CN106734960B - A kind of formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball - Google Patents
A kind of formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN106734960B CN106734960B CN201611268982.8A CN201611268982A CN106734960B CN 106734960 B CN106734960 B CN 106734960B CN 201611268982 A CN201611268982 A CN 201611268982A CN 106734960 B CN106734960 B CN 106734960B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of formative technologies of large hollow abrading-ball, belong to metal wear resistant material field.The formative technology of the large hollow abrading-ball of the present invention, includes the following steps：The foam plastics mould of abrading-ball is put into sandbox, and vibration gaza is carried out on vibration unit, the process for vibrating gaza is as follows：Stage one：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using low frequency, in the drystone sand to sandbox for adding in small particle size in vibration；Stage two：Vibration frequency is adjusted, frequency vibrates sandbox in, in being added in vibration in the drystone sand to sandbox of granularity；Stage three：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using high-frequency, in the drystone sand to sandbox for adding in bulky grain degree in vibration.The present invention is notable for the control effect of abrading-ball surface defect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal wear resistant material field, more specifically to a kind of formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball.
Background technology
The main grinding principle of medium speed mill is that abrading-ball rolls between upper and lower bull ring, will enter the mineral ground between road and crush, and grind
Ball and bull ring are its main vulnerable parts, and 5~10 abrading-balls are usually placed according to the size of equipment, with the enlargement of equipment,
Its abrading-ball size is also larger, and outer diameter is made hollow of Φ 750mm to Φ 1150mm in order to mitigate the weight of this large-scale abrading-ball
Ball, for wall thickness by 135mm to 150mm, weight sets 5 fabrication holes, aperture Φ 90mm to Φ 100mm by 1.2 tons to 3.6 tons；
Since hollow abrading-ball bears larger shock loading in operation process, CrNiMo cast steels are used as material to make inside and outside native land
Standby such abrading-ball.
The preparation process about hollow abrading-ball has related art scheme and discloses in the prior art, such as patent publication No.：
CN204717206U, publication date：On December 25th, 2013, invention and created name are：A kind of preparation method of hollow abrading-ball, the Shen
Please case disclose a kind of preparation method of hollow abrading-ball, specific technical solution is：The first step：The preparation and assembling of apperance；The
Two steps：It is coated with coating；Third walks：Moulding；4th step：Fusing and cast；5th step：Heat treatment.The preparation process of this application
Simply, cost is more cheap, is suitable for the actual production of the large hollow abrading-ball of different sizes and wall thickness, eliminates hollow ball wall thickness
Non-uniform problem improves the service life of hollow abrading-ball.
But above-mentioned application case is：The large hollow abrading-ball manufactured using above-mentioned preparation method,
Since the size of hollow abrading-ball is larger, its surface easily product defects such as cracked, cinder hole, and size is opposite in casting process
The product defects such as bigger hollow abrading-ball, crackle, the cinder hole that surface occurs are more apparent.
Therefore, how to overcome the productions such as the existing large hollow abrading-ball crackle that its surface easily occurs in casting process, cinder hole
Product defect, be in the prior art urgent need to resolve the technical issues of.
Invention content
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing large hollow abrading-ball its surface easily cracked, cinder hole in casting process
The deficiency of product defects is waited, provides a kind of formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball, the control of abrading-ball surface defect is imitated
Fruit is notable.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention is：
The formative technology of the large hollow abrading-ball of the present invention, includes the following steps：The foam plastics mould of abrading-ball is put into
In sandbox, and vibration gaza is carried out on vibration unit.
As further improvement of the present invention, the process of the vibration gaza is as follows：
Stage one：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using low frequency, the dry of small particle size is added in vibration
In quartz sand to sandbox, until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at a quarter height；
Stage two：Vibration frequency is adjusted, frequency vibrates sandbox in, and granularity is dry in being added in vibration
In quartz sand to sandbox, until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at 2/3rds height；
Stage three：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using high-frequency, the dry of bulky grain degree is added in vibration
In quartz sand to sandbox, until drystone sand fills sand filling case, then the plastic covering film at the top of sandbox accesses vacuum pump line
Road vacuumizes, and vacuum degree is maintained at more than 0.65MPa.
As further improvement of the present invention, the low frequency refers to 5~10HZ, and the small particle size refers to 155~175
Mesh.
As further improvement of the present invention, the middle frequency refers to 15~25HZ, and the middle granularity refers to 75~105
Mesh.
As further improvement of the present invention, the high-frequency refers to 30~35HZ, and the bulky grain degree refers to 35~50 mesh.
