CN106719120A - A kind of wild six spot pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population - Google Patents
A kind of wild six spot pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population Download PDFInfo
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- CN106719120A CN106719120A CN201611030573.4A CN201611030573A CN106719120A CN 106719120 A CN106719120 A CN 106719120A CN 201611030573 A CN201611030573 A CN 201611030573A CN 106719120 A CN106719120 A CN 106719120A
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- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LDZGISULMSUOIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper acetic acid sulfate Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Cu+2].C(C)(=O)O LDZGISULMSUOIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000334290 Diodon holocanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001441728 Molidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001441726 Tetraodontiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The acclimation method propagated artificially is converted into the present invention relates to a kind of wild parent population, particularly a kind of wild six spot pierces the acclimatization technology of Puffer, is related to technical field of aquaculture.The step of method that the present invention is provided, includes：Select parent population, prepare domestication pool, fry domestication.The acclimation method provided with the present invention is directed to wild six spot and pierces the Puffer natural habit suitable bait of selection, then is fed by adjusting different bait mixing, gradually the mode of transition, the bait demand for making wild six spots thorn Puffer adapt to propagate artificially completely under environment.
Description
Technical field
The acclimation method propagated artificially is converted into the present invention relates to a kind of wild parent population, particularly a kind of wild six spots thorn Puffer
Acclimatization technology, be related to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
It is spoke fin net-rope, Tetraodontiformes, one kind of two tooth Molidaes, popular name gas melon that six spots pierce Puffer (Diodonholocanthus)
Young, thorn rule etc..The maritime demersal fishes in the torrid zone, mainly inhabit shallow sea reef area, soft bottom marine site or open waters.Typically
Row solitary life, assembles in groups sometimes, and juvenile fish then float sexual life by row ocean.Six spots pierce Puffer delicious meat, and fish-skin is rich in rich
Rich collagen, is received by the market, during highest up to 200-240 units/kilogram.Market potential is huge.Current six spot pierces Puffer
All seas of originating are fished for, and stock number is also with fisherman's overfishing into the trend that falls sharply.
Six spots pierce Puffer as a kind of kind with important potentiality to be exploited, because its sources group quantity is unstable, have
Obvious seasonality quantity of the catch, so total fishery harvesting yield is not high, also just supply falls short of demand in market.Excessive fishing for causes six spots to pierce
Puffer wild resource is destroyed, and catch can also be reduced therewith year by year.And it is propagated artificially and raising technology or blank at present.
Want sustainable acquisition yield, then just have carries out artificial domesticating and cultivating to wild six spot thorn Puffer first, and how to open country
Raw thorn Puffer is tamed and cultivated, and how to improve success that it raises and train and survival rate is that presently, there are main technical barrier, this
Effective implementation of invention can provide technical support to improve thorn Puffer domestication success rate and the spot of Devoting Major Efforts To Developing six thorn Puffer from now on, promote to produce
Industry economic development undoubtedly has important social effect, has a extensive future.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the acclimation method that a kind of wild six spot pierces Puffer parent population, wild six spots thorn is effectively improved
Puffer is converted into the survival rate propagated artificially.The present invention is achieved by the following scheme：
(1) parent population is selected：Weight is selected in more than 1500g, body more than 20cm long, body surface is without wound, and healthy vigor is good
The wild six spots thorn Puffer of high-quality；
(2) domestication pool is prepared：The water quality requirement of domestication pool is salinity 20-32 ‰, and 23-31 DEG C of temperature, pH7.2~8.5 are molten
Oxygen keeps>5mg/L, flowing water is raised, flow velocity 50-80L/min；The diameter 4-5m of domestication pool, 1~1.5m of the depth of water；
(3) parent population domestication：
S1, shrimp, crab and shellfish living feed the stage：The parent population that will be selected is by raising and train density 1-2 tails/m3Enter domestication pool, do not throw within first two days
Bait is fed, shrimp living and shellfish and/or miscellaneous crab is then fed, gradually increases the ratio of shrimp living, until only throwing shrimp living；
S2, shrimp living and frost shrimp mixing feed the stage：After feeding the stage through shrimp, crab and shellfish of making a living, gradually replaced living with frost shrimp
Shrimp feeds；
S3, frost shrimp feed the stage：After feeding the stage with frost shrimp mixing through the shrimp that makes a living, all ice of bait is persistently fed
Freeze shrimp；
S4, frost shrimp and artifical compound feed feed the stage：After frost shrimp feeds the stage, with pellet gradually generation
Fed for frost shrimp until all only throwing pellet；
S5, artifical compound feed feed the stage：After frost shrimp and artifical compound feed feed the stage, all feed
Grain feed.
In the fry domestication of step (3), regularly feed daily 2 times, interval is fed every time 6-8 hours, feeding volume is with fish
Eat up and be advisable；Daily draining cleaning bottom of pond rubbish；Every 6 days, 25ppm Enrofloxacins, 12 hours are added in domestication pool for three days on end
After change water 100%；Pond is fallen every other month once, can effectively prevent the generation of disease.
