained after low temperature drying, screening Grain, control moisture is less than 5%, and temperature is less than 30 DEG C, respectively obtains the soil conditioner of 1~embodiment of embodiment 5.
Verify example in the field of embodiment two
Heilongjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences's experiment garden (hereinafter referred to as " experiment garden ") and Heilongjiang Province Zhao Guang in Harbin City Farm, the field of selection corn no-tillage plantation, applies 5 kinds of soil conditioners prepared by 1~embodiment of embodiment 5, with not respectively It is control, plot area 400m to apply the treatment of soil conditioner2.Before spring is sowed, using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, enter Row fertilising (fertilizer is soil conditioner), seeding operation.Soil conditioner amount of application is 1500kg/hm2, whole bases apply.In The typhon mouthful phase imposes urea 60kg/hm2.In autumn harvest after survey produce, and 0~20cm of measure soil organism that fetches earth, unit weight, Soil porosity.
Table 2 applies the effect of increasing production of soil conditioner
As shown in Table 2, compared with the control for not applying soil conditioner, can increase production using 5 kinds of soil conditioners, volume increase effect Fruit is the ≈ embodiments 1 of 4 > embodiments of embodiment 3 > embodiments, 5 > embodiments 2.It can be seen that, this auxotype soil conditioner is for promoting Entering corn yield increasing has positive effect.
As seen from Figure 1, soil fertility can be improved using soil conditioner, the soil organism is applied within continuous 2 years Relatively control can respectively increase by 5.4%~7.2% (experiment garden) and 4.9%~7.3% (Zhao Guang farms).
From in terms of soil physical properties situation of change, 5 kinds of soil conditioners have remarkable result (Fig. 2, Fig. 3).By 2 years even Continuous to apply, the soil weight is relatively compareed and can respectively reduce by 2.8%~5.7% (experiment garden) and 3.5%~7.0% (Zhao Guang farms), Soil porosity is relatively compareed can respectively increase by 9.5%~17.0% (experiment garden) and 12.2%~19.9% (Zhao Guang farms), say The bright aeration status that can improve soil using this soil conditioner so that the elasticity and constructional aspect of soil take a turn for the better.
Soil can be improved using soil conditioner and (Fig. 4) is acted on to guarantor's storage of moisture, held using soil field within continuous 2 years Water is relatively compareed can respectively increase by 15.3%~36.6% (experiment garden) and 14.4%~28.8% (Zhao Guang farms).

Claims (6)

1. a kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage, it is characterised in that by each raw material group of following weight portion Into:The weight portion of humic acid 25~30, the weight portion of decomposed manure (butt) 20~30, the weight portion of urea 12~16, weight peroxophosphoric acid The weight portion of calcium 5~8, the weight portion of potassium sulfate 8~12, the weight portion of borax 2~4, the weight portion of zinc sulfate 1~2, the weight of clay 5~10 Part, the weight portion of EM bacteria agent 1~2, the weight portion of polyacrylamide 1~2.
2. auxotype soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of each raw material of following weight portion:It is rotten The weight portion of phytic acid 31, the weight portion of decomposed manure (butt) 23, the weight portion of urea 14, the weight portion of double superhosphate 5, potassium sulfate 8 Weight portion, the weight portion of borax 4, the weight portion of zinc sulfate 2, the weight portion of clay 10, the weight portion of EM bacteria agent 2, the weight of polyacrylamide 1 Part.
3. auxotype soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer be cow dung, horsehit, chicken manure, Sheep manure or pig manure.
4. auxotype soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described soil conditioner, organic matter contains Amount >=35%, full nitrogen (N) >=10%, full phosphorus (P2O5) >=5%, full potassium (K2O) >=8%, moisture≤5%, pH be 6.0~ 7.5。
5. a kind of method for preparing the auxotype soil conditioner described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that including with Lower step:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to the weight portion described in claim 1 or 2;
(2) by humic acid, decomposed manure, urea, double superhosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, polyacrylamide press than Example inserts pulverizer, is crushed to 2.0~4.0mm of grain diameter, then crushed mixture is mixed with clay is put into comminutor, while EM bacteria agent is sprayed using built-in spray equipment;
(3) particle of first one-step forming is inserted into circle-throw movement machine carries out forming processes, and shaped granule is obtained after low temperature drying, screening, controls Moisture processed is less than 5%, and temperature is less than 30 DEG C.
6. the auxotype soil conditioner described in any one of claim 1-4 improve Minimal and zero tillage soil water conservation and permeability, Improve soil granular structure, the purposes in enhancing indigenous nutrient supply capacity.
CN201611055986.8A 2016-11-22 2016-11-22 A kind of auxotype soil conditioner suitable for few zero tillage and its production and use Pending CN106747957A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108658704A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-10-16 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 A kind of soil conditioner of raising southern double rice cropping system reddish yellow mud field the humus content of the soil and application
CN108913148A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-30 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 A kind of soil conditioner of raising southern double rice cropping system reddish yellow mud field soil agreegate content and application
CN109384620A (en) * 2017-08-10 2019-02-26 丹阳市金地生态园林发展有限公司 A kind of Chinese chestnut tree soil conditioner

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438662A (en) * 2008-12-15 2009-05-27 重庆市南川区富民科技推广中心 Method for planting wide-row non-ploughing direct-seeding high-yield rape
CN102295493A (en) * 2011-05-27 2011-12-28 郭海洋 No-tillage soil activating biological bacteria silicon-potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103145507A (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-06-12 张元宝 Deep-ploughing-free compound microbial fertilizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438662A (en) * 2008-12-15 2009-05-27 重庆市南川区富民科技推广中心 Method for planting wide-row non-ploughing direct-seeding high-yield rape
CN102295493A (en) * 2011-05-27 2011-12-28 郭海洋 No-tillage soil activating biological bacteria silicon-potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103145507A (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-06-12 张元宝 Deep-ploughing-free compound microbial fertilizer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109384620A (en) * 2017-08-10 2019-02-26 丹阳市金地生态园林发展有限公司 A kind of Chinese chestnut tree soil conditioner
CN108658704A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-10-16 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 A kind of soil conditioner of raising southern double rice cropping system reddish yellow mud field the humus content of the soil and application
CN108913148A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-30 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 A kind of soil conditioner of raising southern double rice cropping system reddish yellow mud field soil agreegate content and application

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Application publication date: 20170531