As further improvement of the present invention, after the stage one, the stage two and the stage three, stopping
Under conditions of only continuing gaza, vibrated again 80~100 seconds along former vibration frequency respectively, then carry out the operation of next step.
As further improvement of the present invention, the vibration unit includes hydraulic base, air bag and vibrating motor, described
Four support columns are connected on four angles of hydraulic base respectively, an air bag is installed among each support column, each support column
There are one vibrating motors for top installation.
As further improvement of the present invention, the vibration unit further includes sandbox track, which is used for will
Sandbox is transported to the top of four support columns；Four support columns are risen by hydraulic base, so that the four of sandbox bottom
Angle is supported pillared, and clamping device is respectively equipped on each support column, which is used for sandbox when sandbox is vibrated
It is clamped on four support columns.
3. advantageous effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result：
(1) inventor by a large number of experiments summarize find, by vibration gaza's process carry out control by stages, and
Each stage is matched using different vibration frequencies with the drystone sand of variable grain degree, can significantly decrease hollow abrading-ball,
The product defects that especially its surface occurs during large-scale hollow grounding ball casting.
(2) it is also indicated that in the present invention, after stage one, stage two and stage three, under conditions of stopping continuing gaza,
It is vibrated again 80~100 seconds along former vibration frequency respectively, then the operation of progress next step, in this way design are on the one hand so that different add
Good gradient cooperation can be formed between the molding sand in husky stage, avoids apparent contact occur between the molding sand of variable grain degree
Gap, being on the other hand conducive to molding sand in sandbox being capable of whole jolt ramming.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the main structure diagram of vibration unit in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the overlooking the structure diagram of vibration unit in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the manufacturing method of the large hollow abrading-ball of embodiment 1.
Label declaration in schematic diagram：101st, hydraulic base；102nd, air bag；103rd, vibrating motor；104th, sandbox track.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings below
Detailed description be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained without creative efforts is all
Other embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To further appreciate that present disclosure, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
With reference to figure 1~3, the manufacturing method of the large hollow abrading-ball of the present embodiment includes the following steps：The first step：Apperance
Preparation and assembling；Second step：It is coated with coating；Third walks：Moulding；4th step：Fusing and cast；5th step：Heat treatment.
Wherein, in the first step：Foam Pattern foaming mould is made using 1/6th of hemisphere, then by six apperance groups
Hemisphere is dressed up, finally two hemisphere are assembled again, form the foam plastics mould of hollow abrading-ball；
In second step：Assembled foam plastics mould is coated with water base zircon flour coating, paint thickness 1mm；
In third step：The foam plastics mould dried is put into sandbox, and vibration gaza is carried out on vibration unit；
The process of specific vibration gaza is as follows：
Stage one：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using low frequency (5~10HZ), is added in vibration small
In the drystone sand to sandbox of granularity (155~175 mesh), until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at a quarter height；
Stage two：Vibration frequency is adjusted, frequency (15~25HZ) vibrates sandbox in, in being added in vibration
In the drystone sand to sandbox of granularity (75~105 mesh), until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at 2/3rds height；
Stage three：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using high-frequency (30~35HZ), is added in vibration big
In the drystone sand to sandbox of granularity (35~50 mesh), until drystone sand fills sand filling case, the plastic covering at the top of sandbox
Then film accesses vacuum-pump line and vacuumizes, vacuum degree is maintained at more than 0.65MPa.
After stage one, stage two and stage three, under conditions of stopping continuing gaza, respectively along former vibration frequency again
Then vibration 80~100 seconds carries out the operation of next step.
Vibration unit includes hydraulic base 101, air bag 102, vibrating motor 103 and sandbox track 104, hydraulic base 101
Four angles on connect four support columns respectively, one air bag 102 of installation among each support column, the top peace of each support column
There are one vibrating motors 103 for dress；Sandbox track 104 is used to transport sandbox to the top of four support columns；Pass through hydraulic base
101 rise four support columns, so that the quadrangle of sandbox bottom is supported pillared, folder is respectively equipped on each support column
Mechanism is held, the clamping device by sandbox when sandbox is vibrated for being clamped to four support columns, using in the present embodiment
Vibration unit easily sandbox can be vibrated.