The time that the daily timing feeds is early 7 points, 12 noon；Under the time of daily draining cleaning bottom of pond rubbish is
16 points of noon.
In step sl before parent population enters domestication pool, first the freshwater soaking 8-12 by parent population in 2ppm acetic acid copper sulphate divides
Clock,
The shrimp, crab and shellfish living fed the stage for 4-6 days in step sl.
In step sl, daily draining cleaning bottom of pond is dirty, and quality of increasing water quality prevents water quality from degenerating.
In step s 2 it is described with frost shrimp gradually instead of the method for shrimp living be live shrimp it is daily with frost shrimp feed ratio
The 70% of total amount, 50%, 30%, 10% is accounted for by shrimp living, 0 successively decreases feeds, be conducive to the transformation of parent population stabilization to ingest bait, improved
Parent population raises and train success rate.
The frost shrimp fed the stage for 4-6 days in step s3.
Gradually fed until the method for all only throwing pellet is ice instead of frost shrimp with pellet in step s 4
Freeze the daily ratio that feeds of shrimp and pellet and account for total amount by freezing shrimp, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, 15%, 10%, directly
Fed to all pellets.Be conducive to the transformation of parent population stabilization to ingest bait, improve raising and train success rate and surviving for parent population
Rate.
Pellet in step S4 and S5 is fish treasured pellet (Japanese woods and strain commercial firm, No. 8 material).
This domestication has advantages below：Still blank is raised and train at present due to wild six spot thorn Puffer, so how to improve it
Raise and train success rate and survival rate be main technical barrier, prior art have plenty of wild parent population transport back come after directly feed it is chilled
Fishes and shrimps, have plenty of and directly feed hand fit's pellet, and the now also no artificial domestication environment of adaptation completely of wild thorn Puffer,
Also do not change its food species of ingesting in time, it is in these cases, hungry so as to the situation do not ingested or seldom ingest occurs
Hungry thorn Puffer can kill each other and sting other side mutually, cause large quantities of injured infection of thorn Puffer and dead.The present invention is also by repeatedly anti-
A proper domesticating method is selected out after multiple trial, such that it is able to improve its success rate and survival rate for raising and train.Pin
Suitable active bait is first selected to wild six spot thorn Puffer natural habit, then is thrown by progressively adjusting different bait mixed proportions
Hello, by way of stabilization gradually transition, wild six spots thorn Puffer is adapted to the fish treasured pellet of hand fit completely, improve it
Raise and train success rate and survival rate.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described：
In May, 2016 to October is in Hainan Province of Donghai Aquatic Products Inst., China Aquatic Science Research Academy Qionghai mayor slope town coconut palm
The research center place of Lin Cun, has carried out the domestication that wild six spot pierces Puffer parent population.
1st, fish is used in domestication
Wild six spots thorn Puffer is caught in the sea for selecting high-quality, and weight is in more than 1500g, and body is long close as domestication in more than 20cm
Fish.
2nd, domestication pool selection
Selection diameter 5m depth of waters 1.5m circle cement pits.
3rd, parent population is transported and puts in a suitable place to breed
Wild six spots thorn Puffer continues oxygenation and transports test site back using running water car, and the transportation facility for loading live fish is used in advance
10ppm potassium permanganate carries out disinfection treatment.Wild six spot thorn Puffer parent population be put into before domestication pool with plus 2ppm acetic acid copper sulphate it is light
Water soaks 10 minutes, raises and train density 1-2 tails/m3。
4th, the bait feeding stage
First stage：Just enter the wild parent population same day in pond and do not feed bait in second day.3rd day starts to feed shrimp living, shellfish
And miscellaneous crab, eaten up with parent population and be advisable, the feeding volume of shellfish and miscellaneous crab is reduced daily later, based on the shrimp that lives.16 points of every afternoon is left
Right draining cleaning bottom of pond is dirty.This stage living bait Feeding time about 5 days or so.
Second stage:In the first stage on basis, the mixed feed of shrimp living and frost shrimp, shrimp living and frost shrimp are only fed
The daily ratio that feeds accounts for the 70% of total amount, 50%, 30%, 10% by shrimp living, and 0 successively decreases feeds.Feeding volume with parent population eat up for
Only.About 5-6 days this domestication stage, parent population can be domesticated for the shrimp of defrosting after whole frosts of ingesting.This tames bait advantage
Shrimp easily lays in for frost, and the shelf-life is longer.
Phase III：The all frost shrimps of bait are fed in this stage parent population, it is of fixed place and time daily to feed, one day two
Secondary, 7 points or so of morning, 12 noon or so is each once.Feed the stage about 5 days or so.