In 4th step：Being melted in medium-frequency induction furnace for CrNiMo cast steels carries out, by steel scrap, ferroalloy, the pig iron according to
Fusing requirement, which is sequentially placed into induction furnace, melts, and after chemical conversion molten steel fusion, the chemical composition of molten steel is measured by sampling in stokehold, once steel
Liquefaction, which studies, point to meet the requirements, you can then tapping casting, 1600 DEG C of the tapping temperature of molten steel, 1500 DEG C of cast temperature are being cast
It unpacks and clears up after being cooled down in type, and the hollow abrading-ball temperature of cast steel after cleaning is controlled to maintain 200 DEG C or more
In 5th step：It is 200~250 DEG C that temperature, which is maintained 200 DEG C or more of the hollow abrading-ball of cast steel to be put into initial temperature,
Heating furnace in, heat up 5 hours to 395~405 DEG C, keep the temperature 2 hours, then heat up 7 hours to 675~685 DEG C, keep the temperature 3 hours,
It heats up again 2.5 hours to 845~855 DEG C, comes out of the stove after keeping the temperature 6 hours air-cooled, temper is carried out after being cooled to room temperature.
In the prior art, since the size of hollow abrading-ball is larger, its surface easily productions such as cracked, cinder hole in casting process
The product defects such as product defect, and the hollow abrading-ball that size is relatively bigger, crackle, the cinder hole that surface occurs are more apparent, for
In how to avoid the product defects such as large hollow abrading-ball its surface occurs after casting crackle, cinder hole, inventor is in practical life
A large number of experiments is carried out in production, the key for creatively finding to solve the above problems is the improvement of modeling process and heat treated
The improvement of journey, specially：
In the present embodiment, the foam plastics mould dried is set to be put into sandbox, and vibrated on vibration unit
Gaza, the specific process for vibrating gaza are as follows：Stage one：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using 5~10HZ, side
It vibrates side to add in the drystone sand to sandbox of 155~175 mesh, until drystone sand is filled into a quarter height in sandbox
Place；Stage two：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using 15~25HZ, granularity 75~105 in being added in vibration
In purpose drystone sand to sandbox, until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at 2/3rds height；Stage three：Adjust vibration frequency
Rate vibrates sandbox using 30~35HZ, in the drystone sand to sandbox for adding in 35~50 mesh in vibration, until drystone
Sand fills sand filling case.Inventor its surface occurs during existing large hollow grounding ball casting is analyzed crackle, cinder hole etc.
It is found during product defects, the immediate cause that surface defects of products occurs is caused to be likely to foaming mould and molding sand in modeling process
Between contact overstocked or there are gap, therefore, how to improve that be contacted between foaming mould and molding sand be control product defects one
A importance, based on this, inventor summarizes by a large number of experiments and finds, by being controlled stage by stage to vibration gaza's process
System, and matched in each stage using different vibration frequencies with the drystone sand of variable grain degree, it can significantly decrease
The product defects that its surface occurs during hollow abrading-ball, especially large-scale hollow grounding ball casting, the substantially analysis of causes are as follows：
Just carry out vibration gaza when, the fixation of foaming mould is simultaneously unstable, need at this time adjust vibration frequency, using low frequency (5~
10HZ) sandbox is vibrated so that foaming mould be not susceptible to vibration offset, meanwhile, cooperation using small particle size (155~
175 mesh) drystone sand so that the drystone sand of small particle size (155~175 mesh) can be on first time filling-foam mold
Hole, avoid the abrading-ball after casting thereon at hole casting flaw generation, when vibrating gaza and carrying out to a certain extent, need
It gradually increases vibration frequency and accordingly with the use of the larger drystone sand of granularity, on the one hand enables molding sand jolt ramming,
On the other hand since the larger drystone sand of granularity is located at the top of sandbox, be conducive to the exclusion of gas in sandbox during cast,
Gas is avoided to be blocked in sandbox and caused by the casting flaws such as cinder hole.It should be noted that the casting based on large hollow abrading-ball
It makes, gaza's process will be vibrated by creatively being proposed in the present embodiment in moulding is divided into three phases, by the above three stage
Vibrate gaza so that foaming mould can contact well on different location with the molding sand of corresponding position, so as to greatly improve casting
The surface quality of hollow abrading-ball afterwards.Meanwhile inventor has found that existing hollow abrading-ball after casting mainly concentrate by its surface defect
In the lower part of abrading-ball, the granularity of the present embodiment Sand gradually increases in sandbox, on the one hand enables foaming mould lower part
It is come into full contact with the smaller molding sand of granularity, ensures the surface quality of abrading-ball lower part, be on the other hand conducive to during cast in sandbox
The smooth exclusion of gas.
It is also indicated that in the present embodiment, after stage one, stage two and stage three, under conditions of stopping continuing gaza,
It is vibrated again 80~100 seconds along former vibration frequency respectively, then the operation of progress next step, in this way design are on the one hand so that different add
Good gradient cooperation can be formed between the molding sand in husky stage, avoids apparent contact occur between the molding sand of variable grain degree
Gap, being on the other hand conducive to molding sand in sandbox being capable of whole jolt ramming.
In the present embodiment, by the improvement of heat treatment process, hollow abrading-ball its surface after casting can be further avoided
The product defects of appearance, specifically, the unpacking clean-up phase after cast, the hollow abrading-ball temperature of cast steel after control cleaning
200 DEG C or more are maintained, it is 200~250 DEG C then to maintain 200 DEG C or more of the hollow abrading-ball of cast steel to be put into initial temperature by temperature
Heating furnace in be heat-treated, due to grounding ball casting be molded after, it is uncolled to be just heat-treated to less than 200 DEG C so that grind
For ball surface always in gentle temperature fluctuation range, largely avoided that abrading-ball surface cracked when expanding with heat and contract with cold can
Can, meanwhile, using specific heat treatment process in the present embodiment, pointedly reduce abrading-ball surface and sent out in heat treatment process
The probability of raw product defects.
It is found by production inspection, after the manufacturing method using the large hollow abrading-ball of the present embodiment, the mill of casting
The probability that its surface defect of ball generates is fallen to by original 50% or so almost without the control for abrading-ball surface defect
Significant effect.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, this describes no restricted, institute in attached drawing
What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and practical structure is not limited thereto.So if common skill of this field
Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, are not inventively designed and the technical solution
Similar frame mode and embodiment, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball, which is characterized in that include the following steps：By the foam plastics mould of abrading-ball
It is put into sandbox, and vibration plus sand is carried out on vibration unit；
The process of the vibration plus sand is as follows：
Stage one：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using low frequency, the drystone English of small particle size is added in vibration
In sand to sandbox, until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at a quarter height；The low frequency refers to 5 ~ 10 HZ, described small
Granularity refers to 155 ~ 175 mesh；
Stage two：Vibration frequency is adjusted, frequency vibrates sandbox in, the drystone English of granularity in being added in vibration
In sand to sandbox, until drystone sand is filled into sandbox at 2/3rds height；The middle frequency refers to 15 ~ 25 HZ, in described
Granularity refers to 75 ~ 105 mesh；
Stage three：Vibration frequency is adjusted, sandbox is vibrated using high-frequency, the drystone English of bulky grain degree is added in vibration
In sand to sandbox, until drystone sand fills sand filling case, then the plastic covering film at the top of sandbox accesses vacuum-pump line and takes out
Vacuum, vacuum degree are maintained at more than 0.65MPa；The high-frequency refers to 30 ~ 35 HZ, and the bulky grain degree refers to 35 ~ 50 mesh.
2. the formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stage one, the rank
After stage three described in Duan Erhe, under conditions of stopping continuing to add sand, vibrated again 80 ~ 100 seconds along former vibration frequency respectively,
Then the operation of next step is carried out.
3. the formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The vibration unit packet
Include hydraulic base（101）, air bag（102）And vibrating motor（103）, the hydraulic base（101）Four angles on connect respectively
Four support columns, one air bag of each support column centre installation（102）, there are one vibrating motors for the top installation of each support column
（103）.
4. the formative technology of large hollow abrading-ball according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The vibration unit further includes
Sandbox track（104）, the sandbox track（104）For transporting sandbox to the top of four support columns；Pass through hydraulic base
（101）Four support columns are risen, so that the quadrangle of sandbox bottom is supported pillared, are respectively equipped on each support column
Clamping device, the clamping device are used to that sandbox to be clamped to four support columns when sandbox vibrates.
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| DE3028666A1 (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1982-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DEBURRING SAND CORES |
| JPH06297083A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Taiyo Chuki Co Ltd | Vibrating device for filling sand for lost foam pattern casting |
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| EP2689868A2 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-01-29 | Akademia Górniczo-hutnicza Im. Stanis Awa Staszica | The device for vibratory reclamation of used up foundry sand |
| CN103639363A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-19 | 马鞍山市海天重工科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method of large abrasion-proof hollow grinding ball |
| CN205599863U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-09-28 | 益阳紫荆福利铸业有限公司 | Chemistry sclerosis sand casting is with vibration blendor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5645250A (en) * | 1979-09-19 | 1981-04-24 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | Fixing method of water-soluble mold |
| DE3028666A1 (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1982-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DEBURRING SAND CORES |
| JPH06297083A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Taiyo Chuki Co Ltd | Vibrating device for filling sand for lost foam pattern casting |
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