Fourth stage：The phase III basis on, this spot of stage six thorn Puffer feed bait begin to change into frost shrimp with
The grain mixed feed made of feed, freezes shrimp proportion and successively decreases successively with parent population situation of ingesting in mixed feed, and 80%,
60%, 40%, 20%, 15%, 10%, until all cooperation fish treasured pellets.(fish treasured pellet, Japanese woods and strain
Commercial firm, No. 8 material)
5th stage：After parent population adapts to artifical compound feed completely, it is all people that this spot of stage six thorn Puffer feeds bait
The fish treasured pellet that work coordinates.
Parent population is of fixed place and time daily during taming to be fed, and daily 2 times, early 7 points, respectively once, feeding volume is with fish for 12 noon
Eat up and be advisable；Afternoon, bottom of pond rubbish were cleared up in 16 drainings；Soaked 12 hours using 25ppm Enrofloxacins every 6 days, be used in conjunction 3 days；
Pond is fallen every other month once.Accomplish to observe parent population active situation daily during domestication, sleep preceding tour fishpond in the evening, it is ensured that aqueous vapor
And parent population is normal.Domestication water quality：Salinity 20-32 ‰, 23-31 DEG C of temperature, pH 7.2~8.5, dissolved oxygen keeps>5mg/L, flowing water.
Result of implementation：5~October in 2016 pierces Puffer and carries out domestication by the method for the present invention to wild six spot, altogether
Three batches of parent populations of domestication, totally 235 tail parent population, finally survives 201 tails, and domestication survival rate is more than 80%, and it is dead that batch does not occur in period
Die phenomenon.Therefore visible the method can effectively improve the domestication survival rate that wild six spot pierces Puffer, and can be with after taming successfully
Natural spawning, fertility rate and hatchability is all more than 90%.
The above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to disclosed in the embodiment
Content.So every do not depart from the lower equivalent or modification for completing of spirit disclosed in this invention, the model of present invention protection is both fallen within
Enclose.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of wild six spot pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) parent population is selected：Weight is selected in more than 1500g, body more than 20cm long, body surface is without wound, the good high-quality of healthy vigor
Wild six spot pierces Puffer；
(2) domestication pool is prepared：The water quality requirement of domestication pool is salinity 20-32 ‰, and 23-31 DEG C of temperature, pH7.2~8.5, dissolved oxygen is protected
Hold>5mg/L, flowing water is raised, flow velocity 50-80L/min；The diameter 4-5m of domestication pool, 1~1.5m of the depth of water；
(3) parent population domestication：
S1, shrimp, crab and shellfish living feed the stage：The parent population that will be selected is by raising and train density 1-2 tails/m3Enter domestication pool, do not feed bait within first two days
Material, then feeds shrimp living and shellfish and/or miscellaneous crab, gradually increases the ratio of shrimp living, until only throwing shrimp living；
S2, shrimp living and frost shrimp mixing feed the stage：After feeding the stage through shrimp, crab and shellfish of making a living, shrimp living is gradually replaced to throw with frost shrimp
Hello；
S3, frost shrimp feed the stage：After feeding the stage with frost shrimp mixing through the shrimp that makes a living, all frosts of bait are persistently fed
Shrimp；
S4, frost shrimp and artifical compound feed feed the stage：After frost shrimp feeds the stage, ice is gradually replaced with pellet
Freeze shrimp to feed until all only throwing pellet；
S5, artifical compound feed feed the stage：After frost shrimp and artifical compound feed feed the stage, particle feeding is all fed
Material.
2. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：In the fish of step (3)
In seedling domestication, regularly feed daily 2 times, interval is fed every time 6-8 hours, feeding volume is eaten up with fish and is advisable；Daily draining cleaning
Bottom of pond rubbish；Every 6 days, 25ppm Enrofloxacins are added in domestication pool for three days on end, water 100% is changed after 12 hours；Every one
Pond fall the moon once.
3. wild six spot according to claim 2 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：The daily timing is thrown
The time fed is early 7 points, 12 noon；The time of daily draining cleaning bottom of pond rubbish is at 16 points in afternoon.
4. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：In step sl in parent
Before fish enters domestication pool, first by parent population at freshwater soaking 8-12 minutes of 2ppm acetic acid copper sulphate.
5. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：It is described in step sl
Shrimp, crab and shellfish living fed the stage for 4-6 days.
6. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：It is described in step s 2
It is gradually that shrimp the feed ratio daily with frost shrimp of living accounts for the 70% of total amount by shrimp living instead of the method for shrimp living with frost shrimp,
50%, 30%, 10%, 0 successively decreases feeds.
7. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：It is described in step s3
Frost shrimp fed the stage for 4-6 days.
8. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：In step s 4 with
Grain feed is gradually fed until the method for all only throwing pellet is frost shrimp and the daily throwing of pellet instead of frost shrimp
The ratio of feeding accounts for total amount by frost shrimp, and 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, 15%, 10%, until all pellets feed.
9. wild six spot according to claim 1 pierces the acclimation method of Puffer parent population, it is characterised in that：In step S4 and S5
Pellet for fish treasured pellet.
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